2026届高考英语重难点专项突破练习卷10 高频名词、动词的僻义导学案

2026-03-03

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2026高考英语·重难点专项突破练习卷10

高频名词、动词的僻义

核【核心知识·深度解读】

熟词生义是高考英语阅读理解、完形填空和语法填空中的常见难点。所谓“熟词生义”，是指一些学生熟悉的单词，在特定语境中考查其不常见、甚至完全陌生的含义。近三年真题显示，命题人倾向于从高频词汇中选取生僻义项，考查学生在语境中推断词义的能力。

1. 熟词生义产生的原因：
● 词义演变：单词在长期使用中衍生出新义（如：virus原指病毒，现也指计算机病毒）
● 一词多性：同一单词用作不同词性时意义不同（如：book名词“书”，动词“预订”）
● 文化引申：特定文化背景下产生的特殊含义（如：table动词“搁置”）

2. 高考高频熟词生义（约30组）：

单词

常见义

生僻义

例句

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address	地址	演讲；处理	The president will address the nation. / We need to address this issue.
book	书	预订	I booked a table for two.
weather	天气	经受住	The company weathered the financial crisis.
chair	椅子	主持	Professor Li chaired the meeting.
desert	沙漠	抛弃	He deserted his family.
fine	好的	罚款	He was fined for speeding.
ground	地面	理由；使停飞	He has good grounds for complaint. / The plane was grounded.
head	头	朝...方向前进；领导	We headed for the airport. / He heads the department.
interest	兴趣	利益；利息	He acted in the public interest. / The loan carries high interest.
land	陆地	获得；着陆	He landed a good job. / The plane landed safely.

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meet	遇见	满足	This meets our requirements.
mine	我的	采矿	Gold is mined in this area.
miss	想念；错过	小姐	Miss Smith is our teacher.
note	笔记	注意；纸币	Please note the changes. / He paid with a 10-pound note.
page	页	传呼	Please page Dr. Smith.
park	公园	停车	Don't park here.
pass	通过	传球；去世	He passed the ball. / His grandfather passed away.
present	礼物；现在	呈现；出席	He presented his idea. / All students are present.
rate	比率	评价；认为	He is rated as a good teacher.
remain	保持	遗留；有待	Many problems remain to be solved.
ring	戒指；铃声	打电话	I'll ring you later.
room	房间	空间	There's no room for doubt.

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