Unit 7 语法专练 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级下册

仁爱版八下第7单元语法专练 形容词后缀 al 与 时间状语从句 第一部分：形容词后缀 al 知识点梳理 一、什么是形容词后缀 al？ al 是一个非常常见的形容词后缀，加在名词（有时是动词）后面，构成形容词，表示"属于……的"、"与……有关的"、"具有……性质的"。 构成方式：名词/动词 + al → 形容词 例如： nature（自然）+ al = natural（自然的） culture（文化）+ al = cultural（文化的） 二、常见的 al 形容词分类 1. 与学科、学术相关的 nature 自然 → natural 自然的 culture 文化 → cultural 文化的 education 教育 → educational 教育的 history 历史 → historical 历史的 physics 物理 → physical 物理的；身体的 chemistry 化学 → chemical 化学的 biology 生物 → biological 生物学的 politics 政治 → political 政治的 例如： This is a cultural exchange program. （这是一个文化交流项目） She works in the medical field. （她在医学领域工作） We need to find a political solution. （我们需要找到一个政治解决方案） 2. 与个人、情感相关的 person 个人 → personal 个人的；私人的 emotion 情绪 → emotional 情绪的；感性的 sentiment 情感 → sentimental 多愁善感的 psychology 心理学 → psychological 心理的 mentality 智力 → mental 精神的；智力的 spirit 精神 → spiritual 精神的；宗教的 physique 体格 → physical 身体的 sensation 感觉 → sensational 轰动的；耸人听闻的 例如： It's a personal matter. （这是私事） She is very emotional today. （她今天很情绪化） He needs mental and physical rest. （他需要精神和身体上的休息） 3. 与社会、生活相关的 society 社会 → social 社会的；社交的 nation 国家 → national 国家的；民族的 region 地区 → regional 地区的 globe 地球 → global 全球的 例如： We have social problems to solve. （我们有社会问题要解决） This is a global issue. （这是一个全球性问题） She needs some practical experience. （她需要一些实践经验） 4. 与时间、空间相关的 season 季节 → seasonal 季节性的 例如： The seasonal changes are obvious. （季节变化很明显） 5. 其他常见 al 形容词 origin 起源 → original 原始的；最初的；原创的 form 形式 → formal 正式的；形式上的 norm 标准 → normal 正常的 exception 例外 → exceptional 例外的；杰出的 addition 添加 → additional 额外的 option 选择 → optional 可选择的 necessity 必要 → necessary 必要的 accident 事故 → accidental 意外的；偶然的 例如： The original plan was better. （最初的计划更好） Wear formal clothes for the interview. （面试要穿正装） 第二部分：时间状语从句知识点梳理 一、什么是时间状语从句？ 时间状语从句是指在主句中充当时间状语的从句，用来表示主句动作发生的时间。它由时间连词引导，可以放在主句之前或之后。 放在主句前：从句 + 逗号 + 主句 放在主句后：主句 + 从句（不加逗号） 例如： When I arrived, he was sleeping. （当我到达时，他正在睡觉） I was watching TV when he came in. （他进来时我正在看电视） 二、常用时间状语从句连词 1. when 当……的时候 表示某一时间点或时间段，可以表示"突然"。 例如： When I was a child, I lived in Beijing. （我小时候住在北京） I was walking home when it started to rain. （我正走回家，突然下起雨来） When you see him, please tell him to call me. （你见到他时，请让他给我打电话） 2. while 当……的时候；在……期间 强调动作的持续进行，通常接延续性动词。 例如： While I was reading, she was watching TV. （我在看书时，她在看电视） Please don't disturb me while I'm working. （我工作时请不要打扰我） He fell asleep while watching TV. （他看电视时睡着了） 3. as 当……的时候；一边……一边；随着 强调两个动作同时发生，或表示"随着"。 例如： As I walked home, I thought about the problem. （我走回家时思考着这个问题） He sang as he worked. （他一边工作一边唱歌） As time goes by, I miss you more. （随着时间的推移，我更加想念你） 4. before 在……之前 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。 例如： Please turn off the lights before you leave. （离开前请关灯） I had finished my homework before my mother came back. （妈妈回来前我已经完成了作业） Think carefully before you answer. （回答前仔细想想） 5. after 在……之后 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。 例如： After he finished his work, he went home. （完成工作后，他回家了） I will call you after I arrive. （我到达后会给你打电话） She went to bed after watching TV. （看完电视后她上床睡觉了） 6. since 自从…… 表示从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在，主句通常用现在完成时。 例如： I have lived here since I was born. （我从出生就住在这里） He hasn't called me since he left. （他离开后就没给我打过电话） It has been three years since we last met. （我们上次见面已经三年了） 7. until / till 直到……为止 表示动作持续到某一时间点。 例如： I waited until he came back. （我一直等到他回来） He didn't leave until I arrived. （直到我到达他才离开） Please wait here until I come back. （请在这里等我回来） 8. as soon as 一……就…… 表示两个动作几乎同时发生。 例如： I will call you as soon as I get home. （我一到家就给你打电话） As soon as he saw me, he ran away. （他一看到我就跑开了） Please tell me as soon as you hear any news. （一有消息就请告诉我） 9. once 一旦…… 强调条件性，表示"一旦……就……"。 例如： Once you start, you must finish. （一旦开始，你就必须完成） Once he arrives, we can begin. （他一到我们就能开始） Once you understand the rules, it's easy. （一旦你理解了规则，就简单了） 10. whenever 每当；无论何时 表示任何时候。 例如： Whenever I see her, she is smiling. （我每次见到她，她都在笑） You can come whenever you want. （你想什么时候来都行） 三、when, while, as 的区别 when 的用法 可以表示时间点，也可以表示时间段 从句动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词 可以表示"突然……" 例如： When I arrived, he was sleeping. （时间点，瞬间动词） When I was young, I liked swimming. （时间段，延续性动词） I was about to leave when it started to rain. （我刚要离开，突然下雨了） while 的用法 只能表示时间段 从句动词必须是延续性动词 强调两个动作同时进行 可以表示对比 例如： While I was reading, she was watching TV. （两个动作同时进行） Please be quiet while I'm talking. （延续性动词） He likes sports while I prefer music. （对比） as 的用法 可以表示时间段，与 while 相似 强调"一边……一边……" 表示"随着" 例如： As I walked home, I thought about the problem. （边走边想） He sang as he worked. （一边工作一边唱歌） As time goes by, I miss you more. （随着时间的推移） 四、时间状语从句的时态规则 1. 主将从现 在时间状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。 例如： I will call you when I arrive. （我到达后会给你打电话） He will tell her the news as soon as he sees her. （他一见到她就会告诉她这个消息） Please wait here until he comes back. （请在这里等他回来） 2. 主情从现 如果主句含有情态动词，从句也要用一般现在时。 例如： You can go out after you finish your homework. （你完成作业后就可以出去） 3. 主祈从现 如果主句是祈使句，从句也要用一般现在时。 例如： Please call me when you get home. （到家后请给我打电话） 4. 主过从过 如果主句是一般过去时，从句通常也要用相应的过去时态。 例如： I was watching TV when he came in. （他进来时我正在看电视） After he finished his work, he went home. （完成工作后，他回家了） 5. since 从句的时态 since 引导的从句通常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 例如： I have lived here since I was born. （我从出生就住在这里） 五、until 的用法 1. 肯定句：延续性动词 + until 表示动作一直持续到某个时间点。 例如： I waited until he came. （我一直等到他来） He slept until noon. （他一直睡到中午） 2. 否定句：瞬间动词 + until 表示动作直到某个时间点才发生，即"直到……才……"。 例如： He didn't leave until I arrived. （直到我到达他才离开） I didn't sleep until midnight. （我直到半夜才睡） 3. not until 放在句首时，主句要倒装 例如： Not until he arrived did I leave. （直到他到达我才离开） 第三部分：练习题 一、形容词后缀 al 练习题 写出下列名词的形容词形式（共10题） 1. nature → __________ 2. culture → __________ 3. education → __________ 4. history → __________ 5. music → __________ 6. medicine → __________ 7. politics → __________ 8. person → __________ 9. emotion → __________ 10. society → __________ 用所给名词的形容词形式填空（共10题） 11. This is a __________ (culture) exchange program. 12. She works in the __________ (medicine) field. 13. We need a __________ (politics) solution. 14. It's a __________ (person) matter. 15. She is very __________ (emotion) today. 16. __________ (environment) protection is important. 17. This car is very __________ (economy). 18. Wear __________ (form) clothes for the interview. 19. This is a __________ (history) moment. 20. This is a __________ (nation)) award. 单项选择（共10题） 21. This is a __________ decision, so I need to think carefully. A. person B. personal C. personable 22. She loves __________ music, especially Mozart. A. classic B. classical C. class 23. The __________ changes are obvious in spring. A. season B. seasonal C. seasonable 24. He works for an __________ company. A. nation B. national C. international 25. This is a __________ document. Only managers can see it. A. confidence B. confident C. confidential 26. We need __________ help to finish the work. A. additional B. addition C. additive 27. The __________ problem is very serious. A. industry B. industrial C. industrious 28. Water is __________ for life. A. essence B. essential C. essentiality 29. The __________ idea is simple. A. centre B. center C. central 30. This is an __________ project, not final. A. experiment B. experimental C. expert 二、时间状语从句练习题 单项选择（共10题） 31. I will call you __________ I get home. A. while B. when C. as 32. He was watching TV __________ his mother came in. A. when B. while C. as 33. __________ she was reading, I was cooking. A. When B. While C. As soon as 34. I have lived here __________ I was born. A. since B. for C. when 35. Please wait here __________ I come back. A. until B. when C. while 36. He didn't go to bed __________ he finished his homework. A. while B. when C. until 37. __________ time goes by, I understand more. A. As B. When C. While 38. I'll tell him the news __________ I see him. A. as soon as B. while C. until 39. __________ you start, you must finish. A. Once B. When C. While 40. It is three years __________ we graduated. A.when B. for C. since 用所给动词的正确形式填空（共10题） 41. I __________ (call) you when I __________ (arrive). 42. He __________ (watch) TV when I __________ (come) in. 43. While I __________ (read), she __________ (sleep). 44. I __________ (wait) until he __________ (come) back. 45. He __________ (not leave) until I __________ (arrive). 46. I __________ (live) here since I __________ (be) born. 47. As soon as he __________ (see) me, he __________ (run) away. 48. After he __________ (finish) his work, he __________ (go) home. 49. Please wait here until he __________ (come) back. 50. It __________ (be) three years since we last __________ (meet). 改错题（每题只有一处错误）（共10题） 51. I will call you when I will arrive. → ______________________________ 52. While I walked home, I met an old friend. → ______________________________ 53. I have lived here since five years. → ______________________________ 54. He didn't leave until I will come. → ______________________________ 55. As soon as he will see me, he will run away. → ______________________________ 56. It is three years since he has graduated. → ______________________________ 57. Please wait here until he will come back. → ______________________________ 58. When I was young, I was liking swimming. → ______________________________ 59. He fell asleep while he watched TV. → ______________________________ 60. I didn't sleep until I finished my homework until midnight. → ______________________________ 将下列句子翻译成英语（共10题） 61. 我到家后会给你打电话。 → ________________________________________ 62. 他进来时我正在看电视。 → ________________________________________ 63. 我一边走路一边唱歌。 → ________________________________________ 64. 自从我来到这个城市，我就住在这里。 → ________________________________________ 65. 请在这里等到我回来。 → ________________________________________ 66. 直到妈妈回来他才做作业。 → ________________________________________ 67. 一看到警察，他就跑了。 → ________________________________________ 68. 随着年龄的增长，我变得更加成熟。 → ________________________________________ 69. 每次见到她，她都在笑。 → ________________________________________ 70. 一旦开始，就必须完成。 → ________________________________________ 第四部分：参考答案 一、形容词后缀 al 练习题答案 写出下列名词的形容词形式 1. natural 2. cultural 3. educational 4. historical 5. musical 6. medical 7. political 8. personal 9. emotional 10. social 用所给名词的形容词形式填空 11. cultural 12. medical 13. political 14. personal 15. emotional 16. Environmental 17. economical 18. formal 19. historic / historical 20. national 单项选择 21. B 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. B 二、时间状语从句练习题答案 单项选择 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. A 38. A 39. A 40. C 用所给动词的正确形式填空 41. will call, arrive 42. was watching, came 43. was reading, was sleeping 44. will wait, comes / waited, came 45. didn't leave, arrived 46. have lived, was 47. saw, ran 48. finished, went 49. comes 50. is / has been, met 改错题 51. I will call you when I arrive. （去掉will） 52. While I was walking home, I met an old friend. （walked → was walking） 53. I have lived here for five years. （since → for） 54. He didn't leave until I came. （will come → came） 55. As soon as he sees me, he will run away. （will see → sees） 56. It is three years since he graduated. （has graduated → graduated） 57. Please wait here until he comes back. （will come → comes） 58. When I was young, I liked swimming. （was liking → liked） 59. He fell asleep while he was watching TV. （watched → was watching） 60. I didn't sleep until midnight. / I didn't finish my homework until midnight. （句式杂糅） 将下列句子翻译成英语 61. I will call you when I get home. 62. I was watching TV when he came in. 63. I sang as I walked. / I was singing while walking. 64. I have lived here since I came to this city. 65. Please wait here until I come back. 66. He didn't do his homework until his mother came back. 67. As soon as he saw the policeman, he ran away. 68. As I grow older, I become more mature. 69. Whenever I see her, she is smiling. 70. Once you start, you must finish. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $