2026届高考英语·重难点专项突破练习卷2非谓语动词作状语、定语的语境优选 导学案

2026高考英语·重难点专项突破练习卷2

非谓语动词作状语、定语的语境优选

核【核心知识·深度解读】

非谓语动词是高考语法填空及短文改错的必考点，近三年真题显示，单纯的“固定搭配”题目减少，转而考查在具体语境中判断使用不定式、-ing还是-ed形式。尤其突出非谓语作状语（原因、时间、条件、伴随、结果）和定语（前置/后置）的逻辑关系。

1. 非谓语作状语：逻辑主语通常为主句主语。判断依据：①与主语之间是主动进行用现在分词（doing）；②被动或完成用过去分词（done）或having been done；③表示目的、意料之外的结果、形容词修饰多用不定式（to do）。

2. 非谓语作定语：单个分词常前置（exciting news / excited people）；短语作定语后置。判断依据：与被修饰名词之间是主动进行用现在分词（a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping）；被动或已完成用过去分词（a fallen leaf = a leaf that has fallen）；表示将来的动作（通常含情态意义）用不定式（the next train to arrive）。

3. 独立主格/with复合结构：当非谓语逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时，保留自己的主语，形成独立主格（Weather permitting...）或with结构（with + n. + doing/done/to do）。

4.示例（语法填空）： “______ (spend) over a year on the project, the team finally succeeded.” 此处“花费了一年多”发生在“成功”之前，且与主语team为主动关系，故填Having spent，强调先后与主动。又如2024·全国甲卷：“The meeting ______ (hold) next week is about climate change.” 会议下周举行，表将来且被动，填to be held。

非谓语形式	状语功能	定语功能	常见标志词/语境
doing (主动进行)	时间、原因、伴随、条件	正在进行的动作/用途	walking along, feeling tired
having done (主动完成)	发生在主句之前的动作	——	having finished, not having received
done (被动/完成)	被动、状态	已完成的被动	seen from, written by
being done (正在被)	原因(正在被)	正在被…的	being repaired, being discussed
to do (目的/结果/将来)	目的、出乎意料的结果、形容词原因	将要发生的动作	to catch, to be announced

▶ 题型：语法填空（语境化，无提示词纯空格不涉及，本练习全为动词提示）

【语篇一 · 人物故事】 (用所给动词适当形式填空)

________ (inspire) by a famous scientist, Maria decided ________ (pursue) a career in physics. ________ (work) in the lab for three years, she made a major discovery. One day, while ________ (design) an experiment, she noticed something unexpected. ________ (encourage) by her professor, she published a paper. The results, ________ (publish) in a top journal, attracted worldwide attention. Now, she often gives talks, ________ (motivate) young girls ________ (follow) their dreams. ________ (look) back, she feels proud of what she ________ (achieve).

①________ ②________ ③________ ④________ ⑤________ ⑥________ ⑦________ ⑧________ ⑨________ ⑩________

【语篇二 · 科技报道】

A new robot, ________ (design) to assist in surgeries, has been tested successfully. ________ (equip) with high-precision cameras, it can operate with great accuracy. ________ (compare) with traditional methods, the robot reduces recovery time. However, some doctors worry about the risk of ________ (use) such technology. ________ (train) properly, the robot could become a standard tool.