Unit 1 语法专项—— 基数词与序数词 课件 2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

教学课件 译林英语七年级下册 Unit 1语法专项—— 基数词与序数词 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 1.掌握基数词的构成与核心用法 2.熟记序数词的变化规律及拼写要点 3.掌握序数词前the的使用规则 4.能在Home话题中正确运用数词描述场景 5.规避数词使用的常见错误,应对基础题型 基数词-定义与功能 1.定义:表示人或事物数量的数词 2.本单元核心应用场景(Home话题): 描述面积、楼层数量、房间数 表达门牌号、电话号码、居住人数 例句:It has an area of 160 square metres. 基数词-构成规则(1-19) 1-12:独立成词,无规律,单独记忆 例:one, two, three,four, five,six,seven,eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 13-19:后缀为 -teen ,表“十几” thirteen, fourteen, fifteen,sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen 拼写易错点:thirteen/fifteen/eighteen 基数词-构成规则(20以上) 20-90整十数:后缀为-ty,表“几十” twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety 易错拼写:twenty/thirty/forty/fifty/eighty 21-99几十几:整十数+连字符+个位数 例:twenty-one, thirty-five, eighty-nine 连字符不可省略,考试高频考点 基数词-构成规则(100以上) 1.百位表达:数字+hundred(单数),百位与十位加and(英式) 例:156 one hundred and fifty-six 2.千位表达:数字+thousand(单数),千位后直接接百位 例:4056 four thousand and fifty-six 3.百位后无十位:208 two hundred and eight 基数词-高频考点1(模糊数量) 1.固定搭配:hundreds of / thousands of 表:成百上千/成千上万(模糊、不确定数量) 2.核心规则:前无具体数字,后必须加s 例:Hundreds of people live here. 3.反规则:前有具体数字,用单数,不加s 例:five hundred students(√) five hundreds( ) 基数词-高频考点2(年龄/定语) 1.表语形式:数字+years old(用于系动词后) 例:The flat is 20 years old. 2.定语形式:数字-year-old(用于名词前,作定语) 3.定语规则:year用单数,连字符不可省 例:a 12-year-old flat, a 30-square-metre room 基数词-高频考点3(编号/号码) 1.适用范围:门牌号、电话号码、房号、街道号 2.表达规则:直接逐个读数字,无需用序数词 例句: 28 Rose Street two eight Rose Street 020-70001111 zero two zero seven zero zero zero one one one one 基数词-即时小练(判断改错) 判断正误,错误的请改正: 1.thirty six _ 2.two hundreds books _ 3.a 10-years-old boy _ 4.three hundred and twenty _ 5.five thousand of trees _ thirty-six two hundred books a 10-year-old boy √ five thousand trees 序数词-定义与功能 1.定义:表示人或事物顺序、位次的数词 2.本单元核心应用场景(Home话题): 描述楼层、日期、房间序号 表达第几次搬家、第几个家 3.例句:She lives on the twentieth floor. 序数词-核心记忆口诀(上) 123特殊记,独成序数无规律 th要从4加起,直接后缀最容易 5去ve换f,8去t,9去e,再加th要牢记 12ve换f加th,拼写千万别错写 口诀对应基数词:one/two/three/five/eight/nine/twelve 序数词-核心记忆口诀(下) 整十y变i加eth,二十开始要牢记 几十几,有规律,整十序+个位基 百千后直接加th,大数序数超简单 口诀对应:twenty/forty/ninety;twenty-one;hundred/thousand 序数词-构成(1-12) 基数词 序数词 核心变化 one first 特殊变化 two second 特殊变化 three third 特殊变化 five fifth 去ve换f+th eight eighth 去t+h nine ninth 去e+th twelve twelfth 去ve换f+th 序数词-构成(13-90) 13-19:基数词直接加th,注意拼写 thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth 20-90整十数:y变i,再加eth 例:twenty twentieth, forty fortieth twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth 序数词-构成(几十几/大数) 1.几十几:整十数变序数词+个位基数词 例:21 twenty-first,38 thirty-eighth 2.百位/千位:hundred hundredth,thousand thousandth 例句:the ninety-ninth floor,the hundredth guest 序数词-核心用法1(the的使用) 1.加the:单纯表示顺序,无其他限定词 例:the fifth floor,the tenth of May 2.不加the:序数词前有物主代词/名词所有格 例:my first home,Tom's twelfth bedroom 3.核心:限定词(my/his/Tom's)优先,替代the 序数词-核心用法2(特殊省略) 1.名词+基数词:无the,首字母大写 例:Grade 7,Class 5,Room 302 2.序数词+名词:加the,首字母小写 例:the seventh grade,the fifth class 3.两者可互换,表达同一含义 序数词-核心用法3(固定搭配) 1.first of all 首先(序数词前不加the) 例:First of all, let's clean the room. 2.at first 起初,一开始(固定短语) 3.拓展:the first time 第一次(有the,表具体顺序) 序数词-拼写易错点汇总 务必规避的5个高频错误,单独记忆: 1.five fifth(非fiveth) 2.eight eighth(非eightth) 3.nine ninth(非nineth) 4.twelve twelfth(非twelveth) 5.forty fortieth(非fourtieth) 基数词VS序数词-核心对比 类别 核心含义 关键词 本单元应用 基数词 数量 多少个 面积、楼层数、号码 序数词 顺序 第几个 具体楼层、日期、序号 例句:The building has 20 floors. I live on the 20th floor. 题型训练1-词形转换 写出下列基数词对应的序数词: 1.six _ 2. thirty _ 3.nineteen _ 4. fifty-five _ 5.thousand _ sixth thirtieth nineteenth fifty-fifth thousandth 题型训练2-介词/冠词填空 用the / / 填空,注意序数词用法: 1.She is in _ Grade 7 = in _ the seventh grade. 2.Today is _ his fortieth birthday. 3.We live on _ thirty-second floor. 4._ first of all, let's visit the new flat. / the / the / 题型训练3-单项选择 1.There are _ students in our class. A. forty five B. forty-five C. fourty-five 2.He lives on _ floor of the building. A. the twelve B. twelfth C. the twelfth 3._ people come to the neighbourhood every day. A. Hundreds of B. Hundred of C. Three hundreds 4.This is a _ flat in the community. A. 80-square-metre B. 80 square metres C. 80-years-old B C A A 数词-常见错误大盘点 1.几十几缺连字符:thirty six( ) thirty-five(√) 2.hundred/thousand滥用s:five hundreds( ) five hundred(√) 3.定语中year用复数:10-years-old( ) 10-year-old(√) 4.序数词拼写错误:nineth( ) ninth(√) 5.多余加the:my the first home( ) my first home(√) 数词-核心考点梳理(基数词) 1.构成:1-12单独记,十几-teen,几十-ty,几十几加连字符 2.模糊数量:hundreds of/thousands of(前无数字,加s) 3.定语用法:数字-名词单数(连字符) 4.编号:直接读数字,无需序数词 数词-核心考点梳理(序数词) 1.构成:遵循7句口诀,特殊变化单独记 2.the的使用:有限定词不加,单纯表顺序加 3.特殊表达:名词+基数词(无the)=the+序数词+名词 4.固定搭配:first of all(不加the) 课堂小结 1.基数词表数量,序数词表顺序,用法不同 2.两者构成有规律,特殊变化和拼写需单独记忆 3.the的使用是序数词核心考点,看前是否有限定词 4.结合Home话题,灵活运用数词描述具体场景 5.规避常见错误,注意细节(连字符、s、拼写) 教学课件 Unit 1语法专项—— 基数词与序数词 Thank you for listening! 29 $