Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Period 4 Learning About Language—Discovering Useful Structures教学设计-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Teaching and Learning Design Book3 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle 教学设计 Period 4 Teaching and learning contents: Learning About Language—Discovering useful structures Comprehensive teaching and learning objectives: By the end of this period, the students will have been able to: 1) Learn the usage of infinitives as the subject; 2) Practise using infinitives as the subject in the context correctly. Teaching and learning important points: 1) Learning the usage of infinitives as the subject; 2) Practising using infinitives as the subject in the context correctly. Teaching and learning difficult points: 1) Learning the usage of infinitives as the subject; 2) Practising using infinitives as the subject in the context correctly. Teaching and learning procedure: Step 1 Leading in and revision Activity 1 Leading in and revision Lead in the teaching and learning topic by introducing the learning objectives of this period. Step 2 Discovering useful structures Activity 2 Discovering the structures 1. Read the sentences and pay attention to the italicised infinitives. Find more infinitives in the reading passage. In pairs, discuss their meanings and functions. 1) To change bad habits is never easy. 2) It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mother’s lung surgery. 3) To join the People’s Liberation Army, it is required for men to shave off their beards. 4) It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night. Function of the infinitives: used as the subject. More infinitives used as the subject in the reading passage: However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits. 2. Learn about the new words. 1) surgeon n.外科医生 physician n. 医生，内科医生 2) surgery n.外科手术 3) liberation n. 解放the People’s Liberation Army 人民解放军 4) shave off 剃掉，刮掉 5) beard n. 胡须 6) disturb vt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼 disturbed adj. 焦虑的，烦恼的 disturbing adj.令人不安的，引起恐慌的 e.g. We watched it from a distance, not wanting to disturb it or scare off its mother. 我们远远地看看它，不想打扰它或吓跑它的妈妈。 He always disturbed others during the exam and copied from them. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Her deep thoughts and happiness were disturbed by the footsteps coming towards her. Step 3 Learning about the structures Activity 3 Learning about the structures—Infinitives as the subject Get the students to read the grammar explanations in RB or Appendix by themselves and complete the exercises in RB in advance. In class, guide the students to learn about the grammar item. 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，没有人称和数的变化，在句中可以作主语(有名词和代词的作用)，通常表示具体的、特定的行为。 I. 动词不定式作主语的基本用法 1. 动词不定式表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。表示单一概念的动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 e.g. To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。 To get up early is necessary. 早起是必要的。 To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society. 学习一项技能对社会上的每个人都很重要。 To finish the building in a month is difficult. 要在一个月内完成这座建筑是困难的。 To promote the elderly people’s welfare is the purpose of the project. 该项目的目的是提升老年人的福利。 To have a positive attitude is wise when we are let down. 当遭遇挫折时，怀有积极的态度是很明智的。 2. 当作主语的动词不定式短语较长，谓语较短时，常用it作形式主语放在句首，而将真正的主语—不定式放到谓语的后面。常用于下列句式中： (1) It + be +名词(词组) + to do... e.g. But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.但无论你何时旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。 (2) It + be +形容词+(for/of sb.) + to do...。注意：①该句式结构中for sb.前常用表示事物的特征、特点的形容词，如easy、hard、difficult、interesting、impossible等。②of sb.前一般用表示人物的性格、品德及主观感情或态度的形容词，如good、kind、nice、clever、foolish、right等。 e.g. It’s not easy to work out the problem.=To work out the problem is not easy. 计算出这道题不容易。 It is interesting to play with snow in winter. 冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。 It’s very kind of you to help me with the work. 你帮助我做这项工作，真是太好了。 It was rude of the boy to jump the queue! 那个男孩插队真是太无礼了! (3) It takes/costs/requires/makes sb./sth....to do... e.g. If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph. 如果火车行驶一英里需要53秒，你的时速是67.92英里。 3. 动词不定式与疑问词who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how等连用构成不定式短语，也可作主语。 e.g. How to use the computer is the question. 如何使用计算机是个问题。 Where to go has not been decided. 去哪儿还没有定下来。 How to get along well with others is the second thing you should learn. 如何与别人友好相处是你应该学会的第二项。 II动词不定式与动名词作主语的区别 1. 动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而动词不定式作主语表示具体动作。 e.g. Miss Johnson thinks being with children is the best part of her job. 约翰逊小姐认为和孩子在一起是她工作中最棒的部分。 In his opinion, to be with children is the best part of this activity. 在他看来，与孩子们在一起是这项活动的最佳部分。 2. 动名词作主语时，通常用来表示一件已知的事或经验；动词不定式通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 e.g. It is widely known that smoking is harmful to health. 众所周知，吸烟有害健康。 To finish the task will take a long time. 完成这项任务将要花费很长时间。 3. 常用动名词作真正的主语，it作形式主语的句型有：It’s no good (use, fun, help) doing...；It’s a waste of time doing...等。 e.g. It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It is no help taking this medicine. 服用这种药没有用。 注意：如果该句型中用了for引出动作的逻辑主语，就只能用不定式。 It is no good for us to do that exercise. 我们做那种练习没有好处。 Step 4 Using the structures Activity 4 Using the structures (exercises in the textbook) 1. Join the words to make full sentences, and then join the sentences to make a paragraph. You can add your own sentences if necessary to make your paragraph more meaningful. Go through the new words. cigarette n.香烟；卷烟 specialist n.专科医生；专家 consultant n. 顾问；高级顾问医师 drug n. 毒品；药物 skip vt. 跳过；不参加；略过；悄悄溜走 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n. 蹦跳 Check the answers. 1) It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking. 2) It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet for you. 3) It is useful to turn to the fitness consultant for advice. 4) It is dangerous to take illegal drugs. 5) It is harmful to skip breakfast (too) often. Sample paragraphs. To get healthy and get rid of bad habits, sometimes it is also a good idea to get professional help. It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you. It is also useful to turn to a fitness consultant for advice. You can also help yourself with some common sense. For example, it is harmful to skip breakfast too often. It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking. And, of course, it is dangerous to take illegal drugs too. 2. Go through the phrases, complete the conversations with the correct forms of the phrases in the box, check the answers and the read the conversations to reconstruct the text. Answers: be in control of, decide on, begin with, making choices, make up my mind Activity 5 Using the structures (exercises in the reference book) Complete the grammar exercises in the reference book and check the answers. Step 5 Evaluation and summary Activity 6 Self-evaluation Guide the students to reflect on their learning of this period by considering the following aspects. 1. How is your mastery of the use of infinitives as the subject? (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor) 2. What are your problems with the use of infinitives as the subject? Activity 7 Summary (The teacher) Guide the students to summarize the use of infinitives as the subject and the words and phrases learned in this period. Homework: Complete the (grammar) exercises in RB and TB. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $