Unit 8 Period 1 Topic talk& Lesson 1 (分层作业）英语北师大版选择性必修第三册.

Unit 8 Period 1 Topic talk & Lesson 1 分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 ( 1 / 9 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 答案 1. submit an application 2. stare at 3. glare at 4. catch a glimpse of 5. gaze at 6. blank 7. set aside 8. It makes no sense to do sth. 9. make sense 10. be forgotten / slip one's mind 11. believe firmly 12. disbelieve / in disbelief 13. step by step 14. make up one's mind (to do sth.) 15. keep...in mind / remember sth. 16. occur to sb. / come to mind suddenly 17. It is the first time that sb. (has/have) done sth. 18. It's time (for sb.) to do sth. 19. There was a time when... 20. devote oneself to... / focus on... / concentrate on... 21. guess lantern riddles 22. in a... tone (of voice) 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 答案： 1. fable 2. poet 3. belief 4. recite 5. detective 6. mysterious 7. register 8. contradictory 9. structure 10. inch by inch 三、单句语法填空。 答案 1. setting 2. tone 3. being absorbed 4. historical 5. submitted 6. dramatic 7. logical 8. disbelief 9. literary 10. sense 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 答案 1. stared at 2. set aside 3. it makes no sense 4. occurred to me that 5. made up her mind 6. in a serious tone (of voice) 7. devote oneself to 8. keep in mind 9. It's time to 10. caught a glimpse of 五、语法填空 答案 1. genres（genre 为可数名词，前有 two，用复数形式） 2. setting（形容词 vivid 修饰名词，set 的名词形式 setting 表 “(作品) 背景”，高频考点） 3. absorbing（形容词作宾语补足语，absorbing 表 “引人入胜的”，修饰事物） 4. when（定语从句引导词，先行词为 time，在从句中作时间状语，用 when） 5. dramatic（形容词修饰名词 changes，drama 的形容词形式 dramatic 表 “巨大的；戏剧性的”） 6. logically（副词修饰动词 think，logic 的副词形式 logically 表 “合乎逻辑地”） 7. in（固定搭配 keep...in mind，表 “记住……”，高频短语） 8. makes（客观真理用一般现在时，主语为 It，谓语动词用第三人称单数） 9. tone（固定搭配 in a...tone，表 “以…… 的语气”，可数名词单数） 10. devote（定语从句谓语，先行词为 people，时态为一般现在时，用动词原形） 六、阅读理解 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 【知识点】说明文、可持续农业 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕有机农业能否养活全球人口这一话题，分析有机农业的优势与不足，并探讨有机与传统农业融合、减少食物浪费等务实的农业发展方向。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Organic farming, which bans most synthetic chemicals, is often portrayed as the green solution. A nine-year study by the Rodale Institute found that advanced organic plots increased soil carbon by 21% and used 45% less energy per tonne of grain than conventional fields. Healthier soil also traps water, cutting irrigation demand by 15% during drought years. “What we are seeing is a more resilient system,” says lead researcher Dr. Jennifer Newton.(禁止使用大多数合成化学品的有机农业通常被视为绿色解决方案。罗代尔研究所一项为期九年的研究发现，与传统田地相比，先进的有机地块土壤碳含量增加了21%，每吨谷物的能耗降低了45%。更健康的土壤还能储存水分，在干旱年份将灌溉需求减少15%。首席研究员詹妮弗·牛顿博士说：“我们看到的是一个更具韧性的系统。”)”可推断，有机农业的核心目标是建立一个更具韧性、能改善生态平衡和土壤健康的农业系统。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The FAO estimates that 32% of all food produced is lost or thrown away. If consumer waste in rich countries were cut by just half, the calories saved would equal the entire organic shortfall projected for 2050.(粮农组织估计，所有生产的食物中有32%被损失或丢弃。如果富裕国家的消费者浪费减少一半，节省的热量将相当于2050年预计的全部有机农业产量缺口)”可知，根据粮农组织的数据，如果富裕国家将其消费者食物浪费减半，节省的热量可以抵消2050年预计的有机农业产量缺口。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In the Netherlands, “hybrid” farms plant organic cover crops to build soil, then apply carefully dosed mineral fertiliser at key growth stages.(在荷兰，“混合式”农场种植有机覆盖作物来改良土壤，然后在关键生长阶段施用精确剂量的矿物肥料)”可知，荷兰农场正在测试的混合种植方式是种植有机覆盖作物并配合针对性的矿物肥料。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Such integration is emerging. The model is not perfect, but it suggests the future of farming may be neither purely organic nor purely chemical, but a pragmatic blend — provided consumers are willing to pay 5-7% more at the checkout.(这种融合正在兴起。这种模式并不完美，但它表明农业的未来可能既不是纯粹的有机农业，也不是纯粹的化学农业，而是一种务实的融合——前提是消费者愿意在结账时多支付5%-7%的费用)”可推断，作者认为农业未来虽不完美，但有可行的融合模式，语气是充满希望且务实的。故选A项。 七、七选五 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．A 【知识点】方法/策略 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何更好地管理情绪给出了三个方法。 1．根据上文“Ever reacted to a situation in a way you later regretted? We all have. When we lack emotional intelligence, it can cost us relationships, both at work and in our personal lives.(你是否曾经对某件事做出过事后后悔的反应？我们都有。当我们缺乏情商时，无论是在工作中还是在个人生活中，它都会让我们失去人际关系)”以及后文“So how can we do that? In this post, I uncover three simple yet science- backed strategies to help you get started. (我们怎么做呢？在这篇文章中，我揭示了三个简单但有科学依据的策略来帮助你开始)”可知，本句为过渡句，通过上文的引入总结需要情绪管理，后文给出方法。故G选项“学会如何巧妙地管理我们的情绪是在社交上取得成功的关键”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“You can become a positive energizer yourself.(你自己也可以成为一个积极的激励者)”以及后文“Instead, it’s about sincerely connecting with people through modesty, empathy, honesty, integrity, and forgiveness.(相反，它是通过谦虚、同理心、诚实、正直和宽恕与人真诚地建立联系)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，故本句是在说明成为积极的激励者的注意事项。故E选项“这并不意味着强颜欢笑或假笑”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据本段内容“Feeling overwhelmed or stressed? Everyone does at times. Studies by our research team and others show that breathing exercises are one of the quickest and most effective ways to manage emotions in real time. By changing the rate of your inhales (吸气) to exhales (呼气), you can significantly lower your stress levels in minutes.(感到不知所措或压力山大？每个人都有这样的时候。我们的研究团队和其他人的研究表明，呼吸练习是实时管理情绪的最快、最有效的方法之一。通过改变吸气和呼气的频率，你可以在几分钟内显著降低你的压力水平)”可知，本段提出的建议是通过呼吸来调节情绪。故B选项“自我调节你的呼吸”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据上文“By changing the rate of your inhales (吸气) to exhales (呼气), you can significantly lower your stress levels in minutes.(通过改变吸气和呼气的频率，你可以在几分钟内显著降低你的压力水平)”以及后文“When you breathe in, your heart rate speeds up, but when you breathe out, it slows down. To practice, close your eyes and breathe in for a count of four, then breathe out for a count of eight. Repeat this for at least two to five minutes.(当你吸气时，你的心率会加快，但当你呼气时，它会减慢。练习时，闭上眼睛吸气，数到四，然后呼出，数到八。重复这个动作至少2到5分钟)”可知，上文提到了改变吸气和呼气的频率，结合后文的具体步骤可知，本句主要是在说明要延长呼气的时间长度。故C选项“关键是要延长你的呼气时间”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据后文“Notice your state of your body, take note of your thoughts and notice your emotions.(注意你的身体状态，注意你的思想，注意你的情绪)”可知，后文提到注意身体状态、思想和情绪，即多关注自己的内在感受。故A选项“把你的注意力向内转移”符合语境，故选A。 八、完形填空 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 【知识点】夹叙夹议、个人经历、生活故事 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者因雀斑被同学嘲笑，后通过书籍中雀斑角色的激励，逐渐接纳自己，明白外在不足不应限制自身价值的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个午餐时间，我们班正在组队参加比赛。A. following跟随；B. criticizing批评；C. training训练；D. forming组建。根据后文“teams for a competition”以及“No one had chosen me”可知，班级正在为比赛组建队伍，需要挑选成员。故选D。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管我满怀渴望地站在那里，但没人选我。A. eagerly急切地；B. silently默默地；C. calmly平静地；D. joyfully快乐地。根据前文“No one had chosen me”体现的失落感可知，此处是指作者急切地希望被选入队伍。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，一个同学喊道：“别选她，她形象很糟糕！”A. figure身材；B. image形象；C. grade分数；D. strength力量。根据后文“more about how you look”可知，同学嘲笑的是作者的外在形象，因雀斑觉得她形象不好。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我意识到，有些人更在意你的外表，而不是你真正的为人。A. ask询问；B. chat聊天；C. care在意；D. argue争论。根据后文“more about how you look”以及前面同学因作者长雀斑拒绝选她入队伍可知，此处是指一些人更在意外表，care about是固定短语，意为“在意”。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我因为雀斑被挑出来而感到受伤。A. picked挑选；B. singled挑出；C. spelled拼写；D. marked标记。根据前文“Don’t choose her, she has a terrible ____”可知，作者因雀斑被单独挑出来嘲笑且拒绝选她入队伍，single out是固定短语，意为“挑出”。故选B。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我在书架上看到了朱迪・布鲁姆的《雀斑果汁》。A. blog博客；B. website网站；C. shelf书架；D. application应用。根据前文“Brooklyn Public Library”以及“Judy Blume’s Freckle Juice”可知，图书馆里的书会放在书架上。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：封面上有一个男孩，脸上用紫色记号笔画着雀斑。A. drawn画；B. pressed按；C. shone闪耀；D. stuck粘贴。根据后文“with a purple marker”可知，雀斑是用记号笔画在封面上的。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道为什么有人要在他脸上画雀斑。A. questioned质疑；B. guessed猜测；C. explored探索；D. wondered想知道。根据后文“why someone had put freckles on his face”以及作者自身因雀斑被嘲笑的经历可知，作者会好奇为什么有人要在书中角色脸上画雀斑。故选D。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他故事为我提供了更多有雀斑的有用榜样。A. creative有创造力的；B. helpful有用的；C. outgoing外向的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“role models”以及“watching or reading these ____ made me feel less lonely”可知，这些有雀斑的角色对作者有帮助，让她不再那么孤独。故选B。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我最终找到了能与之产生共鸣的人。A. compete with与……竞争；B. work with与……合作；C. talk to与……交谈；D. relate to与……产生共鸣。根据前文“Anne from Anne of Green Gables had red hair and freckles, and she disliked her hair too.”可知，安妮和作者一样有外在的小缺点，作者能与她产生共鸣。故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：著名女演员梅利莎・吉尔伯特脸上也有斑点。A. spots斑点；B. smiles微笑；C. dirt灰尘；D. sweat汗水。根据前文前文“Anne from Anne of Green Gables had red hair and freckles”以及“Melissa Gilbert, a famous actress, also had ____ on her face”可知，此处是指梅利莎・吉尔伯特脸上也有类似雀斑的斑点。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：观看或阅读这些角色让我感觉不那么孤独。A. characters角色；B. challenges挑战；C. performances表演；D. achievements成就。根据前文“I saw Judy Blume’s Freckle Juice on a (n) ____. The cover had a boy with freckles”以及“Anne from Anne of Green Gables had red hair and freckles”可知，《雀斑果汁》封面上的男孩、《绿山墙的安妮》中的安妮等都是指书中有雀斑的人物角色。故选A。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们坚强而美丽，不符合好莱坞狭隘的审美标准。A. wide-range广泛的；B. short-term短期的；C. narrow狭隘的；D. previous以前的。根据“not fitting”以及好莱坞通常追求完美外表可知，此处是指好莱坞狭隘的审美标准。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了每个人可能都有一些不安全感，但它们不必限制我们。A. diseases疾病；B. disagreements分歧；C. inabilities无能；D. insecurities不安全感。根据前文“I was hurt by being ___ out for my freckles.”可知，作者因雀斑被嘲笑而受伤，这是一种因外在不足产生的不安全感。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可能不漂亮，但我可以聪明且有创造力——就像我钦佩的榜样一样。A. imagined想象；B. admired钦佩；C. recommended推荐；D. set设置。根据前文“Other stories offered me more ____ role models with freckles.”以及“made me feel less lonely”可知，这些有雀斑的角色帮助作者走出困境，作者钦佩这些榜样。故选B。 $Unit 8 Period 1 Topic talk & Lesson 1 分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. ( 1 / 9 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 提交一份申请___________ 2. 盯着，凝视___________ 3. 凝视___________ 4. 怒视___________ 5. 瞥见___________ 6. 变得空白___________ 7. 把... 放到一边；省出___________ 8. 有意义___________ 9. 做... 没有意义___________ 10. 被遗忘___________ 11. 坚信___________ 12. 不信___________ 13. 一步一步，缓慢而谨慎___________ 14. 下定决心 (去做)___________ 15. 记住…___________ 16. 突然想起___________ 17. 某人第一次做某事___________ 18. 到了 (某人) 做…… 的时候了___________ 19. 那是 / 曾有一段…… 的时期___________ 20. 专心致志于……___________ 21. 猜灯谜___________ 22. 以... 的语调__________ 答案 1. submit an application 2. stare at 3. glare at 4. catch a glimpse of 5. gaze at 6. blank 7. set aside 8. It makes no sense to do sth. 9. make sense 10. be forgotten / slip one's mind 11. believe firmly 12. disbelieve / in disbelief 13. step by step 14. make up one's mind (to do sth.) 15. keep...in mind / remember sth. 16. occur to sb. / come to mind suddenly 17. It is the first time that sb. (has/have) done sth. 18. It's time (for sb.) to do sth. 19. There was a time when... 20. devote oneself to... / focus on... / concentrate on... 21. guess lantern riddles 22. in a... tone (of voice) 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. This story is a popular ________ (寓言) that teaches children a good lesson. 2. The ________ (诗人) won the Nobel Prize for his excellent poems last year. 3. She has a strong ________ (信念) that she will achieve her dream one day. 4. We should ________ (背诵) some classic poems to improve our language ability. 5. The ________ (侦探) found the key clue and solved the case quickly. 6. It is a ________ (神秘的) place that few people have ever visited. 7. You need to ________ (注册) your name before you take part in the competition. 8. His words were so ________ (矛盾的) that no one believed what he said. 9. The ________ (结构) of the article is clear and easy to understand. 10. He walked ________ (一步一步地) towards the door because his leg was hurt. 答案： 1. fable 2. poet 3. belief 4. recite 5. detective 6. mysterious 7. register 8. contradictory 9. structure 10. inch by inch 三、单句语法填空。 1. The novel is set in a small town and its _______ (set) is full of local customs. 2. He spoke in a calm _______ (tone) to calm down the excited crowd. 3. After _______ (absorb) in the book, he didn't notice the time passing by. 4. It is _______ (history) fact that this city was founded in the Tang Dynasty. 5. She _______ (submit) her application to the company last week but hasn't got a reply yet. 6. The _______ (drama) change in the weather surprised all the mountain climbers. 7. We need to think in a _______ (logic) way to solve this difficult problem. 8. He stared at me in _______ (disbelieve) when I told him the news. 9. The _______ (literary) works of Lu Xun have influenced generations of Chinese people. 10. It makes no _______ (sense) to argue with someone who doesn't listen to reason. 答案 1. setting 2. tone 3. being absorbed 4. historical 5. submitted 6. dramatic 7. logical 8. disbelief 9. literary 10. sense 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 他盯着黑板，完全没注意到老师已经走到他身边。 He ________________________ the blackboard and didn't notice the teacher walk up to him at all. 2. 我们应该每天留出一些时间来阅读经典文学作品。 We should ________________________ some time every day to read classic literary works. 3. 不要和他争论了，跟一个不讲理的人争论是没有意义的。 Don't argue with him, ________________________ to argue with someone who is unreasonable. 4. 我突然想到我忘记给妈妈买生日礼物了。 It suddenly ________________________ I had forgotten to buy a birthday gift for my mom. 5. 她下定决心要在这个学期努力学习，赶上同班同学。 She ________________________ to study hard this term to catch up with her classmates. 6. 他说话的语气很严肃，让我们都意识到了问题的严重性。 He spoke ________________________ that made us all realize the seriousness of the problem. 7. 真正的友谊是全身心投入彼此，分享快乐和悲伤。 True friendship is to ________________________ each other and share joys and sorrows. 8. 直到看到那张老照片，我才想起童年时的那段美好时光。 I didn't ________________________ the happy time in my childhood until I saw the old photo. 9. 是时候采取行动来保护我们赖以生存的自然环境了。 ________________________ take action to protect the natural environment we live on. 10. 我在人群中瞥见了一个熟悉的身影，但一转眼就消失了。 I ________________________ a familiar figure in the crowd, but it disappeared in a flash. 答案 1. stared at 2. set aside 3. it makes no sense 4. occurred to me that 5. made up her mind 6. in a serious tone (of voice) 7. devote oneself to 8. keep in mind 9. It's time to 10. caught a glimpse of 五、语法填空 Fiction and poetry are two important 1_______ (genre) of world literature. A good literary work usually has a vivid 2_______ (set) and a tight plot structure. Many poets and novelists write with deep feelings, making their works so 3_______ (absorb) that readers get totally lost in them. There was a time 4_______ people preferred adventure stories and detective novels. These works often have 5_______ (drama) changes and mysterious plots, which always keep readers guessing. Some stories even teach readers to think 6_______ (logic) and tell right from wrong. When reading, we should set aside some time to recite classic sentences and keep them 7_______ mind. It 8_______ (make) no sense to just read without thinking. We should also submit our reading notes to teachers regularly, as their advice can help us understand literary works better. Once, a famous writer said in a calm 9_______ (tone) that literature is the light of the soul. This belief has influenced many people, who 10_______ (devote) themselves to reading and writing all the time. 答案 1. genres（genre 为可数名词，前有 two，用复数形式） 2. setting（形容词 vivid 修饰名词，set 的名词形式 setting 表 “(作品) 背景”，高频考点） 3. absorbing（形容词作宾语补足语，absorbing 表 “引人入胜的”，修饰事物） 4. when（定语从句引导词，先行词为 time，在从句中作时间状语，用 when） 5. dramatic（形容词修饰名词 changes，drama 的形容词形式 dramatic 表 “巨大的；戏剧性的”） 6. logically（副词修饰动词 think，logic 的副词形式 logically 表 “合乎逻辑地”） 7. in（固定搭配 keep...in mind，表 “记住……”，高频短语） 8. makes（客观真理用一般现在时，主语为 It，谓语动词用第三人称单数） 9. tone（固定搭配 in a...tone，表 “以…… 的语气”，可数名词单数） 10. devote（定语从句谓语，先行词为 people，时态为一般现在时，用动词原形） 六、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·广东江门·期中）The debate over whether organic farming can feed the planet is no longer academic. According to the UN, food output must rise 50% by 2050, yet agriculture already emits 24% of global greenhouse gases. How to grow more while polluting less is the question. Organic farming, which bans most synthetic chemicals, is often portrayed as the green solution. A nine-year study by the Rodale Institute found that advanced organic plots increased soil carbon by 21% and used 45% less energy per tonne of grain than conventional fields. Healthier soil also traps water, cutting irrigation demand by 15% during drought years. “What we are seeing is a more resilient system,” says lead researcher Dr. Jennifer Newton. The main drawback is yield. Meta-analysis published in Nature shows organic fields produce on average 19% fewer tonnes of wheat or maize per hectare. Closing this gap is now the target of dozens of breeding programmes. New high-yield organic varieties have already narrowed the deficit to 8% in Swiss trials, but seeds cost 30% more. Waste offers another lever. The FAO estimates that 32% of all food produced is lost or thrown away. If consumer waste in rich countries were cut by just half, the calories saved would equal the entire organic shortfall projected for 2050. “We don’t need to choose between organic and conventional — we need to integrate both and stop wasting,” argues Newton. Such integration is emerging. In the Netherlands, “hybrid” farms plant organic cover crops to build soil, then apply carefully dosed mineral fertiliser at key growth stages. Early results show yields match fully conventional fields while carbon emissions fall 28%. The model is not perfect, but it suggests the future of farming may be neither purely organic nor purely chemical, but a pragmatic blend — provided consumers are willing to pay 5-7% more at the checkout. 1．What does the author imply is the central goal of organic farming in the passage? A．To achieve immediate maximum grain output at any cost. B．To build a resilient agricultural system that enhances ecological balance and soil health. C．To eliminate all mineral fertilizers worldwide by 2030. D．To convert forest land into high-yield organic fields. 2．What can be inferred if rich countries halved their consumer food waste, according to the FAO data cited? A．Organic farming would become obsolete overnight. B．The calories saved could offset the projected organic yield shortfall for 2050. C．Global agricultural emissions would drop to zero. D．Mineral fertilizer prices would fall by 30%. 3．Which hybrid practice is being tested in Dutch farms? A．Planting organic cover crops plus targeted mineral fertilizer. B．Using only recycled water for irrigation. C．Growing genetically modified crops without chemicals. D．Eliminating all mechanised harvesting. 4．Which best describes the author’s tone toward the future of farming? A．Hopeful and practical. B．entirely negative. C．Overly romantic. D．Indifferent and neutral. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 【知识点】说明文、可持续农业 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕有机农业能否养活全球人口这一话题，分析有机农业的优势与不足，并探讨有机与传统农业融合、减少食物浪费等务实的农业发展方向。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Organic farming, which bans most synthetic chemicals, is often portrayed as the green solution. A nine-year study by the Rodale Institute found that advanced organic plots increased soil carbon by 21% and used 45% less energy per tonne of grain than conventional fields. Healthier soil also traps water, cutting irrigation demand by 15% during drought years. “What we are seeing is a more resilient system,” says lead researcher Dr. Jennifer Newton.(禁止使用大多数合成化学品的有机农业通常被视为绿色解决方案。罗代尔研究所一项为期九年的研究发现，与传统田地相比，先进的有机地块土壤碳含量增加了21%，每吨谷物的能耗降低了45%。更健康的土壤还能储存水分，在干旱年份将灌溉需求减少15%。首席研究员詹妮弗·牛顿博士说：“我们看到的是一个更具韧性的系统。”)”可推断，有机农业的核心目标是建立一个更具韧性、能改善生态平衡和土壤健康的农业系统。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The FAO estimates that 32% of all food produced is lost or thrown away. If consumer waste in rich countries were cut by just half, the calories saved would equal the entire organic shortfall projected for 2050.(粮农组织估计，所有生产的食物中有32%被损失或丢弃。如果富裕国家的消费者浪费减少一半，节省的热量将相当于2050年预计的全部有机农业产量缺口)”可知，根据粮农组织的数据，如果富裕国家将其消费者食物浪费减半，节省的热量可以抵消2050年预计的有机农业产量缺口。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In the Netherlands, “hybrid” farms plant organic cover crops to build soil, then apply carefully dosed mineral fertiliser at key growth stages.(在荷兰，“混合式”农场种植有机覆盖作物来改良土壤，然后在关键生长阶段施用精确剂量的矿物肥料)”可知，荷兰农场正在测试的混合种植方式是种植有机覆盖作物并配合针对性的矿物肥料。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Such integration is emerging. The model is not perfect, but it suggests the future of farming may be neither purely organic nor purely chemical, but a pragmatic blend — provided consumers are willing to pay 5-7% more at the checkout.(这种融合正在兴起。这种模式并不完美，但它表明农业的未来可能既不是纯粹的有机农业，也不是纯粹的化学农业，而是一种务实的融合——前提是消费者愿意在结账时多支付5%-7%的费用)”可推断，作者认为农业未来虽不完美，但有可行的融合模式，语气是充满希望且务实的。故选A项。 七、七选五 （24-25高二上·湖北·月考）Ever reacted to a situation in a way you later regretted? We all have. When we lack emotional intelligence, it can cost us relationships, both at work and in our personal lives. 1 So how can we do that? In this post, I uncover three simple yet science- backed strategies to help you get started. Form connections with micro- moments of upliftment Have you ever noticed how some people leave you feeling exhausted while others make you feel energized and positive? The difference often lies in whether you’ re interacting with a“ positive energizer” — someone who understands the power of small uplifting moments. You can become a positive energizer yourself. 2   Instead, it’s about sincerely connecting with people through modesty, empathy, honesty, integrity, and forgiveness. 3 Feeling overwhelmed or stressed? Everyone does at times. Studies by our research team and others show that breathing exercises are one of the quickest and most effective ways to manage emotions in real time. By changing the rate of your inhales (吸气) to exhales (呼气), you can significantly lower your stress levels in minutes. 4 When you breathe in, your heart rate speeds up, but when you breathe out, it slows down. To practice, close your eyes and breathe in for a count of four, then breathe out for a count of eight. Repeat this for at least two to five minutes. Tap into your self- awareness Have you ever reacted to a situation at work in a way you weren’t proud of? No matter how successful we may be, we all struggle with managing our emotions at times and suffer the consequences afterward. Self- awareness is vital for managing your reactions and improving your relationships. It’s about tuning into what’s happening in your mind and body — taking a moment to reflect and ask yourself“ What do I need right now?” Sit down and close your eyes. 5 Notice your state of your body, take note of your thoughts and notice your emotions. A．Bring your attention inward. B．Self- regulate with your breath. C．The key is to extend your exhalations. D．Manage your emotional intelligence wisely. E．This doesn’t mean forcing cheerfulness or wearing a fake smile. F．Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify, assess and control the emotions of yourself. G．Learning how to manage our emotions skillfully is critical to being socially successful. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．A 【知识点】方法/策略 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何更好地管理情绪给出了三个方法。 1．根据上文“Ever reacted to a situation in a way you later regretted? We all have. When we lack emotional intelligence, it can cost us relationships, both at work and in our personal lives.(你是否曾经对某件事做出过事后后悔的反应？我们都有。当我们缺乏情商时，无论是在工作中还是在个人生活中，它都会让我们失去人际关系)”以及后文“So how can we do that? In this post, I uncover three simple yet science- backed strategies to help you get started. (我们怎么做呢？在这篇文章中，我揭示了三个简单但有科学依据的策略来帮助你开始)”可知，本句为过渡句，通过上文的引入总结需要情绪管理，后文给出方法。故G选项“学会如何巧妙地管理我们的情绪是在社交上取得成功的关键”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“You can become a positive energizer yourself.(你自己也可以成为一个积极的激励者)”以及后文“Instead, it’s about sincerely connecting with people through modesty, empathy, honesty, integrity, and forgiveness.(相反，它是通过谦虚、同理心、诚实、正直和宽恕与人真诚地建立联系)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，故本句是在说明成为积极的激励者的注意事项。故E选项“这并不意味着强颜欢笑或假笑”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据本段内容“Feeling overwhelmed or stressed? Everyone does at times. Studies by our research team and others show that breathing exercises are one of the quickest and most effective ways to manage emotions in real time. By changing the rate of your inhales (吸气) to exhales (呼气), you can significantly lower your stress levels in minutes.(感到不知所措或压力山大？每个人都有这样的时候。我们的研究团队和其他人的研究表明，呼吸练习是实时管理情绪的最快、最有效的方法之一。通过改变吸气和呼气的频率，你可以在几分钟内显著降低你的压力水平)”可知，本段提出的建议是通过呼吸来调节情绪。故B选项“自我调节你的呼吸”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据上文“By changing the rate of your inhales (吸气) to exhales (呼气), you can significantly lower your stress levels in minutes.(通过改变吸气和呼气的频率，你可以在几分钟内显著降低你的压力水平)”以及后文“When you breathe in, your heart rate speeds up, but when you breathe out, it slows down. To practice, close your eyes and breathe in for a count of four, then breathe out for a count of eight. Repeat this for at least two to five minutes.(当你吸气时，你的心率会加快，但当你呼气时，它会减慢。练习时，闭上眼睛吸气，数到四，然后呼出，数到八。重复这个动作至少2到5分钟)”可知，上文提到了改变吸气和呼气的频率，结合后文的具体步骤可知，本句主要是在说明要延长呼气的时间长度。故C选项“关键是要延长你的呼气时间”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据后文“Notice your state of your body, take note of your thoughts and notice your emotions.(注意你的身体状态，注意你的思想，注意你的情绪)”可知，后文提到注意身体状态、思想和情绪，即多关注自己的内在感受。故A选项“把你的注意力向内转移”符合语境，故选A。 八、完形填空 （25-26高一上·甘肃兰州·期中）I was in a primary school in Brooklyn when I first noticed my freckles (雀斑). One lunchtime, my class was 1 teams for a competition. No one had chosen me, although I 2 stood there. Suddenly, one classmate shouted, “Don’t choose her, she has a terrible 3 !” I felt ashamed. That’s when I realized some people 4 more about how you look than who you really are. I was hurt by being 5 out for my freckles. Two years later, when I was eight, I visited the Brooklyn Public Library. There, I saw Judy Blume’s Freckle Juice on a (n) 6 . The cover had a boy with freckles 7 on his face with a purple marker. I 8 why someone had put freckles on his face. Other stories offered me more 9 role models with freckles. Anne from Anne of Green Gables had red hair and freckles, and she disliked her hair too. I eventually found someone I could 10 . Melissa Gilbert, a famous actress, also had 11 on her face. She was active, brave, and smart. Watching or reading about these 12 made me feel less lonely. They were strong and beautiful, not fitting Hollywood’s 13 standards of beauty. I learned everyone may have some 14 , but they don’t have to limit us. I might not be beautiful, but I could be smart and creative — just like the role models I 15 . 1．A．following B．criticizing C．training D．forming 2．A．eagerly B．silently C．calmly D．joyfully 3．A．figure B．image C．grade D．strength 4．A．ask B．chat C．care D．argue 5．A．picked B．singled C．spelled D．marked 6．A．blog B．website C．shelf D．application 7．A．drawn B．pressed C．shone D．stuck 8．A．questioned B．guessed C．explored D．wondered 9．A．creative B．helpful C．outgoing D．curious 10．A．compete with B．work with C．talk to D．relate to 11．A．spots B．smiles C．dirt D．sweat 12．A．characters B．challenges C．performances D．achievements 13．A．wide-range B．short-term C．narrow D．previous 14．A．diseases B．disagreements C．inabilities D．insecurities 15．A．imagined B．admired C．recommended D．set 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 【知识点】夹叙夹议、个人经历、生活故事 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者因雀斑被同学嘲笑，后通过书籍中雀斑角色的激励，逐渐接纳自己，明白外在不足不应限制自身价值的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个午餐时间，我们班正在组队参加比赛。A. following跟随；B. criticizing批评；C. training训练；D. forming组建。根据后文“teams for a competition”以及“No one had chosen me”可知，班级正在为比赛组建队伍，需要挑选成员。故选D。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管我满怀渴望地站在那里，但没人选我。A. eagerly急切地；B. silently默默地；C. calmly平静地；D. joyfully快乐地。根据前文“No one had chosen me”体现的失落感可知，此处是指作者急切地希望被选入队伍。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，一个同学喊道：“别选她，她形象很糟糕！”A. figure身材；B. image形象；C. grade分数；D. strength力量。根据后文“more about how you look”可知，同学嘲笑的是作者的外在形象，因雀斑觉得她形象不好。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我意识到，有些人更在意你的外表，而不是你真正的为人。A. ask询问；B. chat聊天；C. care在意；D. argue争论。根据后文“more about how you look”以及前面同学因作者长雀斑拒绝选她入队伍可知，此处是指一些人更在意外表，care about是固定短语，意为“在意”。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我因为雀斑被挑出来而感到受伤。A. picked挑选；B. singled挑出；C. spelled拼写；D. marked标记。根据前文“Don’t choose her, she has a terrible ____”可知，作者因雀斑被单独挑出来嘲笑且拒绝选她入队伍，single out是固定短语，意为“挑出”。故选B。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我在书架上看到了朱迪・布鲁姆的《雀斑果汁》。A. blog博客；B. website网站；C. shelf书架；D. application应用。根据前文“Brooklyn Public Library”以及“Judy Blume’s Freckle Juice”可知，图书馆里的书会放在书架上。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：封面上有一个男孩，脸上用紫色记号笔画着雀斑。A. drawn画；B. pressed按；C. shone闪耀；D. stuck粘贴。根据后文“with a purple marker”可知，雀斑是用记号笔画在封面上的。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道为什么有人要在他脸上画雀斑。A. questioned质疑；B. guessed猜测；C. explored探索；D. wondered想知道。根据后文“why someone had put freckles on his face”以及作者自身因雀斑被嘲笑的经历可知，作者会好奇为什么有人要在书中角色脸上画雀斑。故选D。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他故事为我提供了更多有雀斑的有用榜样。A. creative有创造力的；B. helpful有用的；C. outgoing外向的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“role models”以及“watching or reading these ____ made me feel less lonely”可知，这些有雀斑的角色对作者有帮助，让她不再那么孤独。故选B。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我最终找到了能与之产生共鸣的人。A. compete with与……竞争；B. work with与……合作；C. talk to与……交谈；D. relate to与……产生共鸣。根据前文“Anne from Anne of Green Gables had red hair and freckles, and she disliked her hair too.”可知，安妮和作者一样有外在的小缺点，作者能与她产生共鸣。故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：著名女演员梅利莎・吉尔伯特脸上也有斑点。A. spots斑点；B. smiles微笑；C. dirt灰尘；D. sweat汗水。根据前文前文“Anne from Anne of Green Gables had red hair and freckles”以及“Melissa Gilbert, a famous actress, also had ____ on her face”可知，此处是指梅利莎・吉尔伯特脸上也有类似雀斑的斑点。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：观看或阅读这些角色让我感觉不那么孤独。A. characters角色；B. challenges挑战；C. performances表演；D. achievements成就。根据前文“I saw Judy Blume’s Freckle Juice on a (n) ____. The cover had a boy with freckles”以及“Anne from Anne of Green Gables had red hair and freckles”可知，《雀斑果汁》封面上的男孩、《绿山墙的安妮》中的安妮等都是指书中有雀斑的人物角色。故选A。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们坚强而美丽，不符合好莱坞狭隘的审美标准。A. wide-range广泛的；B. short-term短期的；C. narrow狭隘的；D. previous以前的。根据“not fitting”以及好莱坞通常追求完美外表可知，此处是指好莱坞狭隘的审美标准。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了每个人可能都有一些不安全感，但它们不必限制我们。A. diseases疾病；B. disagreements分歧；C. inabilities无能；D. insecurities不安全感。根据前文“I was hurt by being ___ out for my freckles.”可知，作者因雀斑被嘲笑而受伤，这是一种因外在不足产生的不安全感。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可能不漂亮，但我可以聪明且有创造力——就像我钦佩的榜样一样。A. imagined想象；B. admired钦佩；C. recommended推荐；D. set设置。根据前文“Other stories offered me more ____ role models with freckles.”以及“made me feel less lonely”可知，这些有雀斑的角色帮助作者走出困境，作者钦佩这些榜样。故选B。 $Unit 8 Period 1 Topic talk & Lesson 1 分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. ( 1 / 9 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 提交一份申请___________ 2. 盯着，凝视___________ 3. 凝视___________ 4. 怒视___________ 5. 瞥见___________ 6. 变得空白___________ 7. 把... 放到一边；省出___________ 8. 有意义___________ 9. 做... 没有意义___________ 10. 被遗忘___________ 11. 坚信___________ 12. 不信___________ 13. 一步一步，缓慢而谨慎___________ 14. 下定决心 (去做)___________ 15. 记住…___________ 16. 突然想起___________ 17. 某人第一次做某事___________ 18. 到了 (某人) 做…… 的时候了___________ 19. 那是 / 曾有一段…… 的时期___________ 20. 专心致志于……___________ 21. 猜灯谜___________ 22. 以... 的语调__________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. This story is a popular ________ (寓言) that teaches children a good lesson. 2. The ________ (诗人) won the Nobel Prize for his excellent poems last year. 3. She has a strong ________ (信念) that she will achieve her dream one day. 4. We should ________ (背诵) some classic poems to improve our language ability. 5. The ________ (侦探) found the key clue and solved the case quickly. 6. It is a ________ (神秘的) place that few people have ever visited. 7. You need to ________ (注册) your name before you take part in the competition. 8. His words were so ________ (矛盾的) that no one believed what he said. 9. The ________ (结构) of the article is clear and easy to understand. 10. He walked ________ (一步一步地) towards the door because his leg was hurt. 三、单句语法填空。 1. The novel is set in a small town and its _______ (set) is full of local customs. 2. He spoke in a calm _______ (tone) to calm down the excited crowd. 3. After _______ (absorb) in the book, he didn't notice the time passing by. 4. It is _______ (history) fact that this city was founded in the Tang Dynasty. 5. She _______ (submit) her application to the company last week but hasn't got a reply yet. 6. The _______ (drama) change in the weather surprised all the mountain climbers. 7. We need to think in a _______ (logic) way to solve this difficult problem. 8. He stared at me in _______ (disbelieve) when I told him the news. 9. The _______ (literary) works of Lu Xun have influenced generations of Chinese people. 10. It makes no _______ (sense) to argue with someone who doesn't listen to reason. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 他盯着黑板，完全没注意到老师已经走到他身边。 He ________________________ the blackboard and didn't notice the teacher walk up to him at all. 2. 我们应该每天留出一些时间来阅读经典文学作品。 We should ________________________ some time every day to read classic literary works. 3. 不要和他争论了，跟一个不讲理的人争论是没有意义的。 Don't argue with him, ________________________ to argue with someone who is unreasonable. 4. 我突然想到我忘记给妈妈买生日礼物了。 It suddenly ________________________ I had forgotten to buy a birthday gift for my mom. 5. 她下定决心要在这个学期努力学习，赶上同班同学。 She ________________________ to study hard this term to catch up with her classmates. 6. 他说话的语气很严肃，让我们都意识到了问题的严重性。 He spoke ________________________ that made us all realize the seriousness of the problem. 7. 真正的友谊是全身心投入彼此，分享快乐和悲伤。 True friendship is to ________________________ each other and share joys and sorrows. 8. 直到看到那张老照片，我才想起童年时的那段美好时光。 I didn't ________________________ the happy time in my childhood until I saw the old photo. 9. 是时候采取行动来保护我们赖以生存的自然环境了。 ________________________ take action to protect the natural environment we live on. 10. 我在人群中瞥见了一个熟悉的身影，但一转眼就消失了。 I ________________________ a familiar figure in the crowd, but it disappeared in a flash. 五、语法填空 Fiction and poetry are two important 1_______ (genre) of world literature. A good literary work usually has a vivid 2_______ (set) and a tight plot structure. Many poets and novelists write with deep feelings, making their works so 3_______ (absorb) that readers get totally lost in them. There was a time 4_______ people preferred adventure stories and detective novels. These works often have 5_______ (drama) changes and mysterious plots, which always keep readers guessing. Some stories even teach readers to think 6_______ (logic) and tell right from wrong. When reading, we should set aside some time to recite classic sentences and keep them 7_______ mind. It 8_______ (make) no sense to just read without thinking. We should also submit our reading notes to teachers regularly, as their advice can help us understand literary works better. Once, a famous writer said in a calm 9_______ (tone) that literature is the light of the soul. This belief has influenced many people, who 10_______ (devote) themselves to reading and writing all the time. 六、阅读理解 （25-26高二上·广东江门·期中）The debate over whether organic farming can feed the planet is no longer academic. According to the UN, food output must rise 50% by 2050, yet agriculture already emits 24% of global greenhouse gases. How to grow more while polluting less is the question. Organic farming, which bans most synthetic chemicals, is often portrayed as the green solution. A nine-year study by the Rodale Institute found that advanced organic plots increased soil carbon by 21% and used 45% less energy per tonne of grain than conventional fields. Healthier soil also traps water, cutting irrigation demand by 15% during drought years. “What we are seeing is a more resilient system,” says lead researcher Dr. Jennifer Newton. The main drawback is yield. Meta-analysis published in Nature shows organic fields produce on average 19% fewer tonnes of wheat or maize per hectare. Closing this gap is now the target of dozens of breeding programmes. New high-yield organic varieties have already narrowed the deficit to 8% in Swiss trials, but seeds cost 30% more. Waste offers another lever. The FAO estimates that 32% of all food produced is lost or thrown away. If consumer waste in rich countries were cut by just half, the calories saved would equal the entire organic shortfall projected for 2050. “We don’t need to choose between organic and conventional — we need to integrate both and stop wasting,” argues Newton. Such integration is emerging. In the Netherlands, “hybrid” farms plant organic cover crops to build soil, then apply carefully dosed mineral fertiliser at key growth stages. Early results show yields match fully conventional fields while carbon emissions fall 28%. The model is not perfect, but it suggests the future of farming may be neither purely organic nor purely chemical, but a pragmatic blend — provided consumers are willing to pay 5-7% more at the checkout. 1．What does the author imply is the central goal of organic farming in the passage? A．To achieve immediate maximum grain output at any cost. B．To build a resilient agricultural system that enhances ecological balance and soil health. C．To eliminate all mineral fertilizers worldwide by 2030. D．To convert forest land into high-yield organic fields. 2．What can be inferred if rich countries halved their consumer food waste, according to the FAO data cited? A．Organic farming would become obsolete overnight. B．The calories saved could offset the projected organic yield shortfall for 2050. C．Global agricultural emissions would drop to zero. D．Mineral fertilizer prices would fall by 30%. 3．Which hybrid practice is being tested in Dutch farms? A．Planting organic cover crops plus targeted mineral fertilizer. B．Using only recycled water for irrigation. C．Growing genetically modified crops without chemicals. D．Eliminating all mechanised harvesting. 4．Which best describes the author’s tone toward the future of farming? A．Hopeful and practical. B．entirely negative. C．Overly romantic. D．Indifferent and neutral. 七、七选五 （24-25高二上·湖北·月考）Ever reacted to a situation in a way you later regretted? We all have. When we lack emotional intelligence, it can cost us relationships, both at work and in our personal lives. 1 So how can we do that? In this post, I uncover three simple yet science- backed strategies to help you get started. Form connections with micro- moments of upliftment Have you ever noticed how some people leave you feeling exhausted while others make you feel energized and positive? The difference often lies in whether you’ re interacting with a“ positive energizer” — someone who understands the power of small uplifting moments. You can become a positive energizer yourself. 2   Instead, it’s about sincerely connecting with people through modesty, empathy, honesty, integrity, and forgiveness. 3 Feeling overwhelmed or stressed? Everyone does at times. Studies by our research team and others show that breathing exercises are one of the quickest and most effective ways to manage emotions in real time. By changing the rate of your inhales (吸气) to exhales (呼气), you can significantly lower your stress levels in minutes. 4 When you breathe in, your heart rate speeds up, but when you breathe out, it slows down. To practice, close your eyes and breathe in for a count of four, then breathe out for a count of eight. Repeat this for at least two to five minutes. Tap into your self- awareness Have you ever reacted to a situation at work in a way you weren’t proud of? No matter how successful we may be, we all struggle with managing our emotions at times and suffer the consequences afterward. Self- awareness is vital for managing your reactions and improving your relationships. It’s about tuning into what’s happening in your mind and body — taking a moment to reflect and ask yourself“ What do I need right now?” Sit down and close your eyes. 5 Notice your state of your body, take note of your thoughts and notice your emotions. A．Bring your attention inward. B．Self- regulate with your breath. C．The key is to extend your exhalations. D．Manage your emotional intelligence wisely. E．This doesn’t mean forcing cheerfulness or wearing a fake smile. F．Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify, assess and control the emotions of yourself. G．Learning how to manage our emotions skillfully is critical to being socially successful. 八、完形填空 （25-26高一上·甘肃兰州·期中）I was in a primary school in Brooklyn when I first noticed my freckles (雀斑). One lunchtime, my class was 1 teams for a competition. No one had chosen me, although I 2 stood there. Suddenly, one classmate shouted, “Don’t choose her, she has a terrible 3 !” I felt ashamed. That’s when I realized some people 4 more about how you look than who you really are. I was hurt by being 5 out for my freckles. Two years later, when I was eight, I visited the Brooklyn Public Library. There, I saw Judy Blume’s Freckle Juice on a (n) 6 . The cover had a boy with freckles 7 on his face with a purple marker. I 8 why someone had put freckles on his face. Other stories offered me more 9 role models with freckles. Anne from Anne of Green Gables had red hair and freckles, and she disliked her hair too. I eventually found someone I could 10 . Melissa Gilbert, a famous actress, also had 11 on her face. She was active, brave, and smart. Watching or reading about these 12 made me feel less lonely. They were strong and beautiful, not fitting Hollywood’s 13 standards of beauty. I learned everyone may have some 14 , but they don’t have to limit us. I might not be beautiful, but I could be smart and creative — just like the role models I 15 . 1．A．following B．criticizing C．training D．forming 2．A．eagerly B．silently C．calmly D．joyfully 3．A．figure B．image C．grade D．strength 4．A．ask B．chat C．care D．argue 5．A．picked B．singled C．spelled D．marked 6．A．blog B．website C．shelf D．application 7．A．drawn B．pressed C．shone D．stuck 8．A．questioned B．guessed C．explored D．wondered 9．A．creative B．helpful C．outgoing D．curious 10．A．compete with B．work with C．talk to D．relate to 11．A．spots B．smiles C．dirt D．sweat 12．A．characters B．challenges C．performances D．achievements 13．A．wide-range B．short-term C．narrow D．previous 14．A．diseases B．disagreements C．inabilities D．insecurities 15．A．imagined B．admired C．recommended D．set $