词法知识一（冠词、代词、名词）-2026年重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》第1卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026年重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》，由16份专题训练卷与4份综合训练卷组成。试卷通过具象化拆解核心考点、搭建系统知识网络、场景化训练强调知识应用，从而做到降低学习门槛、巩固知识体系、强化实战能力，全方位适配学生备考需求。 本试卷是2026年重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第1卷，为题型专题训练卷，知识点包括词法知识（冠词、代词、名词）。 。 2026年重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第1卷 题型专题训练卷 词法知识（冠词、代词、名词） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 一、单项选择 (共45小题；每小题2分，满分90分) （1）冠词 1. Did you get there by ________ subway? A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】在某些形容词前加定冠词the，表示一类人。the old意为“老年人”。 2.We should take good care of ________ old. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】在某些形容词前加定冠词the，表示一类人。the old意为“老年人”。 3.________ Great Wall is ________ longest wall in the world. A. A; a B. The; the C. A; the D. The; a 【答案】B 【解析】由普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词the；形容词最高级前用定冠词the。 4.Tom has no class on ________ Sunday. A. / B. the C. a D. an 【答案】A 【解析】表示“在星期几”时，表示星期几的名词前不用冠词。 5.There is ________ “o” and ________ “l” in the word “love”． A. a; a B. a; an C. an; an D. an; a 【答案】C 【解析】表示数量“一”应用不定冠词。字母“o”和“l”的发音都以元音音素开头，其前都用不定冠词an。 6. Mary spent half ________ hour finishing her homework. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】表示泛指应用不定冠词。hour的发音以元音音素开头，其前应用不定冠词an。 7.—Do you know ________ inventor? —Yes, he's ________ friend of mine. A. the; a B. an; a C. an; the D. the; the 【答案】A 【解析】说话双方都知道的人、物前用定冠词the；“我的一位朋友”表达为a friend of mine。 8.Mike likes playing ________ basketball, but he doesn't like playing ________ piano at all. A. /; / B. /; the C. the; / D. the; the 【答案】B 【解析】与play连用时，表示球类运动的名词前不用冠词；表示乐器的名词前要用定冠词the。 9.________ Changjiang River is ________ longest river in China. A. The; / B. /; the C. /; / D. The; the 【答案】D 【解析】由普通名词构成的专有名词前要加定冠词the；形容词最高级前用定冠词the，表示“最……的”。 10.China is ________ third largest country in area in the world. A. a B. the C. / D. an 【答案】B 【解析】序数词前用定冠词，表示“第几”。 11.I knew ________ John Lennon, but not ________ famous one. A. /; a B. a; the C. /; the D. the; a 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“我认识一个叫做约翰·列侬的人，但不是著名的那个。”第一空表示泛指，应用不定冠词a；第二空表示特指，应用定冠词the。 12.There is ________ apple in the bag and ________ apple is mine. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; the 【答案】D 【解析】首次出现的单数可数名词前用不定冠词，apple以元音音素开头，前面应用an；再次出现时表特指，前面应用定冠词 the。 13.This is ________ empty bottle. Could you give me ________ full one? A. the; the B. an; a C. a; a D. /; a 【答案】B 【解析】表示泛指应用不定冠词。以元音音素开头的empty前用不定冠词an，以辅音音素开头的full前用不定冠词a。 14. ________ old lady in red is ________ university teacher. A. An; a B. A; / C. The; an D. The; a 【答案】D 【解析】lady有in red 作后置定语，因此是表示特指，前面应用定冠词the；第二个空表泛指，应用不定冠词，且university的发音以辅音音素开头，其前应用a。 15. Lucy always tells her mother that she wants to be ________ doctor in the future. A. / B. an C. the D. a 【答案】D 【解析】表示泛指，应用不定冠词；在辅音音素开头的名词前用不定冠词a。 （2）代词 16. Those girls enjoyed ________ in the party last night. A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself 【答案】C 【解析】enjoy oneself是固定搭配，意为“玩得高兴”。句中主语是Those girls，对应的反身代词应用themselves。 17. —________ are you eating? —I'm eating ________ meat. A. What; some B. Which; any C. Where; not D. Why; no 【答案】A 【解析】句意：“——你在吃什么？——我在吃一些肉。”what 意为“什么”；表示“一些”时，some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句。 18. My father hasn't learned a foreign language. He can speak ________ English ________ French. A. either; or B. both; and C. not only; but also D. neither; nor 【答案】D 【解析】根据前一句“My father hasn't learned a foreign language.”可知，他既不会说英语也不会说法语。neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”。 19. Jack is my friend and Mary is ________ friend. A. he B. he's C. him D. his 【答案】D 【解析】空格后有名词friend，应用形容词性物主代词修饰。 20. I ate all ________ sandwiches yesterday. Can I have one of ________？ A. my; your B. my; yours C. mine; your D. mine; yours 【答案】B 【解析】第一空后有名词 sandwiches，应用形容词性物主代词 my；第二空后没有名词，用名词性物主代词yours。 21.________ saw ________ in the classroom. A. I; him B. Me; he C. I; he D. Me; him 【答案】A 【解析】分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语和动词saw的宾语。通常主格在句中作主语，宾格在动词后作宾语。 22.Of the three foreign guests, one is from London and ________ two are from Sydney. A. other B. the other C. some D. any 【答案】B 【解析】共三人，除一人之外，其余的两人是剩余的全部，应用“one...the other...”结构表示“一个……，另外的……”。 23.—How many birds did you see? —________. A. None B. No one C. Not many ones D. No many 【答案】A 【解析】回答how many或how much的疑问句，要用none表示“一个也没有”。 24.________ saw them playing in the park just now. A. Me B. I C. My D. Mine 【答案】B 【解析】分析句子成分可知，空格处在句中作主语，应用人称代词的主格。 25.To my surprise, his T­shirt is exactly the same as ________. A. me B. I C. my D. mine 【答案】D 【解析】比较的对象是“他的T恤”和“我的T恤”，且句末没有名词，故应用名词性物主代词。 26.—Is this your pen? —No, this is not ________ pen. It's hers. A. me B. I C. myself D. my 【答案】D 【解析】空格后面有名词，应用形容词性物主代词。 27.Tom, welcome to my birthday party. Help ________ to some drink. A. themselves B. myself C. yourself D. himself 【答案】C 【解析】help oneself to sth.是固定搭配，意为“随便吃……”。help的宾语应是说话的对象“你”对应的反身代词yourself。 28.Mr. Black, a friend of ________, likes drawing horses. A. me B. mine C. I D. my 【答案】B 【解析】双重所有格结构为：“a(n)＋名词＋of＋名词性物主代词”，mine为名词性物主代词。 29.We Chinese people are proud of ________ country. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 【答案】C 【解析】句意：“我们中国人为我们的国家感到骄傲。”空格后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词。 30.— Which of the two T-shirts do you want to buy? — _______. I don't like the colors. I want to have a look at others. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Either 【答案】A 【解析】考查不定代词。句意：——这两件T恤你想买哪一件？——______。我不喜欢这些颜色。我想看看其他的。根据答语中的“I don't like the colors”以及“the two T-shirts”可知，说话者对这两件T恤都不喜欢，表示两者都不，应用neither。B项Both表示两者都；C项All表示三者及以上都；D项Either表示两者中的任意一个。 （3） 名词 31.—Lisa, could you help me buy some ________ on your way home? —OK, Mom. A. egg B. beef C. banana D. potato 【答案】B 【解析】some可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，egg、 banana、 potato都是可数名词，应用复数形式，beef意为“牛肉”，是不可数名词， 没有复数形式。 32.I usually eat ________ and drink some milk for breakfast. A. two breads B. two piece of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two bread 【答案】C 【解析】bread是不可数名词，不可数名词的数量用量词来表示，复数形式也在量词上体现。 33.My father often gives me ________. A. some advice B. many advice C. a lot of advices D. a few advice 【答案】A 【解析】advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式，可以用some修饰。many、 a few都只能修饰可数名词。 34.________ weather it is! Let's go fishing. A. What a fine B. How a fine C. What fine D. How fine 【答案】C 【解析】该感叹句的中心词为不可数名词weather，故应用what引导，形容词fine前无冠词。 35. ________ room looks very clean. A. Bob and Dave B. Bob's and Dave's C. Bob's and Dave D. Bob and Dave's 【答案】D 【解析】根据题中room是单数可知，这个房间是鲍勃和戴夫共有的房间，只需在最后一个人名后面加-'s。 36.—How many ________ does a cow have? —Four. A. stomaches B. stomach C. stomachs D. stomachies 【答案】C 【解析】大部分以ch结尾的名词加-es构成复数形式，但stomach例外，直接加-s。 37.Walking along the river, I met a friend of my ________. A. fathers B. father's C. father D. fathers' 【答案】B 【解析】双重所有格中，of后面要用's所有格形式或名词性物主代词。 38.He bought a ________ of trousers. They were expensive. A. pair B. set C. piece D. pile 【答案】A 【解析】trousers意为“裤子”，通常用量词pair来表示数量。a pair of trousers意为“一条裤子”。 39. —Peter, how far is it from your home to school? —It's only five ________ walk. A. minute B. minutes C. minute's D. minutes' 【答案】D 【解析】根据后面的名词walk可知，这里应用名词所有格，five minutes以 s结尾，其所有格则仅加“' ”。 40.The ________ of the buildings are covered with lots of ________. A. roofs; leaves B. rooves; leafs C. roof; leaf D. roofs; leafs 【答案】A 【解析】根据buildings可知，前面的roof应用复数形式roofs；leaf是可数名词，前面有lots of修饰，应用复数形式leaves。 41.I have to stay at home because I have much ________ to do. A. work B. works C. jobs D. job 【答案】A 【解析】much 后接不可数名词，job是可数名词，work是不可数名词。 42.This is a book of ________. A. my B. mine C. I D. myself 【答案】B 【解析】双重所有格中，of后面要用名词性物主代词或's名词所有格。 43.My family ________ dinner now. We're busy. A. prepare B. prepares C. is preparing D. are preparing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“我们一家人正在做晚饭。我们很忙。”结合句意可知，该句使用现在进行时；句中family表示家庭成员，表示复数意义，be动词应用are。 44.I'd like some ________ and ________. A. banana; tomato B. bananas; tomato C. bananas; tomatoes D. banana; tomatoes 【答案】C 【解析】banana的复数形式是在其后直接加-s，tomato的复数形式是在其后加-es。 45. No news ________ good news. A. am B. is C. are D. be 【答案】B 【解析】news是不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 二、词汇拼写 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 46.My brother wants to be ________ (一位) astronaut when he grows up. 【答案】an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：我的哥哥长大后想成为一名宇航员。astronaut以元音音素 /ə/ 开头，应用不定冠词an表示泛指。a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的词前。 47. Could you please lend ________ (我) your pen? Mine is broken. 【答案】me 【解析】考查人称代词的宾格。句意：你能把你的笔借给我吗？我的坏了。动词lend后需接宾语，应用人称代词I的宾格me。 48. There are three ________ (孩子) playing in the park. 【答案】children 【解析】考查名词的复数形式。句意：有三个孩子在公园里玩。数词three后应用名词复数，child的复数形式为不规则变化children，而非childs。 49.This is not my backpack. It's ________ (她的). 【答案】hers 【解析】考查名词性物主代词。这不是我的背包。是她的。空格后无名词，应用名词性物主代词hers单独作表语。her是形容词性物主代词，后需接名词。 50.I invited both Tom and Jerry, but _______ (两者都不) of them came. 【答案】neither 【解析】考查不定代词。句意：我邀请了汤姆和杰瑞，但他们两个都没来。根据汉语提示“两者都不”及后文of them可知，此处应用neither，表示两者中的否定，作主语。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026年重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》，由16份专题训练卷与4份综合训练卷组成。试卷通过具象化拆解核心考点、搭建系统知识网络、场景化训练强调知识应用，从而做到降低学习门槛、巩固知识体系、强化实战能力，全方位适配学生备考需求。 本试卷是2026年重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第1卷，为题型专题训练卷，知识点包括词法知识（冠词、代词、名词）。 。 2026年重庆市（高职分类考试）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第1卷 题型专题训练卷 词法知识（冠词、代词、名词） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 一、单项选择 (共45小题；每小题2分，满分90分) （1）冠词 1. Did you get there by ________ subway? A. a B. an C. the D. / 2.We should take good care of ________ old. A. a B. an C. the D. / 3.________ Great Wall is ________ longest wall in the world. A. A; a B. The; the C. A; the D. The; a 4.Tom has no class on ________ Sunday. A. / B. the C. a D. an 5.There is ________ “o” and ________ “l” in the word “love”． A. a; a B. a; an C. an; an D. an; a 6. Mary spent half ________ hour finishing her homework. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7.—Do you know ________ inventor? —Yes, he's ________ friend of mine. A. the; a B. an; a C. an; the D. the; the 8.Mike likes playing ________ basketball, but he doesn't like playing ________ piano at all. A. /; / B. /; the C. the; / D. the; the 9.________ Changjiang River is ________ longest river in China. A. The; / B. /; the C. /; / D. The; the 10.China is ________ third largest country in area in the world. A. a B. the C. / D. an 11.I knew ________ John Lennon, but not ________ famous one. A. /; a B. a; the C. /; the D. the; a 12.There is ________ apple in the bag and ________ apple is mine. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; the 13.This is ________ empty bottle. Could you give me ________ full one? A. the; the B. an; a C. a; a D. /; a 14. ________ old lady in red is ________ university teacher. A. An; a B. A; / C. The; an D. The; a 15. Lucy always tells her mother that she wants to be ________ doctor in the future. A. / B. an C. the D. a （2）代词 16. Those girls enjoyed ________ in the party last night. A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself 17. —________ are you eating? —I'm eating ________ meat. A. What; some B. Which; any C. Where; not D. Why; no 18. My father hasn't learned a foreign language. He can speak ________ English ________ French. A. either; or B. both; and C. not only; but also D. neither; nor 19. Jack is my friend and Mary is ________ friend. A. he B. he's C. him D. his 20. I ate all ________ sandwiches yesterday. Can I have one of ________？ A. my; your B. my; yours C. mine; your D. mine; yours 21.________ saw ________ in the classroom. A. I; him B. Me; he C. I; he D. Me; him 22.Of the three foreign guests, one is from London and ________ two are from Sydney. A. other B. the other C. some D. any 23.—How many birds did you see? —________. A. None B. No one C. Not many ones D. No many 24.________ saw them playing in the park just now. A. Me B. I C. My D. Mine 25.To my surprise, his T­shirt is exactly the same as ________. A. me B. I C. my D. mine 26.—Is this your pen? —No, this is not ________ pen. It's hers. A. me B. I C. myself D. my 27.Tom, welcome to my birthday party. Help ________ to some drink. A. themselves B. myself C. yourself D. himself 28.Mr. Black, a friend of ________, likes drawing horses. A. me B. mine C. I D. my 29.We Chinese people are proud of ________ country. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 30.— Which of the two T-shirts do you want to buy? — _______. I don't like the colors. I want to have a look at others. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Either （3） 名词 31.—Lisa, could you help me buy some ________ on your way home? —OK, Mom. A. egg B. beef C. banana D. potato 32.I usually eat ________ and drink some milk for breakfast. A. two breads B. two piece of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two bread 33.My father often gives me ________. A. some advice B. many advice C. a lot of advices D. a few advice 34.________ weather it is! Let's go fishing. A. What a fine B. How a fine C. What fine D. How fine 35. ________ room looks very clean. A. Bob and Dave B. Bob's and Dave's C. Bob's and Dave D. Bob and Dave's 36.—How many ________ does a cow have? —Four. A. stomaches B. stomach C. stomachs D. stomachies 37.Walking along the river, I met a friend of my ________. A. fathers B. father's C. father D. fathers' 38.He bought a ________ of trousers. They were expensive. A. pair B. set C. piece D. pile 39. —Peter, how far is it from your home to school? —It's only five ________ walk. A. minute B. minutes C. minute's D. minutes' 40.The ________ of the buildings are covered with lots of ________. A. roofs; leaves B. rooves; leafs C. roof; leaf D. roofs; leafs 41.I have to stay at home because I have much ________ to do. A. work B. works C. jobs D. job 42.This is a book of ________. A. my B. mine C. I D. myself 43.My family ________ dinner now. We're busy. A. prepare B. prepares C. is preparing D. are preparing 44.I'd like some ________ and ________. A. banana; tomato B. bananas; tomato C. bananas; tomatoes D. banana; tomatoes 45. No news ________ good news. A. am B. is C. are D. be 二、词汇拼写 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 46.My brother wants to be ________ (一位) astronaut when he grows up. 47. Could you please lend ________ (我) your pen? Mine is broken. 48. There are three ________ (孩子) playing in the park. 49.This is not my backpack. It's ________ (她的). 50.I invited both Tom and Jerry, but _______ (两者都不) of them came. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $