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教学课件
新人教版八年级上册
Unit 4语法专项——形容词/副词最高级
全解精讲+分层练习
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Unit4核心语法总览
本单元核心掌握形容词/副词最高级这一语法点
重点理解最高级的概念界定、构成规则及核心用法
掌握最高级规则与不规则变形规律,规避变形易错点
学会最高级的基础句式、特殊结构及比较范围的介词搭配
掌握最高级前the的使用规则、主谓一致及与比较级的转换
结合专项练习,夯实基础,提升最高级在语境中的应用能力
最高级核心概念界定
用于三者及以上人或事物之间的比较
描述主体在性质程度数量上的最……特征
分为形容词最高级和副词最高级两大类别
与比较级明确区分,比较级仅用于两者对比
无明确比较范围时,一般不使用最高级形式
规则变化一 单音节词基础变形
一般单音节词直接在词尾加-est
例 tall→tallest fast→fastest hard→hardest
以e结尾的单音节词直接在词尾加-st
例 nice→nicest late→latest fine→finest
单音节副词与形容词变形规则完全一致
规则变化二 单音节词特殊变形
重读闭音节需满足辅+元+辅且重读的条件
此类单词双写尾字母再加-est
例 big→biggest thin→thinnest hot→hottest
辅音+y结尾的单词变y为i后加-est
例 happy→happiest easy→easiest early→earliest
规则变化三 双音节词变形规则
以y/ow/le结尾的双音节词直接加-est
例 pretty→prettiest slow→slowest simple→simplest
多数双音节词需在词前加most构成最高级
例 careful→most careful tired→most tired
双音节副词变形跟随对应形容词的规则
规则变化四 多音节词变形规则
所有多音节词均在词前加most,不加后缀
例 colourful→most colourful beautiful→most beautiful
ly结尾的副词统一加most构成最高级
例 carefully→most carefully quickly→most quickly
多音节词加-est属于错误变形,需重点规避
不规则变化一 核心基础词汇
good/well的最高级形式为best
bad/badly的最高级形式为worst
many/much的最高级形式为most
little的最高级形式为least
此类词汇无后缀变化,需单独熟记掌握
不规则变化二 far的双重变形
far有两个合法的最高级形式farthest和furthest
farthest侧重表示具体距离上的最远
例 She lives the farthest from our school
furthest侧重表示抽象程度上的最远
考试中两者可通用,书写任意一个均为正确
最高级基本核心句式
基本结构为A + 谓语 + the + 最高级 + 范围短语
形容词最高级作定语或表语前必须加the
例 The blue whale is the largest animal in the world
副词最高级修饰动词时the可加可省
口语表达中副词最高级前的the常省略
比较范围介词搭配 介词in
介词in后接表示整体的单数名词或代词
常用固定搭配in the world in China in our class
用于表示在某个大整体范围内的比较
例 Li Ming is the tallest student in our grade
核心要点in后接单数,表整体空间或群体范围
比较范围介词搭配 介词of
介词of后接群体复数名词或具体数词
常用固定搭配of all the students, of the three, of my friends
用于表示在某一具体群体之中的比较
例 She is the youngest of the five girls in our group
核心要点of后接复数,表具体的人或事物群体
比较范围介词搭配 介词among
介词among后接代词或复数名词
常用固定搭配among all animals among them among the boys
侧重表示在三者及以上的群体中间的比较
例 It is the cutest among all the pets in the shop
of与among在多数比较场景中可互换使用
特殊结构 one of the+最高级+复数名词
核心含义为表示最……之一,是高频考试考点
该结构中最高级后必须接可数名词的复数形式
例 Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world
结构的核心词为one,并非后面的复数名词
书写和使用时不可遗漏定冠词the
特殊结构 主谓一致规则
one of the+最高级+复数名词作句子主语时
句子的谓语动词必须使用单数形式
例 One of the cutest animals is the panda in the zoo
例 One of the tallest boys sits in the back of the classroom
判定关键看核心词one,以此确定谓语单复数
最高级的修饰词 基础修饰词
the very用于表示正是最……的,强化特指含义
例 This is the very best book I’ve read this year
by far用于表示……得多,强化程度差异
例 She is by far the most popular girl in our school
修饰词需放在定冠词the和最高级之间使用
最高级的修饰词 拓展修饰词
the far用于表示远比……更,突出程度差距
例 This is the far most interesting story I’ve heard
almost用于表示几乎最……的,表程度接近最高级
例 He is almost the tallest boy in our entire grade
添加修饰词可让最高级的程度表达更精准具体
核心考点一 the的使用规则
形容词最高级作定语或表语时,前必加the
例 the tallest boy in our class He is the tallest in our class
副词最高级修饰动词时,前面的the可加可省
例 She sings (the) best in our school choir
one of the的固定结构中,the不可省略,为必加项
核心考点二 最高级构成易错点
重读闭音节判定:play非重读闭音节,不可双写尾字母
辅音+y判定:boy是元音+y,直接加est即可,不变y
多音节词变形:不可加est,必须在词前加most
例 colourfulest为错误形式,正确为most colourful
变形前先判断单词的音节结构和词尾特征
核心考点三 最高级与比较级的转换
转换核心是用比较级表达三者及以上的最高含义
常用结构一 比较级+than+the other+单数名词
常用结构二 比较级+than+the others
例 He is taller than the other boys in our class
转换后的句子句意与原最高级句子完全一致
专项练习一 词形转换
写出下列单词的最高级形式
1.slow → 2.sad → 3.lazy → 4.quickly →
5.far → 6.good → 7.expensive →
8.thin → 9.bad → 10.little →
slowest
saddest
laziest
most quickly
farthest/furthest
best
most expensive
thinnest
worst
least
专项练习二 适当形式填空
1.This is _________________ (interesting) story I have ever heard
2.She dances __________ (well) in the whole school
3.This park is _________________ (beautiful) in our city
4.He is one of _____________ (tall) boys in our grade
5.Which season is ___________ (cold), spring, summer or winter
6.My mother cooks _________________ (delicious) food in my family
7.This store sells _______________ (cheap) clothes in the street
8.He studies _______________ (hard) in our class
the most interesting
(the) best
the most beautiful
the tallest
the coldest
the most delicious
the cheapest
(the) hardest
专项练习三 完成句子 指定结构
用one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词完成下列句子
1.长城是世界上最著名的建筑之一。
The Great Wall is one of ________ ________ ________ ______ in the world.
2.猫是世界上最可爱的宠物之一。
Cats are one of ________ ________ ________ in the world.
3.周杰伦是中国最受欢迎的歌手之一。
Jay Chou is one of ________ ________ ________ ________ in China.
4.数学是学校里最难的科目之一。
Math is one of ________ ________ ________ at school.
5.巴黎是欧洲最美丽的城市之一。
Paris is one of ________ ________ ________ _________in Europe.
the most famous buildings
the most popular singers
the cutest pets
the hardest subjects
the most beautiful cities
专项练习四 单项选择
1.She is ________ girl in our class.
A the prettiest B prettiest C the pretty
2.He runs ________ among all the boys in the school.
A faster B the fastest C fastestest
3.This is one of ________ books in the school library.
A the most popular B most popular C more popular
4.Which is ________ fruit, apple, banana or orange?
A sweet B sweeter C the sweetest
5.I like English ________ of all the subjects at school.
A best B better C well
6.This is ________ difficult problem I have ever met.
A the most B most C more
A
B
A
C
A
A
专项练习五 句型转换
1.Tom is the tallest boy in his class.(改为比较级)
Tom is taller than ________ ________ boys in his class.
2.This is the most delicious cake I’ve ever eaten.(改为否定句)
This is ________ ________ ________ ________cake I’ve ever eaten.
3.The tiger runs the fastest in the forest.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ does the tiger run in the forest?
4.Lucy is the youngest in her family.(改为同义句)
Lucy is younger than ________ ________ in her family.
the other
not the most delicious
How fast
the others
专项练习六 句型转换
5.Swimming is the most interesting sport.(改为一般疑问句)
________ swimming the most interesting sport?
6.It is one of the most beautiful parks in the city.(对划线提问)
________ is one of the most beautiful parks in the city?
7.Lily draws the best in our art club.(改为同义句)
Lily draws better than ________ ________ in our art club.
8.This book is the most useful of all.(改为比较级)
This book is more useful than ________ ________ book.
Is
What
the others
any other
专项练习七 改错
找出下列句子中的错误并改正
1.He is the taller student in our class.
2.This is one of the most cute animals in the zoo.
3.She sings the bestest in the school choir.
4.This movie is the far most exciting I’ve seen.
5.One of the most popular star is Taylor Swift.
6.The elephant is the bigger animal on land.
taller→tallest
most cute→cutest
bestest→best
far most→very most
star→stars
bigger→biggest
教学课件
Unit 4语法专项——形容词/副词最高级
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