Unit 5 语法专练- 2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语下册

人教版7下第五单元语法专练 现在进行时 第一部分：知识点详细讲解 一、现在进行时的基本概念 1. 什么是现在进行时？ 现在进行时表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或近期计划好的安排。 简单来说，就是描述“此时此刻正在发生的事情”。 例句： 我正在看书。 I am reading a book. 她正在唱歌。 She is singing. 他们正在踢足球。 They are playing football. 2. 现在进行时的核心含义 含义一：说话时刻正在进行的动作 你现在正在做什么？我正在学习英语。 What are you doing right now? I am studying English. 别说话，老师在讲课。 Don't talk, the teacher is giving a lesson. 含义二：当前阶段正在进行的动作（不一定在说话这一刻） 这个月我正在写一本小说。 I am writing a novel this month. 最近她正在学弹钢琴。 She is learning to play the piano these days. 含义三：表示近期计划好的安排（尤其用于位移动词） 明天我要去看望我的祖母。 I am visiting my grandmother tomorrow. 他们今晚要来看电影。 They are coming to watch a movie tonight. 3. 现在进行时的标志词 这些词出现时，通常要用现在进行时： 时间状语： now 现在 right now 此刻，马上 at the moment 此刻 at present 目前，现在 today 今天 this week 这周 these days 这些天，最近 提示语： Listen! 听！（提示有声音正在发出） Look! 看！（提示有动作正在发生） Be quiet! 安静！（提示有人正在做某事） Where is…? ……在哪里？（询问某人的位置，通常伴随正在做的事） 例句： Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. 听！有人在隔壁唱歌。 Look! The bus is coming. 看！公交车来了。 Be quiet! The baby is sleeping. 安静！宝宝在睡觉。 Where is Tom? He is playing basketball on the playground. 汤姆在哪里？他正在操场上打篮球。 二、现在进行时的构成 1. 肯定句结构 主语 + be动词 (am/is/are) + 动词-ing + 其他 主语与be动词的搭配： I 用 am He/She/It 用 is You/We/They 用 are 例句： 我正在写一封信。 I am writing a letter. 她正在看电视。 She is watching TV. 我们正在等公交车。 We are waiting for the bus. 孩子们正在公园里玩耍。 The children are playing in the park. 外面正在下雨。 It is raining outside. 2. 否定句结构 主语 + be动词 + not + 动词-ing + 其他 be动词与not的缩写形式： is not = isn't are not = aren't am not 没有缩写形式，口语中常用 I'm not 例句： 我没有在睡觉。 I am not sleeping. (或 I'm not sleeping.) 他没在跑步。 He isn't running. 他们没在玩游戏。 They aren't playing games. 她现在没在做饭。 She is not cooking now. 我们没在等你。 We aren't waiting for you. 3. 一般疑问句结构 Be动词 + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他？ 肯定回答： Yes, 主语 + be动词. 否定回答： No, 主语 + be动词 + not. 例句： — Are you reading a book? 你在看书吗？ — Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. — Is she cooking dinner? 她在做晚饭吗？ — Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. — Are they playing basketball? 他们在打篮球吗？ — Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. — Is it raining now? 现在在下雨吗？ — Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. — Are we going to the park? 我们要去公园吗？ — Yes, we are. / No, we aren't. 4. 特殊疑问句结构 疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他？ 常用疑问词：What, Where, Why, Who, How 例句： What are you doing? 你在做什么？ Where is she going? 她要去哪里？ Why are they laughing? 他们为什么在笑？ Who is singing in the room? 谁在房间里唱歌？ How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉怎么样？ What book are you reading? 你在读什么书？ 三、动词-ing形式的变化规则 规则一：一般情况下直接加 -ing 绝大多数动词遵循这条规则。 例句： do → doing 做 play → playing 玩 read → reading 读 study → studying 学习 talk → talking 说话 eat → eating 吃 sleep → sleeping 睡觉 walk → walking 走路 jump → jumping 跳 draw → drawing 画画 规则二：以不发音的字母e结尾，去掉e再加 -ing 这类动词末尾的e不发音，去掉e后再加ing。 例句： make → making 做，制作 write → writing 写 take → taking 拿，带 have → having 有，吃 come → coming 来 dance → dancing 跳舞 ride → riding 骑 drive → driving 开车 use → using 使用 close → closing 关闭 特殊情况： see → seeing 看（这里的e发音，所以不去e） 规则三：重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母再加 -ing 什么是重读闭音节？ - 单词最后三个字母是：辅音字母 + 元音字母 + 辅音字母 - 并且这个音节是重读的 - 一般是单音节词或最后一个音节重读的双音节词 例句： sit → sitting 坐 run → running 跑 swim → swimming 游泳 get → getting 得到 put → putting 放 begin → beginning 开始 (重音在gin) forget → forgetting 忘记 (重音在get) 双音节词判断： visit → visiting 参观（重音在vi，不在sit，所以不双写） open → opening 打开（重音在o，不在pen，所以不双写） 规则四：以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y再加 -ing 这类动词很少，记住常见几个即可。 例句： die → dying 死 lie → lying 躺，说谎 tie → tying 系，绑 第二部分：分层强化练习 一、单项选择 1. Listen! Someone ______ in the next room. A. sing B. sings C. is singing D. are singing 2. —What ______ you ______ right now? —I'm reading a book. A. do; do B. are; doing C. is; doing D. do; doing 3. Look! The children ______ football on the playground. A. play B. plays C. is playing D. are playing 4. She usually ______ at 6:00, but today she ______ late. A. gets up; is sleeping B. get up; sleeps C. is getting up; sleeps D. gets up; sleeps 5. Be quiet! The baby ______. A. sleep B. sleeps C. is sleeping D. are sleeping 6. —______ she ______ dinner now? —Yes, she is. A. Is; cooking B. Does; cook C. Is; cook D. Does; cooking 7. I can't hear you. I ______ to music. A. listen B. am listening C. listens D. listening 8. They ______ TV at the moment. They are doing their homework. A. don't watch B. aren't watching C. isn't watching D. not watch 9. —Where is Tom? —He ______ basketball in the gym. A. plays B. is playing C. play D. playing 10. My mother ______ the housework every day, but today she ______ a rest. A. does; is having B. is doing; has C. do; is having D. does; has 11. Look! It ______ outside. Let's stay at home. A. rain B. rains C. is raining D. raining 12. —______ you ______ to the party tonight? —Yes, I am. A. Do; go B. Are; going C. Is; going D. Are; go 13. The teacher ______ with some students right now. A. talk B. talks C. is talking D. are talking 14. I ______ my homework at the moment. I'll call you later. A. do B. am doing C. does D. doing 15. We can't go out now. It ______ hard. A. rain B. rains C. is raining D. raining 16. —What ______ the children ______? —They're playing games. A. do; do B. are; doing C. is; doing D. do; doing 17. She ______ always ______ her homework on time. A. is; doing B. does; do C. /; does D. /; is doing 18. Listen! The birds ______ beautifully. A. sing B. sings C. is singing D. are singing 19. I ______ English every morning, but now I ______ Chinese. A. read; am reading B. am reading; read C. read; read D. am reading; am reading 20. Don't make noise. Grandpa ______. A. sleep B. sleeps C. is sleeping D. are sleeping 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Listen! Someone ________ (knock) at the door. 2. They ________ (play) football on the playground now. 3. She usually ________ (get) up at 6:30, but today she ________ (sleep) late. 4. Look! The cat ________ (chase) a mouse. 5. —What ________ you ________ (do) right now? —I ________ (write) an email. 6. Be quiet! The baby ________ (sleep) in the next room. 7. We ________ (have) an English class at the moment. 8. My mother ________ (cook) dinner in the kitchen now. 9. Listen! The girls ________ (sing) in the music room. 10. I ________ (not watch) TV now. I ________ (do) my homework. 11. ________ she ________ (read) a book right now? 12. The children ________ (run) on the playground. They ________ (play) games. 13. Where ________ he ________ (go)? He ________ (go) to the library. 14. It's 7 o'clock now. We ________ (have) breakfast. 15. ________ they ________ (wait) for the bus at the bus stop? 16. My sister ________ (study) in her room at the moment. 17. Look! The bus ________ (come). 18. I ________ (not feel) well today. I ________ (think) I have a cold. 19. The teacher ________ (talk) to some parents right now. 20. Don't disturb him. He ________ (work) on an important project. 三、句型转换 1. I am reading a book. (改为否定句) I ________ ________ a book. 2. They are playing basketball on the playground. (改为一般疑问句) ________ they ________ basketball on the playground? 3. She is cooking dinner in the kitchen. (对划线部分提问) ________ is she ________ in the kitchen? 4. The children are watching TV now. (对划线部分提问) ________ are the children ________ now? 5. He is waiting for the bus at the bus stop. (改为否定句) He ________ ________ for the bus at the bus stop. 6. We are having an English class. (改为一般疑问句) ________ you ________ an English class? 7. My mother is making a cake in the kitchen. (对划线部分提问) ________ is your mother ________ in the kitchen? 8. They are playing games on the playground. (对划线部分提问) ________ are they ________ games? 9. I am writing an email to my friend. (改为否定句) I ________ ________ an email to my friend. 10. The cat is sleeping on the sofa. (改为一般疑问句) ________ the cat ________ on the sofa? 11. She is reading a newspaper. (对划线部分提问) ________ is she ________? 12. We are waiting for the teacher. (改为否定句) We ________ ________ for the teacher. 13. He is talking on the phone. (改为一般疑问句) ________ he ________ on the phone? 14. The students are having a test in the classroom. (对划线部分提问) ________ are the students ________ a test? 15. I'm watching TV at home. (对划线部分提问) ________ are you ________ TV? 四、改错题 1. Listen! The girl sing a song. ________ 应改为 ________ 2. They are play football on the playground now. ________ 应改为 ________ 3. What do you doing right now? ________ 应改为 ________ 4. She is cook dinner in the kitchen. ________ 应改为 ________ 5. The children is running on the playground. ________ 应改为 ________ 6. I am listen to music at the moment. ________ 应改为 ________ 7. He don't watching TV now. ________ 应改为 ________ 8. Look! The bus is come. ________ 应改为 ________ 9. My mother is makeing a cake. ________ 应改为 ________ 10. Are he playing basketball now? ________ 应改为 ________ 五、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 听！有人在隔壁唱歌。 Listen! Someone ________ ________ in the next room. 2. 孩子们正在操场上踢足球。 The children ________ ________ football on the playground. 3. 你正在做什么？我在写作业。 What ________ you ________? I ________ ________ my homework. 4. 别说话！老师在讲课。 Don't talk! The teacher ________ ________ a lesson. 5. 看！公交车来了。 Look! The bus ________ ________. 6. 她现在不在看电视，她在做饭。 She ________ ________ TV now. She ________ ________ dinner. 7. 他们正在等谁？他们在等李老师。 Who ________ they ________ for? They ________ ________ for Mr. Li. 8. 外面正在下雨，我们不能出去。 It ________ ________ outside. We can't go out. 9. 你妹妹在做什么？她在弹钢琴。 What ________ your sister ________? She ________ ________ the piano. 10. 我正在给我朋友写一封信。 I ________ ________ a letter to my friend. 📝 第三部分：参考答案与详细解析 一、单项选择答案与解析 1. C Listen! 提示正在发生，Someone是第三人称单数，用is singing。 2. B right now提示现在进行时，主语you，be动词用are，动词用doing。 3. D Look! 提示正在发生，children是复数，用are playing。 4. A usually提示一般现在时，主语she，用gets up；today提示今天的情况，用is sleeping。 5. C Be quiet! 提示正在发生，baby是单数，用is sleeping。 6. A now提示现在进行时，主语she，be动词用Is，动词用cooking。 7. B 前句提示现在的情况，用am listening。 8. B at the moment提示现在进行时，否定用aren't watching。 9. B Where is Tom? 询问位置，答句用现在进行时is playing。 10. A every day提示一般现在时，主语she用does；today提示现在的情况，用is having。 11. C Look! 提示正在发生，用is raining。 12. B tonight表示将来，用现在进行时表将来，主语you用Are going。 13. C right now提示现在进行时，teacher是单数，用is talking。 14. B at the moment提示现在进行时，主语I用am doing。 15. C now提示现在进行时，用is raining。 16. B 询问正在做什么，children是复数，用are doing。 17. C always提示一般现在时，主语she用does。 18. D Listen! 提示正在发生，birds是复数，用are singing。 19. A every morning提示一般现在时，主语I用read；now提示现在进行时，用am reading。 20. C Don't make noise提示正在发生，Grandpa是单数，用is sleeping。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空答案与解析 1. is knocking Listen! 提示正在发生，someone视为单数，用is knocking。 2. are playing now提示现在进行时，they是复数，用are playing。 3. gets / is sleeping usually提示一般现在时，she用gets；today提示现在的情况，用is sleeping。 4. is chasing Look! 提示正在发生，cat是单数，用is chasing。 5. are / doing / am writing right now提示现在进行时，you用are doing，I用am writing。 6. is sleeping Be quiet! 提示正在发生，baby是单数，用is sleeping。 7. are having at the moment提示现在进行时，we用are having。 8. is cooking now提示现在进行时，mother是单数，用is cooking。 9. are singing Listen! 提示正在发生，girls是复数，用are singing。 10. am not watching / am doing now提示现在进行时，否定用am not watching，肯定用am doing。 11. Is / reading right now提示现在进行时，she是单数，一般疑问句用Is reading。 12. are running / are playing 描述现在正在发生的动作，children是复数，用are running和are playing。 13. is / going / is going 询问正在进行的动作，he用is going。 14. are having 7点现在正在吃早饭，we用are having。 15. Are / waiting 询问正在进行的动作，they用Are waiting。 16. is studying at the moment提示现在进行时，sister是单数，用is studying。 17. is coming Look! 提示正在发生，bus是单数，用is coming。 18. am not feeling / think today提示现在的情况，否定用am not feeling；think表示“认为”是状态动词，用一般现在时。 19. is talking right now提示现在进行时，teacher是单数，用is talking。 20. is working 前句提示正在发生，he用is working。 三、句型转换答案与解析 1. am not reading 肯定句改否定，在am后加not。 2. Are / playing 肯定句改一般疑问句，将are提至句首。 3. What / doing 对cooking dinner提问，用What is she doing。 4. What / doing 对watching TV提问，用What are the children doing。 5. is not waiting 肯定句改否定，在is后加not。 6. Are / having 肯定句改一般疑问句，将are提至句首。 7. What / doing 对making a cake提问，用What is your mother doing。 8. Where / playing 对on the playground提问，用Where are they playing games。 9. am not writing 肯定句改否定，在am后加not。 10. Is / sleeping 肯定句改一般疑问句，将is提至句首。 11. What / doing 对reading a newspaper提问，用What is she doing。 12. are not waiting 肯定句改否定，在are后加not。 13. Is / talking 肯定句改一般疑问句，将is提至句首。 14. Where / having 对in the classroom提问，用Where are the students having a test。 15. Where / watching 对at home提问，用Where are you watching TV。 四、改错题答案与解析 1. sing 应改为 is singing Listen! 提示正在发生，girl是单数，用现在进行时。 2. are play 应改为 are playing 现在进行时结构：be + doing。 3. do 应改为 are 现在进行时的疑问句结构：be + 主语 + doing。 4. is cook 应改为 is cooking 现在进行时结构：be + doing。 5. is running 应改为 are running children是复数，be动词用are。 6. am listen 应改为 am listening 现在进行时结构：be + doing。 7. don't 应改为 isn't 现在进行时的否定：be + not + doing，主语He用isn't。 8. is come 应改为 is coming 现在进行时结构：be + doing。 9. is makeing 应改为 is making make的现在分词是去e加ing，不是直接加ing。 10. Are 应改为 Is 主语he是第三人称单数，be动词用Is。 五、根据汉语意思完成句子答案与解析 1. is singing Listen! 提示正在发生，someone视为单数，用is singing。 2. are playing 描述正在发生的动作，children是复数，用are playing。 3. are / doing / am doing 询问正在做什么，用现在进行时。 4. is giving 别说话提示正在发生，teacher是单数，用is giving。 5. is coming Look! 提示正在发生，bus是单数，用is coming。 6. isn't watching / is cooking now提示现在进行时，否定用isn't watching，肯定用is cooking。 7. are / waiting / are waiting 询问正在等谁，they是复数，用are waiting。 8. is raining 描述正在发生的天气情况。 9. is / doing / is playing 询问正在做什么，sister是单数，用is doing和is playing。 10. am writing 描述正在进行的动作。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $