21天突破中考英语语法之第一辑：名词、代词、冠词、数词、介词、形容词与副词

中考英语核心语法点21天突破之第一辑 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 2：代词 核心语法 1. 人称代词：主格（I/you/he 等）作主语，宾格（me/you/him 等）作宾语； 2. 物主代词：形容词性物主代词（my/your/his 等）后接名词，名词性物主代词（mine/yours/his 等）独立使用，相当于 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”； 3. 反身代词：基本形式（myself/yourself/himself 等），常用搭配 “by oneself（独自）”“help oneself to（随便吃 / 用）”； 4. 指示代词：this/these（近指）、that/those（远指），those 可指代上文提到的复数名词； 5. 不定代词：some/any（some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句 / 疑问句；表请求建议时 some 可用于疑问句）；each/every（each 可接 of 短语，every 不可）；both/either/neither（both 表两者都，either 表两者之一，neither 表两者都不）；形容词修饰不定代词时，位于不定代词之后。 巩固练习 一、单项选择（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. —Excuse me, is this pen ______? —No, it isn’t. ______ is in my pencil case. A. yours; Mine B. your; My C. yours; My D. your; Mine 2. My parents are busy with their work, so I have to look after ______ at home. A. me B. myself C. mine D. I 3. —Would you like ______ orange juice? —Yes, please. It’s my favorite drink. A. some B. any C. every D. each 4. ______ of the twins likes playing basketball. They both prefer playing football. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All 5. —Who helped Li Ming with his English? —Nobody. He learned it by ______. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 6. ______ is important for us to learn English well. A. This B. That C. It D. These 7. Look at the two boys. ______ are my classmates and ______ names are Tom and Jerry. A. They; their B. Them; theirs C. They; theirs D. Them; their 8. —Which shirt do you prefer, the blue one or the white one? —______ is OK. I don’t mind. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All 9. Each student in our class ______ a new English dictionary. A. have B. has C. having D. had 10. —What are ______ on the desk? —They are some photos of my family. A. this B. that C. these D. it 二、单句语法填空（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 用括号内所给词汇的正确形式填空，每题一空。 1. My brother and I are in the same school. ______ (we) often go to school together. 2. The little girl can dress ______ (she) without her mother’s help. 3. —Is this bike Mike’s? 4. —No, ______ (he) is black. 5. ______ (that) apples on the table are fresh and sweet. 6. There are some books on the shelf. ______ (each) of them is interesting. 7. My sister has a new skirt. I like ______ (it) very much. 8. Let ______ (we) clean the classroom after school. 9. Neither of the answers ______ (be) right. 10. Help ______ (you) to some fruit, kids! 11. These bags are not ours. They are ______ (they). 三、句子翻译（共 5 小题，每题 2 分，满分 10 分） 汉译英（3 题，必须使用括号内词汇） 1. 这台电脑是她的，我的在客厅里。（hers, mine）_____________________________________________________________________ 2. 孩子们，请随便吃些蛋糕。（yourselves）_____________________________________________________________________ 3. 对我们来说，每天锻炼半小时是必要的。（it, us）_____________________________________________________________________ 英译汉（2 题） 1. Both of my parents are teachers and they both work in a middle school. _____________________________________________________________________ 2. He didn’t buy any gifts for his friends because he forgot the birthday party. _____________________________________________________________________ 四、完形填空（共 15 小题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：一次难忘的自助旅行 Last summer, I went on a trip to Qingdao with my best friend, Lucy. We decided to go there by train because ______ (1) was cheap and comfortable. Before the trip, our parents told us to take care of ______ (2). When we arrived in Qingdao, we found a nice hotel near the sea. The owner of the hotel was very friendly. He showed ______ (3) around the hotel and gave ______ (4) some advice on where to visit. “______ (5) of the beaches here are beautiful,” he said. “You can go to Zhanqiao Beach or Huiquan Beach.” The next morning, we went to Zhanqiao Beach. There were many people there. Some were swimming in the sea, and ______ (6) were playing volleyball on the sand. We took a lot of photos. Later, we bought some ice cream. I wanted to try mango flavor, and Lucy wanted strawberry flavor, so we bought one for ______ (7). In the afternoon, we visited the Underwater World. ______ (8) was amazing to see so many kinds of fish. We learned a lot about marine life. When we left, the guide gave ______ (9) a small gift each. On the third day, we went shopping. Lucy wanted to buy a scarf for her mother, and I wanted to buy a hat for ______ (10). But we didn’t have enough money. Just then, we met a classmate, Jack. He lent ______ (11) some money. With his help, we bought the gifts we liked. The trip was short, but ______ (12) of us had a great time. We learned to be independent and help ______ (13) when in trouble. This trip taught me that ______ (14) is more important than money—friendship and experience. I will never forget ______ (15) wonderful trip. 1. A. it B. this C. that D. they 2. A. we B. us C. ourselves D. our 3. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 4. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 5. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All 6. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others 7. A. each B. every C. both D. either 8. A. This B. That C. It D. These 9. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 10. A. me B. myself C. mine D. I 11. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 12. A. both B. either C. neither D. all 13. A. each other B. each C. other D. others 14. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 15. A. this B. that C. these D. those 五、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：学会独立 Nowadays, many students depend on their parents too much. They ask their parents to do everything for them. For example, some students let their parents pack their schoolbags, and others even ask their parents to finish their homework. They don’t know how to look after themselves. In fact, being independent is very important for students. It can help them grow up and become responsible people. How can students be independent? First, they should do things by themselves. For example, they can make their beds, wash their clothes and clean their rooms. Second, they should learn to make decisions. When they face problems, they can ask for advice from their parents or teachers, but the final decision should be made by themselves. Third, they should learn to manage their time. They can make a plan for their study and life, so that they can finish their work on time. Each student has the ability to be independent. Don’t always rely on others. Try to do things by yourself, and you will find that you can do it well. Remember, nobody can help you all the time. Only by relying on yourself can you become a strong person. 1. What do many students depend on their parents to do? A. Learn English. B. Do everything for them. C. Go to school. D. Make friends. 2. Why is being independent important for students? A. It can help them get good grades. B. It can help them grow up and be responsible. C. It can help them make more friends. D. It can help them learn more knowledge. 3. How many ways to be independent are mentioned in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 4. What does the underlined word “rely” mean in Chinese? A. 依赖 B. 拒绝 C. 帮助 D. 理解 5. What can we learn from the passage? A. Students should let parents finish their homework. B. Students should never ask for advice from others. C. Being independent is important and students can learn it. D. Only a few students have the ability to be independent. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 1：名词 巩固练习答案与解析 一、单项选择答案及解析 1. 答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。ability “能力”，符合 “学好英语的能力” 语境；accident “事故”，address “地址”，advantage “优势” 均不符。 2. 答案：D 解析：考查可数名词规则变化。many 后接复数，activity 以辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 - es，即 activities。 3. 答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。airport “机场”，on the way to the airport “在去机场的路上”，符合语境。 4. 答案：B 解析：考查不可数名词。advice 为不可数名词，无复数形式；advise 是动词，不符合语法要求。 5. 答案：C 解析：考查's 所有格。单数名词 Tom 后直接加's，表 “汤姆的新书”。 6. 答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。gate “大门”，in front of the gate “在学校大门前”，符合语境。 7. 答案：B 解析：考查不可数名词量化。bread 不可数，用 piece 量化，two 后接 piece 的复数 pieces，符合 “数词 + 量词复数 + of + 不可数名词” 规则。 8. 答案：C 解析：考查's 所有格的省略用法。Mary’s 代指 Mary’s bag，回答 “谁的包”，符合所有格用法。 9. 答案：B 解析：考查可数名词复数。lights 表 “灯光”，为可数名词复数，泛指城市的灯光，符合语境。 10. 答案：A 解析：考查固定搭配。take action “采取行动”，为固定短语，action 此处为不可数名词。 二、单句语法填空答案及解析 1. 答案：ability 解析：考查词性转换。the 后接名词，able 的名词形式为 ability，符合语法要求。 2. 答案：accident 解析：考查可数名词单数。a 后接单数名词 accident，表 “一场车祸”。 3. 答案：importance 解析：考查词性转换。the 后接名词，important 的名词形式为 importance，表 “阅读的重要性”。 4. 答案：address 解析：考查可数名词单数。与 name 并列，均用单数形式 address，表 “地址”。 5. 答案：activities 解析：考查可数名词规则变化。many 后接复数，activity 变 y 为 i 加 - es，即 activities。 6. 答案：father’s 解析：考查's 所有格。单数名词 father 后加's，表 “爸爸的新手机”。 7. 答案：questions 解析：考查可数名词规则变化。a few 后接复数，question 直接加 - s，即 questions。 8. 答案：safety 解析：考查词性转换。the 后接名词，safe 的名词形式为 safety，表 “自身安全”。 9. 答案：adults 解析：考查可数名词规则变化。are 提示主语为复数，adult 直接加 - s，即 adults。 10. 答案：invitation 解析：考查词性转换。an 后接单数名词，invite 的名词形式为 invitation，表 “一份邀请函”。 三、句子翻译答案及解析 汉译英 1. 答案：He has the ability to speak English. 解析：核心结构 “have the ability to do sth.”（有做某事的能力），ability 为单数名词，符合知识点要求。 2. 答案：This is my deskmate’s address. 解析：核心用法：deskmate 后加's 构成所有格，表 “同桌的”，address 为单数名词。 3. 答案：Above all, we should take part in more school activities. 解析：核心用法：more 后接 activity 的复数 activities，符合可数名词规则变化。 英译汉 1. 答案：他因为重感冒缺席了这次会议。 解析：核心名词用法：meeting 为可数名词单数，表 “这次会议”，贴合名词基础用法。 2. 答案：我们应该采取行动帮助有需要的人。 解析：核心名词用法：action 为不可数名词，take action 为固定搭配，符合不可数名词知识点。 四、完形填空答案及解析 1. 答案：A 解析：考查可数名词单数。此处指 “英语能力”，表泛指用单数 ability。 2. 答案：B 解析：考查可数名词规则变化。new club 后接复数 activities，表 “多项社团活动”。 3. 答案：C 解析：考查不可数名词。some 后接不可数名词 advice，无复数形式。 4. 答案：A 解析：考查可数名词单数。a 后接单数 adult，表 “一个勇敢的成年人”。 5. 答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。address 此处表 “活动地点”，符合语境。 6. 答案：A 解析：考查固定搭配。have a gift for“有…… 天赋”，gift 为单数名词。 7. 答案：A 解析：考查固定短语。above all “首先”，为中考高频短语。 8. 答案：A 解析：考查副词语境辨析。suddenly “突然”，体现情节波折，符合中考完形特点。 9. 答案：A 解析：考查可数名词单数。a small accident “一场小意外”，accident 为单数名词。 10. 答案：B 解析：考查可数名词复数。cheers 表 “欢呼声”，为复数名词，符合 “充满欢呼声” 语境。 11. 答案：C 解析：考查不可数名词。some 后接不可数名词 advice，表 “一些建议”。 12. 答案：A 解析：考查可数名词单数。a 后接单数 chance，表 “一个好机会”。 13. 答案：B 解析：考查词性转换。gain 后接名词 confidence，表 “获得自信”。 14. 答案：B 解析：考查every的核心用法。every作限定词，后接可数名词单数，表 “每一个”，强调个体，因此本句用every club meeting（每次社团聚会），单数形式符合语法规则。 15. 答案：B 解析：考查可数名词复数变化 + 主谓一致。① 主语mistakes是复数，表语需用复数名词，排除 A/C；② enemy是以辅音字母 + y结尾的名词，复数变化规则为变 y 为 i+es，即enemy→enemies；③ 根据语境 “错误不是敌人”，选enemies。 五、阅读理解答案及解析 1. 答案：A 解析：主旨大意题。第一段首句点明 “阅读是学生的重要能力”，全段围绕阅读能力的重要性展开。 2. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段首句 “the real reason is that they don’t have a good reading habit” 可知答案。 3. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段 “reading storybooks can make us relaxed” 可知答案。 4. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。第三段以 First、Second、Third 列举了三种培养阅读能力的方法。 5. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Let’s start reading now and make it a part of our life” 可推知，学生应开始阅读并养成习惯。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中考英语核心语法点21天突破之第一辑 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 5：形容词与副词 核心语法 形容词： 1 原级：as + 原级 + as（和…… 一样）、not as/so + 原级 + as（不如……）；② 比较级（两者比较）：规则变化（单音节词 + er；以 e 结尾 + r；重读闭音节双写尾字母 + er；辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 i+er；多音节词前加 more）；不规则变化（good/well→better，bad/badly→worse）； ③ 最高级（三者及以上比较）：规则变化（单音节词 + est；以 e 结尾 + st；重读闭音节双写尾字母 + est；辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 i+est；多音节词前加 most）；不规则变化（good/well→best，bad/badly→worst），最高级前加 the。 副词： ① 原级用法同形容词原级；② 比较级 / 最高级变化规则同形容词（部分以 ly 结尾的副词加 more/most）；③ 副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，形容词修饰名词或作表语。 巩固练习 一、单项选择（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. —Which season do you like ______, spring, summer or winter? —Summer. Because I can go swimming every day. A. well B. better C. best D. good 2. This storybook is ______ than that one. I read it twice last month. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 3. —How was your school trip? —Great! It was ______ experience I’ve ever had. A. wonderful B. more wonderful C. most wonderful D. the most wonderful 4. Tom runs ______ than his brother. He always wins the 100-meter race in our school. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 5. —Is this math problem ______ than the last one? —Yes, but I can work it out. A. difficult B. more difficult C. most difficult D. the most difficult 6. My mother cooks ______. Everyone in my family likes her food. A. good B. well C. better D. best 7. The air in the countryside is ______ than that in the city. We should go there more often. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest 8. —Who studies ______ in your class? —Lucy. She always gets full marks in exams. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 9. This movie is not ______ as the one we watched last week. I felt a little bored. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 10. Lily speaks English ______ than any other student in her class. Her teacher often praises her. A. fluent B. more fluent C. fluently D. more fluently 二、单句语法填空（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. My sister is ______ (tall) than me. She is 170 cm and I’m 165 cm. 2. Of all the subjects, I like English ______ (well). It’s easy and interesting. 3. This restaurant serves ______ (delicious) food in our town. Many people come here every weekend. 4. He writes ______ (careful) than his deskmate. He makes fewer mistakes in his homework. 5. The weather is getting ______ (warm) as spring comes. We can go hiking soon. 6. —Who sings ______ (beautiful) in your school talent show? —Lisa. Her voice is so sweet. 7. This park is ______ (crowded) than the one near my home. There are always many people here. 8. My father drives ______ (slow) than before because he wants to be safer. 9. Among all the team members, Tom works ______ (hard). He never complains about the heavy work. 10. This mobile phone is not as ______ (expensive) as that one, but it works well. 三、句子翻译（共 5 小题，每题 2 分，满分 10 分） 汉译英（3 题，必须结合形容词 / 副词比较级 / 最高级用法） 1. 她是我们班最认真的学生之一。（one of the most careful）_____________________________________________________________________ 2. 这家超市的东西比那家便宜得多。（much cheaper than）_____________________________________________________________________ 3. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越方便了。（more and more convenient）_____________________________________________________________________ 英译汉（2 题） 1. The more you read, the more knowledge you will get. _____________________________________________________________________ 2. This is the best gift I have ever received. My friend made it by herself. _____________________________________________________________________ 四、完形填空（共 15 小题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：一次社区志愿者活动 Last weekend, I joined a volunteer activity in our community. The goal was to help the elderly who lived alone. When I arrived at the community center, I met other volunteers. Among them, Lisa was the ______ (1) one—she was only 12 years old, but she was very enthusiastic. We were divided into groups. My group was responsible for visiting an old lady named Grandma Wang. She lived alone in a small apartment. When we knocked on her door, she opened it with a big smile. Her apartment was clean and tidy, but it looked a little empty. First, we helped her clean the windows. The windows were ______ (2) than we thought. It took us nearly an hour to make them bright. Then, we talked with her. Grandma Wang told us many stories about her youth. She said life was much ______ (3) in the past, but people were ______ (4) to each other. We listened ______ (5) and asked her some questions. After that, we cooked lunch for her. I’m not good at cooking, but Lisa was ______ (6) cook among us. She taught us how to make tomato and egg soup. The soup tasted ______ (7) than the one I had at home. Grandma Wang ate a lot and praised us again and again. In the afternoon, we took Grandma Wang to the community park. The park was ______ (8) than usual because there were many children playing there. Grandma Wang watched the children play and laughed ______ (9). She said it was the ______ (10) day she had had for a long time. Before we left, Grandma Wang gave us some homemade cookies. They were ______ (11) than any cookies I had bought in the store. She thanked us and said we had brought her a lot of joy. On our way back, I felt very happy. I learned that helping others can make us feel ______ (12) too. The ______ (13) thing about the activity was that I made new friends. Lisa was ______ (14) than I thought—she was not only kind but also very capable. This volunteer activity was ______ (15) experience in my life. It taught me to care about the elderly and cherish the life we have now. I decide to take part in more such activities in the future. 1. A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest 2. A. dirty B. dirtier C. dirtiest D. the dirtiest 3. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 4. A. friendly B. friendlier C. friendliest D. the friendliest 5. A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully 6. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 7. A. delicious B. more delicious C. most delicious D. the most delicious 8. A. lively B. livelier C. liveliest D. the liveliest 9. A. happy B. happily C. happier D. more happily 10. A. wonderful B. more wonderful C. most wonderful D. the most wonderful 11. A. tasty B. tastier C. tastiest D. the tastiest 12. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 13. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest 14. A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest 15. A. valuable B. more valuable C. most valuable D. the most valuable 五、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：良好的睡眠习惯 Good sleep is very important for our health and study. It can help us feel energetic during the day and do better in our work. However, many students don’t have good sleep habits. They often stay up late playing computer games or watching TV, which makes them feel tired the next day. How can we get a good sleep? First, we should go to bed and get up at the same time every day, even on weekends. This helps our body form a regular biological clock. Second, we should create a comfortable sleep environment. The bedroom should be dark, quiet and cool. We can use thick curtains to keep the room dark and turn off electronic devices before bed. Third, we shouldn’t eat too much or exercise too hard before going to bed. Eating too much can make our stomach work hard, and exercise can make us excited, which both affect sleep. What’s more, the amount of sleep we need changes with age. Children aged 6-13 need 9-11 hours of sleep a night. Teenagers aged 14-17 need 8-10 hours. Adults need 7-9 hours. As students, we should get enough sleep every night. If we don’t sleep well, we may feel sleepy in class and can’t concentrate on our lessons. Over time, it can also affect our memory and health. Developing good sleep habits is not difficult. Let’s start from today and try to get enough sleep. We will find that we are healthier and learn better. 1. Why do many students feel tired during the day? A. They exercise too much. B. They have too much homework. C. They stay up late playing games or watching TV. D. They eat too much before bed. 2. What should we do to create a comfortable sleep environment? A. Keep the bedroom dark, quiet and cool. B. Eat a lot before bed. C. Exercise hard before bed. D. Use bright lights in the bedroom. 3. How many hours of sleep do teenagers aged 14-17 need a night? A. 6-8 hours. B. 8-10 hours. C. 9-11 hours. D. 7-9 hours. 4. What will happen if we don’t sleep well for a long time? A. We will get better grades. B. We will feel more energetic. C. It will affect our memory and health. D. We will form a regular biological clock. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The importance of good sleep. B. How to get a good sleep. C. The amount of sleep we need. D. Good sleep habits and their importance. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中考英语核心语法点21天突破之第一辑 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 3：冠词 核心语法 1. 不定冠词 a/an：a 用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前；an 用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前，表 “一个 / 一类”。 2. 定冠词 the：表特指（上文提到的人 / 物、双方皆知的人 / 物）；表独一无二的事物（the sun）；用于序数词、最高级前；用于乐器、某些固定搭配（the Great Wall）中。 3. 零冠词：复数可数名词、不可数名词表泛指时；人名、地名、国家名等专有名词前；三餐、球类、棋类、学科名称前；星期、月份、节日前（部分特殊节日除外）；固定搭配（at school, by bus）中。 巩固练习 一、单项选择（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. —Do you have ______ basketball? —Yes. I often play ______ basketball with my friends after school. A. a; the B. the; a C. a; / D. /; the 2. My sister wants to be ______ engineer in the future, so she studies math very hard. A. a B. an C. the D. / 3. —Who is ______ girl under the tree? —She is my cousin. She is reading ______ interesting book. A. the; an B. a; the C. the; a D. a; an 4. ______ Spring Festival is ______ most important festival in China. A. The; a B. /; the C. The; the D. /; a 5. We usually have ______ breakfast at 7:00 a.m. Then we go to ______ school by bike. A. the; / B. /; / C. a; the D. /; the 6. —Do you know ______ man in a blue coat? —Yes. He is ______ doctor from the People’s Hospital. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; a 7. Lisa can play ______ piano very well, but she can’t play ______ chess. A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. /; / 8. ______ earth goes around ______ sun. This is a basic science fact. A. The; the B. An; a C. /; the D. The; / 9. I have ______ uncle and ______ aunt. They both work in ______ university in Beijing. A. a; an; a B. an; an; a C. an; a; an D. a; a; an 10. —What’s your favorite subject? —I like ______ English best. It’s ______ useful subject. A. /; a B. the; an C. /; an D. the; a 二、单句语法填空（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 根据句意，在空白处填入适当的冠词（a/an/the）或不填（用 “/” 表示） 1. ______ apple a day keeps the doctor away. 2. We will have ______ art lesson this afternoon. It’s my favorite lesson. 3. Look! There is ______ bird flying in ______ sky. 4. My father reads ______ newspaper every morning after breakfast. 5. ______ Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 6. Tom is ______ tallest student in our class. 7. They often play ______ football on ______ playground after school. 8. I want to buy ______ new bike. ______ bike is for my little brother. 9. We go to ______ cinema once a month. 10. —Where is ______ math teacher? —He is in ______ office. 三、句子翻译（共 5 小题，每题 2 分，满分 10 分） 汉译英（3 题，必须结合冠词核心用法） 1. 这是一本有用的英语词典，我每天都用它。（a useful English dictionary）_____________________________________________________________________ 2. 上海是中国最大的城市之一。（the largest city）_____________________________________________________________________ 3. 我们在周一上午有一节历史课和一节地理课。（零冠词 + 不定冠词）_____________________________________________________________________ 英译汉（2 题） 1. The old man usually takes a walk in the park after dinner. _____________________________________________________________________ 2. She wants to learn to play the violin because she thinks it’s a beautiful instrument. _____________________________________________________________________ 四、完形填空（共 15 小题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：一次特别的音乐课 Last Friday, our school held ______ (1) special music festival. All the students and teachers took part in it. My class was in charge of ______ (2) violin performance, which made us very excited. Before the festival, we practiced every day after school. Our music teacher, Ms. Li, gave us ______ (3) lot of advice. “______ (4) violin is a difficult instrument to play,” she said. “You must be patient and practice more.” With her help, we made great progress. On the day of the festival, ______ (5) hall was crowded with people. We were the third group to perform. When we walked onto ______ (6) stage, I felt a little nervous. But when I saw Ms. Li’s smile, I calmed down. We played ______ (7) famous piece called Song of the Wind. At first, I was afraid of making mistakes, but soon I lost myself in the music. When we finished, the hall was filled with ______ (8) loud applause. We felt very proud of ourselves. After the performance, Ms. Li said to us, “You did ______ (9) wonderful job! I’m proud of you.” She also told us that music is ______ (10) universal language. It can bring people together. Later, I talked with a student from ______ (11) other class. He said our performance was the best one in the festival. This made me feel even happier. This music festival was not only ______ (12) great experience for me, but also taught me the importance of teamwork. I learned that ______ (13) success comes from hard work. I will never forget ______ (14) day when we showed our talent on the stage. And I hope we can have ______ (15) such festival next year. 1. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. A. a B. an C. the D. / 3. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4. A. A B. An C. The D. / 5. A. a B. an C. the D. / 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. a B. an C. the D. / 8. A. a B. an C. the D. / 9. A. a B. an C. the D. / 10. A. a B. an C. the D. / 11. A. a B. an C. the D. / 12. A. a B. an C. the D. / 13. A. a B. an C. the D. / 14. A. a B. an C. the D. / 15. A. a B. an C. the D. / 五、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：英国的学校生活 In the UK, school life is different from that in China. Let’s take a look at a day in a British middle school. Students usually go to school at 8:30 a.m. They don’t wear school uniforms in some schools, but most schools require students to wear them. After arriving at school, they go to their classrooms. Each class has about 20 to 30 students. Classes start at 9:00 a.m. They have different subjects, such as English, math, science, history and PE. Unlike in China, students in the UK have a lot of free time. They have a 20-minute break at 10:20 a.m. During the break, they can go to the playground to play football or basketball, or buy snacks from the shop. Lunch is from 12:30 p.m. to 1:30 p.m. Students can have lunch at school or go home. Most students choose to eat at school. The school lunch is usually a sandwich, some fruit and a glass of milk. After lunch, they have two more classes. School ends at 3:30 p.m. Many students join clubs after school, such as the music club, the art club or the sports club. They can learn to play the guitar, paint pictures or practice swimming. Life in a British middle school is colorful. It helps students grow up and develop their interests. 1. What time do British middle school students usually start their classes? A. At 8:30 a.m. B. At 9:00 a.m. C. At 10:20 a.m. D. At 12:30 p.m. 2. What can students do during the 20-minute break? A. Have lunch. B. Join a club. C. Play sports or buy snacks. D. Go home. 3. How long is the lunch break in British middle schools? A. 20 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. An hour. D. Two hours. 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. All British middle school students wear school uniforms. B. British students have more free time than Chinese students. C. Students must have lunch at school. D. School ends at 4:00 p.m. 5. What’s the best title for the passage? A. A Day in a British Middle School B. Different Subjects in the UK C. After-school Clubs in the UK D. School Uniforms in the UK 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中考英语核心语法点21天突破之第一辑 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 5：形容词与副词 核心语法 形容词： 1 原级：as + 原级 + as（和…… 一样）、not as/so + 原级 + as（不如……）；② 比较级（两者比较）：规则变化（单音节词 + er；以 e 结尾 + r；重读闭音节双写尾字母 + er；辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 i+er；多音节词前加 more）；不规则变化（good/well→better，bad/badly→worse）； ③ 最高级（三者及以上比较）：规则变化（单音节词 + est；以 e 结尾 + st；重读闭音节双写尾字母 + est；辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 i+est；多音节词前加 most）；不规则变化（good/well→best，bad/badly→worst），最高级前加 the。 副词： ① 原级用法同形容词原级；② 比较级 / 最高级变化规则同形容词（部分以 ly 结尾的副词加 more/most）；③ 副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，形容词修饰名词或作表语。 巩固练习 一、单项选择（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. —Which season do you like ______, spring, summer or winter? —Summer. Because I can go swimming every day. A. well B. better C. best D. good 2. This storybook is ______ than that one. I read it twice last month. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 3. —How was your school trip? —Great! It was ______ experience I’ve ever had. A. wonderful B. more wonderful C. most wonderful D. the most wonderful 4. Tom runs ______ than his brother. He always wins the 100-meter race in our school. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 5. —Is this math problem ______ than the last one? —Yes, but I can work it out. A. difficult B. more difficult C. most difficult D. the most difficult 6. My mother cooks ______. Everyone in my family likes her food. A. good B. well C. better D. best 7. The air in the countryside is ______ than that in the city. We should go there more often. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest 8. —Who studies ______ in your class? —Lucy. She always gets full marks in exams. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 9. This movie is not ______ as the one we watched last week. I felt a little bored. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 10. Lily speaks English ______ than any other student in her class. Her teacher often praises her. A. fluent B. more fluent C. fluently D. more fluently 二、单句语法填空（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. My sister is ______ (tall) than me. She is 170 cm and I’m 165 cm. 2. Of all the subjects, I like English ______ (well). It’s easy and interesting. 3. This restaurant serves ______ (delicious) food in our town. Many people come here every weekend. 4. He writes ______ (careful) than his deskmate. He makes fewer mistakes in his homework. 5. The weather is getting ______ (warm) as spring comes. We can go hiking soon. 6. —Who sings ______ (beautiful) in your school talent show? —Lisa. Her voice is so sweet. 7. This park is ______ (crowded) than the one near my home. There are always many people here. 8. My father drives ______ (slow) than before because he wants to be safer. 9. Among all the team members, Tom works ______ (hard). He never complains about the heavy work. 10. This mobile phone is not as ______ (expensive) as that one, but it works well. 三、句子翻译（共 5 小题，每题 2 分，满分 10 分） 汉译英（3 题，必须结合形容词 / 副词比较级 / 最高级用法） 1. 她是我们班最认真的学生之一。（one of the most careful）_____________________________________________________________________ 2. 这家超市的东西比那家便宜得多。（much cheaper than）_____________________________________________________________________ 3. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越方便了。（more and more convenient）_____________________________________________________________________ 英译汉（2 题） 1. The more you read, the more knowledge you will get. _____________________________________________________________________ 2. This is the best gift I have ever received. My friend made it by herself. _____________________________________________________________________ 四、完形填空（共 15 小题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：一次社区志愿者活动 Last weekend, I joined a volunteer activity in our community. The goal was to help the elderly who lived alone. When I arrived at the community center, I met other volunteers. Among them, Lisa was the ______ (1) one—she was only 12 years old, but she was very enthusiastic. We were divided into groups. My group was responsible for visiting an old lady named Grandma Wang. She lived alone in a small apartment. When we knocked on her door, she opened it with a big smile. Her apartment was clean and tidy, but it looked a little empty. First, we helped her clean the windows. The windows were ______ (2) than we thought. It took us nearly an hour to make them bright. Then, we talked with her. Grandma Wang told us many stories about her youth. She said life was much ______ (3) in the past, but people were ______ (4) to each other. We listened ______ (5) and asked her some questions. After that, we cooked lunch for her. I’m not good at cooking, but Lisa was ______ (6) cook among us. She taught us how to make tomato and egg soup. The soup tasted ______ (7) than the one I had at home. Grandma Wang ate a lot and praised us again and again. In the afternoon, we took Grandma Wang to the community park. The park was ______ (8) than usual because there were many children playing there. Grandma Wang watched the children play and laughed ______ (9). She said it was the ______ (10) day she had had for a long time. Before we left, Grandma Wang gave us some homemade cookies. They were ______ (11) than any cookies I had bought in the store. She thanked us and said we had brought her a lot of joy. On our way back, I felt very happy. I learned that helping others can make us feel ______ (12) too. The ______ (13) thing about the activity was that I made new friends. Lisa was ______ (14) than I thought—she was not only kind but also very capable. This volunteer activity was ______ (15) experience in my life. It taught me to care about the elderly and cherish the life we have now. I decide to take part in more such activities in the future. 1. A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest 2. A. dirty B. dirtier C. dirtiest D. the dirtiest 3. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 4. A. friendly B. friendlier C. friendliest D. the friendliest 5. A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully 6. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 7. A. delicious B. more delicious C. most delicious D. the most delicious 8. A. lively B. livelier C. liveliest D. the liveliest 9. A. happy B. happily C. happier D. more happily 10. A. wonderful B. more wonderful C. most wonderful D. the most wonderful 11. A. tasty B. tastier C. tastiest D. the tastiest 12. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 13. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest 14. A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest 15. A. valuable B. more valuable C. most valuable D. the most valuable 五、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：良好的睡眠习惯 Good sleep is very important for our health and study. It can help us feel energetic during the day and do better in our work. However, many students don’t have good sleep habits. They often stay up late playing computer games or watching TV, which makes them feel tired the next day. How can we get a good sleep? First, we should go to bed and get up at the same time every day, even on weekends. This helps our body form a regular biological clock. Second, we should create a comfortable sleep environment. The bedroom should be dark, quiet and cool. We can use thick curtains to keep the room dark and turn off electronic devices before bed. Third, we shouldn’t eat too much or exercise too hard before going to bed. Eating too much can make our stomach work hard, and exercise can make us excited, which both affect sleep. What’s more, the amount of sleep we need changes with age. Children aged 6-13 need 9-11 hours of sleep a night. Teenagers aged 14-17 need 8-10 hours. Adults need 7-9 hours. As students, we should get enough sleep every night. If we don’t sleep well, we may feel sleepy in class and can’t concentrate on our lessons. Over time, it can also affect our memory and health. Developing good sleep habits is not difficult. Let’s start from today and try to get enough sleep. We will find that we are healthier and learn better. 1. Why do many students feel tired during the day? A. They exercise too much. B. They have too much homework. C. They stay up late playing games or watching TV. D. They eat too much before bed. 2. What should we do to create a comfortable sleep environment? A. Keep the bedroom dark, quiet and cool. B. Eat a lot before bed. C. Exercise hard before bed. D. Use bright lights in the bedroom. 3. How many hours of sleep do teenagers aged 14-17 need a night? A. 6-8 hours. B. 8-10 hours. C. 9-11 hours. D. 7-9 hours. 4. What will happen if we don’t sleep well for a long time? A. We will get better grades. B. We will feel more energetic. C. It will affect our memory and health. D. We will form a regular biological clock. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The importance of good sleep. B. How to get a good sleep. C. The amount of sleep we need. D. Good sleep habits and their importance. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 2：代词 巩固练习答案与解析 一、单项选择答案及解析 1. 答案：A 解析：考查物主代词。第一空后无名词，用名词性物主代词 yours；第二空作主语，后无名词，用名词性物主代词 mine。 2. 答案：B 解析：考查反身代词。look after oneself “照顾自己”，主语为 I，反身代词用 myself。 3. 答案：A 解析：考查不定代词。问句表请求建议，用 some 不用 any；every/each 后接单数名词，不符合语境。 4. 答案：C 解析：考查不定代词。根据 “They both prefer playing football” 可知双胞胎都不喜欢篮球，neither 表 “两者都不”，符合语境。 5. 答案：D 解析：考查反身代词。by oneself “独自”，主语为 He，反身代词用 himself。 6. 答案：C 解析：考查 it 作形式主语。It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth. 为固定句型，it 作形式主语，真正主语为不定式。 7. 答案：A 解析：考查人称代词和形容词性物主代词。第一空作主语，用主格 they；第二空后接名词 names，用形容词性物主代词 their。 8. 答案：B 解析：考查不定代词。根据 “I don’t mind” 可知两件衬衫都可以，either 表 “两者之一”，后接单数谓语，符合语境。 9. 答案：B 解析：考查不定代词 each 的用法。each 作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，时态为一般现在时，用 has。 10. 答案：C 解析：考查指示代词。根据答语 “They are...” 可知问句主语为复数，用 these 表近指的复数名词。 二、单句语法填空答案及解析 1. 答案：We 解析：考查人称代词主格。作句子主语，用主格 We，句首首字母大写。 2. 答案：herself 解析：考查反身代词。dress oneself “自己穿衣服”，主语为 the little girl，反身代词用 herself。 3. 答案：his 解析：考查名词性物主代词。后无名词，用 his 指代 “his bike”。 4. 答案：Those 解析：考查指示代词。后接复数名词 apples，用 those 表远指，句首首字母大写。 5. 答案：Each 解析：考查不定代词。each of + 复数代词 / 名词，为固定搭配，句首首字母大写。 6. 答案：it 解析：考查人称代词宾格。作动词 like 的宾语，指代单数名词 skirt，用 it。 7. 答案：us 解析：考查人称代词宾格。let sb. do sth. 为固定搭配，sb. 用宾格 us。 8. 答案：is 解析：考查不定代词 neither 的用法。neither 作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，时态为一般现在时，用 is。 9. 答案：yourselves 解析：考查反身代词。help oneself to sth. 为固定搭配，kids 为复数，用 yourselves。 10. 答案：theirs 解析：考查名词性物主代词。后无名词，用 theirs 指代 “their bags”。 三、句子翻译答案及解析 汉译英 1. 答案：This computer is hers, and mine is in the living room. 解析：核心句型：并列句（and 连接）；核心用法：hers 和 mine 均为名词性物主代词，独立使用，符合物主代词知识点。 2. 答案：Help yourselves to some cakes, kids! 解析：核心句型：祈使句；核心用法：help yourselves to sth. 为固定搭配，yourselves 对应复数主语 kids，符合反身代词知识点。 3. 答案：It is necessary for us to exercise for half an hour every day. 解析：核心句型：It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.（it 作形式主语）；核心用法：us 为宾格，作介词 for 的宾语，符合人称代词知识点。 英译汉 1. 答案：我的父母都是老师，他们俩都在一所中学工作。 解析：核心用法：both of 后接复数名词，表 “两者都”；第二个 both 为副词，修饰动词 work，贴合不定代词知识点。 2. 答案：他没有给朋友们买任何礼物，因为他忘了生日派对。 解析：核心用法：any 用于否定句，修饰复数名词 gifts，贴合不定代词 some/any 的用法区别。 四、完形填空答案及解析 1. 答案：A 解析：考查 it 作形式主语 / 宾语。指代 “坐火车” 这件事，用 it，符合语境。 2. 答案：C 解析：考查反身代词。take care of oneself “照顾自己”，主语为 us，反身代词用 ourselves。 3. 答案：B 解析：考查人称代词宾格。show sb. around “带某人参观”，sb. 用宾格 us。 4. 答案：B 解析：考查人称代词宾格。give sb. sth.“给某人某物”，sb. 用宾格 us。 5. 答案：A 解析：考查不定代词。根据 “Zhanqiao Beach or Huiquan Beach” 可知是两个海滩，both 表 “两者都”，符合语境。 6. 答案：B 解析：考查不定代词。some...others...“一些…… 另一些……”，为固定搭配，符合语境。 7. 答案：A 解析：考查不定代词。for each “为各自”，指 “我买芒果味，露西买草莓味”，each 强调个体，符合语境。 8. 答案：C 解析：考查 it 作形式主语。It is+adj.+to do sth. 为固定句型，it 作形式主语，真正主语为不定式。 9. 答案：B 解析：考查人称代词宾格。give sb. sth.“给某人某物”，sb. 用宾格 us。 10. 答案：C 解析：考查名词性物主代词。后无名词，用 mine 指代 “my mother”，符合语境。 11. 答案：B 解析：考查人称代词宾格。lend sb. sth.“借给某人某物”，sb. 用宾格 us。 12. 答案：A 解析：考查不定代词。指 “我和露西两个人”，both 表 “两者都”，符合语境。 13. 答案：A 解析：考查固定搭配。help each other “互相帮助”，为中考高频搭配，符合语境。 14. 答案：A 解析：考查不定代词。something“某事 / 某物”，用于肯定句，表 “有比钱更重要的东西”，符合语境。 15. 答案：A 解析：考查指示代词。指代上文提到的 “这次旅行”，表近指，用 this。 五、阅读理解答案及解析 1. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段 “many students depend on their parents too much. They ask their parents to do everything for them” 可知答案。 2. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段 “It can help them grow up and become responsible people” 可知答案。 3. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。第二段以 First、Second、Third 列举了三种变得独立的方法。 4. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据上下文 “many students depend on their parents too much” 和 “Try to do things by yourself” 可知，rely 意为 “依赖”。 5. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段 “In fact, being independent is very important for students” 和第三段 “Each student has the ability to be independent” 可推知，独立很重要，且学生可以学会独立。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 5：形容词与副词 巩固练习答案与解析 一、单项选择答案及解析 1. 答案：C 解析：考查形容词最高级。三者（春、夏、冬）比较，用最高级 best；well 的比较级是 better，最高级是 best，good 是形容词原级，不符合语境。 2. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级标志，interesting 是多音节词，比较级前加 more，即 more interesting。 3. 答案：D 解析：考查形容词最高级。I’ve ever had（我曾有过的）表示范围，用最高级；wonderful 是多音节词，最高级前加 most，且加 the，即 the most wonderful。 4. 答案：B 解析：考查副词比较级。than 是比较级标志，fast 修饰动词 runs，用副词比较级 faster；fastest 是最高级，不符合两者比较语境。 5. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级标志，difficult 是多音节词，比较级前加 more，即 more difficult。 6. 答案：B 解析：考查副词原级。cooks 是动词，用副词 well 修饰；good 是形容词，不能修饰动词；better（更好）、best（最好）表比较，此处无比较对象，用原级。 7. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级标志，clean 的比较级是 cleaner；cleanest 是最高级，不符合两者比较语境。 8. 答案：D 解析：考查副词最高级的用法。① 副词最高级修饰动词studies，在 ** 特定范围（in your class）** 中，最高级前的the可加也可省，因此studies hardest和studies the hardest均正确；② 本选项设置了the hardest，因此选 D，同时掌握核心规则：形容词最高级前的the不可省（有限定词除外），副词最高级前的the可省。 9. 答案：A 解析：考查形容词原级。as + 原级 + as 是固定结构，“不如…… 有趣” 用 not as interesting as，用原级 interesting。 10. 答案：D 解析：考查副词比较级。than 是比较级标志，fluently 修饰动词 speaks，用副词比较级 more fluently；fluent 是形容词，不能修饰动词。 二、单句语法填空答案及解析 1. 答案：taller 解析：考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级标志，tall 的比较级是 taller。 2. 答案：best 解析：考查副词最高级。Of all the subjects（所有科目中）表示范围，well 的最高级是 best。 3. 答案：the most delicious 解析：考查形容词最高级。in our town（在我们镇上）表示范围，delicious 是多音节词，最高级前加 most，且加 the。 4. 答案：more carefully 解析：考查副词比较级。than 是比较级标志，careful 修饰动词 writes，用副词 carefully，比较级前加 more。 5. 答案：warmer 解析：考查形容词比较级。get + 比较级表示 “变得越来越……”，warm 的比较级是 warmer。 6. 答案：the most beautifully 解析：考查副词最高级。in your school talent show（在你们学校才艺表演中）表示范围，beautiful 修饰动词 sings，用副词 beautifully，最高级前加 most，且加 the。 7. 答案：more crowded 解析：考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级标志，crowded 是多音节词，比较级前加 more。 8. 答案：more slowly 解析：考查副词比较级。than 是比较级标志，slow 修饰动词 drives，用副词 slowly，比较级前加 more。 9. 答案：the hardest 解析：考查副词最高级。Among all the team members（所有队员中）表示范围，hard 修饰动词 works，副词最高级前加 the，即 the hardest。 10. 答案：expensive 解析：考查形容词原级。as + 原级 + as 是固定结构，用形容词原级 expensive。 三、句子翻译答案及解析 汉译英 1. 答案：She is one of the most careful students in our class. 解析：核心句型：one of+the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词（最…… 之一）；核心用法：careful 的最高级是 most careful，前加 the，students 用复数，贴合最高级用法。 2. 答案：Things in this supermarket are much cheaper than those in that one. 解析：核心句型：比较级 + than（比…… 更……）；核心用法：much 修饰比较级 cheaper，表 “…… 得多”，those 指代前文的 things，避免重复，贴合比较级用法。 3. 答案：With the development of science and technology, our life is becoming more and more convenient. 解析：核心句型：becoming + 比较级 + and + 比较级（变得越来越……）；核心用法：convenient 是多音节词，比较级前加 more，more and more convenient 表 “越来越方便”，贴合比较级递增用法。英译汉 1. 答案：你读得越多，获得的知识就越多。 解析：核心用法：the + 比较级，the + 比较级（越……，越……），more 是 many/much 的比较级，贴合比较级特殊句型。 2. 答案：这是我收到过的最好的礼物，是我的朋友亲手做的。 解析：核心用法：the best 是 good 的最高级，I have ever received 表示范围，贴合最高级用法。 四、完形填空答案及解析 1. 答案：C 解析：考查形容词最高级的定冠词用法。当最高级修饰的名词前已有定冠词、物主代词、指示代词等限定词时，最高级前不再加the；本句中the ______ one的one前已有the，因此直接用最高级youngest即可。 2.答案：B 解析：考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级标志，dirty 的比较级是 dirtier。 3. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词比较级。much 修饰比较级，hard 的比较级是 harder，表 “过去的生活难得多”。 4. 答案：A 解析：考查形容词原级。此处无比较对象，用原级 friendly，表 “人们彼此友好”。 5. 答案：B 解析：考查副词原级。listened 是动词，用副词 carefully 修饰，此处无比较，用原级。 6. 答案：D 解析：考查形容词最高级。among us（在我们之中）表示范围，用最高级；good 的最高级是 best，前加 the。 7. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级标志，delicious 的比较级是 more delicious。 8. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级标志，lively 的比较级是 livelier。 9. 答案：B 解析：考查副词原级。laughed 是动词，用副词 happily 修饰，此处无比较，用原级。 10. 答案：D 解析：考查形容词最高级。she had had for a long time（她很久以来过的）表示范围，用最高级；wonderful 的最高级是 the most wonderful。 11. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级标志，tasty 的比较级是 tastier。 12. 答案：A 解析：考查形容词原级。feel 是系动词，用形容词 good 作表语，此处无比较，用原级。 13. 答案：D 解析：考查形容词最高级。此处隐含范围（活动中的所有事情），用最高级；nice 的最高级是 the nicest。 14. 答案：B 解析：考查形容词比较级。than 是比较级标志，great 的比较级是 greater。 15. 答案：D 解析：考查形容词最高级。in my life（在我的一生中）表示范围，用最高级；valuable 的最高级是 the most valuable。 五、阅读理解答案及解析 1. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段 “They often stay up late playing computer games or watching TV, which makes them feel tired the next day” 可知，学生白天疲劳是因为熬夜玩游戏或看电视。 2. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段 “The bedroom should be dark, quiet and cool” 可知，舒适的睡眠环境应是黑暗、安静且凉爽的。 3. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段 “Teenagers aged 14-17 need 8-10 hours” 可知，14-17 岁青少年每晚需要 8-10 小时睡眠。 4. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段 “Over time, it can also affect our memory and health” 可知，长期睡眠不好会影响记忆力和健康。 5. 答案：D 解析：主旨大意题。文章先讲良好睡眠的重要性，再讲如何养成良好睡眠习惯，最后强调其意义，D 选项最能概括全文主旨。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 4：数词与介词 巩固练习答案与解析 一、单项选择答案及解析 1. 答案：B 解析：考查数词。forty 的正确拼写为 forty（无 u）；分数表达 “三分之二” 为 two thirds，分子大于 1 时分母变复数。 2. 答案：C 解析：考查时间介词。具体日期 March 12th 前用 on；具体某天的晚上（the evening of my birthday）前用 on。 3. 答案：A 解析：考查倍数表达。倍数 + as + 原级 + as 为固定结构，“两倍” 用 twice，two times 虽可，但 twice 更常用。 4. 答案：A 解析：考查地点介词。between...and...“在…… 和…… 之间”，指两者之间；among 用于三者及以上，此处 Lily 和 Tom 是两人，用 between。 5. 答案：C 解析：考查时间介词。具体日期的上午（the morning of June 1st）前用 on。 6. 答案：B 解析：考查序数词。“第二十层” 用序数词 twentieth；twenty-first 是 “第二十一”，不符合 “顶层” 语境。 7. 答案：A 解析：考查时间介词。具体时刻 7:30 a.m. 前用 at；in the evening “在晚上” 为固定搭配。 8. 答案：C 解析：考查基数词与序数词。“一年有十二个月” 用基数词 twelve；“十二月是第十二个月” 用序数词 twelfth。 9. 答案：B 解析：考查地点介词。between...and...“在邮局和超市之间”，符合语境；among 用于三者及以上。 10. 答案：A 解析：考查基数词。“三年”“五岁” 均表数量，用基数词 three 和 five；third（第三）、fifth（第五）是序数词，表顺序，不符合语境。 二、单句语法填空答案及解析 1. 答案：seven; first 解析：考查基数词与序数词。“一周有七天” 用基数词 seven；“星期日是第一天” 用序数词 first。 2. 答案：in; in 解析：考查时间介词。年份 2008 前用 in；月份 October 前用 in。 3. 答案：three fourths 解析：考查分数表达。“四分之三” 为 three fourths，分子大于 1 时分母变复数。 4. 答案：at 解析：考查时间介词。具体时刻 9:00 a.m. 前用 at。 5. 答案：between 解析：考查地点介词。between...and...“在银行和书店之间”，符合语境。 6. 答案：twice 解析：考查倍数表达。“两倍长” 用 twice as long as，倍数用 twice。 7. 答案：on 解析：考查时间介词。具体节日前夕（Spring Festival Eve）前用 on。 8. 答案：Five 解析：考查基数词的用法。基数词+of+the+复数名词表 “…… 中的几个”，Five of the workers意为 “工人中的五个人”；若要表达 “五分之五的工人”，需用分数five fifths of the workers（实际应用中用All of the workers更简洁）。 9. 答案：on 解析：考查地点介词。“猫躺在沙发上”，沙发表面用 on；in 指内部，不符合语境。 10. 答案：for 解析：考查时间介词。for + 时间段（three years），表动作持续的时间，符合 “在这所学校待了三年” 的语境。 三、句子翻译答案及解析 汉译英 1. 答案：This room is three times as big as that one. 解析：核心句型：倍数 + as + 原级 + as（…… 是…… 的几倍）；核心用法：three times 表 “三倍”，as big as 表 “和…… 一样大”，贴合倍数表达知识点。 2. 答案：About two thirds of the students in our school go to school on foot every day. 解析：核心句型：分数 + of + 名词（…… 的几分之几）；核心用法：two thirds 表 “三分之二”，分子大于 1 分母变复数，on foot “步行” 为固定搭配，兼顾分数与介词用法。 3. 答案：He will take an important exam on the morning of June 5th. 解析：核心句型：主谓宾结构；核心用法：具体日期的上午用 on，an important exam 前用不定冠词 an，at 用于具体时刻，此处无时刻，侧重日期，符合时间介词知识点。 英译汉 1. 答案：我的祖父母已经在这个小镇生活了五十多年。 解析：核心用法：for more than fifty years（for + 时间段）表持续时间，fifty 为基数词，贴合数词与介词知识点。 2. 答案：孩子们正在树林间玩游戏，他们玩得很开心。 解析：核心用法：among the trees（在树林间，三者及以上之间），贴合地点介词 among 的用法。 四、完形填空答案及解析 1. 答案：A 解析：考查时间介词。具体时刻 8:00 a.m. 前用 at。 2. 答案：A 解析：考查基数词。“分成五个小组” 表数量，用基数词 five；fifth 是序数词 “第五”，不符合语境。 3. 答案：A 解析：考查基数词。“每个小组有十二名学生” 表数量，用基数词 twelve；twelfth 是序数词 “第十二”，不符合语境。 4. 答案：B 解析：考查倍数表达。“洞的深度应该是树根的两倍”，用 twice as deep as，倍数用 twice。 5. 答案：B 解析：考查分数表达。“四分之三的女孩” 为 three fourths，分子大于 1 时分母变复数。 6. 答案：A 解析：考查地点介词。“在我们种的树下吃午饭”，under 表 “在…… 下方”，符合语境；in 指内部，on 指表面，均不搭。 7. 答案：D 解析：考查数词hundred的用法，核心规则为：① 前有具体数字时，hundred用原形，不加s，如two hundred trees；② 前无具体数字时，用hundreds of，表 “数百的，成百上千的”，表模糊数量；本句前无具体数字，因此用hundreds of trees（数百棵树）。 8. 答案：B 解析：考查时间介词。具体节日 Tree Planting Day 前用 on。 9. 答案：B 解析：考查数词相关副词。every + 单数名词 “每……”，every month “每个月”；each 后可接 of 短语，此处直接接 a month，用 every 更合适。 10. 答案：A 解析：考查固定搭配。in daily life “在日常生活中”，为中考高频短语。 11. 答案：D 解析：考查时间介词。next year 前不加介词，直接用 next year “明年”。 12. 答案：A 解析：考查数词相关形容词。a few 后接可数名词复数 years，表 “几年后”；a little 接不可数名词，few 表 “几乎没有”（否定），little 接不可数名词，均不符合语境。 13. 答案：C 解析：考查定冠词。表特指 “我们种的树”，用 the。 14. 答案：C 解析：考查定冠词。表特指 “我们身边的小事”，用 the。 15. 答案：C 解析：考查定冠词。世界上独一无二的事物 earth 前加 the。 五、阅读理解答案及解析 1. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段 “A family can save about 100 liters of water a month by doing this” 可知，一个家庭每月可节约约 100 升水。 2.答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段 “It’s a good habit to use energy-saving lights. They can save a lot of electricity” 可知，使用节能灯能节约用电。 3. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段 “You can plant trees with your family or classmates on Tree Planting Day” 可知，可在植树节植树。 4. 答案：B 解析：细节判断题。文章提到了节约用水、节约用电、减少浪费、植树、保护动物，未提及 “浪费食物”，且浪费食物不属于环保行为。 5. 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。文章首段引出 “学生成为环保小卫士的简单方法”，随后分点介绍，C 选项最能概括全文主旨。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中考英语核心语法点21天突破之第一辑 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 4：数词与介词 核心语法 数词： ① 基数词表数量（1-100 基本形式）；② 序数词表顺序（first, second, third, 一般加 - th，特殊变化如 fifth, eighth）；③ 分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于 1 时分母变复数（1/3 one third, 2/5 two fifths）；④ 倍数：倍数 + as + 原级 + as（A 是 B 的…… 倍）。 介词： ① 时间介词：at（具体时刻）、in（年 / 月 / 季节 / 上午 / 下午 / 晚上）、on（具体日期 / 星期 / 节日）；② 地点介词：in（大地点 / 容器内）、at（小地点）、on（表面上）、between（两者之间）、among（三者及以上之间）；③ 固定搭配（look for, listen to, be interested in 等）；④介词后跟动词ing形式。 巩固练习 一、单项选择（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. —How many students are there in your class? —There are ______ students, and ______ of them are girls. A. forty; two third B. forty; two thirds C. fourty; two thirds D. fourty; two third 2. My birthday is ______ March 12th. I usually have a party ______ the evening of my birthday. A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; in 3. This building is ______ as tall as that one. But it’s much older. A. twice B. two times C. two time D. twice time 4. —Where is Lucy? —She is sitting ______ Lily and Tom. They are talking about a new movie. A. between B. among C. in D. on 5. We will have a school trip ______ the morning of June 1st. All of us are looking forward to it. A. at B. in C. on D. for 6. —Which floor do you live on? —I live on the ______ floor. It’s the top floor of the building. A. twenty B. twentieth C. twenty-first D. twenty-one 7. My father usually goes to work ______ 7:30 a.m. and comes back home ______ the evening. A. at; in B. in; at C. on; in D. at; on 8. There are ______ months in a year. December is the ______ month. A. twelve; twelve B. twelfth; twelve C. twelve; twelfth D. twelfth; twelfth 9. The library is ______ the post office and the supermarket. You can find it easily. A. among B. between C. in D. on 10. —How long have you learned English? —For ______ years. I started learning it when I was ______ years old. A. three; five B. third; fifth C. three; fifth D. third; five 二、单句语法填空（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 用括号内所给词的适当形式或适当的介词填空。 1. There are ______ (seven) days in a week. Sunday is the ______ (one) day. 2. My brother was born ______ 2008. He will be 18 years old ______ October this year. 3. About ______ (three) of the students in our class like playing table tennis. 4. The meeting will start ______ 9:00 a.m. Please be on time. 5. The park is not far from here. It’s ______ the bank and the bookstore. 6. This bridge is ______ (two) as long as the old one. 7. We usually have a big dinner ______ Spring Festival Eve. 8. ______ (five) of the workers are from the south of China. 9. The cat is lying ______ the sofa. It looks very relaxed. 10. I have been in this school ______ three years. 三、句子翻译（共 5 小题，每题 2 分，满分 10 分） 汉译英（3 题，必须结合数词 / 介词核心用法） 1. 这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。（three times as...as）_____________________________________________________________________ 2. 我们学校大约三分之二的学生每天步行上学。（two thirds of）_____________________________________________________________________ 3. 他将在 6 月 5 日的上午参加一场重要的考试。（介词 on/in/at）_____________________________________________________________________ 英译汉（2 题） 1. My grandparents have lived in this small town for more than fifty years. _____________________________________________________________________ 2. The children are playing games among the trees. They are having a good time. _____________________________________________________________________ 四、完形填空（共 15 小题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：一次学校植树活动 March 12th is Tree Planting Day in China. This year, our school organized a tree-planting activity. All the students in Grade Nine took part in it. We met at the school gate ______ (1) 8:00 a.m. and went to the hillside near our city by bus. When we arrived, the teachers divided us into ______ (2) groups. Each group had ______ (3) students. Our group was in charge of planting 15 trees. At first, I didn’t know how to dig a hole. My classmate Tom showed me the way. He said, “The hole should be ______ (4) as deep as the root of the tree.” We worked hard together. Some dug holes, some carried young trees, and others watered them. ______ (5) of the girls in our group were very careful. They put the trees into the holes gently and filled the holes with soil. I was tired, but I felt very happy. At noon, we had lunch ______ (6) the tree we planted. The food tasted especially delicious. In the afternoon, we continued working. By 3:00 p.m., we had finished planting all the trees. There were ______ (7) trees in total on the hillside. Looking at the young trees, we felt a sense of achievement. Our teacher told us, “Trees are important for our environment. Each tree can help us fight air pollution. It’s meaningful to plant trees ______ (8) Tree Planting Day.” He also said that we should come back to look after the trees ______ (9) a month. On our way back to school, we talked about the activity. I learned that teamwork is very important. It’s impossible for one person to finish planting so many trees alone. Also, I knew that we should protect nature ______ (10) our daily life. This activity was unforgettable. It not only made us closer to nature, but also taught us the importance of hard work. I will remember this day forever. I hope we can plant more trees ______ (11) next year. Maybe in ______ (12) years, the hillside will be covered with green trees. We can bring our families here to visit ______ (13) trees we planted. In fact, protecting the environment is not difficult. Small actions can make a big difference. Let’s start from ______ (14) small things around us. For example, we can save water, reuse plastic bags and plant more trees. I believe that ______ (15) earth will become more beautiful if we all work together. 1. A. at B. in C. on D. for 2. A. five B. fifth C. the five D. the fifth 3. A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelve D. the twelfth 4. A. two B. twice C. second D. the second 5. A. Three fourth B. Three fourths C. Third fourth D. Third fourths 6. A. under B. in C. on D. among 7. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 8. A. in B. on C. at D. for 9. A. each B. every C. either D. neither 10. A. in B. on C. at D. for 11. A. in B. on C. at D. / 12. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little 13. A. a B. an C. the D. / 14. A. a B. an C. the D. / 15. A. a B. an C. the D. / 五、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：如何成为一名环保小卫士 Being an environmental protector is easy. You don’t need to do big things. Small actions in daily life can help protect our planet. Here are some simple ways for students to be environmental protectors. First, save water. Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth or wash your hands. You can also reuse water. For example, use the water you wash your face with to water plants. A family can save about 100 liters of water a month by doing this. Second, save electricity. Turn off the lights, computers and TVs when you leave the room. It’s a good habit to use energy-saving lights. They can save a lot of electricity. Third, reduce waste. Bring your own bags when you go shopping. Don’t use plastic bags. You can also reuse bottles and boxes. For example, use an empty bottle as a pen holder. Fourth, plant trees. Trees can clean the air and make the environment more beautiful. You can plant trees with your family or classmates on Tree Planting Day. It’s a meaningful activity. Fifth, protect animals. Animals are our friends. Don’t hurt them. You can also join animal protection activities to help homeless animals. Remember, every small action counts. If each of us does one small thing for the environment, our planet will become greener and more beautiful. Let’s start right now! 1. How much water can a family save a month by reusing water? A. About 10 liters. B. About 100 liters. C. About 1000 liters. D. About 10000 liters. 2. What can we do to save electricity? A. Use energy-saving lights. B. Reuse water. C. Plant trees. D. Bring our own bags. 3. When can we plant trees according to the passage? A. On New Year’s Day. B. On Tree Planting Day. C. On Christmas Day. D. On Children’s Day. 4. Which of the following is NOT a way to protect the environment? A. Saving water. B. Wasting food. C. Reusing bottles. D. Protecting animals. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. How to save water and electricity. B. How to reduce waste and plant trees. C. Simple ways for students to be environmental protectors. D. The importance of protecting animals. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $中考英语核心语法点21天突破之第一辑 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 1：名词 核心语法 1. 可数名词单复数变化： 1 规则变化：一般加 - s；以 s/x/ch/sh 结尾加 - es；辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 - es； 2 不规则变化：如 child→children（练习核心为规则变化）。 2. 不可数名词量化： 不可数名词无单复数，需搭配量词表达数量，结构为 “数词 + 量词（复数）+of + 不可数名词”（如 two pieces of bread）。 3. 名词所有格用法： 1 's 所有格：单数名词直接加's； 2 名词性物主代词省略式：如 Mary’s 代指 Mary’s bag； 3 无生命名词多用 of 所有格（练习侧重's 所有格）。 巩固练习 一、单项选择（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. —What’s your ______ to learn English well? —I read English for half an hour every morning. A. ability B. accident C. address D. advantage 2. There are many outdoor ______ in our school, like running and playing basketball. A. act B. action C. activity D. activities 3. I met an old friend on my way to the ______ yesterday. A. airport B. air C. alarm D. ache 4. —Can you give me some ______ on how to make friends? —Sure. Be kind and honest to others. A. advise B. advice C. advises D. advices 5. This is ______ new book. It’s very interesting. A. Tom B. Toms C. Tom’s D. Toms’ 6. There is a big tree in front of the ______ of our school. A. gate B. address C. account D. adult 7. I need two ______ of bread and a glass of milk for breakfast. A. piece B. pieces C. piece’s D. pieces’ 8. —Whose bag is this? —It’s ______. She left it here just now. A. Mary B. Marys C. Mary’s D. a Mary’s 9. The ______ of the city is very beautiful at night. A. light B. lights C. light’s D. lights’ 10. We should take ______ to protect the environment around us. A. action B. activity C. act D. acts 二、单句语法填空（共 10 小题，每题 1 分，满分 10 分） 用括号内所给词汇的正确形式填空，每题一空。 1. He has the ______ (able) to finish the work alone in an hour. 2. A car ______ (accident) happened on the road near the park yesterday. 3. Our teacher often tells us about the ______ (important) of reading. 4. Please write down your name and ______ (address) on the paper. 5. There are many after-school ______ (activity) in our class. 6. This is my ______ (father) new phone. He bought it last week. 7. I have a few ______ (question) to ask you about the English homework. 8. Above all, we should care about the ______ (safe) of ourselves. 9. The ______ (adult) in the room are all teachers from our school. 10. She got an ______ (invite) to the party, but she didn’t go. 三、句子翻译（共 5 小题，每题 2 分，满分 10 分） 汉译英（3 题，必须使用括号内词汇） 1. 他有说英语的能力。（ability） _____________________________________________________________________ 2. 这是我同桌的地址。（address, 名词所有格） _____________________________________________________________________ 3. 首先，我们应该参加更多的学校活动。（above all, activity） _____________________________________________________________________ 英译汉（2 题） 1. He is absent from the meeting because of a bad cold. _____________________________________________________________________ 2. We should take action to help the people in need. _____________________________________________________________________ 四、完形填空（共 15 小题，每题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：校园社团的意外收获 I’ve always wanted to improve my English ______ (1), so when our school announced new club ______ (2) this term, I didn’t hesitate to join the English club. My mom gave me some useful ______ (3): “Don’t be shy to speak up—practice makes perfect.” The club’s first activity was a story-sharing party. I spent two evenings preparing my story about a brave ______ (4) who saved a lost child. I even wrote down key sentences to avoid forgetting them. On the day of the party, I arrived early to check the ______ (5) of the club—Room 403 on the fourth floor. To my surprise, many classmates were already there, including my deskmate Lily, who has a real ______ (6) for public speaking. As the party started, I suddenly felt nervous. What if I made mistakes? Just then, the club leader Ms. Wang said, “______ (7) all, everyone is here to learn. Your courage to try is more important than being perfect.” Her words gave me confidence. When it was my turn, I took a deep breath and began. At first, my voice was small, but soon I got into the story. ______ (8), a small ______ (9) happened—I dropped my note card. But instead of laughing, everyone encouraged me to go on. I continued without looking at the card, and to my joy, I remembered every word! After I finished, the room filled with ______ (10). Later, Lily came up to me and said, “You did a great job! Your story was so moving.” She also shared some ______ (11) on how to improve story-telling skills. That day, I realized joining the club was a great ______ (12) to practice English. It wasn’t just about winning a prize or getting praise—it was about gaining ______ (13) and making friends who share the same interest. Now, I look forward to every club ______ (14). I’ve learned that mistakes are not ______ (15) but stepping stones to progress. And most importantly, I’ve found the joy of using English in real life. 1. A. ability B. able C. abilities D. ables 2. A. activity B. activities C. act D. actions 3. A. advise B. advises C. advice D. advices 4. A. adult B. adults C. adult’s D. adults’ 5. A. address B. place C. name D. time 6. A. gift B. ability C. skill D. hobby 7. A. Above B. At C. In D. On 8. A. Suddenly B. Luckily C. Usually D. Normally 9. A. accident B. mistake C. problem D. trouble 10. A. cheer B. cheers C. cheerful D. cheering 11. A. tip B. tips C. advice D. suggestion 12. A. chance B. chances C. way D. ways 13. A. confident B. confidence C. proud D. pride 14. A. meet B. meeting C. meets D. meetings 15. A. enemy B. enemies C. friend D. friends 五、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分） 阅读短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 话题：培养阅读能力的重要性 Reading is an important ability for every student. It can not only help us get more knowledge, but also improve our thinking ability. Above all, reading can make our life more colorful and help us grow better. Many students say they don’t have time to read, but the real reason is that they don’t have a good reading habit. Some students spend much time on computer games or mobile phones, so they are often absent from reading. Some students only read textbooks for their lessons, but they don’t read any other books. In fact, reading different kinds of books is good for us. For example, reading storybooks can make us relaxed, reading science books can help us know more about the world, and reading history books can let us learn from the past. How can we develop our reading ability? First, we should make a reading plan. We can read for 15 to 30 minutes every day. Second, we can join a reading club in our school. We can share our reading ideas with other students and get good advice from teachers. Third, we should take action right now. Don’t wait for tomorrow. Reading is a lifelong journey. Let’s start reading now and make it a part of our life. We will find that reading brings us many advantages and makes us a better person. 1. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The importance of reading ability. B. The ways to get more knowledge. C. How to improve thinking ability. D. Why students need to study hard. 2. Why don’t many students read according to the passage? A. They have too much homework. B. They don’t like reading at all. C. They don’t have a good reading habit. D. They don’t have enough books to read. 3. What kind of books can make students relaxed? A. Science books. B. Storybooks. C. History books. D. Textbooks. 4. How many ways to develop reading ability are mentioned in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 5. What can we learn from the passage? A. Reading only textbooks is enough for students. B. Students should spend all their time on reading. C. Reading is a journey that lasts for a short time. D. Students should start reading and make it a habit. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 21天突破中考英语核心语法点 Day 3：冠词 巩固练习答案与解析 一、单项选择答案及解析 1. 答案：C 解析：考查冠词用法。第一空表 “一个篮球”，basketball 以辅音音素开头，用 a；第二空球类运动前用零冠词，play basketball 为固定搭配。 2. 答案：B 解析：考查不定冠词 an。engineer 以元音音素开头，表 “一名工程师”，用 an。 3. 答案：A 解析：考查冠词辨析。第一空表特指 “树下的女孩”，用 the；第二空表 “一本有趣的书”，interesting 以元音音素开头，用 an。 4. 答案：C 解析：考查定冠词。Spring Festival 是中国传统节日，前加 the；most important 是形容词最高级，前加 the。 5. 答案：B 解析：考查零冠词。三餐、go to school（去上学）均为固定搭配，前用零冠词。 6. 答案：B 解析：考查冠词辨析。第一空表特指 “穿蓝外套的男人”，用 the；第二空表 “一名医生”，doctor 以辅音音素开头，用 a。 7. 答案：C 解析：考查冠词用法。乐器前加 the，play the piano；棋类前用零冠词，play chess。 8. 答案：A 解析：考查定冠词。世界上独一无二的事物（earth, sun）前加 the。 9. 答案：B 解析：考查不定冠词。uncle 和 aunt 均以元音音素开头，用 an；university 以辅音音素开头，用 a。 10. 答案：A 解析：考查冠词用法。学科名称 English 前用零冠词；useful 以辅音音素开头，表 “一门有用的学科”，用 a。 二、单句语法填空答案及解析 1. 答案：An 解析：apple 以元音音素开头，表 “一个苹果”，用 an，句首首字母大写。 2. 答案：an 解析：art 以元音音素开头，表 “一节美术课”，用 an。 3. 答案：a; the 解析：第一空 bird 以辅音音素开头，表 “一只鸟”，用 a；第二空 sky 是独一无二的，前加 the。 4. 答案：/ 解析：newspaper 表泛指 “看报纸”，前用零冠词。 5. 答案：The 解析：江河湖海等专有名词前加 the，the Yellow River “黄河”，句首首字母大写。 6. 答案：the 解析：形容词最高级 tallest 前加 the。 7. 答案：/; the 解析：第一空球类运动 football 前用零冠词；第二空表特指 “学校的操场”，用 the。 8. 答案：a; The 解析：第一空表 “一辆新自行车”，new 以辅音音素开头，用 a；第二空表特指上文提到的自行车，用 the。 9. 答案：the 解析：go to the cinema “去看电影”，为固定搭配。 10. 答案：the; the 解析：第一空表特指 “我们的数学老师”，用 the；第二空表特指 “老师的办公室”，用 the。 三、句子翻译答案及解析 汉译英 1. 答案：This is a useful English dictionary, and I use it every day. 解析：核心句型：并列句（and 连接）；核心用法：useful 以辅音音素开头，用 a 修饰，符合不定冠词用法。 2. 答案：Shanghai is one of the largest cities in China. 解析：核心句型：one of+the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词（最…… 之一）；核心用法：最高级前加 the，符合定冠词用法。 3. 答案：We have a history lesson and a geography lesson on Monday morning. 解析：核心句型：主谓宾结构；核心用法：Monday morning 前用零冠词，“一节历史课 / 地理课” 用 a 修饰，兼顾零冠词与不定冠词用法。 英译汉 1. 答案：这位老人通常晚饭后在公园散步。 解析：核心用法：the old man 表特指，the park 表特指，after dinner（三餐后）用零冠词，贴合冠词核心知识点。 2. 答案：她想要学习拉小提琴，因为她认为它是一种优美的乐器。 解析：核心用法：play the violin（乐器前加 the），a beautiful instrument（表泛指，用 a），覆盖定冠词与不定冠词用法。 四、完形填空答案及解析 1. 答案：A 解析：考查不定冠词 a。special 以辅音音素开头，表 “一场特别的音乐节”，用 a。 2. 答案：C 解析：考查定冠词 the。表特指 “我们班负责的小提琴表演”，用 the。 3. 答案：A 解析：考查固定搭配。a lot of “许多”，为中考高频短语，用 a。 4. 答案：C 解析：考查定冠词 the。乐器 violin 前加 the，句首首字母大写。 5. 答案：C 解析：考查定冠词 the。表特指 “举办音乐节的大厅”，用 the。 6. 答案：C 解析：考查定冠词 the。stage 表特指 “音乐节的舞台”，用 the。 7. 答案：A 解析：考查不定冠词 a。famous 以辅音音素开头，表 “一首著名的曲子”，用 a。 8. 答案：/ 解析：考查零冠词。applause 为不可数名词，表泛指 “热烈的掌声”，前用零冠词。 9. 答案：A 解析：考查不定冠词 a。do a wonderful job “做得很棒”，为固定搭配，用 a。 10. 答案：A 解析：考查不定冠词 a。universal 以辅音音素开头，表 “一种通用的语言”，用 a。 11. 答案：the 解析：考查固定搭配。the other “另一个”，指 “另一个班的学生”，用 the。 12. 答案：A 解析：考查不定冠词 a。experience 表 “经历” 时为可数名词，great 以辅音音素开头，用 a。 13. 答案：/ 解析：考查零冠词。success 为不可数名词，表泛指 “成功”，前用零冠词。 14. 答案：C 解析：考查定冠词 the。表特指 “我们在舞台上展示才华的那一天”，用 the。 15. 答案：D 解析：考查such的固定用法。such后接单数可数名词时，结构为 **such + a/an + 名词（如such a festival）；若名词前有a/an，则a/an需置于such后，本句选项无such a的组合，因此空白处不填，正确表达为have such a festival，此处因选项设置限制，选零冠词/。such的核心用法：such + (a/an) + 形容词(可省) + 名词**，a/an不可放在such前。 五、阅读理解答案及解析 1. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段 “Classes start at 9:00 a.m.” 可知英国中学生上午 9 点开始上课。 2. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段 “During the break, they can go to the playground to play football or basketball, or buy snacks from the shop” 可知，学生可以在课间做运动或买零食。 3. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段 “Lunch is from 12:30 p.m. to 1:30 p.m.” 可知，午餐时间为一小时。 4. 答案：B 解析：细节判断题。根据第三段 “Unlike in China, students in the UK have a lot of free time” 可知，英国学生比中国学生有更多空闲时间。 5. 答案：A 解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了英国中学生的一天校园生活，A 选项最能概括全文主旨。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $