Unit 2 Safety 安全（话题阅读精练）英语新教材冀教版八年级下册

Unit 2 Safety 安全 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 235 本文主要介绍了家庭安全非常重要，每隔几个月进行一次快速的安全检查有助于预防事故，并给出具体指导。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 191 本文介绍了流鼻血、烧伤、割伤三种常见意外伤害的急救处理方法。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 345 本文讲述了14岁的Leo因追逐篮球冲上结冰的马路险些被车撞倒，虽仅扭伤手腕但从中吸取教训的故事，旨在强调交通安全的重要性。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 192 本文主要介绍了高层建筑火灾时不同楼层（低层、同层、上层）的逃生方法及注意事项。   Passage3 完形填空 记叙文 197 本文讲述了Lily在厨房帮妈妈做饭时，不小心被热锅烫伤手。妈妈冷静地按照正确的急救步骤处理了烫伤，有效缓解了Lily的疼痛。 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 147 本文主要讲述了作者上周五下午在厨房和妈妈一起时，遇到油锅起火和妹妹摔倒的紧急情况。 Passage5 完形填空 说明文 131 本文讲述照顾好自己很重要，介绍了受伤、生病时的正确处理方式，提醒人们注意安全、关爱自身健康。 Passage1时文阅读 Safety at home 家庭安全 Safety at home is very important, but sometimes we forget about the small dangers around us. Doing a quick safety check every few months can help prevent accidents. You don’t need to be an expert (专家), just use your eyes and common sense. Start in the kitchen, one of the busiest rooms. Make sure your smoke alarm works by testing the button (按钮). Check that the fire extinguisher is easy to reach and not expired (到期的). Look at the stove area. Are paper towels or curtains too close to it? They can catch fire easily. Always remember to turn off the stove completely after cooking. Next, check the bathroom. The floor can be very slippery when wet. A non-slip mat in the bathtub (浴盆) or shower is a good idea. Feel the water temperature with your hand before getting in. Very hot water can burn your skin in seconds. Also, never use a hairdryer (吹风机) or phone near the bathtub. Finally, take a walk through other rooms. Check if electrical cords (线) are in good condition and not under carpets (地毯). Make sure your flashlight has working batteries in case the power goes out at night. Spending a little time on these checks can make your home a much safer place for everyone. 家庭安全至关重要，但有时我们会忽略身边那些不起眼的安全隐患。每隔几个月做一次快速安全检查，能有效预防意外发生。你不必是安全专家，只需用眼观察、凭借常识即可。 先从家中最忙碌的厨房开始检查。按下测试按钮，确保烟雾报警器能正常工作；检查灭火器是否便于取用，且未过有效期。查看灶台区域，纸巾、窗帘是否离灶台过近？这些物品极易起火。烹饪结束后，务必彻底关闭炉灶。 接下来检查卫生间。地面沾水后会非常湿滑，在浴缸或淋浴区铺一块防滑垫是个不错的选择。入水前先用手试水温，滚烫的水瞬间就会烫伤皮肤。此外，切勿在浴缸附近使用吹风机或手机。 最后，巡查家中其他房间。检查电线是否完好，没有被压在地毯下；确保手电筒装有可用电池，以防夜间突然停电。 花一点时间做好这些检查，就能让家成为对所有人都更安全的地方。 【长难句分析】 ‌1.Safety at home is very important, but sometimes we forget about the small dangers around us. ‌翻译:‌ 家庭安全至关重要，但有时我们会忽略身边那些微小的安全隐患。 ‌重点:‌ 由转折连词 but连接的并列句，包含两个独立简单句： 前分句：Safety at home（主语）+ is（系动词）+ very important（表语） 后分句：we（主语）+ forget about（谓语）+ the small dangers around us（宾语） 并列句核心：but 表语义转折，连接两个逻辑相关的分句，是实用基础句式； 后置定语：around us 是介词短语，后置修饰 dangers，译为 “身边的隐患”； 固定短语：forget about 忽视、忘记；safety at home 家庭安全。 ‌2.Make sure your smoke alarm works by testing the button. ‌翻译:‌ 按下测试按钮，确保烟雾报警器能够正常工作。 ‌重点:‌ 祈使句（无主语，动词原形开头）+ 省略 that 的宾语从句 + 方式状语： 主句：make sure（谓语） 宾语从句：(that) your smoke alarm works（主语 + 谓语） 方式状语：by testing the button（by + 动名词，表 “通过做某事”） 祈使句：表建议 / 要求，安全提示类文本高频句式； 宾语从句：make sure 后可省略引导词 that； 核心语法：by doing sth. 通过做某事，表方式、手段； 重点词汇：smoke alarm 烟雾报警器；test the button 测试按钮。 ‌3.Spending a little time on these checks can make your home a much safer place for everyone. ‌翻译:‌ 花一点时间做这些检查，能让你的家成为对每个人而言都更安全的地方。 ‌重点:动名词短语作主语的简单句，结构：主语（动名词短语）+ 谓语 + 宾语 + 名词宾补 主语：Spending a little time on these checks（动名词作主语，谓语用单数） 谓语：can make 宾语：your home 宾补：a much safer place for everyone 核心考点：动名词 (doing) 作主语，谓语动词用单数； 使役动词：make + 宾语 + 名词宾补，意为 “使…… 成为……”； 比较级：much safer 更安全得多，much 修饰比较级表程度； 固定搭配：spend time on sth. 在某事上花费时间。 【重难词汇梳理】 英文单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文释义 文中例句 safety /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全 Safety at home is very important. prevent /prɪˈvent/ v. 预防；阻止 help prevent accidents accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 意外；事故 help prevent accidents expert /ˈekspɜːt/ n. 专家 You don’t need to be an expert. common sense /ˌkɒmən ˈsens/ n. 常识 just use your eyes and common sense smoke alarm /sməʊk əˈlɑːm/ n. 烟雾报警器 Make sure your smoke alarm works. fire extinguisher /ˈfaɪ ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃə(r)/ n. 灭火器 Check that the fire extinguisher is easy to reach. expire /ɪkˈspaɪə(r)/ v. 过期；到期 not expired stove /stəʊv/ n. 炉灶；火炉 Look at the stove area. curtain /ˈkɜːtn/ n. 窗帘 Are paper towels or curtains too close to it? catch fire /kætʃ ˈfaɪə(r)/ v. 着火 They can catch fire easily. slippery /ˈslɪpəri/ adj. 湿滑的 The floor can be very slippery when wet. burn /bɜːn/ v. 烫伤；烧伤 Very hot water can burn your skin. electrical cord /ɪˈlektrɪkl kɔːd/ n. 电线 Check if electrical cords are in good condition. carpet /ˈkɑːpɪt/ n. 地毯 not under carpets flashlight /ˈflæʃlaɪt/ n. 手电筒 Make sure your flashlight has working batteries. in case /ɪn keɪs/ conj. 以防；万一 in case the power goes out power goes out /ˈpaʊə ɡəʊz aʊt/ v. 停电 in case the power goes out at night Passage2 First aid 急救 Accidents can happen at home, at school, or on the way. It is important to know some first aid skills to help ourselves and others. Here are some common situations and what to do. 意外可能发生在家里、学校，也可能发生在路上。掌握一些急救技能来帮助自己和他人，是非常重要的。下面是一些常见突发情况及应对方法。 If you have a nosebleed: Sit down and lean forward slightly. Do not tilt your head back, as this can cause blood to go down your throat. Pinch the lower part of your nose for 5 to 10 minutes. If the bleeding does not stop after 15 minutes, you should see a doctor. 如果流鼻血： 坐下，身体微微前倾。不要仰头，否则血液会倒流进喉咙。 捏住鼻子下端，持续按压 5～10 分钟。 如果 15 分钟后仍流血不止，应及时就医。 If you get a burn: Cool the burn with cold running water for at least 10 minutes. Do not use ice, butter, or ointment, as this can make the injury worse. Cover the burn with a clean, dry cloth. If the burn is large, deep, or on the face, hands, or feet, go to the hospital immediately. 如果被烫伤： 用流动的冷水冲洗烫伤部位至少 10 分钟。不要用冰块、黄油或药膏涂抹，否则会加重伤情。 用干净、干燥的布盖住烫伤处。 如果烫伤面积大、伤口深，或烫伤部位在脸、手、脚上，要立刻去医院。 If you cut your finger: Wash the cut with clean water. Press on the cut with a clean cloth to stop the bleeding. If the cut is deep or you cannot stop the bleeding, you need medical help. 如果手指被割伤： 用清水冲洗伤口。 用干净的布按压伤口止血。 如果伤口很深或止不住血，需要及时就医。 【长难句分析】 1. It is important to know some first aid skills to help ourselves and others. ‌翻译:‌ 掌握一些急救技能来帮助自己和他人，是非常重要的。 ‌重点:It（形式主语）+ is + 形容词（important）+ 真正主语（to know some first aid skills）+ 目的状语（to help ourselves and others） 核心句型：It is + 形容词 + to do sth.，it 作形式主语，避免真正主语（不定式）过长导致句子头重脚轻 语法成分：第二个 to help... 是不定式作目的状语，表 “为了帮助……”。 固定搭配：first aid skills 急救技能。 2.Do not tilt your head back, as this can cause blood to go down your throat. ‌翻译:‌ 不要把头向后仰，因为这会导致血液流入你的喉咙。 ‌重点:主句：Do not tilt your head back（否定祈使句，表建议） 从句：as this can cause blood to go down your throat（as 引导原因状语，解释为什么不能仰头） 连词用法：as 此处表 **“因为”**，引导原因状语从句，语气比 because 弱。 高频结构：cause sb./sth. to do sth. 意为 “使…… 做某事；导致…… 做某事”。 短语：tilt...back 把…… 向后倾斜。 3.Do not use ice, butter, or ointment, as this can make the injury worse. ‌翻译:‌ 它真是一个我们都喜爱的美好季节。 ‌重点:否定祈使句 + as 引导的原因状语从句从句内包含：make + 宾语 + 形容词比较级（宾语补足语）结构 使役动词用法：make + 宾语 + 形容词 是核心结构，表 “使…… 变得……”，此处用比较级 worse 表 “更严重”。 并列结构：ice, butter, or ointment 三个名词并列，否定句中用 or 连接并列成分。 【重难点单词梳理】 单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文释义 accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 意外；事故 first aid /ˌfɜːst ˈeɪd/ n. 急救 skill /skɪl/ n. 技能；技巧 nosebleed /ˈnəʊzbliːd/ n. 流鼻血 lean forward /liːn ˈfɔːwəd/ 短语 身体前倾 slightly /ˈslaɪtli/ adv. 轻微地；稍微 tilt /tɪlt/ v. 倾斜；翘起 throat /θrəʊt/ n. 喉咙；咽喉 pinch /pɪntʃ/ v. 捏；按压 burn /bɜːn/ n./v. 烫伤；烧伤；灼伤 running water /ˈrʌnɪŋ ˈwɔːtə(r)/ n. 流水；自来水 at least /æt liːst/ 短语 至少 ointment /ˈɔɪntmənt/ n. 药膏；油膏 injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害；伤口；伤势 immediately /ɪˈmiːdiətli/ adv. 立即；马上 cut /kʌt/ n./v. 伤口；割伤；划破 medical help /ˈmedɪkl help/ n. 医疗救助；就医 实战演练 Passage1 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业） It was a cold Wednesday morning in early December. Fourteen-year-old Leo was walking to school with his friend Sam. They were talking about the basketball game after school and didn’t notice how icy the sidewalk was. Leo was bouncing his new basketball. “Look out!” Sam suddenly shouted. But it was too late. Leo’s foot slipped (滑) on a patch of black ice. The basketball flew from his hands, bounced twice, and rolled straight into the busy road. Without thinking, Leo rushed after it. He was in such a hurry to get his ball back that he didn’t look for cars. At that exact moment, Mr. Carter was driving to work. The street was icy, and even though he was driving slowly, his car couldn’t stop in time when Leo ran onto the road. There was a terrible screech (尖叫声) of tires. Leo fell to the ground, right at the edge of the street. He wasn’t hit by the car, but he fell hard on the icy road. Mr. Carter immediately stopped his car and rushed to help. A teacher, Ms. Lopez, who was also on her way to school, saw everything. She knew first aid. “Don’t move him!” she told Mr. Carter. She checked Leo, who was conscious (神志清醒的) but in shock and complaining of a sore wrist. Ms. Lopez used her scarf to gently support his wrist while Mr. Carter called an ambulance. The ambulance arrived quickly. At the hospital, doctors confirmed (确诊) Leo had a sprained (扭伤的) wrist, not a broken bone. He was very lucky. “You could have been badly hurt,” the doctor said seriously. “Never run into the street without looking, especially not for a ball.” Leo learned his lesson. He promised to always pay attention, look both ways, and never let himself be in such a hurry that he forgets safety. He returned to school the next day with his wrist bandaged, ready to share his story and warn his classmates. 1．Why did Leo run into the road? A．He was late for school. B．He was chasing his basketball. C．He didn’t see the car coming. D．He wanted to cross the street. 2．What was the first thing Ms. Lopez did to help Leo? A．She called an ambulance. B．She stopped the traffic. C．She told people not to move him. D．She drove him to the hospital. 3．Why couldn’t Mr. Carter’s car stop in time? A．He was driving too fast. B．Leo ran out suddenly. C．The street was icy. D．Both B and C． 4．What does the phrase “in shock” (Paragraph 4) most likely mean in the story? A．Feeling very angry about the accident. B．Feeling surprised and confused after something scary. C．Feeling excited to go to the hospital. D．Feeling pain from an injury. 5．What is the main purpose of this story? A．To teach an important lesson about street safety. B．To explain why winter roads are dangerous for drivers. C．To describe how to treat a sprained wrist. D．To tell an interesting story about a basketball game. Passage2 （25-26八年级上·浙江金华·期末） When a fire breaks out in a high-rise building, it’s really hard to put it out. So what should we do?Smoke can fill a high-rise building in just minutes. When you run away, you need to: Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel. Stay low to the ground and move quickly. Fire breaks out on the lower floors:●Open the door, and heavy smoke comes in. Stay inside. ●The corridor (走廊) is clear, but the stairwell (楼梯间) is smoky. Stay inside. ●Both the corridor and the stairwell are clear. Leave and go downward. Fire breaks out on the same floor:●Open the door and find the corridor is clear. Leave right away. ●The corridor is smoky. Stay inside, close the door, seal gaps (密封间隙) and wait for help. Fire breaks out on an upper floor:●People below face less immediate danger ●Leave the building by the stairs. ●Never use the elevators. Tips: ● Don’t waste time bringing expensive things. ●When waiting for help, show brightly colored clothes at the window to draw attention ●When leaving, pay attention to the exit sign 1．What should we do when a fire breaks out on an upper floor? A．Rush to the elevators quickly. B．Stay inside and wait for help. C．Leave the building by the stairs. D．Open windows and shout for help. 2．What can we do when waiting for help in a fire? A．Take all our valuable things. B．Run to the upper floors quickly. C．Wave a yellow coat at the window. D．Open the windows to let smoke out. 3．In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A．Fun Club. B．Building Science. C．Movie World. D．Public Safety. Passage3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卷的相应位置。 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）Last Friday, Lily was helping her mom cook in the kitchen when she accidentally touched the hot pan. Her hand 1 at once, and she cried out in pain. Mom heard her and ran over quickly. “Don’t touch it with your other hand!” Mom said 2 . She immediately took Lily’s hand to the sink and put it under 3 running water for 15 minutes. This is the first rule for dealing with a minor burn—cool the burn quickly to 4 the pain and stop swelling. After that, Mom 5 the water and dried Lily’s hand with a clean towel. She didn’t put any butter or ice on it, because these things will 6 the burn worse. Then Mom covered the small burn with a clean 7 , which can protect it from dirt and infection. Lily felt the pain was much 8 after that. Mom told her, “It’s a minor burn, so no need for 9 help, but you should avoid touching hot things for a few days.” Lily nodded and said, “I will be more 10 when cooking next time.” This small accident made Lily learn a lot of first aid knowledge for daily life. 1．A．hurt B．broke C．bled D．raised 2．A．calmly B．nervously C．happily D．carelessly 3．A．hot B．warm C．cold D．clean 4．A．increase B．ease C．stop D．start 5．A．turned on B．turned off C．turned up D．turned down 6．A．make B．let C．take D．keep 7．A．cloth B．ice C．bandage D．paper 8．A．worse B．lighter C．stronger D．heavier 9．A．personal B．physical C．medical D．mental 10．A．careful B．careless C．excited D．bored Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）Last Friday afternoon, I was in the kitchen with my mother. She was 1 some fish in hot oil when suddenly, the pan 2 fire. My mother was so shocked that she froze. I remembered the 3 skills we learned in class. I quickly told her to 4 the gas and cover the pan with a lid. Just then, my little sister ran into the kitchen. She was so 5 that she tripped and fell, hitting her head on the floor. She started to cry 6 . I checked her head and found a small bruise. I told her to 7 still while I got a cold cloth. My father came home soon after. He praised me for acting 8 and keeping everyone safe. This experience taught me that it’s important to stay 9 in an emergency. We should always know how to protect 10 and others. 1．A．frying B．burning C．throwing D．rolling 2．A．caught B．got C．turned D．fell 3．A．first aid B．music C．art D．PE 4．A．turn on B．turn off C．turn up D．turn down 5．A．careful B．careless C．nervous D．excited 6．A．happily B．sadly C．painfully D．nervously 7．A．lie B．lay C．laid D．lying 8．A．slowly B．quickly C．carelessly D．happily 9．A．calm B．shocked C．painful D．harmful 10．A．ourselves B．yourself C．himself D．themselves Passage 5 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）It’s important to take care of 1 . If you get hurt, you should know what to do. For example, if you 2 your finger, you should clean the cut and put a bandage on it. If you fall off your bike and 3 your knee, you should put some ice on it. If you have a toothache, you 4 see a dentist. If you have a stomachache, you 5 eat so much next time. You 6 lie down and rest. When you are with friends, you should always be careful. Don’t run around or you may hurt 7 . And remember, your health is in your own hands. You 8 take good care of yourself. If you do, you 9 feel better soon. And you can 10 your life more. 1．A．you B．your C．yourself D．yours 2．A．cut B．cuts C．cutting D．to cut 3．A．hurt B．hurts C．hurting D．to hurt 4．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can’t 5．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can 6．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can’t 7．A．you B．your C．yourself D．yours 8．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can 9．A．will B．won’t C．would D．wouldn’t 10．A．enjoy B．enjoys C．enjoyed D．enjoying 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 7 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Safety 安全 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 235 本文主要介绍了家庭安全非常重要，每隔几个月进行一次快速的安全检查有助于预防事故，并给出具体指导。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 191 本文介绍了流鼻血、烧伤、割伤三种常见意外伤害的急救处理方法。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 345 本文讲述了14岁的Leo因追逐篮球冲上结冰的马路险些被车撞倒，虽仅扭伤手腕但从中吸取教训的故事，旨在强调交通安全的重要性。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 192 本文主要介绍了高层建筑火灾时不同楼层（低层、同层、上层）的逃生方法及注意事项。   Passage3 完形填空 记叙文 197 本文讲述了Lily在厨房帮妈妈做饭时，不小心被热锅烫伤手。妈妈冷静地按照正确的急救步骤处理了烫伤，有效缓解了Lily的疼痛。 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 147 本文主要讲述了作者上周五下午在厨房和妈妈一起时，遇到油锅起火和妹妹摔倒的紧急情况。 Passage5 完形填空 说明文 131 本文讲述照顾好自己很重要，介绍了受伤、生病时的正确处理方式，提醒人们注意安全、关爱自身健康。 时文阅读 Passage1 Safety at home 家庭安全 Safety at home is very important, but sometimes we forget about the small dangers around us. Doing a quick safety check every few months can help prevent accidents. You don’t need to be an expert (专家), just use your eyes and common sense. Start in the kitchen, one of the busiest rooms. Make sure your smoke alarm works by testing the button (按钮). Check that the fire extinguisher is easy to reach and not expired (到期的). Look at the stove area. Are paper towels or curtains too close to it? They can catch fire easily. Always remember to turn off the stove completely after cooking. Next, check the bathroom. The floor can be very slippery when wet. A non-slip mat in the bathtub (浴盆) or shower is a good idea. Feel the water temperature with your hand before getting in. Very hot water can burn your skin in seconds. Also, never use a hairdryer (吹风机) or phone near the bathtub. Finally, take a walk through other rooms. Check if electrical cords (线) are in good condition and not under carpets (地毯). Make sure your flashlight has working batteries in case the power goes out at night. Spending a little time on these checks can make your home a much safer place for everyone. 家庭安全至关重要，但有时我们会忽略身边那些不起眼的安全隐患。每隔几个月做一次快速安全检查，能有效预防意外发生。你不必是安全专家，只需用眼观察、凭借常识即可。 先从家中最忙碌的厨房开始检查。按下测试按钮，确保烟雾报警器能正常工作；检查灭火器是否便于取用，且未过有效期。查看灶台区域，纸巾、窗帘是否离灶台过近？这些物品极易起火。烹饪结束后，务必彻底关闭炉灶。 接下来检查卫生间。地面沾水后会非常湿滑，在浴缸或淋浴区铺一块防滑垫是个不错的选择。入水前先用手试水温，滚烫的水瞬间就会烫伤皮肤。此外，切勿在浴缸附近使用吹风机或手机。 最后，巡查家中其他房间。检查电线是否完好，没有被压在地毯下；确保手电筒装有可用电池，以防夜间突然停电。 花一点时间做好这些检查，就能让家成为对所有人都更安全的地方。 【长难句分析】 ‌1.Safety at home is very important, but sometimes we forget about the small dangers around us. ‌翻译:‌ 家庭安全至关重要，但有时我们会忽略身边那些微小的安全隐患。 ‌重点:‌ 由转折连词 but连接的并列句，包含两个独立简单句： 前分句：Safety at home（主语）+ is（系动词）+ very important（表语） 后分句：we（主语）+ forget about（谓语）+ the small dangers around us（宾语） 并列句核心：but 表语义转折，连接两个逻辑相关的分句，是实用基础句式； 后置定语：around us 是介词短语，后置修饰 dangers，译为 “身边的隐患”； 固定短语：forget about 忽视、忘记；safety at home 家庭安全。 ‌2.Make sure your smoke alarm works by testing the button. ‌翻译:‌ 按下测试按钮，确保烟雾报警器能够正常工作。 ‌重点:‌ 祈使句（无主语，动词原形开头）+ 省略 that 的宾语从句 + 方式状语： 主句：make sure（谓语） 宾语从句：(that) your smoke alarm works（主语 + 谓语） 方式状语：by testing the button（by + 动名词，表 “通过做某事”） 祈使句：表建议 / 要求，安全提示类文本高频句式； 宾语从句：make sure 后可省略引导词 that； 核心语法：by doing sth. 通过做某事，表方式、手段； 重点词汇：smoke alarm 烟雾报警器；test the button 测试按钮。 ‌3.Spending a little time on these checks can make your home a much safer place for everyone. ‌翻译:‌ 花一点时间做这些检查，能让你的家成为对每个人而言都更安全的地方。 ‌重点:动名词短语作主语的简单句，结构：主语（动名词短语）+ 谓语 + 宾语 + 名词宾补 主语：Spending a little time on these checks（动名词作主语，谓语用单数） 谓语：can make 宾语：your home 宾补：a much safer place for everyone 核心考点：动名词 (doing) 作主语，谓语动词用单数； 使役动词：make + 宾语 + 名词宾补，意为 “使…… 成为……”； 比较级：much safer 更安全得多，much 修饰比较级表程度； 固定搭配：spend time on sth. 在某事上花费时间。 【重难词汇梳理】 英文单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文释义 文中例句 safety /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全 Safety at home is very important. prevent /prɪˈvent/ v. 预防；阻止 help prevent accidents accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 意外；事故 help prevent accidents expert /ˈekspɜːt/ n. 专家 You don’t need to be an expert. common sense /ˌkɒmən ˈsens/ n. 常识 just use your eyes and common sense smoke alarm /sməʊk əˈlɑːm/ n. 烟雾报警器 Make sure your smoke alarm works. fire extinguisher /ˈfaɪ ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃə(r)/ n. 灭火器 Check that the fire extinguisher is easy to reach. expire /ɪkˈspaɪə(r)/ v. 过期；到期 not expired stove /stəʊv/ n. 炉灶；火炉 Look at the stove area. curtain /ˈkɜːtn/ n. 窗帘 Are paper towels or curtains too close to it? catch fire /kætʃ ˈfaɪə(r)/ v. 着火 They can catch fire easily. slippery /ˈslɪpəri/ adj. 湿滑的 The floor can be very slippery when wet. burn /bɜːn/ v. 烫伤；烧伤 Very hot water can burn your skin. electrical cord /ɪˈlektrɪkl kɔːd/ n. 电线 Check if electrical cords are in good condition. carpet /ˈkɑːpɪt/ n. 地毯 not under carpets flashlight /ˈflæʃlaɪt/ n. 手电筒 Make sure your flashlight has working batteries. in case /ɪn keɪs/ conj. 以防；万一 in case the power goes out power goes out /ˈpaʊə ɡəʊz aʊt/ v. 停电 in case the power goes out at night Passage2 First aid 急救 Accidents can happen at home, at school, or on the way. It is important to know some first aid skills to help ourselves and others. Here are some common situations and what to do. 意外可能发生在家里、学校，也可能发生在路上。掌握一些急救技能来帮助自己和他人，是非常重要的。下面是一些常见突发情况及应对方法。 If you have a nosebleed: Sit down and lean forward slightly. Do not tilt your head back, as this can cause blood to go down your throat. Pinch the lower part of your nose for 5 to 10 minutes. If the bleeding does not stop after 15 minutes, you should see a doctor. 如果流鼻血： 坐下，身体微微前倾。不要仰头，否则血液会倒流进喉咙。 捏住鼻子下端，持续按压 5～10 分钟。 如果 15 分钟后仍流血不止，应及时就医。 If you get a burn: Cool the burn with cold running water for at least 10 minutes. Do not use ice, butter, or ointment, as this can make the injury worse. Cover the burn with a clean, dry cloth. If the burn is large, deep, or on the face, hands, or feet, go to the hospital immediately. 如果被烫伤： 用流动的冷水冲洗烫伤部位至少 10 分钟。不要用冰块、黄油或药膏涂抹，否则会加重伤情。 用干净、干燥的布盖住烫伤处。 如果烫伤面积大、伤口深，或烫伤部位在脸、手、脚上，要立刻去医院。 If you cut your finger: Wash the cut with clean water. Press on the cut with a clean cloth to stop the bleeding. If the cut is deep or you cannot stop the bleeding, you need medical help. 如果手指被割伤： 用清水冲洗伤口。 用干净的布按压伤口止血。 如果伤口很深或止不住血，需要及时就医。 【长难句分析】 1. It is important to know some first aid skills to help ourselves and others. ‌翻译:‌ 掌握一些急救技能来帮助自己和他人，是非常重要的。 ‌重点:It（形式主语）+ is + 形容词（important）+ 真正主语（to know some first aid skills）+ 目的状语（to help ourselves and others） 核心句型：It is + 形容词 + to do sth.，it 作形式主语，避免真正主语（不定式）过长导致句子头重脚轻 语法成分：第二个 to help... 是不定式作目的状语，表 “为了帮助……”。 固定搭配：first aid skills 急救技能。 2.Do not tilt your head back, as this can cause blood to go down your throat. ‌翻译:‌ 不要把头向后仰，因为这会导致血液流入你的喉咙。 ‌重点:主句：Do not tilt your head back（否定祈使句，表建议） 从句：as this can cause blood to go down your throat（as 引导原因状语，解释为什么不能仰头） 连词用法：as 此处表 **“因为”**，引导原因状语从句，语气比 because 弱。 高频结构：cause sb./sth. to do sth. 意为 “使…… 做某事；导致…… 做某事”。 短语：tilt...back 把…… 向后倾斜。 3.Do not use ice, butter, or ointment, as this can make the injury worse. ‌翻译:‌ 它真是一个我们都喜爱的美好季节。 ‌重点:否定祈使句 + as 引导的原因状语从句从句内包含：make + 宾语 + 形容词比较级（宾语补足语）结构 使役动词用法：make + 宾语 + 形容词 是核心结构，表 “使…… 变得……”，此处用比较级 worse 表 “更严重”。 并列结构：ice, butter, or ointment 三个名词并列，否定句中用 or 连接并列成分。 【重难点单词梳理】 单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文释义 accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 意外；事故 first aid /ˌfɜːst ˈeɪd/ n. 急救 skill /skɪl/ n. 技能；技巧 nosebleed /ˈnəʊzbliːd/ n. 流鼻血 lean forward /liːn ˈfɔːwəd/ 短语 身体前倾 slightly /ˈslaɪtli/ adv. 轻微地；稍微 tilt /tɪlt/ v. 倾斜；翘起 throat /θrəʊt/ n. 喉咙；咽喉 pinch /pɪntʃ/ v. 捏；按压 burn /bɜːn/ n./v. 烫伤；烧伤；灼伤 running water /ˈrʌnɪŋ ˈwɔːtə(r)/ n. 流水；自来水 at least /æt liːst/ 短语 至少 ointment /ˈɔɪntmənt/ n. 药膏；油膏 injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害；伤口；伤势 immediately /ɪˈmiːdiətli/ adv. 立即；马上 cut /kʌt/ n./v. 伤口；割伤；划破 medical help /ˈmedɪkl help/ n. 医疗救助；就医 实战演练 Passage1 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业） It was a cold Wednesday morning in early December. Fourteen-year-old Leo was walking to school with his friend Sam. They were talking about the basketball game after school and didn’t notice how icy the sidewalk was. Leo was bouncing his new basketball. “Look out!” Sam suddenly shouted. But it was too late. Leo’s foot slipped (滑) on a patch of black ice. The basketball flew from his hands, bounced twice, and rolled straight into the busy road. Without thinking, Leo rushed after it. He was in such a hurry to get his ball back that he didn’t look for cars. At that exact moment, Mr. Carter was driving to work. The street was icy, and even though he was driving slowly, his car couldn’t stop in time when Leo ran onto the road. There was a terrible screech (尖叫声) of tires. Leo fell to the ground, right at the edge of the street. He wasn’t hit by the car, but he fell hard on the icy road. Mr. Carter immediately stopped his car and rushed to help. A teacher, Ms. Lopez, who was also on her way to school, saw everything. She knew first aid. “Don’t move him!” she told Mr. Carter. She checked Leo, who was conscious (神志清醒的) but in shock and complaining of a sore wrist. Ms. Lopez used her scarf to gently support his wrist while Mr. Carter called an ambulance. The ambulance arrived quickly. At the hospital, doctors confirmed (确诊) Leo had a sprained (扭伤的) wrist, not a broken bone. He was very lucky. “You could have been badly hurt,” the doctor said seriously. “Never run into the street without looking, especially not for a ball.” Leo learned his lesson. He promised to always pay attention, look both ways, and never let himself be in such a hurry that he forgets safety. He returned to school the next day with his wrist bandaged, ready to share his story and warn his classmates. 1．Why did Leo run into the road? A．He was late for school. B．He was chasing his basketball. C．He didn’t see the car coming. D．He wanted to cross the street. 2．What was the first thing Ms. Lopez did to help Leo? A．She called an ambulance. B．She stopped the traffic. C．She told people not to move him. D．She drove him to the hospital. 3．Why couldn’t Mr. Carter’s car stop in time? A．He was driving too fast. B．Leo ran out suddenly. C．The street was icy. D．Both B and C． 4．What does the phrase “in shock” (Paragraph 4) most likely mean in the story? A．Feeling very angry about the accident. B．Feeling surprised and confused after something scary. C．Feeling excited to go to the hospital. D．Feeling pain from an injury. 5．What is the main purpose of this story? A．To teach an important lesson about street safety. B．To explain why winter roads are dangerous for drivers. C．To describe how to treat a sprained wrist. D．To tell an interesting story about a basketball game. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 1．细节理解题。根据第2段“The basketball flew from his hands...Leo rushed after it”可知，Leo是为了追回篮球。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第4段“A teacher, Ms. Lopez, who was also on her way to school, saw everything. She knew first aid.‘Don’t move him!’ she told Mr. Carter”可知，Ms. Lopez的第一反应是阻止他人移动Leo。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第3段“The street was icy”和“Leo ran onto the road”可推断，路面结冰和Leo突然冲出共同导致车辆无法及时停下。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据第4段“She checked Leo, who was conscious (神志清醒的) but in shock and complaining of a sore wrist.”及上下文，Leo因惊吓而神志清醒但状态混乱，故“in shock”指“惊吓后的恍惚”。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据最后一段Leo的反思“He promised to always pay attention, look both ways, and never let himself be in such a hurry that he forgets safety.”及医生的警告“Never run into the street without looking”可知，故事核心是安全教育。故选A。 Passage2 （25-26八年级上·浙江金华·期末） When a fire breaks out in a high-rise building, it’s really hard to put it out. So what should we do?Smoke can fill a high-rise building in just minutes. When you run away, you need to: Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel. Stay low to the ground and move quickly. Fire breaks out on the lower floors:●Open the door, and heavy smoke comes in. Stay inside. ●The corridor (走廊) is clear, but the stairwell (楼梯间) is smoky. Stay inside. ●Both the corridor and the stairwell are clear. Leave and go downward. Fire breaks out on the same floor:●Open the door and find the corridor is clear. Leave right away. ●The corridor is smoky. Stay inside, close the door, seal gaps (密封间隙) and wait for help. Fire breaks out on an upper floor:●People below face less immediate danger ●Leave the building by the stairs. ●Never use the elevators. Tips: ● Don’t waste time bringing expensive things. ●When waiting for help, show brightly colored clothes at the window to draw attention ●When leaving, pay attention to the exit sign 1．What should we do when a fire breaks out on an upper floor? A．Rush to the elevators quickly. B．Stay inside and wait for help. C．Leave the building by the stairs. D．Open windows and shout for help. 2．What can we do when waiting for help in a fire? A．Take all our valuable things. B．Run to the upper floors quickly. C．Wave a yellow coat at the window. D．Open the windows to let smoke out. 3．In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A．Fun Club. B．Building Science. C．Movie World. D．Public Safety. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 1．细节理解题。根据“Fire breaks out on an upper floor: Leave the building by the stairs.”和“Never use the elevators”可知，起火点在上层时，应通过楼梯下楼逃生，且明确提示不要使用电梯。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“When waiting for help, show brightly colored clothes at the window to draw attention.”可知，等待救援时可在窗口挥舞鲜艳衣物，黄外套符合“brightly colored clothes”的描述。故选C。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕火灾逃生方法展开，属于公共安全知识，最适合归入“Public Safety（公共安全）” 栏目。故选D。 Passage3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卷的相应位置。 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）Last Friday, Lily was helping her mom cook in the kitchen when she accidentally touched the hot pan. Her hand 1 at once, and she cried out in pain. Mom heard her and ran over quickly. “Don’t touch it with your other hand!” Mom said 2 . She immediately took Lily’s hand to the sink and put it under 3 running water for 15 minutes. This is the first rule for dealing with a minor burn—cool the burn quickly to 4 the pain and stop swelling. After that, Mom 5 the water and dried Lily’s hand with a clean towel. She didn’t put any butter or ice on it, because these things will 6 the burn worse. Then Mom covered the small burn with a clean 7 , which can protect it from dirt and infection. Lily felt the pain was much 8 after that. Mom told her, “It’s a minor burn, so no need for 9 help, but you should avoid touching hot things for a few days.” Lily nodded and said, “I will be more 10 when cooking next time.” This small accident made Lily learn a lot of first aid knowledge for daily life. 1．A．hurt B．broke C．bled D．raised 2．A．calmly B．nervously C．happily D．carelessly 3．A．hot B．warm C．cold D．clean 4．A．increase B．ease C．stop D．start 5．A．turned on B．turned off C．turned up D．turned down 6．A．make B．let C．take D．keep 7．A．cloth B．ice C．bandage D．paper 8．A．worse B．lighter C．stronger D．heavier 9．A．personal B．physical C．medical D．mental 10．A．careful B．careless C．excited D．bored 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 1．句意：她的手立刻就疼了起来，她痛苦地叫了起来。 hurt（使）受伤；broke打破；bled流血；raised举起。根据“she accidentally touched the hot pan”可知，Lily碰到热锅后，手立刻受伤并因疼痛大叫。故选A。 2．句意：“别用你的另一只手碰它！”妈妈冷静地说。 calmly冷静地；nervously紧张地；happily开心地；carelessly粗心地。根据“Don’t touch it with your other hand!”以及下文内容可知，妈妈冷静地按照正确的急救步骤处理了烫伤。故选A。 3．句意：她立刻拉着Lily的手到水槽边，将她的手放进冰冷的流水里长达15分钟。 hot热的；warm温暖的；cold冷的；clean干净的。根据“put it under...running water for 15 minutes”可知，处理轻微烫伤的第一步是用流动的冷水冲洗，这是急救常识。故选C 4．句意：这是处理轻微烫伤的首要原则——快速冷却烫伤处，以缓解疼痛、阻止肿胀。 increase增加；ease缓解，减轻；stop停止；start开始。根据“cool the burn quickly to...the pain and stop swelling”可知，冷水冲洗的目的是快速缓解疼痛、阻止肿胀。故选B。 5．句意：之后，妈妈把水关掉了，并用一块干净的毛巾擦干了Lily的手。 turned on打开；turned off关掉；turned up调大（音量、水量等）；turned down调小（音量、水量等）。根据“After that, Mom...the water”可知，冲洗结束后，妈妈需要关掉水龙头，再用毛巾擦干手。故选B。 6．句意：她没有在上面涂黄油或冰，因为这些东西会使烫伤更严重。 make使；let让；take拿，取；keep保持。根据“because these things will...the burn worse”可知，黄油或冰会使烫伤情况更糟，make sth. worse“让某事更糟糕”。故选A。 7．句意：然后妈妈用干净的绷带覆盖了小伤口，这样可以保护它免受灰尘和感染。 cloth布，布料；ice冰；bandage绷带；paper纸。根据“Then Mom covered the small burn with a clean...which can protect it from dirt and infection.”可知，用干净的绷带覆盖烫伤处，可防止灰尘和感染，符合急救规范。故选C。 8．句意：从那以后，Lily感觉疼痛减轻了很多。 worse更糟的，更严重的；lighter更轻的；stronger更强的；heavier更重的。根据“Lily felt the pain was much...after that.”可知，经过处理后，Lily感觉疼痛减轻了很多，lighter在此处表示疼痛程度变轻。故选B。 9．句意：这是轻微烫伤，所以不需要医疗帮助，但接下来几天你要避免接触烫的东西。 personal个人的；physical身体的；medical医疗的；mental心理的。根据“It’s a minor burn, so no need for...help,”可知，轻微烫伤不需要医疗帮助，medical help指专业医疗救治。故选C。 10．句意：下次做饭时我会更小心的。 careful小心的，仔细的；careless粗心的；excited兴奋的；bored无聊的。根据“I will be more...when cooking next time.”可知，Lily承诺下次做饭会更小心，避免再次受伤。故选A。 Passage 4 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）Last Friday afternoon, I was in the kitchen with my mother. She was 1 some fish in hot oil when suddenly, the pan 2 fire. My mother was so shocked that she froze. I remembered the 3 skills we learned in class. I quickly told her to 4 the gas and cover the pan with a lid. Just then, my little sister ran into the kitchen. She was so 5 that she tripped and fell, hitting her head on the floor. She started to cry 6 . I checked her head and found a small bruise. I told her to 7 still while I got a cold cloth. My father came home soon after. He praised me for acting 8 and keeping everyone safe. This experience taught me that it’s important to stay 9 in an emergency. We should always know how to protect 10 and others. 1．A．frying B．burning C．throwing D．rolling 2．A．caught B．got C．turned D．fell 3．A．first aid B．music C．art D．PE 4．A．turn on B．turn off C．turn up D．turn down 5．A．careful B．careless C．nervous D．excited 6．A．happily B．sadly C．painfully D．nervously 7．A．lie B．lay C．laid D．lying 8．A．slowly B．quickly C．carelessly D．happily 9．A．calm B．shocked C．painful D．harmful 10．A．ourselves B．yourself C．himself D．themselves 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A frying油炸；burning燃烧；throwing扔；rolling滚动。根据“some fish in hot oil”可知，妈妈是在热油里炸鱼，“frying”符合语境，故选A。 2．句意：她正在热油里炸鱼，突然，油锅着火了。 caught抓住，着火；got得到；turned转动；fell落下。根据“the pan…fire”可知，此处是固定短语“catch fire”，意为“着火”，句子为一般过去时，catch的过去式为caught，故选A。 3．句意：我想起了我们在课堂上学到的急救技能。 first aid急救；music音乐；art艺术；PE体育。根据后文“cover the pan with a lid”等应对措施可知，这是急救技能，“first aid”符合语境，故选A。 4．句意：我赶紧叫她关掉煤气，用盖子盖住锅。 turn on打开；turn off关掉；turn up调大；turn down调小。根据“the pan caught fire”可知，油锅着火时应先关掉煤气，“turn off”符合语境，故选B。 5．句意：她太粗心了，以至于绊倒了，头撞到了地板上。 careful小心的；careless粗心的；nervous紧张的；excited兴奋的。根据“she tripped and fell, hitting her head on the floor”可知，妹妹是因为粗心才绊倒的，“careless”符合语境，故选B。 6．句意：她开始痛苦地哭起来。 happily开心地；sadly伤心地；painfully痛苦地；nervously紧张地。根据“hitting her head on the floor”和“a small bruise”可知，妹妹头撞到地板上有瘀伤，是痛苦地哭，“painfully”符合语境，故选C。 7．句意：我叫她躺着别动，我去拿一块冷布。 lie躺；lay放置，下蛋；laid放置；lying躺。根据“told her to…still”可知，“tell sb. to do sth.”意为“告诉某人做某事”，to后接动词原形，“lie still”意为“躺着别动”，符合语境，故选A。 8．句意：他表扬我行动迅速，保证了大家的安全。 slowly缓慢地；quickly迅速地；carelessly粗心地；happily开心地。根据“keeping everyone safe”可知，作者在紧急情况下行动迅速，“quickly”符合语境，故选B。 9．句意：这次经历教会我，在紧急情况下保持冷静很重要。 calm冷静的；shocked震惊的；painful痛苦的；harmful有害的。根据“in an emergency”和作者的应对表现可知，在紧急情况下要保持冷静，“calm”符合语境，故选A。 10．句意：我们应该始终知道如何保护自己和他人。 ourselves我们自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己；themselves他们自己。根据“We should always know how to protect…and others”可知，主语是We，对应的反身代词是ourselves，意为“我们自己”，故选A。 Passage 5 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）It’s important to take care of 1 . If you get hurt, you should know what to do. For example, if you 2 your finger, you should clean the cut and put a bandage on it. If you fall off your bike and 3 your knee, you should put some ice on it. If you have a toothache, you 4 see a dentist. If you have a stomachache, you 5 eat so much next time. You 6 lie down and rest. When you are with friends, you should always be careful. Don’t run around or you may hurt 7 . And remember, your health is in your own hands. You 8 take good care of yourself. If you do, you 9 feel better soon. And you can 10 your life more. 1．A．you B．your C．yourself D．yours 2．A．cut B．cuts C．cutting D．to cut 3．A．hurt B．hurts C．hurting D．to hurt 4．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can’t 5．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can 6．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can’t 7．A．you B．your C．yourself D．yours 8．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can 9．A．will B．won’t C．would D．wouldn’t 10．A．enjoy B．enjoys C．enjoyed D．enjoying 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．A 1．句意：照顾好你自己是很重要的。 you你；your你的；yourself你自己；yours你的东西。根据“It’s important to take care of”可知，此处指照顾好自己，固定搭配take care of oneself。故选C。 2．句意：例如，如果你割伤了你的手指，你应该清洗伤口并贴上绷带。 cut割伤，动词原形；cuts割伤，第三人称单数；cutting割伤，现在分词；to cut割伤，动词不定式。根据“if you...your finger”可知，主句为情态动词结构，if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语为you，谓语用原形。故选A。 3．句意：如果你从自行车上摔下来并且伤到了膝盖，你应该在上面敷一些冰。 hurt伤害，受伤，动词原形；hurts伤害，受伤，第三人称单数；hurting伤害，受伤，现在分词；to hurt伤害，受伤，动词不定式。根据“If you fall off your bike and”可知，and连接并列谓语，fall为原形，此处也用原形。故选A。 4．句意：如果你牙痛，你应该去看牙医。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；could可以；can’t不能。根据“If you have a toothache”可知，此处表示建议，应该看牙医。故选A。 5．句意：如果你胃痛，下次你不应该吃太多。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；could可以；can能。根据“If you have a stomachache”可知，胃痛不应该吃太多。故选B。 6．句意：你应该躺下休息。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；could可以；can’t不能。根据“lie down and rest”可知，此处表示建议，应该躺下休息。故选A。 7．句意：不要到处跑，否则你可能会伤到你自己。 you你；your你的；yourself你自己；yours你的东西。根据“you may hurt”可知，此处指伤到你自己，用反身代词。故选C。 8．句意：你应该照顾好你自己。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；could可以；can能。根据“take good care of yourself”可知，此处表示建议，应该照顾好自己。故选A。 9．句意：如果你这样做，你很快就会感觉好一些。 will将会；won’t将不会；would将会，过去式；wouldn’t将不会，过去式。根据“If you do”可知，if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，此处为肯定含义。故选A。 10．句意：并且你可以更享受你的生活。 enjoy享受，动词原形；enjoys享受，第三人称单数；enjoyed享受，过去式；enjoying享受，现在分词。根据“you can”可知，情态动词can后接动词原形。故选A。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $