Unit 2 Section B 词汇专项练习- 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section B How should we stay safe 新词汇专项巩固 课前笔记速记 1、 they pron. → _________ pron. (宾格) →_________adj. (形容词性物主代词) → _________ pron. (名词性物主代词) → _________ pron. (反身代词) 2. happily adv. → _________ adj. 快乐的;幸福的 → _________ n. 幸福;快乐 3.safety n. → _______ adj. 安全的;可靠的 →_______ adv. 安全地;平安地 4. sadly adv. →_________ adj. 悲伤的;难过的 → _________ n. 悲伤;难过 5. luckily adv. → _________ adj. 幸运的;侥幸的 → _________n. 运气;幸运 6. badly adv. 严重地 → _________ adj. 坏的;糟糕的__________(比较级）__________(最高级） 7. harm n. & v.→ _________ adj. 有害的;致伤的 8. shock n. → _________adj. 令人震惊的;可怕的；→_________ adj. 震惊的;震撼的 9.独自；靠自己______________ 10. 戒烟 __________=_______________ 第一组 随堂练习 一、根据句子意思填写单词。 1. It is important for children to know how to protect t______ from danger. 2. Please turn off the gas s______ after cooking. 3. The f______ from the candle lit(点燃） up the dark room. 4. The Red Cross gives a______ to people in need. 5. Wearing a helmet is a basic s______ rule for cycling. 6. We will have a party t______ to celebrate the New Year. 7. The doctor told her to take two p______ three times a day. 8. Many people are allergic to p______ butter. 9. The cut on his finger was deep and p______. 2、 正确形式填空。 1. She smiled ________ as she watched the children play. (happy) 2. The smell of ________ chicken made everyone hungry. (fry) 3. They found ________ in helping others. (happy） 4. After hearing the bad news, he sat in his room_________, feeling a deep sense of ________. (sad） 5. ________, the driver managed to stop the car before hitting the tree. (luck） 6. He ________ the ball across the field to his teammate. (throw) 7. It is ________ to your eyes to look at the sun directly during an eclipse. (harm) 8. Jim__________(burn) his arm and hand when he cooked dinner yesterday. 9.I hurt my foot _________ (bad) yesterday, so I had to stay at home. 10..Look! Your arm is ____________(blood)! What’s the matter? 11. The ________ truth was that they had lost everything in the fire. (pain) 12. He finished his homework ________ so he could go out and play. (quick) 13. The hiker made it back to camp ________ despite (尽管）the storm. (safe) 14. The dog was ________ under the tree, enjoying the shade. (lie) 15. Everyone was ________ by the sudden loud noise. (shock) 16. I stand on the stage ___________ (nervous). My face is turning red. 3、 完成句子。 1. 昨晚那栋旧房子着火了。 That old house ________ ________ last night. 2. 请打开电视，新闻要开始了。 Please ________ ________ the TV. The news is about to start. 3. 孩子们可以自己完成这个拼图。 The children can finish the puzzle ________ ________. 4. 我们正要离开时，电话响了。 We ________ ________ ________ leave when the phone rang. 5. 每个人都应该学习一些基本的急救知识。 Everyone should learn some basic ________ ________. 6. 我父母周末喜欢出去吃饭。 My parents like ________ ________ on weekends. 7. 医生告诉他躺下好好休息。 The doctor told him ________ ________ ________ and have a good rest. 8. 长时间看屏幕对眼睛有害。 Looking at screens for a long time ________ ________ ________ the eyes. 9. 她把旧杂志都扔掉了。 She ________ ________ all the old magazines. 10. 遵守安全规则在学校实验室里非常重要。 Following the ________ ________ is very important in the school lab. 11. 为了健康，他决定戒烟。 He decided to ________ ________ for the sake of his health. 12. 会议即将开始，请尽快就座。 The meeting ________ ________ ________ begin. Please take your seats quickly. 13. 这个化学物质可能对环境有害。 This chemical may ________ ________ ________ the environment. 14. 你能自己做决定吗？ Can you make the decision ________ ________? 4、 单项选择。 1. I didn't pass the exam, but ________, I have another chance next week. A. luck. B. lucky. C. luckily. D. luckier 2. The news about the earthquake was so ________ that everyone felt very sad. A. shocked. B. shocking. C. shock. D. shocks 3. After the long trip, she felt even ________ than before and needed more rest. A. bad. B. badly. C. worse. D. worst 4. Could you please ________ the radio a little? The music is too loud for me. A. turn on. B. turn off. C. turn down. D. turn up 5. When you feel tired, you should ________ and relax for a while. A. put down. B. write down. C. lie down. D. sit downn 第二部分 课后巩固 一，根据句子意思填写单词。 1. They taught the children how to take care of t______. 2. She placed the kettle on the s______ to boil water. 3. Do not play with matches, or you might start a f______. 4. The government sent a______ to the poor area. 5. For your own s______, please wear your seat belt. 6. The movie starts at 8 o’clock t______. 7. He forgot to take his p______ for his headache. 8. P______ is a common ingredient in many snacks. 9. His words caused her great p______ feelings. 二、正确形式填空 1.Mike __________(throw) down his schoolbag and turned on the TV. 2.What should you do when you meet __________ (safe) problems on your trip? 3.. He shook his head __________ (sad) as he knew the bad news. 4. Can’t you see the sign? It says “No __________(smoke)”. 5. He fell off his bike yesterday, but __________ (luck), he wasn’t hurt. He wouldn’t ride so fast. 6. When you are at a picnic outdoors, be careful not to step on anything __________(pain)! 7.She_________ (lie) down on the comfortable bed and fell asleep quickly. 8. Sweets can be __________ (harm) to children’s teeth. 9. The children learned to tie their shoes by ________. （they) 10. My favorite food is ________ chicken with rice. (fry) 11. For your own ________, please wear your seatbelt. (safe) 12. ________, I found my lost keys under the sofa. (luck) 13. We were ________ to hear that our teacher was leaving. (shock) 14. His nose ________ a little after he was hit by the ball. (bleed) 15、The firefighters arrived just in time to put out the ________ building. (burn) 三、将下列句子翻译成英语。 1. 昨晚那栋旧房子着火了。 ____________________________________ 2. 请打开电视，新闻要开始了。 ____________________________________ 3. 我们正要离开时，电话响了。 ____________________________________ 4. 长时间玩电脑游戏额对眼睛有害。 ____________________________________ 5. 遵守安全规则是非常重要。 ____________________________________ 6. 为了健康，他决定戒烟。 ____________________________________ 7. 你能自己做决定吗？ ____________________________________ 3、 短文填空。 shock/turn off/badly/ luck/lie down Last weekend, my friends and I went camping. We thought we had good 1. ______ because the weather forecast said it would be sunny. We arrived at the campsite and started to set up our tent. After dinner, Tom suggested telling ghost stories. The story he told was really 2. ______ , and we all felt a little scared. Suddenly, we heard a strange noise from the bushes. It turned out to be just a small animal, but for a moment, the situation felt much 3. ______ than any scary story! “Maybe we should 4. ______ the flashlight for more light,” I said, feeling nervous. Jane, who was the calmest among us, smiled and said, “Relax, everyone. Let’s just 5. ______ and look at the stars. It’s beautiful and peaceful here.” We all looked up at the sky. She was right. Under the countless bright stars, all our fear disappeared, and we spent a wonderful night. 参考答案： 一、根据句子意思填写单词 1. themselves 简析：孩子们知道如何保护自己免受危险很重要，protect oneself from...表示“保护自己免受……”，这里用反身代词themselves指代children。 2. stove 简析：做饭后要关掉煤气灶。gas stove表示“煤气灶”。 3. flame 简析：蜡烛的火焰照亮了黑暗的房间，flame意为“火焰”。 4. aid 简析：红十字会给有需要的人提供援助，give aid to...是固定搭配，表示“给……提供援助”。 5. safety 简析：戴头盔是骑自行车的基本安全规则，safety rule表示“安全规则”。 6. tonight 简析：我们今晚将举办派对庆祝新年，tonight表示“今晚”。 7. pills 简析：医生告诉她一天吃两片药，take pills表示“吃药”，这里用复数形式pills。 8. peanut 简析：很多人对花生酱过敏，peanut butter表示“花生酱”。 9. painful 简析：他手指上的伤口很深且疼痛，painful是形容词，意为“疼痛的”，作表语描述伤口的状态。 二、正确形式填空 1. happily 简析：修饰动词smiled要用副词happily，表示“开心地微笑”。 2. fried 简析：修饰名词chicken要用形容词fried，表示“煎好的鸡肉”。 3. happiness 简析：find happiness in doing sth.表示“在做某事中找到快乐”，这里用名词happiness作宾语。 4. sadly; sadness 简析：第一空修饰动词sat要用副词sadly，表示“悲伤地坐着”；第二空a deep sense of后面接名词sadness，表示“深深的悲伤感”。 5. Luckily 简析：幸运的是，司机在撞到树之前设法停下了车。这里用副词Luckily作状语，修饰整个句子。 6. threw 简析：根据语境可知用一般过去时，throw的过去式是threw，表示“扔”。 7. harmful 简析：在日食期间直视太阳对你的眼睛有害。be harmful to...表示“对……有害”，这里用形容词harmful。 8. burned / burnt 简析：yesterday表明时态是一般过去时，burn的过去式可以是burned或burnt，表示“烧伤”。 9. badly 简析：修饰动词hurt要用副词badly，表示“严重地受伤”。 10. bleeding 简析：look表明动作正在进行，is后面接现在分词bleeding构成现在进行时，表示“正在流血”。 11. painful 简析：修饰名词truth要用形容词painful，表示“痛苦的事实”。 12. quickly 简析：修饰动词finished要用副词quickly，表示“快速地完成”。 13. safely 简析：修饰动词made it back要用副词safely，表示“安全地返回”。 14. lying 简析：根据语境可知用现在进行时，be动词was后面接现在分词lying，表示“正躺在树下”。 15. shocked 简析：每个人都被突然的巨响震惊了。be shocked by...表示“被……震惊”，这里用形容词shocked作表语。 16. nervously 简析：修饰动词stand要用副词nervously，表示“紧张地站着”。 完成句子。 1. caught fire 简析：“catch fire”是固定短语，意为“着火”，last night是过去时间，所以用一般过去时caught。 2. turn on 简析：“turn on”表示“打开（电器、设备等）”。 3. by themselves 简析：“by oneself”表示“独自，某人自己”，这里指孩子们自己，用by themslves。 4. were about to 简析：“be about to do sth. when...”是固定句型，表示“正要做某事这时……”，根据rang可知用过去时态were about to。 5. first aid 简析：“first aid”是“急救”的意思。 6. eating out 简析：“like doing sth.”表示“喜欢做某事”，“eat out”是“出去吃饭”。 7. to lie down 简析：“tell sb. to do sth.”是“告诉某人做某事”，“lie down”是“躺下”。 8. is harmful to 简析：“be harmful to”是“对……有害”，动名词短语作主语谓语动词用is。 9. threw away 简析：“throw away”是“扔掉”，根据语境用一般过去时threw。 10. safety rules 简析：“safety rules”是“安全规则”。 11. give up smoking 简析：“give up doing sth.”是“放弃做某事”，“give up smoking”是“戒烟”。 12. is about to 简析：同第4题，“be about to”表示“即将”。 13. be harmful to 简析：同第8题，“be harmful to”。 14. by yourself? 简析：同第3题，“by oneself”表示“独自”。 四、单项选择。 1.答案：C 简析：这里需要副词luckily来修饰整个句子，表示“幸运地是”，A是名词“运气”，B是形容词“幸运的”，D是比较级“更幸运的”，均不符合。 2. 答案：B 简析：“shocking”常用来形容事物“令人震惊的”，“shocked”形容人“感到震惊的”，这里修饰news用shocking，C是动词原形，D是第三人称单数形式，均不对。3.答案：C 简析：由than可知用比较级，even可修饰比较级，bad的比较级是worse，A是原级，B是副词，D是最高级，所以选C。 4.答案：C 简析：根据音乐太吵了可知想要把收音机声音调小，“turn down”是“调小”，A是“打开”，B是“关闭”，D是“调大”，均不符合。 5.答案：C 简析：累了应该躺下休息，“lie down”是“躺下”，A是“放下”，B是“写下”，均不符合。 第二部分 一、根据句子意思填写单词 1. themselves解析：teach sb. to do sth. 表示“教某人做某事”，这里说他们教孩子们照顾自己，所以用反身代词themselves。 2. stove解析：根据“to boil water”（烧水）可知，是把水壶放在炉子上，stove意为“炉子”。 3. fire解析：play with matches（玩火柴）可能会引发火灾，start a fire是固定短语，意为“引发火灾”。 4. aid解析：政府给贫困地区送去援助，send aid表示“送去援助”。 5. safety解析：for one's own safety是固定短语，意为“为了某人自己的安全” 6. tonight解析：根据句子意思“电影今晚8点开始”，tonight表示“今晚”。 7. pill解析：他忘记带治头疼的药，take one's pill表示“吃药”。 8. peanut 解析:花生是很多零食中常见的成分 9. painful解析：他的话给她带来极大的痛苦感受，修饰名词feelings要用形容词painful，表示“痛苦的”。 二、正确形式填空 1. threw解析：and连接两个并列的动作，turned是过去式，所以throw也用过去式threw。 2. safety解析：修饰名词problems要用名词safety，safe是形容词，其名词形式是safety，表示“安全”。 3. sadly解析：修饰动词shook要用副词sadly，sad是形容词，其副词形式是sadly，表示“悲伤地”。 4. smoking解析：No smoking是固定标语，表示“禁止吸烟”，要用动名词形式。 5. luckily解析：根据“he wasn't hurt”可知他很幸运，修饰整个句子要用副词luckily，luck是名词，其副词形式是luckily，表示“幸运地”。 6. painful解析：修饰不定代词anything要用形容词painful，pain是名词，其形容词形式是painful，表示“疼痛的”。 7. lay解析：lie down是固定短语，意为“躺下”，根据fell可知用一般过去时，lie的过去式是lay。 8. harmful解析：be harmful to是固定短语，意为“对……有害”，harm是名词或动词，其形容词形式是harmful，表示“有害的”。 9. themselves解析：by oneself是固定短语，意为“独自”，they的反身代词是themselves。 10. fried解析：修饰名词chicken要用形容词fried，fry是动词，其形容词形式是fried，表示“油炸的”。 11. safety解析：for one's own safety是固定短语，意为“为了某人自己的安全”，safe是形容词，其名词形式是safety。 12. Luckily解析：修饰整个句子要用副词Luckily，luck是名词，其副词形式是Luckily，表示“幸运地”。 13. shocked解析：be shocked to do sth. 表示“做某事很震惊”，shock是动词，其形容词形式是shocked，用来形容人“感到震惊的”。 14. bled解析：根据was可知用一般过去时，bleed的过去式是bled。 15. burning解析：修饰名词building要用形容词burning，burn是动词，其形容词形式是burning，表示“着火的”。 翻译： 1. 昨晚那栋旧房子着火了。 The old house caught fire last night. 2. 请打开电视，新闻要开始了。 Please turn on the TV. The news is about to start. 3. 我们正要离开时，电话响了。 We were about to leave when the phone rang. 4. 长时间玩电脑游戏额对眼睛有害。 Playing computer games for a long time is bad for eyes. 5. 遵守安全规则是非常重要。 It is very important to follow safety rules. 6. 为了健康，他决定戒烟。 For the sake of health, he decided to quit smoking. 7. 你能自己做决定吗？ Can you make a decision by yourself? 短文填空。 1. luck （根据后文说天气预报说会晴天，所以觉得运气好，have good luck“有好运气”） 2. shocking （根据后文说大家都有点害怕，可知故事很令人震惊，shocking“令人震惊的”） 3. worse （根据than可知用比较级，这里说情况比任何恐怖故事还糟，bad的比较级是worse） 4. turn on （根据后文说需要更多光，可知是打开手电筒，turn on“打开”）lie down （根据后文说看星星，可知是躺下，lie down“躺下”） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $