Unit 1 Section B 词汇专项练习 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 1 Time to Relax Section B How can a hobby improve your life 课前笔记速记 1. stress n./v.→_________adj. 焦虑的;紧张的 2. object n. → __________adj. 客观的;目标的;n. 目标 3. 允许某人做某事______________ 4. achievement n. → ____________ v. 实现;获得 5. teenage adj. 青少年的 → _____________n. 青少年 6. foreign adj. → ____________n. 外国人 7. suggestion n. → ___________v. 建议;建议；提（议不可数名词） → 8. failure n. → ___________v. 失败;未能 9. surprisingly adv. → __________ v. 使惊讶;n. 惊讶； →_________adj. 令人惊讶的； →__________ adj. 感到惊讶的 10. importantly adv. → __________adj. 重要的;重大的 → ____________n. 重要性 第一部分：【随堂练习】 一、根据句意和首字母提示填写单词。 1. Try to r________ your stress by taking a break and doing something you enjoy. 2. The main o________ of this game is to collect all the hidden treasures. 3. Would you like to try some I________ food? The pizza here is delicious. 4. People have five s________: sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch. 5. Winning the competition was a great a________ for our team. 6. How many c________ do you need to buy a drink from the vending machine? 7. The post office sells beautiful s________ for sending letters abroad. 8. Thank you for your s________, but I think I can solve the problem by myself. 9. The school rules have become much s________ this year. 10. She felt nervous as she walked onto the s________ to give her speech 二、说给单词正确形式填空 1. She feels very ______ because of the coming exam. (stress) 2. The teacher stressed (强调）the ______ of reading the questions carefully before answering. (important) 3. We had a fantastic ______ meal with homemade pasta last night. (Italy) 4. Winning the science fair was a great ______ for our school. (achieve) 5. My hobby is collecting ______ from different countries. (stamp) 6. Thank you for your ______. They were very helpful. (suggest) 7. Don't be afraid of ______. It's a chance to learn and grow. (fail) 8. The teacher has become ______ with our homework this term. (strict) 9. ______, you should believe in yourself and keep trying. (important) 10. Many ______ are interested in short video apps like TikTok. (teenager) 11. The museum offers free guides for ______ to help them understand the show.(foreign) 12. ______, he managed to finish the project all by himself. (surprise) 13. The new system will allow users ___________(change) their passwords more easily. 14. The company is hiring（雇佣）more ______ to develop the new mobile game. (program) 15. She sent me several beautiful ______ from her trip to Paris. (postcard) 16. When I was a child, I dreamed of ______ (become) an astronaut. (become） 3、 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词（中考真题改编） 1. 听轻音乐是减压的好方法。 Listening to light music is a good way ______ _______ ________. 2. 完成这个艰巨的项目给他带来了一种成就感。 Finishing the difficult project gave him ________ ________ ________ ________. 3. 他的爱好是集邮。 His hobby is ________ ________. 4. 她一直梦想着成为一名音乐家。 She always ________ ________ ________ a musician. 5. 学校不允许学生在课堂上使用手机。 The school doesn’t ________ ________ ________ ________ mobile phones in class. 6. 不要害怕失败，它是成功的一部分。 Don’t be afraid of ________. It’s part of _________. 7. 他的故事激励了很多年轻人去追逐梦想。 His story ________ many young people to chase their dreams. 8. 李老师总是对我们要求严格。 Mr. Li is always ________ ________ ________. 9. 到目前为止，我们已经收到了超过一百份申请。 ________ ________, we have received over one hundred applications. 10. 很多学生觉得做科学实验很有趣。 Many students ________ ________ ________ to do science experiments. 四、单项选择。 1.Our headteacher is very strict ______ us, and he is also quite strict _____ his own work. A. with; in. B. in; with. C. to; for D. about; on 2.There ______ a variety of（=a lot of) activities for students to choose from during the Art Festival every year. A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. More ______, we should develop the good habit of thinking critically instead of just accepting information. A. important B. importance C. importantly D. importing 4.— Can you give me some ______ on how to improve my writing skills? — Sure, I ______ you to read more classic novels and keep a diary in English. A. suggestion; advice B. suggestions; advise C. advices; suggest. D. advise; suggestion 5.My parents finally ______ me ______ my own decision about which university to attend. A. allow; to make B. allows; making C. allowed; to make D. allowing; to make 第二部分：【课后巩固】 1、 根据句意填写单词 1. Listening to music can help you r________ your stress after a long day. 2. The strange o________ in the sky turned out to be a weather balloon. 3. I love I________ food, especially pasta and gelato. 4. Dogs have a strong s________ of smell, much better than humans. 5. Winning the first place in th speech contest is a great a_________________for me. 6. He saved up c________ in a piggy bank to buy a gift for my mother's birthday. 7. My grandfather collects s________ from different countries as a hobby. 8. I followed your s________ and the cake turned out perfectly! 9. To ensure safety, the airport has s________ security(安全） checks now. 10. The actor forgot his lines(台词）in the middle of the s________. 二、词汇运用 (用括号中所给词的适当形式填空) 1. The ______ student stayed up late to prepare for the final presentation. (stress) 2. The teacher told us the ______ of reading the questions carefully before answering. (important) 3. This restaurant serves the most authentic ______ food in the city. (Italy) 4. He takes great pride in his son's ______ in the national piano competition. (achieve) 5. You need to put two ______ on the envelope before mailing it. (stamp) 6. Do you have any good ______ on how to improve my spoken English? (suggest) 7. Not winning the game is not a ______; it's an experience. (fail) 8. The rules about using mobile phones in class are much ______ now. (strict) 9. ______, a positive attitude is the key to solving this problem. (important) 10. The survey shows that most ______ spend over two hours online every day. (teenager) 11. The hotel provides special services for ______ who cannot speak Chinese. (foreign) 12. ______, nobody was hurt in the serious car accident. (surprise) 13. My father's words ______ me to think carefully about my future. (allow) 14. Many app ______ work long hours to meet project deadlines. (program) 15. I like collecting ______ with beautiful views from different places. (postcard) 16.The teacher’s encouraging words ______ (inspire) me to keep trying when I failed. 17、I saved many ______ (coin) in a jar to buy a new dictionary. 3、 根据提示词或短语翻译句子。 1. 妈妈周末允许我看一部有趣的电影来放松。（allow sb. to do sth.） ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. 完成这幅拼图（jigsaw puzzle)后，我感到一种满满的成就感。（a sense of achievement） ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. 妹妹总是梦想着在假期去海边散步拍照。（dream of） ____________________________________________________________________________ 4. 令人惊讶的是，他觉得听摇滚音乐是最放松的方式。（surprisingly） ____________________________________________________________________________ 5. 每天散步是减轻压力的好方法。（reduce stress） ____________________________________________________________________________ 6.一开始，我发现这本英文小说（novel)很难读.(find it …to do sth.) ____________________________________________________________________________ 7. 读书和听音乐可以帮助我们平静下来。（calm down) ____________________________________________________________________________ 四、完形填空。 话题：兴趣与爱好 | 体裁：议论文 | 词数：164 | 难度：★★★☆☆ | 建议用时：6 min | My mother always tells me, "As you do a job, you should try to love it." As a student, my job is to 1 . However, many teenagers don't want to study. 2 they learn, they are often absent-minded (心不在焉的). Since we have to learn, anyway, why don't we try to 3 it? If we learn to love the learning process (过程), we can learn 4 . When I was in primary school, I learned to draw sketches (素描). In the 5 ， my teacher told me to draw lines again and again. It was so 6 ! I told my mom that I didn't want to learn it. 7 my mom advised me not to 8 and to try to love the process. I took her 9 ， and now drawing has become one of my favorite hobbies. In a word, we should always face our work 10 a positive attitude (乐观的态度). Whenever you do a job, try to love it! 1. A. play B. teach C. learn D. work 2. A. When B. After C. Before D. Until 3. A. know B. enjoy C. finish D. practice 4. A. earlier B. worse C. more slowly D. more easily 5. A. end B. half C. beginning D. future 6. A. interesting B. boring C. different D. useful 7. A. Although B. So C. Unless D. But 8. A. give up B. put off C. take up D. cut off 9. A. medicine B. suggestion C. temperature D. place 10. A. about B. out C. with D. of 参考答案： 一、根据句意填写单词 1. reduce 解析：根据“by taking a break and doing something you enjoy”可知是通过休息和做喜欢的事来“减少”压力，所以填reduce。 2. objective 解析：根据“collect all the hidden treasures”可知这是游戏的主要“目标”，所以填objective。 3. Italian 解析：根据“The pizza here is delicious”可知是说意大利食物，所以填Italian（意大利的）。 4. senses 解析：根据“sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch”可知人们有五种“感官”，所以填senses。 5. achievement 解析：赢得比赛对团队来说是一个巨大的“成就”，所以填achievement。 6. coins 解析：从自动售货机买饮料需要“硬币”，所以填coins。 7. 8. stamps 解析：邮局卖漂亮的“邮票”用于寄信到国外，所以填stamps。 9. suggestion 解析：谢谢你的“建议”，所以填suggestion。 10. stricter 解析：今年学校规则变得更“严格”了，有比较的意思，所以填stricter。 11. stage 解析：当她走上“舞台”演讲时她感到紧张，所以填stage。 二、用所给单词正确形式填空 1. stressed 解析：feel stressed是固定搭配，表示“感到有压力的”，所以填stressed。 2. importance 解析：the后面接名词，所以填importance，表示“重要性”。 3. Italian 解析：修饰名词meal要用形容词Italian，表示“意大利的”。 4. achievement 解析：a great后面接名词，所以填achievement，表示“成就”。 5. stamps 解析：collect stamps是固定搭配，表示“集邮”，这里要用复数形式stamps。 6. suggestions 解析：根据“They were very helpful”可知要用复数形式suggestions，表示“建议”。 7. failure 解析：of是介词，后面接名词，所以填failure，表示“失败”。 8. stricter 解析：become后面接形容词，根据语境可知有比较的意思，所以填stricter，表示“更严格的”。 9. Importantly 解析：修饰整个句子要用副词Importantly，表示“重要的是”。 10. teenagers 解析：many后面接可数名词复数，所以填teenagers，表示“青少年”。 11. foreigners 解析：for后面接名词，这里表示“外国人”，要用复数形式foreigners。 12. Surprisingly 解析：修饰整个句子要用副词Surprisingly，表示“令人惊讶的是”。 to change 解析：allow sb. to do sth.是固定用法，表示“允许某人做某事”，所以填to change。 13. programmers。解析：根据语境可知公司要雇佣更多程序员来开发新手机游戏，program是动词“编程”，这里要用其名词复数形式programmers表示“程序员”。 14. postcards。解析：several表示“几个”，后接可数名词复数，所以用postcards。 15. becoming。解析：of是介词，后接动词的-ing形式，所以用becoming。 完成句子： 1. to reduce stress 解析：“减压”是reduce stress，a good way to do sth.表示“做某事的好方法”，所以填to reduce stress。 2. a sense of achievement 解析：“一种成就感”是a sense of achievement。 3. collecting stamps 解析：“集邮”是collect stamps，is后接动词的-ing形式作表语。 4. dreams of becoming 解析：“梦想着做某事”是dream of doing sth.，主语是She，动词用第三人称单数形式dreams。 5. allow students to use 解析：“允许某人做某事”是allow sb. to do sth.，助动词后接动词原形。 6. failure; success 解析：“失败”是failure，“成功”是success，都是不可数名词。 7. inspired 解析：根据语境可知用一般过去时，“激励”是inspire，其过去式是inspired。 8. strict with us 解析：“对某人要求严格”是be strict with sb.。 9. So far 解析：“到目前为止”是So far。 10. find it interesting 解析：“find + it + 形容词 + to do sth.”表示“发现做某事是……的”，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 四、 1. A。解析：be strict with sb.表示“对某人要求严格”；be strict in sth.表示“对某事要求严格”，所以选A。 2. B。解析：a variety of表示“各种各样的”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，根据every year可知用一般现在时，activities是复数，所以be动词用are。 3. C。解析：more importantly表示“更重要的是”，在句中作状语，修饰整个句子。 4. B解析：“suggestion”是可数名词，“give sb. some suggestions”表示“给某人一些建议”，所以第一个空用复数形式“suggestions”。“advice”是不可数名词，不能用复数形式，所以C选项错误。“advise”是动词“建议”，“advise sb. to do sth.”表示“建议某人做某事”，所以第二个空用“advise”。A选项第一个空用“suggestion”错误，D选项顺序错误。 5. 答案：C解析：句子缺少谓语动词，D选项“allowing”是现在分词形式不能单独作谓语，所以D错误。根据finally，句子用一般过去时，B选项“allows”是第三人称单数形式错误。“allow sb. to do sth.”是固定用法，表示“允许某人做某事”，所以这里用“allowed; to make”。 课后巩固： 一、根据句意填写单词 1. reduce：听音乐能帮助你在漫长的一天后减轻压力。“help sb. do sth.”表示“帮助某人做某事”，所以此处填动词原形。reduce 2. object：天空中那个奇怪的物体原来是一个气象气球。object意为“物体”。 3. Italian：我喜欢意大利食物，尤其是意大利面和意大利冰淇淋。Italian表示“意大利的”，修饰名词food。 4. sense：狗有很强的嗅觉，比人类好得多。a strong sense of smell是固定短语，意为“很强的嗅觉”。 5. achievement：对于我来说，获得演讲比赛第一名是很大成就。achievement意为“成就”，是可数名词，这里表示一项成就，用单数形式。 6. coins 7. stamps：我爷爷把收集不同国家的邮票作为爱好。stamp意为“邮票”，是可数名词，这里表示泛指，用复数形式。 8. suggestion：我按照你的建议做，蛋糕做得非常完美！suggestion意为“建议”，是可数名词，这里用单数形式。 9. strict：为确保安全，机场现在有严格的安检。strict意为“严格的”，修饰名词security checks。 10. stage：这位演员在舞台中间忘词了。stage意为“舞台” 二、词汇运用 (用括号中所给词的适当形式填空) 1. stressed：那个压力大的学生熬夜为最后的展示做准备。stressed表示“有压力的”，修饰student。 2. importance：老师告诉我们在回答问题前仔细阅读问题的重要性。the importance of...表示“……的重要性”，用名词形式importance。 3. Italian：这家餐厅供应城里最正宗的意大利食物。Italian表示“意大利的”，修饰food。 4. achievement：他为儿子在全国钢琴比赛中的成就感到非常自豪。son's是名词所有格，后接名词achievement。 5. stamps：你在寄信前需要在信封上贴两张邮票。two后接可数名词复数stamps。 6. suggestions：你有关于如何提高我英语口语的好建议吗？suggestion是可数名词，这里用复数形式表示泛指。 7. failure：没有赢得比赛不是一次失败，而是一次经历。failure意为“失败”，是可数名词，这里表示泛指，用单数形式。 8. stricter：现在关于在课堂上使用手机更严格了。much后接形容词比较级stricter，表示“更严格”。 9. Importantly：重要的是，积极的态度是解决这个问题的关键。importantly是副词，意为“重要的是”，在句中作状语。 10. teenagers：调查显示大多数青少年每天上网超过两个小时。most后接可数名词复数teenagers。 11. foreigners：酒店为不会说中文的外国人提供特殊服务。foreigner意为“外国人”，是可数名词，这里表示泛指，用复数形式。 12. Surprisingly：令人惊讶的是，在这次严重的车祸中没有人受伤。surprisingly是副词，表示“令人惊讶的是”，在句中作状语。 13. allowed：根据语境，这里表示父亲的话让作者去思考未来，allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”，结合上下文时态，用一般过去时allowed。 14. programmers根据语境可知这里说的是很多应用程序程序员，programmer是可数名词，要用复数形式programmers。 15. postcards：postcard是可数名词，这里表示收集来自不同地方的明信片，要用复数形式postcards。 16. inspired 根据when I failed可知该句时态是一般过去时，所以用inspire的过去式inspired。 17. coins ：coin是可数名词，many后接可数名词复数coins。 句子翻译答案及解析 1. Mom allows me to watch an interesting movie to relax on weekends.解析：根据“allow sb. to do sth.”的结构，“妈妈允许我”是Mom allows me，“看一部有趣的电影”是watch an interesting movie，“放松”是relax，“在周末”是on weekends，组合起来就是Mom allows me to watch an interesting movie to relax on weekends. 2. After finishing the jigsaw puzzle, I felt a sense of achievement. 解析：“完成这幅拼图”是finish the jigsaw puzzle，这里用动名词形式作after的宾语，即After finishing the jigsaw puzzle；“我感到一种满满的成就感”是I felt a sense of achievement。 3. My sister always dreams of taking a walk and taking photos at the seaside during the holidays.解析：“妹妹总是梦想着”是My sister always dreams of，“在假期”是during the holidays，“去海边散步拍照”是take a walk and take photos at the seaside，用动名词形式作of的宾语，即My sister always dreams of taking a walk and taking photos at the seaside during the holidays. 4. Surprisingly, he thinks listening to rock music is the most relaxing way.解析：“令人惊讶的是”是Surprisingly，“他觉得”是he thinks，“听摇滚音乐”是listening to rock music，“是最放松的方式”是is the most relaxing way，组合起来就是Surprisingly, he thinks listening to rock music is the most relaxing way. 5. Taking a walk every day is a good way to reduce stress.解析：“每天散步”是Taking a walk every day，用动名词短语作主语，“是减轻压力的好方法”是is a good way to reduce stress。 6. At first, I found it difficult to read this English novel.解析：“一开始”是At first，“我发现”是I found，“它很难读”是it difficult to read，用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to read this English novel，即At first, I found it difficult to read this English novel. 7. Reading books and listening to music can help us calm down.解析：“读书和听音乐”是Reading books and listening to music，作主语，“可以帮助我们”是can help us，“平静下来”是calm down，组合起来就是Reading books and listening to music can help us calm down. 完形填空答案及解析 1. C 解析：根据前文提到学生的工作以及后文多次提到学习相关内容，可知这里说的是学生的工作是学习，所以选C。 2. A 解析：这里表达当他们学习的时候，经常心不在焉，用When引导时间状语从句，所以选A。 3. B 解析：前文说很多青少年不想学习，这里提出既然必须学习，为什么不试着享受它呢，enjoy意为“享受”，符合语境，所以选B。 4. D 解析：如果我们学会热爱学习过程，我们就能学得更容易，more easily意为“更容易地”，符合逻辑，所以选D。 5. C 解析：根据上下文可知是在刚开始学素描的时候，老师让反复画线，in the beginning意为“开始”，所以选C。 6. B 解析：反复画线是很无聊的，boring意为“无聊的”，符合作者当时的感受，所以选B。 7. D 解析：作者不想学了，妈妈建议不要放弃，前后是转折关系，用But，所以选D。 8. A 解析：give up意为“放弃”，符合妈妈建议作者不要放弃的语境，所以选A。 9. B 解析：作者接受了妈妈的建议，suggestion意为“建议”，所以选B。 10. C 解析：with a positive attitude表示“以积极的态度”，所以选C。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $