专题05 系动词、助动词、情态动词（复习讲义）（北京专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题05 系动词、助动词、情态动词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 系动词 考点二 助动词 考点三 情态动词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择题中。 2．从命题内容上看，主要考查系动词、助动词在时态和被动语态中的运用、情态动词 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 单项选择 第3小题 第3小题 第3小题 命题预测 主要有以下命题角度：系动词、助动词在时态和被动语态中的运用、情态动词 主要在单项选择中考查。 系动词 系动词不能单独作谓语,必须和表语一起构成系表结构，如常见的“系动词+adj.”。初中阶段常见系动词有以下几类： 分类 例词 例句 “状态”类 be （am/is/are/was/were） He is a student. He is strong. You seem happy. We should keep fit. Mum gets angry. It sounds great! “表象”类 seem （似乎）, appear （看来；似乎） “持续”类 keep （保持）, stay （保持）, remain （仍然是；保持） “变化”类 get （变得）, turn （变成）, go （变得）, become （变成）, grow （逐渐变得） “感官”类 look （看起来）, sound（听起来）, feel（摸起来；感觉）, taste（尝起来）, smell（闻起来） （25-26九年级上·北京·开学考试）—________ there anything new in today’s newspaper? —No. But there ________ some inspiring stories worth (值得) reading. A．Is; is B．Are; are C．Is; are D．Are; is 助动词 （2022·北京海淀·模拟预测）If I ________ do it now, I will never do it. A．am not B．won’t C．didn’t D．don’t 助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、人称和数。此外，助动词还可以用来构成否定句、疑问句等句型。具体用法如下表： 助动词 用法 助动词 用法 do/does/did 构成疑问句：do/does/did+主语+v. be（区别于系动词be） 构成进行时：am/is/are/was/were+doing 构成否定句：don't/doesn't/didn't+v. 构成被动语态：am/is/are/was/were+done will/shall 构成一般将来时：will/shall+v. have/has 构成现在完成时：have/has+done 1．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）When Mr. Smith came into the classroom, we ________ the maths problem. A．were discussing B．will discuss C．have discussed D．discuss 2．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）—Mary, is your father a teacher? —Yes, he is. He ________ English since he graduated from university. A．teaches B．is teaching C．has taught D．will teach 3．（2025·北京西城·二模）If children ________ more chances to do things on their own, they will become more independent. A．will be given B．give C．are given D．have given 情态动词 考点一 情态动词的一般用法 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）—Mom, ________ I go to the cinema with my classmates this Sunday afternoon? —Yes, of course you can. A．can B．must C．need D．should 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）— Bill, ________ I use your ruler? — Of course you can. Here you are. A．can B．must C．need D．should 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Must I stay here and wait for you? —No, you ________. You can go home now. A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 4．（2022·北京·中考真题）—_________ I take photos here? —Sorry, you can’t. It’s not allowed in the museum. A．Must B．Need C．Can D．Will 5．（2021·北京·中考真题）—Sam, ________ I join you in the community service? —Of course you can. A．can B．must C．should D．need 情态动词 用法 示例 can/could 表示能力，意为“能；会”；could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力 —Can you play the piano? —Yes, I can./No, I can't. The teacher asked me for my homework, but I couldn't hand it in. 表示请求或允许，意为“可以”；could 的语气更加委婉 Can I play computer games, Mum? Could you pass the book to me? may 表示请求或允许，意为“可以”；否定回答常用can't、mustn't或may not —May I go now? —No, you can't/mustn't. must 表示必要，意为“必须” Don't arrive late for class. You must be on time. “Must I...？”句型的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't或don't have to —Must I finish the project today? —Yes, you must.（是的，你必须。）/—No, you needn't/don't have to.（不，你不必。） 否定形式为mustn't，表示禁止，意为“禁止；不可以” —Hurry up, Mum! Let's go across the road quickly. —No, Henry, you mustn't. The traffic lights are red. have to 表示客观需要，意为“不得不；必须”，有人称、时态和数的变化；其否定形式意为“没必要” There was no electricity in the apartment! We had to eat our supper in the dark. We don't have to come to school every day. need 意为“需要”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。“Need I...?”句型的肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用needn't或don't have to You needn't take your umbrella. It is not raining outside. should 表示观点或建议，意为“应该” Everyone should play a part in saving the earth. shall 表示征求对方意见，多用于第一人称 Shall we go birdwatching tomorrow? will/would 表示说话人的意愿或提出请求；would是will的过去式，语气更委婉 Will you please help me to carry this box? Would you join us? 1．（2025·北京海淀·三模）John is good at languages. He ________ speak Chinese, English and French. A．need B．would C．can D．must 2．（2025·北京东城·二模）—________ we meet after school to work on the project, Peter? —Sorry, I can’t today. How about tomorrow? A．Need B．Must C．May D．Can 3．（2025·北京房山·二模）—Must we bring our own lunch for the field trip, Ms. Brown? —No, you ________. The school will provide meals. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 4．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）— ________ you help me carry these books? They are too heavy. — Sure. A．Must B．Can C．Need D．Should 考点二 情态动词表推测 情态动词 用法 示例 must 表示肯定推测，强调对某事很有把握，意为“一定；肯定” The book must be Mary's. We can see her name on it. could/may/might 表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能；也许” —Whose English book is this? —It might be Lily's, but I'm not sure. may not 表示否定推测，把握不大，意为“可能不” I may not come here tonight. I am not sure. can't 表示有把握的否定推测，意为“不可能” That bright light can't be a UFO—there's no such thing! mustn't 表示“禁止，不允许”，不能用来表推测。 1．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）How confident Amy looks! She _______ have got everything ready for the singing competition. A．need B．must C．can D．would 2．（2025·吉林长春·模拟预测）These glasses ______ Jane’s because she doesn’t wear glasses. A．are B．might be C．must be D．can’t be 3．（2025·全国·模拟预测）—Can we still see this kind of rare trees in the mountain? —It is hard to say. There ________ be some on the top of it. A．will B．must C．may D．need 4．（2025·云南·模拟预测）—What’s the date for the graduation ceremony? —It ______ be on June 25th. But I’m not sure. A．could B．couldn’t C．must D．mustn’t 一．单项选择 1．（2025·北京房山·二模）—Bob, what were you doing at nine o’clock yesterday morning? —I ________ kites with my friends. A．am flying B．was flying C．have flown D．will fly 2．（2025·北京东城·一模）Linda _______ to help with the Science Fair. She did a good job. A．invited B．will invite C．was invited D．will be invited 3．（2025·北京石景山·二模）—_________ I borrow your brush, Kevin? —Yes, of course. A．May B．Need C．Would D．Must 4．（2025·北京丰台·二模）—Bob, ________ I join your painting group? —Of course you can. Welcome! A．can B．need C．must D．should 5．（2025·北京大兴·二模）Sarah ________ play the guitar, but she can’t play the piano. A．may B．should C．can D．need 6．（2025·北京平谷·二模）—Is it necessary to bring an umbrella today? —Yes, you ________ bring one. The weather forecast says it will rain. A．must B．may C．can D．might 7．（2025·北京西城·二模）— Sam, you ________ go on watching TV. It’s too late. — OK, mom. A．can B．wouldn’t C．must D．shouldn’t 8．（2025·北京顺义·二模）—________ I join you in volunteer work, Tom? —Of course you can. A．Must B．Can C．Should D．Need 9．（2025·甘肃张掖·一模）Not only his parents but also he ________ been to the Tibet. A．is B．are C．has D．have 10．（23-24九年级下·全国·课前预习）—________ your parents hard on you? —Yes. I can never watch TV at home. A．Do B．Did C．Are D．Were 11．（2024·云南昆明·一模）—______ Tina and Tim ______ the beautiful sights around Dian Lake? —Yes, they did. A．Has; enjoyed B．Have; enjoyed C．Do; enjoy D．Did; enjoy 12．（2022·江苏苏州·一模）________ not only Simon’ s car but also his friends’ cars ________ last night? A．Did; break down B．Was; broke down C．Is; broke down D．Were; break down 13．（2022·辽宁丹东·二模）—We’ll go for a picnic if it ________ this weekend. —Great! But nobody knows if it ________. A．won’t rain; will be fine B．doesn’t rain; will be fine C．doesn’t rain; is fine D．won’t rain; is fine 14．（2026·上海虹口·一模）There are enough apples and bananas at home. You _______ buy any fruit. A．needn’t B．don’t need C．need D．need to 15．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）With the online ticket booking app, we ________ wait in long lines to buy train tickets. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．had better not D．needn’t 16．（2026·上海金山·一模）You ________ walk on the grass in the park. It’s against the rules. A．mustn’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．don’t have to 二．语法选择 （1） （2025·广东韶关·一模）On the afternoon of August 16th, 2024, the Xintang Branch of Jinjiang Library held an exciting activity called “The Mark of Civilization: The Journey of Books.” Many children 1 movable-type printing with the help of volunteer teachers. A long time ago, 2 people wanted a new book, they had to copy every word by hand. But during the Sui and Tang dynasties in China, people found a 3 way—using woodblock (木刻印版) with words carved on them. They carved words on a piece of wood, put ink on it, and pressed paper onto it 4 a copy. This was faster than writing by hand, but making the woodblocks and fixing mistakes took a lot of time. Later, during the Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng invented movable-type printing. 5 carved words on small pieces of clay and heated them to make hard, reusable characters. These characters 6 be used again and again to print different books. This method was cheaper and saved time compared to wooden block printing. After that, people started using materials 7 metal and wood to make movable characters. This continued until the electronic typesetting system (电子排版系统) 8 in the 20th century. This invention later spread around the world. It helped different cultures share ideas more 9 . Today, printing plays 10 important role in sharing information and knowledge. It is used in many ways, such as making ads, books, and newspapers. 1．A．experience B．experiences C．experienced 2．A．if B．because C．though 3．A．fast B．faster C．fastest 4．A．made B．making C．to make 5．A．His B．He C．Him 6．A．may B．could C．should 7．A．like B．in C．for 8．A．invent B．was invented C．was inventing 9．A．easily B．easy C．easier 10．A．the B．a C．an （2） （2023·广东佛山·二模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 I always got top grades in primary school. Things changed when it came to 1 8th grade science. I couldn’t seem to understand it no matter 2 hard I tried. I was about to take a science test. That made me worried. My parents were so proud of me, and I didn’t want 3 them down. So before the test, I wrote several notes from the textbook on my desk 4 a pencil. The writing was so 5 that it could hardly be seen. I felt nervous as the teacher handed out the test paper and my heart 6 fast. Suddenly, a fire alarm went off. The test was stopped and we were asked to wait on the playground. As I stood in the sun 7 , I realized how silly I was. I knew my parents would still love me no matter what my grades are. When we 8 to come into the classroom again, I cleaned the notes away. I was given a second chance and I wouldn’t waste 9 . Finally, I finished the test and felt quite peaceful. I don’t remember what my grade was, 10 what happened that day has stayed in my heart and mind. Life is full of second chances, but you have to be willing to take them and grow from them. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．what B．what a C．how 3．A．let B．to let C．letting 4．A．with B．by C．from 5．A．light B．lighter C．the lightest 6．A．beats B．was beating C．has beaten 7．A．quiet B．quietly C．quietness 8．A．allowed B．are allowed C．were allowed 9．A．it B．its C．them 10．A．so B．but C．and （3） （2025·广东珠海·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Every day in newspapers and magazines there are plenty of articles telling us that we should exercise more in our daily life. Nowadays the benefits (好处) of running 1 by some scientists. They say it is one of the best ways to keep fit. It can make you feel better and look younger. It can even make you live 2 . Here is something that you need to pay attention to while running. All you need for running are some comfortable clothes and trainers (运动鞋). You don’t need to buy special clothes. But you should get 3 good pair of trainers. And remember that you should always wear larger trainers than your usual 4 to run. Some people find running boring, so go cycling or swimming instead sometimes. Also, you shouldn’t exercise every day. Consider how 5 if your body gets sore, take a day off to rest, or you may end up injuring 6 . According to a survey, it’s common to rest two or three times a week. You should eat well and drink lots of water 7 you can still have nice things like chocolate sometimes. Do some leg and stomach exercises every week 8 you stronger and help you run better. 9 beginners, there are lots of ways to make exercise fun. You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend. Find a partner who can give you a reason not to give up and keep you company while running. Try running, and your life 10 different. 1．A．are introducing B．were introduced C．are introduced 2．A．long B．longer C．longest 3．A．the B．a C．an 4．A．shoe’s B．shoes’ C．shoes 5．A．do you feel B．you feel C．you felt 6．A．you B．your C．yourself 7．A．but B．or C．though 8．A．make B．making C．to make 9．A．For B．With C．To 10．A．is B．will be C．was 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 系动词、助动词、情态动词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 系动词 考点二 助动词 考点三 情态动词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择题中。 2．从命题内容上看，主要考查系动词、助动词在时态和被动语态中的运用、情态动词 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 单项选择 第3小题 第3小题 第3小题 命题预测 主要有以下命题角度：系动词、助动词在时态和被动语态中的运用、情态动词 主要在单项选择中考查。 系动词 系动词不能单独作谓语,必须和表语一起构成系表结构，如常见的“系动词+adj.”。初中阶段常见系动词有以下几类： 分类 例词 例句 “状态”类 be （am/is/are/was/were） He is a student. He is strong. You seem happy. We should keep fit. Mum gets angry. It sounds great! “表象”类 seem （似乎）, appear （看来；似乎） “持续”类 keep （保持）, stay （保持）, remain （仍然是；保持） “变化”类 get （变得）, turn （变成）, go （变得）, become （变成）, grow （逐渐变得） “感官”类 look （看起来）, sound（听起来）, feel（摸起来；感觉）, taste（尝起来）, smell（闻起来） （25-26九年级上·北京·开学考试）—________ there anything new in today’s newspaper? —No. But there ________ some inspiring stories worth (值得) reading. A．Is; is B．Are; are C．Is; are D．Are; is 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——今天的报纸有什么新消息吗？——没有。但有一些值得阅读的励志故事。 考查主谓一致和be动词。根据“there anything new”可知，anything是不定代词，谓语动词用单数，故第一空填“Is”；根据“some inspiring stories”可知，stories是复数名词，谓语动词用复数，故第二空填“are”，故选C。 助动词 （2022·北京海淀·模拟预测）If I ________ do it now, I will never do it. A．am not B．won’t C．didn’t D．don’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果我现在不做，以后也不会做了。 考查时态及助动词。“do”是实义动词，此处不用be动词；if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，此处用一般现在时，助动词用don’t。故选D。 助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、人称和数。此外，助动词还可以用来构成否定句、疑问句等句型。具体用法如下表： 助动词 用法 助动词 用法 do/does/did 构成疑问句：do/does/did+主语+v. be（区别于系动词be） 构成进行时：am/is/are/was/were+doing 构成否定句：don't/doesn't/didn't+v. 构成被动语态：am/is/are/was/were+done will/shall 构成一般将来时：will/shall+v. have/has 构成现在完成时：have/has+done 1．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）When Mr. Smith came into the classroom, we ________ the maths problem. A．were discussing B．will discuss C．have discussed D．discuss 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当史密斯先生走进教室时，我们正在讨论数学题。 考查动词时态。were discussing过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作；will discuss一般将来时，表示将来的动作；have discussed现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果；discuss一般现在时，表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实。根据语境 “When Mr. Smith came into the classroom,”，强调过去某个具体时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。故选A。 2．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）—Mary, is your father a teacher? —Yes, he is. He ________ English since he graduated from university. A．teaches B．is teaching C．has taught D．will teach 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——玛丽，你爸爸是老师吗？——是的，他是。他自从大学毕业后就一直教英语。 考查现在完成时。teaches一般现在时；is teaching现在进行时；has taught现在完成时；will teach一般将来时。根据“since he graduated from university”可知，时态为现在完成时，表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作。故选C。 3．（2025·北京西城·二模）If children ________ more chances to do things on their own, they will become more independent. A．will be given B．give C．are given D．have given 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果孩子们被给予更多的机会来独立做事，他们将更独立。 考查If引导的条件状语从句时态和被动语态。根据“If children ... more chances to do things on their own, they will become more independent.”可知，从句部分主语语与谓语是被动关系，应用被动语态，可排除BD选项；If引导的条件状语从句部分用一般现在时表示将来，空处需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 情态动词 考点一 情态动词的一般用法 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）—Mom, ________ I go to the cinema with my classmates this Sunday afternoon? —Yes, of course you can. A．can B．must C．need D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，这个星期天下午我能和同学们一起去看电影吗？——是的，你当然可以。 考查情态动词。can可以；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据“of course you can”可知，此处表示请求，应用句式Can I…?。故选A。 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）— Bill, ________ I use your ruler? — Of course you can. Here you are. A．can B．must C．need D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Bill，我可以用你的尺子吗？——当然可以。给你。 考查情态动词辨析。can可以；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据答语中的“Of course you can.”可知，此处表示“请求使用对方的东西”，can表“请求允许”，符合句意。故选A。 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Must I stay here and wait for you? —No, you ________. You can go home now. A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我必须待在这里等你吗？——不，你不需要。你现在可以回家。 考查动词辨析。needn’t不需要；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Must I stay here and wait for you?”可知，用情态动词must提问，其否定回答应用needn’t表示“不需要”。故选A。 4．（2022·北京·中考真题）—_________ I take photos here? —Sorry, you can’t. It’s not allowed in the museum. A．Must B．Need C．Can D．Will 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以在这里拍照吗？——对不起，你不能。博物馆不允许拍照。 考查动词辨析。Must必须；Need需要；Can可以；Will将会。根据答语“Sorry, you can’t”可知，用can提问，用can/can’t回答。故选C。 5．（2021·北京·中考真题）—Sam, ________ I join you in the community service? —Of course you can. A．can B．must C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Sam，我能加入你的社区服务吗？——你当然可以。 考查动词辨析。can可以；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据“Of course you can.”可知，此处请求对方允许，用can，故选A。 情态动词 用法 示例 can/could 表示能力，意为“能；会”；could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力 —Can you play the piano? —Yes, I can./No, I can't. The teacher asked me for my homework, but I couldn't hand it in. 表示请求或允许，意为“可以”；could 的语气更加委婉 Can I play computer games, Mum? Could you pass the book to me? may 表示请求或允许，意为“可以”；否定回答常用can't、mustn't或may not —May I go now? —No, you can't/mustn't. must 表示必要，意为“必须” Don't arrive late for class. You must be on time. “Must I...？”句型的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't或don't have to —Must I finish the project today? —Yes, you must.（是的，你必须。）/—No, you needn't/don't have to.（不，你不必。） 否定形式为mustn't，表示禁止，意为“禁止；不可以” —Hurry up, Mum! Let's go across the road quickly. —No, Henry, you mustn't. The traffic lights are red. have to 表示客观需要，意为“不得不；必须”，有人称、时态和数的变化；其否定形式意为“没必要” There was no electricity in the apartment! We had to eat our supper in the dark. We don't have to come to school every day. need 意为“需要”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。“Need I...?”句型的肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用needn't或don't have to You needn't take your umbrella. It is not raining outside. should 表示观点或建议，意为“应该” Everyone should play a part in saving the earth. shall 表示征求对方意见，多用于第一人称 Shall we go birdwatching tomorrow? will/would 表示说话人的意愿或提出请求；would是will的过去式，语气更委婉 Will you please help me to carry this box? Would you join us? 1．（2025·北京海淀·三模）John is good at languages. He ________ speak Chinese, English and French. A．need B．would C．can D．must 【答案】C 【详解】句意：约翰擅长语言。他会说中文、英语和法语。 考查情态动词。need需要；would将会；can能；must必须。根据“He…speak Chinese, English and French.”的语境可知，此处强调能力，指会说中文、英语和法语，can符合。故选C。 2．（2025·北京东城·二模）—________ we meet after school to work on the project, Peter? —Sorry, I can’t today. How about tomorrow? A．Need B．Must C．May D．Can 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——彼得，我们放学后见面一起做这个项目好吗？——对不起，今天不行。明天怎么样？ 考查情态动词。need需要；must必须；may也许，可能；can可以。根据“Sorry, I can’t today.”可知，此处询问对方是否可以放学后见面一起做这个项目。故选D。 3．（2025·北京房山·二模）—Must we bring our own lunch for the field trip, Ms. Brown? —No, you ________. The school will provide meals. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】 句意：——布朗女士，我们必须为实地考察自带午餐吗？——不，你们不必。学校会提供餐食。    考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能，不可能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止，绝对不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Must we...?”的提问，否定回答需用“needn’t”，符合“学校提供餐食，无需自带”的语境。故选B。 4．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）— ________ you help me carry these books? They are too heavy. — Sure. A．Must B．Can C．Need D．Should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能帮我搬这些书吗？他们太重了。——当然。 考查情态动词辨析。Must必须；Can能；Need需要；Should应该。根据“carry these books”和“They are too heavy”可知，题干是在请求对方提供帮助，而“Can you...”是表达此类请求的常用句型，且回答“Sure”对应肯定的回应。故选B。 考点二 情态动词表推测 情态动词 用法 示例 must 表示肯定推测，强调对某事很有把握，意为“一定；肯定” The book must be Mary's. We can see her name on it. could/may/might 表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能；也许” —Whose English book is this? —It might be Lily's, but I'm not sure. may not 表示否定推测，把握不大，意为“可能不” I may not come here tonight. I am not sure. can't 表示有把握的否定推测，意为“不可能” That bright light can't be a UFO—there's no such thing! mustn't 表示“禁止，不允许”，不能用来表推测。 1．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）How confident Amy looks! She _______ have got everything ready for the singing competition. A．need B．must C．can D．would 【答案】B 【详解】句意：艾米看起来多么自信啊！她一定已经为歌唱比赛准备好了一切。 考查情态动词辨析。need需要；must必须；can能够；would将会。根据“How confident Amy looks!”的语境可知，表示对过去动作的肯定推测，应使用“must have+过去分词”结构。故选B。 2．（2025·吉林长春·模拟预测）These glasses ______ Jane’s because she doesn’t wear glasses. A．are B．might be C．must be D．can’t be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这些眼镜不可能是Jane的，因为她不戴眼镜。 考查情态动词辨析。are是；might be可能是；must be一定是；can’t be不可能是。根据“because she doesn’t wear glasses”可知，Jane不戴眼镜，因此这些眼镜不可能属于她，需用表示否定推测的情态动词。故选D。 3．（2025·全国·模拟预测）—Can we still see this kind of rare trees in the mountain? —It is hard to say. There ________ be some on the top of it. A．will B．must C．may D．need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们在山上还能看到这种稀有的树吗？——很难说。山顶上也许有一些。 考查情态动词辨析。will将要；must一定；may也许；need需要。根据“It is hard to say.”可知，很难说，所以山顶上也许有，表示不确定的推测用may。故选C。 4．（2025·云南·模拟预测）—What’s the date for the graduation ceremony? —It ______ be on June 25th. But I’m not sure. A．could B．couldn’t C．must D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——毕业典礼的日期是什么时候？——可能在6月25日。但我不确定。 考查情态动词。could表示可能性，语气较委婉、不确定；couldn’t不可能；must一定，表示肯定的推测，语气非常强烈；mustn’t禁止，不允许。根据答句“But I’m not sure.”可知，这里是一种不确定的推测，应用“could”。故选A。 一．单项选择 1．（2025·北京房山·二模）—Bob, what were you doing at nine o’clock yesterday morning? —I ________ kites with my friends. A．am flying B．was flying C．have flown D．will fly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Bob，昨天早上9点你在做什么？——我正在和朋友放风筝。 考查时态。根据“what were you doing at nine o’clock yesterday morning”可知，空处应是过去进行时was/were doing，故选B。 2．（2025·北京东城·一模）Linda _______ to help with the Science Fair. She did a good job. A．invited B．will invite C．was invited D．will be invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：琳达被邀请去科学博览会帮忙。她做得很好。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。invited邀请，一般过去时的主动语态；will arrive将邀请，一般将来时的主动语态；was invited被邀请，一般过去时的被动语态；will be invited将被邀请，一般将来时的被动语态。结合语境及后句“She did a good job”可知，此处描述的过去发生的事，且主语Linda与谓语动词invited之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were done sth.”。故选C。 3．（2025·北京石景山·二模）—_________ I borrow your brush, Kevin? —Yes, of course. A．May B．Need C．Would D．Must 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——凯文，我可以借你的画笔吗？——当然可以。 考查情态动词辨析。May可以；Need需要；Would将；将要；Must必须。根据“of course”可知，这是肯定回答对方有礼貌请求的许可。“May I...?”用于礼貌地请求对方允许，意为“我可以……吗？”。故选A。 4．（2025·北京丰台·二模）—Bob, ________ I join your painting group? —Of course you can. Welcome! A．can B．need C．must D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——鲍勃，我可以加入你的绘画小组吗？——当然可以。欢迎！ 考查情态动词。can能够，可以；need需要；must必须；should应该。根据答语“Of course you can.”可知，问句是在请求加入绘画小组，应用“can”询问许可。故选A。 5．（2025·北京大兴·二模）Sarah ________ play the guitar, but she can’t play the piano. A．may B．should C．can D．need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Sarah 会弹吉他，但她不会弹钢琴。 考查情态动词。may可能；should应该；can可以；need需要。根据“but she can’t play the piano”可知此处表示能力，应用can。故选C。 6．（2025·北京平谷·二模）—Is it necessary to bring an umbrella today? —Yes, you ________ bring one. The weather forecast says it will rain. A．must B．may C．can D．might 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——今天有必要带把伞吗？ ——是的，你必须带一个。天气预报说会下雨。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；may或许；can可以；might或许，语气比may委婉。根据“The weather forecast says it will rain.”可知语气强烈，表“必须”的意思。故选A。 7．（2025·北京西城·二模）— Sam, you ________ go on watching TV. It’s too late. — OK, mom. A．can B．wouldn’t C．must D．shouldn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——山姆，你不能再看电视了。太晚了。——好的，妈妈。 考查动词辨析。can能够；wouldn’t不会；must必须；shouldn’t不应该。根据“It’s too late.”可知，妈妈认为现在太晚了，看电视不合适，带有“不应该”的建议或禁止意味。故选D。 8．（2025·北京顺义·二模）—________ I join you in volunteer work, Tom? —Of course you can. A．Must B．Can C．Should D．Need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，我能和你一起做志愿者工作吗？——你当然可以。 考查情态动词辨析。Must必须；Can可以；Should应该；Need需要。根据“Of course you can.”可知，此处应是询问是否可以参加志愿者工作，应用情态动词can表示请求许可。故选B。 9．（2025·甘肃张掖·一模）Not only his parents but also he ________ been to the Tibet. A．is B．are C．has D．have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不仅他的父母去过西藏，而且他也去过。 考查现在完成时。been是be动词的过去分词，have/has加过去分词构成现在完成时，且“not only...but also...”连接并列成分作主语要用“就近原则”，即由he决定此处用has。故选C。 10．（23-24九年级下·全国·课前预习）—________ your parents hard on you? —Yes. I can never watch TV at home. A．Do B．Did C．Are D．Were 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你父母对你很严厉吗？——对。我永远不能在家看电视。 考查一般疑问句及时态。Do，用于实义动词前构成否定句和疑问句；Did，do的三单形式；Are是，be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式；Were是，be的过去时复数和第二人称单数形式。be hard on sb.“对某人严厉”，固定词组，此处指现在的状态，时态为一般现在时，主语为“your parents”，所以用are。故选C。 11．（2024·云南昆明·一模）—______ Tina and Tim ______ the beautiful sights around Dian Lake? —Yes, they did. A．Has; enjoyed B．Have; enjoyed C．Do; enjoy D．Did; enjoy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——蒂娜和蒂姆喜欢滇池周围的美景吗？——是的，他们喜欢。 考查时态。根据“Yes, they did”可知句子用一般过去时，变疑问句时借助助动词did，后加动词原形。故选D。 12．（2022·江苏苏州·一模）________ not only Simon’ s car but also his friends’ cars ________ last night? A．Did; break down B．Was; broke down C．Is; broke down D．Were; break down 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨晚不仅西蒙的车，而且他朋友的车也抛锚了吗？ 考查助动词的用法和一般过去时的一般疑问句。did做，干，办某事，助动词（do的过去式）；break down（机器或车辆）发生故障，出毛病，break的过去式为broke；is 是，be动词的第三人称单数现在时形式；was是，be的第一和第三人称单数过去式；were是，be的过去时复数和第二人称单数形式；break down是实义动词短语，根据时间状语“last night”可知，句子应是一般过去时，动词是实义动词，故疑问句的助动词应是did，同时句子变疑问，动词要恢复原形。故选A。 13．（2022·辽宁丹东·二模）—We’ll go for a picnic if it ________ this weekend. —Great! But nobody knows if it ________. A．won’t rain; will be fine B．doesn’t rain; will be fine C．doesn’t rain; is fine D．won’t rain; is fine 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——如果这个周末不下雨，我们将去野餐。——太好了！但是没有人知道天气是否将是好的。 考查if的用法。第一个句子中的if“如果”引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，所以第一空应用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，所以使用助动词does加动词原形构成否定形式；第二句中的if“是否”，引导宾语从句，从句应用一般将来时，表示“不知将来是否会下雨”，其结构为“will+do”，故选B。 14．（2026·上海虹口·一模）There are enough apples and bananas at home. You _______ buy any fruit. A．needn’t B．don’t need C．need D．need to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：家里有足够的苹果和香蕉，你不需要买任何水果。 考查情态动词need的用法。根据前句“There are enough apples and bananas at home”可知，水果已经足够，因此不需要再买。need作情态动词时，否定形式为needn’t，后接动词原形；作实义动词时，否定形式为 don’t need，后接to do。此处空格后为动词原形buy，应选用情态动词的否定形式needn’t。故选A。 15．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）With the online ticket booking app, we ________ wait in long lines to buy train tickets. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．had better not D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：有了网上订票应用，我们不必排长队买火车票了。 考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；had better not最好不要；needn’t不必。根据“With the online ticket booking app”可知，有了网上订票应用，所以“我们不必排长队买火车票了”，因此此处应该用needn’t。故选D。 16．（2026·上海金山·一模）You ________ walk on the grass in the park. It’s against the rules. A．mustn’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．don’t have to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你不准在公园的草地上行走。这是违反规定的。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t不准，禁止；wouldn’t不会；needn’t不必；don’t have to不必。根据后句“It’s against the rules.”可知，这是规定禁止的行为，应用“mustn’t”表示“禁止、不准”。故选A。 二．语法选择 （1） （2025·广东韶关·一模）On the afternoon of August 16th, 2024, the Xintang Branch of Jinjiang Library held an exciting activity called “The Mark of Civilization: The Journey of Books.” Many children 1 movable-type printing with the help of volunteer teachers. A long time ago, 2 people wanted a new book, they had to copy every word by hand. But during the Sui and Tang dynasties in China, people found a 3 way—using woodblock (木刻印版) with words carved on them. They carved words on a piece of wood, put ink on it, and pressed paper onto it 4 a copy. This was faster than writing by hand, but making the woodblocks and fixing mistakes took a lot of time. Later, during the Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng invented movable-type printing. 5 carved words on small pieces of clay and heated them to make hard, reusable characters. These characters 6 be used again and again to print different books. This method was cheaper and saved time compared to wooden block printing. After that, people started using materials 7 metal and wood to make movable characters. This continued until the electronic typesetting system (电子排版系统) 8 in the 20th century. This invention later spread around the world. It helped different cultures share ideas more 9 . Today, printing plays 10 important role in sharing information and knowledge. It is used in many ways, such as making ads, books, and newspapers. 1．A．experience B．experiences C．experienced 2．A．if B．because C．though 3．A．fast B．faster C．fastest 4．A．made B．making C．to make 5．A．His B．He C．Him 6．A．may B．could C．should 7．A．like B．in C．for 8．A．invent B．was invented C．was inventing 9．A．easily B．easy C．easier 10．A．the B．a C．an 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了2024年8月16日下午晋江图书馆新塘分馆举办了名为“文明印记：书籍之旅”的活动，许多孩子在志愿者老师帮助下体验活字印刷术，接着介绍了印刷术从古代手抄到木版印刷，再到活字印刷的发展历程，以及其对世界文化交流的作用和在当今信息知识传播中的重要性。 1．句意：在志愿者老师的帮助下，许多孩子体验了活字印刷术。 experience体验，动词原形；experiences体验，第三人称单数形式；experienced体验，过去式。根据“On the afternoon of August 16th, 2024, the Xintang Branch of Jinjiang Library held an exciting activity…”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情，这里需要用动词的过去式，experienced符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：很久以前，如果人们想要一本新书，他们不得不手动抄写每一个字。 if如果；because因为；though尽管。根据“A long time ago,…people wanted a new book, they had to copy every word by hand.”可知，“人们想要一本新书”是“手动抄写每一个字”的前提条件，if引导条件状语从句，符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：但是在中国的隋唐时期，人们发现了一种更快的方式——使用刻有文字的木刻印版。 fast快的，原级；faster更快的，比较级；fastest最快的，最高级。根据“But during the Sui and Tang dynasties in China, people found a…way—using woodblock (木刻印版) with words carved on them.”可知，这里是将木版印刷和手动抄写进行比较，木版印刷比手动抄写更快，两者比较要用比较级faster。故选B。 4．句意：他们在一块木头上刻字，在上面涂上墨水，然后把纸压在上面来制作一份副本。 made制作，过去式；making制作，现在分词；to make制作，动词不定式。根据“They carved words on a piece of wood, put ink on it, and pressed paper onto it…a copy.”可知，把纸压在上面的目的是制作一份副本，动词不定式to make可以表示目的。故选C。 5．句意：他在小块黏土上刻字，然后加热它们，制成坚硬的、可重复使用的字符。 His他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；He他，主格；Him他，宾格。根据“Later, during the Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng invented movable-type printing.…carved words on small pieces of clay...”可知，这里需要一个词作句子的主语，指代毕昇，主格he可以作主语。故选B。 6．句意：这些字符可以一次又一次地被用来印刷不同的书籍。 may可能；could能够；可以；should应该。根据“These characters…be used again and again to print different books.”可知，这里表达的是这些字符能够被重复使用，could表示过去的能力，符合语境。故选B。 7．句意：在那之后，人们开始使用像金属和木头这样的材料来制作活字。 like像；in在……里面；for为了。根据“After that, people started using materials…metal and wood to make movable characters.”可知，金属和木头是对制作活字的材料进行举例说明，like表示“像”，用于举例，符合语境。故选A。 8．句意：这种情况一直持续到 20 世纪电子排版系统被发明。 invent发明，动词原形；was invented被发明，一般过去时的被动语态；was inventing正在发明，过去进行时。根据“the electronic typesetting system…in the 20th century.”可知，“电子排版系统”和“发明”之间是被动关系，即电子排版系统是被发明的，且时间是20世纪，是过去的时间，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态was invented。故选B。 9．句意：它帮助不同的文化更轻松地分享思想。 easily容易地，副词；easy容易的，形容词；easier更容易的，比较级，形容词。根据“This invention later spread around the world. It helped different cultures share ideas more….”可知，这里需要一个词来修饰动词share，修饰动词要用副词easily。故选A。 10．句意：如今，印刷在信息和知识的分享中扮演着一个重要的角色。 the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前。根据“Today, printing plays…important role in sharing information and knowledge.”可知，这里表示“扮演一个重要的角色”，是泛指，important是以元音音素/ɪ/开头的单词，所以要用不定冠词 an。故选C。 （2） （2023·广东佛山·二模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 I always got top grades in primary school. Things changed when it came to 1 8th grade science. I couldn’t seem to understand it no matter 2 hard I tried. I was about to take a science test. That made me worried. My parents were so proud of me, and I didn’t want 3 them down. So before the test, I wrote several notes from the textbook on my desk 4 a pencil. The writing was so 5 that it could hardly be seen. I felt nervous as the teacher handed out the test paper and my heart 6 fast. Suddenly, a fire alarm went off. The test was stopped and we were asked to wait on the playground. As I stood in the sun 7 , I realized how silly I was. I knew my parents would still love me no matter what my grades are. When we 8 to come into the classroom again, I cleaned the notes away. I was given a second chance and I wouldn’t waste 9 . Finally, I finished the test and felt quite peaceful. I don’t remember what my grade was, 10 what happened that day has stayed in my heart and mind. Life is full of second chances, but you have to be willing to take them and grow from them. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．what B．what a C．how 3．A．let B．to let C．letting 4．A．with B．by C．from 5．A．light B．lighter C．the lightest 6．A．beats B．was beating C．has beaten 7．A．quiet B．quietly C．quietness 8．A．allowed B．are allowed C．were allowed 9．A．it B．its C．them 10．A．so B．but C．and 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者由成绩好变得成绩差，为了不让父母失望而想在考试时候作弊，最后阻止了自己并平静地完成了考试的故事，说明了生活中总是充满机会，我们需要乐意接受并从中成长。 1．句意：当谈到八年级的科学时，情况发生了变化。 a一，用于辅音音素前；an一，用于元音音素前；the表示特指。此处是特指八年级的科学，应用定冠词the。故选C。 2．句意：不管我怎么努力，我似乎都无法理解。 what什么；what a一个多么；how怎样。hard表示“努力地”，是副词，应用副词how“多么”修饰。故选C。 3．句意：我的父母为我感到骄傲，我不想让他们失望。 let让；to let让，不定式；letting让，动名词。短语want to do sth表示“想要做某事”，其后接不定式。故选B。 4．句意：所以在考试之前，我用铅笔在桌子上写了一些课本上的笔记。 with用；by通过；from从。此处表示方式，使用的工具是一支铅笔，应用介词with。故选A。 5．句意：字迹太轻了，几乎看不见。 light轻的；lighter更轻的；the lightest最轻的。短语so+adj+that+从句表示“如此……，以至于……”，应用形容词原级。故选A。 6．句意：当老师分发试卷时，我感到很紧张，我的心跳很快。 beats跳动，三单式；was beating正跳动；has beaten已经跳动。文章时态为过去时，结合“as the teacher handed out the test paper”可知是老师分发试卷时候，应用过去进行时。故选B。 7．句意：当我静静地站在阳光下时，我意识到自己有多傻。 quiet安静的，形容词；quietly安静地，副词；quietness安静，名词。此处应用副词修饰动词stood。故选B。 8．句意：当我们被允许再次进入教室时，我把笔记清理干净了。 allowed允许；are allowed被允许；were allowed被允许，过去时。主语we和allow是动宾关系，应用被动语态，文章时态为过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 9．句意：我得到了第二次机会，我不会浪费它。 it它；its它的；them他们。此处应用宾格it指代“second chance”。故选A。 10．句意：我不记得我的成绩了，但那天发生的事情一直萦绕在我的脑海中。 so所以；but但是；and和。根据“I don’t remember what my grade was...what happened that day has stayed in my heart and mind.”可知前后为转折关系，应用but表示。故选B。 （3） （2025·广东珠海·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Every day in newspapers and magazines there are plenty of articles telling us that we should exercise more in our daily life. Nowadays the benefits (好处) of running 1 by some scientists. They say it is one of the best ways to keep fit. It can make you feel better and look younger. It can even make you live 2 . Here is something that you need to pay attention to while running. All you need for running are some comfortable clothes and trainers (运动鞋). You don’t need to buy special clothes. But you should get 3 good pair of trainers. And remember that you should always wear larger trainers than your usual 4 to run. Some people find running boring, so go cycling or swimming instead sometimes. Also, you shouldn’t exercise every day. Consider how 5 if your body gets sore, take a day off to rest, or you may end up injuring 6 . According to a survey, it’s common to rest two or three times a week. You should eat well and drink lots of water 7 you can still have nice things like chocolate sometimes. Do some leg and stomach exercises every week 8 you stronger and help you run better. 9 beginners, there are lots of ways to make exercise fun. You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend. Find a partner who can give you a reason not to give up and keep you company while running. Try running, and your life 10 different. 1．A．are introducing B．were introduced C．are introduced 2．A．long B．longer C．longest 3．A．the B．a C．an 4．A．shoe’s B．shoes’ C．shoes 5．A．do you feel B．you feel C．you felt 6．A．you B．your C．yourself 7．A．but B．or C．though 8．A．make B．making C．to make 9．A．For B．With C．To 10．A．is B．will be C．was 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了跑步的好处和方法。 1．句意：如今，一些科学家介绍了跑步的好处。 are introducing正在介绍，现在进行时；were introduced被介绍，一般过去时的被动语态；are introduced被介绍，一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Nowadays”可知，句子时态为一般现在时；根据题干中“by some scientists”可知本句需用被动语态，因此此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 2．句意：它甚至可以使你活的更长久。 long长的，原级；longer更长的，比较级；longest最长的，最高级。根据前句“It can make you feel better and look younger.”可知跑步可以使你感觉更好，看起来更年轻；该句应该是活得更长久，用比较级。故选B。 3．句意：但是你应该买一双好的运动鞋。 the定冠词，表示特指；a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词。根据“good pair of trainers”可知，此处泛指一双好的运动鞋，good为辅音音素开头的单词，空格处应用a。故选B。 4．句意：记住，跑步时你应该总是穿比平时鞋子大一号的运动鞋。 shoe’s鞋的，单数名词所有格；shoes’鞋的，复数名词所有格；shoes鞋，复数名词。根据“And remember that you should always wear larger trainers than your usual…to run.”可知表达比平时穿的鞋子要大一号，此处泛指平时穿的鞋子，应用复数。故选C。 5．句意：如果你的身体感到疼痛，考虑一下你的感受，休息一天，否则你可能会受伤。 do you feel一般现在时的一般疑问句；you feel一般现在时的陈述句；you felt一般过去时的陈述句。根据题干“Consider how…if your body gets sore.”可知how引导的宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，根据前后句可知句子时态是一般现在时。故选B。 6．句意：如果你的身体感到疼痛，考虑一下你的感受，休息一天，否则你可能会受伤。 you你，主格；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。injury oneself “伤害自己”。故选C。 7．句意：你应该吃得好，多喝水，但是有时你仍然可以吃像巧克力这样的好东西。 but但是；or或者；though尽管。根据前句“You should eat well and drink lots of water...you can still have nice things like chocolate sometimes.”可知两句是转折关系，有时你仍然可以吃像巧克力这样的好东西。故选A。 8．句意：每周做一些腿部和腹部锻炼，让你更强壮，帮助你跑得更好。 make制造，动词原形；making动名词；to make动词不定式。根据“Do some leg and stomach exercises every week…you stronger and help you run better.”可知此处填不定式表示目的。故选C。 9．句意：对于初学者来说，有很多方法可以让锻炼变得有趣。 For对于；With和；To到。根据后句“You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend.”可知你可以加入一个俱乐部，或者和朋友一起锻炼，可见这是对于初学者而言。故选A。 10．句意：试着跑步，你的生活就会不同。 is是，用于一般现在时，主语为单数名词或不可数名词；will be将会，用于一般将来时；was是，用于一般过去时，主语为单数或不可数名词。根据“Try running, and your life … different.”可知，生活会不同是试着跑步后将发生的事，应用一般将来时。故选B。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $