专题09 连词和并列句、复合句（复习讲义）（北京专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦连词与并列句、复合句核心考点，覆盖并列连词、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句及句子转换等中考高频内容，通过“考情分析-框架构建-考点攻坚-预测闯关”四阶流程，结合真题梳理、方法归纳（如主谓一致就近原则）和分层训练，帮助学生系统突破语法难点。 亮点在于“真题动向+核心提炼+技巧点拨”三维设计，如宾语从句“连接词-语序-时态”三要素归纳，“祈使句+and/or”结构实战技巧，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。分层练习（基础选择、语法填空、同义转换）配合即时反馈，确保高效复习，助力教师精准把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

专题09 连词和并列句、复合句（复习讲义）（北京专用） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 并列连词 考点二 连词与简单句 考点三 连词与并列句 04 测·预测闯关 并列连词和并列句 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择题、写作中。 2．从命题内容上看，主要考查并列句。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 单项选择 第6小题 第6小题 第6小题 命题预测 主要有以下命题角度：并列句 主要在单项选择、写作中考查。 考点一 并列连词 1．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Hi, Mike! Would you like to go boating with me? —Yes, I’d love to, ________ I have to finish my science project first. A．and B．or C．but D．for 并列连词连接并列的词、短语或分句。常见的并列连词有以下几类： 1.表示并列关系的连词 and（和）、both...and...（……和……都，既……又……）、not only...but also...（不但……而且……）、neither...nor...（既不……也不……）、as well as（也，还） 2.表示转折关系的连词 but（但是）while（而）yet（然而,但是） 3.表示选择关系的连词 or（或者）、either...or...（要么……要么……）、not...but...（不是……而是……） 4.表示因果关系的连词 so（所以）、for（因为） 1．（2021·北京平谷·二模）The shirt looks good on me, ________ it’s a little expensive. A．but B．and C．or D．so 2．（2025·北京海淀·三模）I wanted to buy a new dictionary, ________ I didn’t have enough money. A．and B．but C．or D．so 3．（2025·北京东城·二模）—Let’s have a picnic this Saturday! —That sounds fun, ________ I need to study for a maths test. A．and B．but C．so D．or 考点二 连词与简单句 在简单句中,主要句子成分可以由一个词或短语充当,也可以由两个或两个以上的词或短语充当,组成并列的成分。这些并列的成分主要由连词连接。 并列连词可连接的成分 1.并列的主语（注意主谓一致） Either the teacher or the students are responsible for cleaning the classroom. 老师或学生负责打扫教室。 知识归纳 需要注意主谓一致的连词 含义及用法 例句 both...and...“……和……都”（谓语动词用复数） Both my cousin and I like playing football.我的表弟和我都喜欢踢足球。 ①neither...nor...“……和……都不” ②either...or...“要么……要么……” ③not only...but （also）...“不仅……而且……” ④not...but...“不是……而是……” （连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的数与其最近的主语保持一致,即“就近原则”） Neither I nor he has been to China. 我和他都没去过中国。 Either my father or my brothers are coming.不是我父亲就是我兄弟们要来。 Not only he but also I am interested in playing the drum.不只他，我也对打鼓感兴趣。 2.并列的谓语 He not only did the shopping, but also cooked the meal.他不仅买了东西，而且还做了饭。 3.并列的宾语 I'll look after you as well as your aunt.我会照顾你和你的姨母。 4.并列的定语 I love moist and chewy cookies.我喜欢口感湿润有嚼劲的饼干。 5.并列的状语 She had pains in her elbow and between her shoulder blades. 她肘部和（两个）肩胛骨之间疼。 6.并列的补语 The coach asked the team to work harder and stay focused. 教练要求队伍更加努力并且保持专注。 通过观察与空处并列的词,可以帮助判断空处的词性、动词时态、名词的单复数等。 例1 Isn't it a pleasure to study and what you have learnt?（空处与to study并列，因此推断填动词原形。） 例2 It's a tradition for us Chinese to visit our and friends often.（空处与后面的friends并列作visit的宾语，因此推断填名词。） 考点三 连词与并列句 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）Janet has done a lot for us, ________ we want to write her a thank-you letter. A．or B．but C．so D．for 2．（2022·北京·中考真题）Mr. Smith has helped me a lot, _________ I’m thankful to him. A．or B．but C．for D．so 3．（2021·北京·中考真题）The doctors worked for ten hours, ________ nobody took a break. A．so B．for C．but D．or 连词 含义及用法 例句 and “和,并且,而且” The cake looks delicious and smells sweet. “结果是，那么，就”表示结果 Be careful,and you'll make fewer mistakes. or “或者”,表示选择 You can go to the party tonight,or you can stay at home and study for the exam. “否则”,表示不做某事的后果 Work hard,or you'll fail in your exams. but “然而,但是,可是”，不和though或although连用 I failed last time,but I won't lose confidence. while “却，但是；而”，强调两种情况之间的差别 Tom's good at science,while his brother is hopeless. so “因此,所以”,不和because连用 She doesn't know French,so she doesn't understand me at all. for “因为”，用于补充说明理由,不放于句首 I was late this morning,for I got up late. 1. and除表示并列关系外，还表示顺承或递进关系。 2. “祈使句+and/or+一般将来时的陈述句”结构中,祈使句表示条件,在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。and表示顺承,or意为“否则”。 Get up early, and you'll catch the early bus.早点起床，你就会赶上早班公共汽车。 Get up early, or you'll miss the early bus.早点起床，否则你会错过早班公共汽车。 1．（2025·北京顺义·二模）The doctors worked for eight hours, ________ nobody stopped for a break. A．or B．but C．so D．for 2．（2025·北京·模拟预测）Rules (规则) are helpful to us. ________ we have to follow (遵守) them. A．Because B．But C．and D．So 3．（2025·北京大兴·一模）Our plan is to walk in the countryside, ________ we’d better wear comfortable shoes. A．so B．because C．but D．or 一．单项选择 1．（2025·北京房山·二模）—Hi, Amy! Let’s go to the park for a picnic this weekend. —I’d love to, ________ I have to finish my report first. A．but B．or C．and D．so 2．（2024·北京西城·模拟预测）The shirt is nice and cheap, ________ it doesn’t fit me well. A．for B．so C．but D．or 3．（2024·北京东城·模拟预测）Hurry up, ______ you will miss the train. A．and B．or C．so D．but 4．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）China has made great progress in green energy ________ we still have a long way to go to achieve greater development. A．so B．or C．and D．but 二．语法选择 （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is magic to me. My interest in it came from my experience. Years ago, I often had headaches, and my life 1 seriously. 2 I tried many different ways, none of them worked. Luckily, I met with 3 doctor of TCM during my trip in China. He advised me 4 some Chinese medicine. So I did. To my 5 , my pain was gone within a week. Later, I found that TCM could be of great help to some illnesses lasting for a long time, such as sleeping problems or physical pains. The helpful methods in TCM also took my 6 interest. 7 her help and support, I’m running a website to introduce TCM now. I want to show 8 some illnesses and help people understand that if they have some health problems, they can try TCM. All these experiences with TCM led me to study ancient Chinese philosophy (哲学), for many of TCM ideas, such as yin and yang, and qi, were 9 inspired (启发) by it. Since then, I 10 onto the road to learning about Chinese culture. 1．A．is influenced B．was influenced C．influences D．influenced 2．A．Before B．Until C．Because D．Although 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．take B．to take C．taking D．takes 5．A．surprise B．surprised C．disappointed D．disappointment 6．A．wife B．wife’s C．son D．son’s 7．A．By B．In C．With D．On 8．A．how TCM treats B．how does TCM treat C．when TCM treats D．when does TCM treat 9．A．direct B．directly C．recent D．recently 10．A．step B．stepped C．will step D．have stepped 连词与主从复合句 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 连词与状语从句 考点二 连接词与宾语从句 考点三 关系词与定语从句 考点四 各种句子类型之间的转换 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择题、阅读理解、写作中。 2．从命题内容上看，主要考查宾语从句。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 单项选择 第12小题 第12小题 第121小题 命题预测 主要有以下命题角度：并列句、状语从句、宾语从句。 主要在单项选择、阅读理解、写作中考查。 考点一 连词与状语从句 1.时间状语从句 时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。当主句是一般将来时或祈使句时，时间状语从句通常用一般现在时。 连词 含义及用法 例句 when “当……时”,从句动词既可为延续性动词,也可为非延续性动词 I felt very happy when you came to see me. while “当……的时候”,从句动词为延续性动词 They rushed in while we were discussing problems. as “当……时”,侧重表示同时发生 Helen heard the story as she washed clothes. “随着” We get wiser as we get older. whenever “每当;任何时候”,可以和every time互换 Whenever I hear that tune, it makes me think of you. Come and visit me whenever you want. since “自……以来”,主句通常用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时 I have worked in this company since I graduated from Peking University. before “在……之前” I will always work hard before I achieve my dream. after “在……之后” She showed me many beautiful stamps after I got to her home. until/till 肯定句中意为“直到……为止”,主句动词用延续性动词 I'll wait for you until/till you come to see me. 否定句中用于“not...until...”结构，意为“直到……才”,主句动词用非延续性动词 He didn't cry until he saw his mother. as soon as “一……就……” As soon as he arrives, I'll tell him. 2.原因状语从句 原因状语从句是指在复合句中表示主句动作发生原因的句子。 连词 含义及用法 例句 since “由于,既然”,表示人们已知的事实、显然的理由 Since everyone is here, let's get started. as “因为”,与since的用法相似,所引出的原因很明显,或已为人们所熟知，不需要加以强调 As it was getting late, I turned around to start for home. 3.条件状语从句 条件状语从句在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件。主句为祈使句、一般将来时或含有情态动词时,条件状语从句常用一般现在时。 连词 含义及用法 例句 if “如果” I'll visit the Great Wall if it doesn't rain tomorrow. unless “除非,如果不”（=if...not） Unless he apologizes, I will refuse to come. We'll go for an outing tomorrow unless it rains （=if it doesn't rain）. 4.结果状语从句 结果状语从句用来补充说明主句动作发生所带来的结果。引导结果状语从句的连词主要有so...that...和such...that...。 知识拓展 such...that...与so...that...的句型结构： such（such是限定词.只能修饰名词（词组））+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that so+形容词/副词+that so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that The boy is so young that he can't go to school. She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much. 5.目的状语从句 目的状语从句用以说明主句动作发生的目的。目的状语从句通常由so that和in order that等引导,表示“为了,以便”。从句中多使用情态动词can、may、will、could、might、would或should等。 He must get up early so that he can go to work on time. ·He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. 6.让步状语从句 让步状语从句表示即便出现从句中的情况，主句动作仍然会发生，有“退一步说……”的含义。 连词 含义及用法 例句 though/although “尽管,虽然”,可以与yet连用,但不与but连用 They are generous though they are poor. even though/even if “尽管,即使”,表示的语气更强 We'll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad. while “在……同时;尽管” While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them. wh-ever类引导词 “无论……”（=no matter+相应的wh-词） Whatever he says, don't believe him. Whoever you ask, you will get the same answer. 1．（2025·北京石景山·二模）Mark plans to study in Paris next year _________ he is interested in French culture. A．or B．because C．but D．so 2．（2025·北京海淀·二模）Linda felt very proud ________ she won the first prize in the speech competition. A．but B．or C．although D．because 3．（2025·北京昌平·二模）Daily exercise is necessary ________ it can help us stay healthy. A．because B．but C．so D．or 4．（2025·天津河北·二模）We can learn to take turns, share and solve problems ________ we join teams working together. A．or B．but C．when D．whether 5．（2025·北京海淀·模拟预测）Everyone wants to make friends with Andy, ________ he is very friendly. A．but B．because C．so D．or 6．（2025·北京东城·模拟预测）Jim has learnt a lot about Chinese culture since he ________ to study in our school. A．begins B．began C．will begin D．has begun 考点二 连接词与宾语从句 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）— Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A． where we are going B．where we went C．where are we going D．where did we go 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Tim, do you know ________ the art festival? — Sure! Next Friday. A． when did we hold B．when we held C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Lily, can you tell me ________ during the Dragon Boat Festival this year? —Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race. A． what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do 4．（2022·北京·中考真题）—Do you know _________ the new national park? —Yes, I do. To protect wildlife and benefit the local people. A．why did China set up B．why China set up C．when did China set up D．when China set up 5．（2021·北京·中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________? —Next Thursday morning. A．when we visited the Capital Museum B．when did we visit the Capital Museum C．when we will visit the Capital Museum D．when will we visit the Capital Museum 1.宾语从句的用法 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。宾语从句可跟在及物动词、介词和部分形容词之后作宾语。 ·I wondered how he managed to solve the problem so quickly. ·She told me （that） she was moving to a new city for her job. ·She is thinking about what she will do after graduation. ·I am glad that everyone is here on time. 2.宾语从句的连接词 连词 作用 例句 that 无意义，不作成分，可省略 He said （that） Kate was good at swimming. if/whether 意为“是否”，不可省略 He asked me if Miss Gao was a teacher. 连接代词what、which、who（m）、whose 在从句中作一定的成分（如主语、宾语等），不可省略 I don't know what they are going to do. He asked me whose book this was. 连接副词when、where、why、how等 在从句中作状语，不可省略 I asked him when he'd be back to pick me up. Do you know how they found the place? 除上述连词外，whatever（任何……的事物；什么……都）、whichever（……的哪个；……的哪些）、whoever（……的那个人或那些人；……的任何人）也可以引导宾语从句。 ·You can choose whichever book you like from the reading list. 3.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句必须是陈述语序，即按照先主语后谓语的顺序。 ·What is Kate's email address? Do you know? →Do you know what Kate's email address is? 4.宾语从句的时态 主句时态 从句时态 例句 一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、 根据实际情况而定，不受主句时态限制（主现从不限） I remember （that） he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow. 一般过去时、过去进行时 一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时、（主过从必过） He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked me if I had taken his soap. 任一时态 一般现在时（宾语从句表示客观真理、事实或是谚语、俗语） The geography teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. （1）宾语从句的特殊否定形式——否定转移 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称（I/we），谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等时，要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。 I don't think （that） he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。 （2）疑问形式 带有宾语从句的陈述句转换为疑问句时通常只需要把主句变为疑问句。 陈述句：She is sure that she will pass the exam. 疑问句：Is she sure that she will pass the exam? 1．（2025·北京海淀·三模）—Do you know ________ the Science Museum tomorrow? —At 9:00 a. m. A．what time they will arrive at B．what time will they arrive at C．what time they arrived at D．what time did they arrive at 2．（2025·北京东城·二模）—Sara, do you know ________ the class? —Her mom told me she had a fever. A．why did Lily miss B．why Lily missed C．why will Lily miss D．why Lily will miss 3．（2025·北京房山·二模）—Peter, do you know ________ the art festival last week! —Sure! In the community center. A．where will the students hold B．where the students will hold C．where did the students hold D．where the students held 4．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）—Could you tell me ________ in China? —It started in Xi’an. It went through Asia, the Middle East, North Africa and Europe. A．when did the Silk Road start B．when the Silk Road started C．where did the Silk Road start D．where the Silk Road started 考点三 关系词与定语从句 1.含定语从句的复合句常见的结构 （1）主语+定语从句+动词+宾语 The dog that bark loudly scared the children.那只大声吠叫的狗吓到了孩子们。 （2）主语+动词+宾语+定语从句 I have a question that needs to be answered immediately. 我有一个需要立即回答的问题。 2.引导定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词（如that、which、who、whom、whose）和关系副词（如when、where、why）。 （1）关系代词的用法 关系代词 先行词 所作成分 例句 that、who、whom 人 主语、宾语（whom只作宾语） Do you know the girl who/that is standing under the tree? The guest who/whom/that he introduced to us is a famous writer. that、which 物 主语、宾语 She got a computer which/that her parents bought for her. whose 人/物 定语 The classroom whose windows are open is mine. 关系代词指代物时只能用that的情况 ①先行词为不定代词all、any、few、little、much、nothing、everything、something、anything等或被其修饰时 ·All that glitters is not gold.闪光的未必都是金子。 ②先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时 ·This is the first book that I have bought this year.这是我今年买的第一本书。 ·This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 ③先行词被the only、the very、the last、the same等修饰时 ·This is the very house that I have been looking for. 这正是我一直在找的房子。 ④先行词既有人又有物时 ·We are talking about the teachers and schools that we visited last year. 我们正在谈论去年我们拜访过的老师和学校。 注意 关系代词作介词宾语时，可以把介词前置，这时只能用whom指人，用which指物。 （2）关系副词的用法 关系副词 先行词 所作成分 例句 when 时间 状语 I still remember the day when （=on which） you left for Beijing. where 地点 This is the school where （=in which） my mother works. why 原因 Could you explain the reason why （=for which） you were late? 注意 关系副词通常可替换为“介词+which”。 1．（2025·北京·模拟预测）The panda is a kind of animal ________ can be found only in China. A．who B．whose C．where D．which 2．（2025·北京·模拟预测）—Why do you keep silent, Lily? —I’ve lost the book ______ my dad gave me last week. A．who B．which C．when D．where 3．（2023·湖北十堰·一模）—What do you think of the latest online physics lessons ________ were given by the taikonaut (中国宇航员) last month? —How wonderful! I learned a lot from them. A．which B．who C．what D．that 考点四 各种句子类型之间的转换 一、简单句和状语从句的转换 1.借助动词不定式 （1）目的状语从句转换成简单句 ·He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.→He must get up early so as to/in order to go to work on time. 他必须早点起床，以便能按时上班。 （2）结果状语从句转换成简单句 ·She was so angry that she could not speak.→She was too angry to speak. 她气得说不出话来。 ·He was so foolish that he believed everything he read online.→He was foolish enough to believe everything he read online. 他愚蠢到相信他在网上看到的一切。 注意用“动词不定式”将目的状语从句或结果状语从句转换成简单句的前提是从句的主语和主句的主语一致。 2.借助介词短语 （1）时间状语从句转换成简单句 He left home when he was seventeen years old.→He left home at the age of seventeen. 他17岁时离开了家。 （2）结果状语从句转换成简单句 The room was so comfortable that we were pleasantly surprised.→To our pleasant surprise, the room was so comfortable. 这个房间非常舒适，我们都很惊喜。 （3）让步状语从句转换成简单句 Although she has fame and fortune, she is not happy.→She is unhappy in spite of her fame and fortune. 尽管她有钱又有名，但她并不快乐。 （4）原因状语从句转换成简单句 She walks with a limp because she injured herself in childhood.→She walks with a limp owing to/because of a childhood injury. 因儿时受过伤，她走路一瘸一拐的。 3.借助（介词+）动词-ing形式的短语 Because I did not hear very well, I moved forward to stand much nearer to him.→Not hearing very well, I moved forward to stand much nearer to him. 因为听不清楚，我就走上前去站得离他更近一些。 Before you cross a main street, you must stand, see, and then go.→Before crossing a main street, you must stand, see, and then go. 穿过大街时，要一站、二看、三通过。 4.借助过去分词短语 The report was well-received because it was based on the accurate data.→Based on the accurate data, the report was well-received. 因基于准确的数据，该报告受到一致认可。 二、简单句和宾语从句的转换 1.借助动词不定式 I expected that the letter would arrive before noon.→I expected the letter to arrive before noon. 我以为那封信中午之前能到达。 We are wondering how we shall begin and where we shall end.→We are wondering how to begin and where to end.（用疑问词+动词不定式） 我们正琢磨如何开始和在哪里结束。 注意 用“疑问词+动词不定式”将宾语从句转换成简单句的前提是宾语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且主语的谓语动词通常是know、remember、forget、learn等。 2.借助动词-ing形式的短语 Grey insists that he did nothing wrong.→Grey insists on his doing nothing wrong. 格雷坚持说他没做错事。 3.借助复合宾语结构（宾语+宾补） I found that the road was rather slippery.→I found the road rather slippery. 我发现路很滑。 4.借助介词短语 ·These photos remind me that I once travelled to the UK.→These photos remind me of my trip to the UK. 这些照片使我想起了我的英国之行。 We are proud that we have achieved so much.→We are proud of our great achievements. 我们为取得这么大的成就感到自豪。 5.借助名词短语 It shows that he is generous.→It shows his generosity. 这表明他很慷慨。 三、简单句和定语从句的转换 1.借助介词短语 ·They found a kind of fish that has no eyes.→They found a kind of fish without eyes. 他们发现了一种没有眼睛的鱼。 ·It was the reason why he should be given a good chance.→It was the reason for giving him a good chance. 这就是他得到一个好机会的原因。 2.借助动词-ing形式的短语 ·Men that walk on ice sometimes fall.→Men walking on ice sometimes fall. 在冰上行走的人有时会跌倒。 3.借助过去分词短语 ·The book that was written by J.K. Rowling is a bestseller.→The book written by J.K. Rowling is a bestseller. J.K.罗琳写的这本书是畅销书。 4.借助形容词短语 ·The manager who is responsible for the project will attend the meeting.→The manager responsible for the project will attend the meeting. 负责该项目的经理将出席会议。 同义句转换 1．The boy became aware that he was doing right when his mother smiled to him. When the boy saw the _ _ _ _ on his mother's face, he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that he was right. 2．These are sweet memories. I will never forget them. These memories are _ _ _ _ sweet _ _ _ _ I will remember them forever. 3．To get good grades in today's exam, David didn't go to bed until midnight yesterday. David _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ until midnight yesterday in order to do well in today's exam. 4．跨专题考点 The man who wears a blue shirt is our English teacher. The man _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a blue shirt teaches _ _ _ _ English. 一．选择填空 1．（2025·北京石景山·二模）—Excuse me. Do you know _________ the Book Festival tomorrow? —Yes. At the library. A．where will we hold B．where do we hold C．where we will hold D．where we hold 2．（2025·北京丰台·二模）—Tina, could you tell me ________? —I borrowed it from the city library. A．where you get the novel B．where do you get the novel C．where you got the novel D．where did you get the novel 3．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）Tony will begin to do his homework as soon as he ________ home. A．got B．gets C．is getting D．has got 4．（2025·北京西城·模拟预测）________ he’s nearly 80 years old, he is still very active. A．Because B．Although C．Unless D．Until 5．（2024·北京西城·三模）________ Su Yiming is only 18 years old, he is already a highly successful sportsman. A．If B．Until C．Because D．Although 6．（2024·北京大兴·二模）—Linda, let’s have a picnic this Sunday. —Sounds good. If I ________ my homework, I will go with you. A．finish B．finished C．will finish D．have finished 7．（2024·北京石景山·二模）If you go to Kunming in winter, you_______ lots of birds from the north of China. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 8．（2024·北京石景山·二模）David had to stay in the hospital ________ he hurt his head. A．or B．so C．but D．because 9．（2022·吉林长春·一模）—What are you doing now, Linda? —I’m looking for my pen ________ my mother bought for me yesterday. A．who B．where C．that D．when 10．（2022·湖北·一模）—At present, young people prefer to use WeChat to keep in touch with their friends. —Yes. It is a good way of communication ________ is popular among young people. A．what B．who C．that D．whom 11．（2022·湖北十堰·一模）—Have you heard of Gu Ailing ? —Yes, she is an 18-year-old athlete ________ won two gold medals in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 12．（2025·全国·模拟预测）—Are people in Internet companies complaining about long working hours? —Yes. They make great contributions to IT industry, ________ they can’t achieve a balance between life and work. A．or B．if C．but D．since 13．（2025·江西吉安·二模）John hates most of the fruits ________ he loves sour grapes very much. A．because B．while C．unless D．and 14．（2025·云南昆明·三模）—What is love? —Love is like the wind—you can’t see it, ________ you can feel it. A．and B．but C．or D．so 15．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）On sale! The first three pairs of socks cost $15, ________ the fourth pair is free. A．where B．since C．while D．unless 16．（2025·云南楚雄·二模）—Tom, why not buy the model plane? —It’s wonderful, ________ it is too expensive. A．but B．if C．and D．since 17．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）The 8-year-old child can speak English very well ________ her parents can’t. A．if B．since C．so D．while 二．语法选择 （1） （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Today, I feel honored to introduce my hometown Xi’an to you. As 1 capital city of Shaanxi province, it is known as one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization. Xi’an lies 2 the northwest of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. At that time, the city 3 Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an 4 greater importance and became more famous all over the world. There 5 millions of people and lots of beautiful palaces. Both Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in building their ancient capitals. Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall is a good example. It goes around the city and is an important cultural site. In central Xi’an, there is the Bell Tower— 6 bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first built in the Ming Dynasty as an emergency alarm (紧急报警) 7 danger, and later it was very often used to tell people 8 . Now, it still stands there and becomes a symbol of the city. Xi’an is a city with a long history and rich culture, and it 9 a part of the modern world. It is best known as a center of software research, development and service. Compared with many other 10 , Xi’an not only always keeps the best of the past, but at the same time, warmly welcomes the future with its open arms. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．in B．on C．to D．from 3．A．name B．named C．is named D．was named 4．A．achieves B．achieved C．was achieving D．has achieved 5．A．have B．had C．are D．were 6．A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest 7．A．to bring B．bring C．to warn D．warn 8．A．what time is it B．what time it is C．what time was it D．what time it was 9．A．is also B．was also C．also is D．also was 10．A．city B．cities C．country D．countries （2） （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测） Thirty excellent young people from different fields have been nominated (被提名) for the 2025 China Youth May 4th Medal. Chen Lijun is one of 1 . Chen Lijun was born in 1992 in Zhejiang Province. She is a famous Yue Opera 2 at Zhejiang Xiaobaihua Yue Opera Theater. She began to study the art form 3 the age of 13. With her tall height and bright character, her teachers encouraged her 4 xiaosheng roles. Chen is known for her xiaosheng role in New Dragon Gate Inn, a Yueju Opera show. In 5 show, Chen played the role of a handsome man. Her role was a mix of both man and woman while having a strange sense of beauty. Her performance was so successful that 6 people liked it. “At first, most of the audience (观众) were common opera fans. But later, new audience, many of them 7 young people, began showing up,” Chen told China Daily. “Traditional Chinese opera must be passed on, but more importantly, it needs to be brought to a wider audience,” Chen 8 online on April 12 this year. Before, I didn’t know 9 . But now I know her a lot and she has become my cultural icon (偶像) by blending modern performance techniques with classic stories. Her story proves that passion (激情) and creativity can make ancient art shine 10 . 1．A．their B．them C．they D．theirs 2．A．actress B．actors C．actor D．actresses 3．A．in B．on C．to D．at 4．A．playing B．to play C．play D．plays 5．A．the B．an C．a D．/ 6．A．little B．much C．many D．a little 7．A．are B．was C．is D．were 8．A．is writing B．wrote C．writes D．will write 9．A．whom Chen Lijun was B．who was Chen Lijun C．who Chen Lijun was D．whom was Chen Lijun 10．A．bright B．badly C．bad D．brightly 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 连词和并列句、复合句（复习讲义）（北京专用） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 并列连词 考点二 连词与简单句 考点三 连词与并列句 04 测·预测闯关 并列连词和并列句 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择题、写作中。 2．从命题内容上看，主要考查并列句。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 单项选择 第6小题 第6小题 第6小题 命题预测 主要有以下命题角度：并列句 主要在单项选择、写作中考查。 考点一 并列连词 1．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Hi, Mike! Would you like to go boating with me? —Yes, I’d love to, ________ I have to finish my science project first. A．and B．or C．but D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，Mike！你愿意和我一起去划船吗？——是的，我愿意，但是我必须先完成我的科学项目。 考查连词辨析。and和，表并列；or或者，表选择；but但是，表转折；for因为，表原因。根据“Yes, I’d love to”和“I have to finish my science project first”可知，前后为转折关系，故选C。 并列连词连接并列的词、短语或分句。常见的并列连词有以下几类： 1.表示并列关系的连词 and（和）、both...and...（……和……都，既……又……）、not only...but also...（不但……而且……）、neither...nor...（既不……也不……）、as well as（也，还） 2.表示转折关系的连词 but（但是）while（而）yet（然而,但是） 3.表示选择关系的连词 or（或者）、either...or...（要么……要么……）、not...but...（不是……而是……） 4.表示因果关系的连词 so（所以）、for（因为） 1．（2021·北京平谷·二模）The shirt looks good on me, ________ it’s a little expensive. A．but B．and C．or D．so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我穿这件衬衫很好看，但有点贵。 考查连词。but但是，表转折关系；and和，表并列关系；or或者，表选择关系；so因此，表因果关系。根据前后句意可知，此处存在转折关系，故选A。 2．（2025·北京海淀·三模）I wanted to buy a new dictionary, ________ I didn’t have enough money. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想买一本新词典，但我没有足够的钱。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者；so所以。前后为转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。 3．（2025·北京东城·二模）—Let’s have a picnic this Saturday! —That sounds fun, ________ I need to study for a maths test. A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这周六我们去野餐吧！——听起来很有趣，但是我需要为数学考试复习。    考查连词辨析。and和（表并列）；but但是（表转折）；so所以（表因果）；or或者（表选择）。 根据语境，“去野餐很有趣”与“需要复习考试”之间为转折关系，前者是提议，后者是无法参与的原因，因此选but。故选B。 考点二 连词与简单句 在简单句中,主要句子成分可以由一个词或短语充当,也可以由两个或两个以上的词或短语充当,组成并列的成分。这些并列的成分主要由连词连接。 并列连词可连接的成分 1.并列的主语（注意主谓一致） Either the teacher or the students are responsible for cleaning the classroom. 老师或学生负责打扫教室。 知识归纳 需要注意主谓一致的连词 含义及用法 例句 both...and...“……和……都”（谓语动词用复数） Both my cousin and I like playing football.我的表弟和我都喜欢踢足球。 ①neither...nor...“……和……都不” ②either...or...“要么……要么……” ③not only...but （also）...“不仅……而且……” ④not...but...“不是……而是……” （连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的数与其最近的主语保持一致,即“就近原则”） Neither I nor he has been to China. 我和他都没去过中国。 Either my father or my brothers are coming.不是我父亲就是我兄弟们要来。 Not only he but also I am interested in playing the drum.不只他，我也对打鼓感兴趣。 2.并列的谓语 He not only did the shopping, but also cooked the meal.他不仅买了东西，而且还做了饭。 3.并列的宾语 I'll look after you as well as your aunt.我会照顾你和你的姨母。 4.并列的定语 I love moist and chewy cookies.我喜欢口感湿润有嚼劲的饼干。 5.并列的状语 She had pains in her elbow and between her shoulder blades. 她肘部和（两个）肩胛骨之间疼。 6.并列的补语 The coach asked the team to work harder and stay focused. 教练要求队伍更加努力并且保持专注。 通过观察与空处并列的词,可以帮助判断空处的词性、动词时态、名词的单复数等。 例1 Isn't it a pleasure to study and what you have learnt?（空处与to study并列，因此推断填动词原形。） 例2 It's a tradition for us Chinese to visit our and friends often.（空处与后面的friends并列作visit的宾语，因此推断填名词。） 考点三 连词与并列句 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）Janet has done a lot for us, ________ we want to write her a thank-you letter. A．or B．but C．so D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：珍妮特为我们做了很多，所以我们想给她写一封感谢信。 考查连词辨析。or或者；but但是；so因此；for因为。分析句子可知，因为珍妮特为我们做了很多，所以给她写感谢信，前后是因果关系，应用so连接。故选C。 2．（2022·北京·中考真题）Mr. Smith has helped me a lot, _________ I’m thankful to him. A．or B．but C．for D．so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：史密斯先生帮了我很多，所以我很感谢他。 考查连词辨析。or或者；but但是；for为了；so因此。前后两句是因果关系，前因后果，用so连接，故选D。 3．（2021·北京·中考真题）The doctors worked for ten hours, ________ nobody took a break. A．so B．for C．but D．or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：医生们已经工作了十个小时，但是没人休息。 考查连词辨析。so因此；for为了；but但是；or或者。根据前后句句意可知，“连续工作十小时”和“不休息”之间存在转折关系。故选C。 连词 含义及用法 例句 and “和,并且,而且” The cake looks delicious and smells sweet. “结果是，那么，就”表示结果 Be careful,and you'll make fewer mistakes. or “或者”,表示选择 You can go to the party tonight,or you can stay at home and study for the exam. “否则”,表示不做某事的后果 Work hard,or you'll fail in your exams. but “然而,但是,可是”，不和though或although连用 I failed last time,but I won't lose confidence. while “却，但是；而”，强调两种情况之间的差别 Tom's good at science,while his brother is hopeless. so “因此,所以”,不和because连用 She doesn't know French,so she doesn't understand me at all. for “因为”，用于补充说明理由,不放于句首 I was late this morning,for I got up late. 1. and除表示并列关系外，还表示顺承或递进关系。 2. “祈使句+and/or+一般将来时的陈述句”结构中,祈使句表示条件,在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。and表示顺承,or意为“否则”。 Get up early, and you'll catch the early bus.早点起床，你就会赶上早班公共汽车。 Get up early, or you'll miss the early bus.早点起床，否则你会错过早班公共汽车。 1．（2025·北京顺义·二模）The doctors worked for eight hours, ________ nobody stopped for a break. A．or B．but C．so D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：医生们工作了八个小时，但是没有人停下来休息。   考查连词辨析。or或者，否则；but但是，表示转折关系；so所以，因此，表示因果关系；for因为，用于解释原因。根据“The doctors worked for eight hours,...nobody stopped for a break.”可知，医生们工作了八个小时，但是没有人停下来休息。故选B。 2．（2025·北京·模拟预测）Rules (规则) are helpful to us. ________ we have to follow (遵守) them. A．Because B．But C．and D．So 【答案】D 【详解】句意：规则对我们有帮助。所以我们必须遵守它们。 考查连词辨析。Because因为；But但是；and和；So所以。根据“Rules (规则) are helpful to us…we have to follow (遵守) them.”可知，前后句之间是因果关系，前因后果，此处应用So引导结果状语从句。故选D。 3．（2025·北京大兴·一模）Our plan is to walk in the countryside, ________ we’d better wear comfortable shoes. A．so B．because C．but D．or 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的计划是去乡村徒步，所以我们最好穿舒适的鞋子。 考查连词辨析。so所以，表结果；because因为，表原因；but但是，表转折；or否则，表选择。根据“Our plan is to walk in the countryside,...we’d better wear comfortable shoes.”可知，前后是因果关系，前因后果，用so符合语境。故选A。 一．单项选择 1．（2025·北京房山·二模）—Hi, Amy! Let’s go to the park for a picnic this weekend. —I’d love to, ________ I have to finish my report first. A．but B．or C．and D．so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——嗨，Amy！这个周末我们去公园野餐吧。——我愿意，但我必须先完成我的报告。 考查连词辨析。but但是；or或者；and和；so所以。根据“I’d love to”和“I have to finish my report first”可知，前后为转折关系，故选A。 2．（2024·北京西城·模拟预测）The shirt is nice and cheap, ________ it doesn’t fit me well. A．for B．so C．but D．or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这件衬衫物美价廉，但我穿不合身。 考查连词辨析。for因为；so因此；but但是；or或者。根据“The shirt is nice and cheap, ... it doesn’t fit me well.”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用but连接。故选C。 3．（2024·北京东城·模拟预测）Hurry up, ______ you will miss the train. A．and B．or C．so D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：快点，否则你就赶不上火车了。 考查连词。and“和；并且”，表示并列、顺承或递进关系；or“否则”，连接两个并列的句子，前一个句子表示一种条件或假设，后一个句子表示在这种条件或假设不成立时可能产生的结果；so“所以”，表示因果关系；but“但是”，表示转折关系。根据“Hurry up, ... you will miss the train.”可知，“Hurry up”是条件，“you will miss the train”是条件不成立时可能产生的结果，可填入or表示“否则”。故选B。 4．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）China has made great progress in green energy ________ we still have a long way to go to achieve greater development. A．so B．or C．and D．but 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国在绿色能源方面取得了巨大进步，但我们还有很长的路要走以实现更大的发展。 考查并列连词辨析。so所以，表因果关系；or或者，表选择关系；and并且，表并列关系；but但是，表转折关系。根据“China has made great progress in green energy…we still have a long way to go to achieve greater development.”可知，前半句是一个肯定的成就，后半句则指出了不足之处。因此，两者之间是转折关系。故选D。 二．语法选择 （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is magic to me. My interest in it came from my experience. Years ago, I often had headaches, and my life 1 seriously. 2 I tried many different ways, none of them worked. Luckily, I met with 3 doctor of TCM during my trip in China. He advised me 4 some Chinese medicine. So I did. To my 5 , my pain was gone within a week. Later, I found that TCM could be of great help to some illnesses lasting for a long time, such as sleeping problems or physical pains. The helpful methods in TCM also took my 6 interest. 7 her help and support, I’m running a website to introduce TCM now. I want to show 8 some illnesses and help people understand that if they have some health problems, they can try TCM. All these experiences with TCM led me to study ancient Chinese philosophy (哲学), for many of TCM ideas, such as yin and yang, and qi, were 9 inspired (启发) by it. Since then, I 10 onto the road to learning about Chinese culture. 1．A．is influenced B．was influenced C．influences D．influenced 2．A．Before B．Until C．Because D．Although 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．take B．to take C．taking D．takes 5．A．surprise B．surprised C．disappointed D．disappointment 6．A．wife B．wife’s C．son D．son’s 7．A．By B．In C．With D．On 8．A．how TCM treats B．how does TCM treat C．when TCM treats D．when does TCM treat 9．A．direct B．directly C．recent D．recently 10．A．step B．stepped C．will step D．have stepped 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者因中医治愈头痛而对其产生兴趣，在妻子支持下推广中医，并由此深入研究中国哲学与文化的经历。 1．句意：我的生活受到了严重影响。 is influenced现在时被动语态；was influenced过去时被动语态；influences第三人称单数；influenced过去式。根据“Years ago”可知是过去发生的事，且life与influence是被动关系，故选B。 2．句意：虽然我尝试了很多不同的方法，但没有一个有效。 Before在……之前；Until 直到；Because 因为；Although 虽然。根据“none of them worked”可知前后是让步关系，故选D。 3．句意：幸运的是，在中国旅行时我遇到了一位中医医生。 a 不定冠词（辅音音素开头）；an 不定冠词（元音音素开头）；the 定冠词；/ 零冠词。doctor是可数名词单数且首次出现，TCM以辅音音素开头，故选A。 4．句意：他建议我吃一些中药。 take动词原形；to take不定式；taking动名词；takes第三人称单数。advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，故选B。 5．句意：令我惊讶的是，我的疼痛一周内就消失了。 surprise惊讶（名词）；surprised感到惊讶的（形容词）；disappointed失望的；disappointment 失望（名词）。to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，故选A。 6．句意：中医中有帮助的方法也引起了我的妻子的兴趣。 wife妻子；wife’s妻子的；son儿子；son’s儿子的。根据“her help and support”可知是妻子的兴趣，故选B。 7． 句意：在她的帮助和支持下，我现在经营着一个介绍中医的网站。 By通过；In在……里；With用、随着；On在……上。with one’s help“在某人的帮助下”，故选C。 8．句意：我想向人们展示中医如何治疗一些疾病，并帮助人们理解，如果他们有健康问题，可以尝试中医。 how TCM treats陈述语序；how does TCM treat疑问语序；when TCM treat陈述语序；when does TCM treat疑问语序。宾语从句要用陈述语序，且根据上下文是“如何治疗”，故选A。 9．句意：因为许多中医思想，如阴阳和气，是直接受到它启发的。 direct直接的（形容词）；directly直接地（副词）；recent最近的；recently最近（副词）。修饰动词inspired要用副词，且根据句意是“直接启发”，故选B。 10．句意：从那时起，我已经踏上了学习中国文化的道路。 step动词原形；stepped过去式；will step将来时；have stepped现在完成时。根据“Since then”可知要用现在完成时，故选D。 连词与主从复合句 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 连词与状语从句 考点二 连接词与宾语从句 考点三 关系词与定语从句 考点四 各种句子类型之间的转换 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择题、阅读理解、写作中。 2．从命题内容上看，主要考查宾语从句。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 单项选择 第12小题 第12小题 第121小题 命题预测 主要有以下命题角度：并列句、状语从句、宾语从句。 主要在单项选择、阅读理解、写作中考查。 考点一 连词与状语从句 1.时间状语从句 时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。当主句是一般将来时或祈使句时，时间状语从句通常用一般现在时。 连词 含义及用法 例句 when “当……时”,从句动词既可为延续性动词,也可为非延续性动词 I felt very happy when you came to see me. while “当……的时候”,从句动词为延续性动词 They rushed in while we were discussing problems. as “当……时”,侧重表示同时发生 Helen heard the story as she washed clothes. “随着” We get wiser as we get older. whenever “每当;任何时候”,可以和every time互换 Whenever I hear that tune, it makes me think of you. Come and visit me whenever you want. since “自……以来”,主句通常用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时 I have worked in this company since I graduated from Peking University. before “在……之前” I will always work hard before I achieve my dream. after “在……之后” She showed me many beautiful stamps after I got to her home. until/till 肯定句中意为“直到……为止”,主句动词用延续性动词 I'll wait for you until/till you come to see me. 否定句中用于“not...until...”结构，意为“直到……才”,主句动词用非延续性动词 He didn't cry until he saw his mother. as soon as “一……就……” As soon as he arrives, I'll tell him. 2.原因状语从句 原因状语从句是指在复合句中表示主句动作发生原因的句子。 连词 含义及用法 例句 since “由于,既然”,表示人们已知的事实、显然的理由 Since everyone is here, let's get started. as “因为”,与since的用法相似,所引出的原因很明显,或已为人们所熟知，不需要加以强调 As it was getting late, I turned around to start for home. 3.条件状语从句 条件状语从句在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件。主句为祈使句、一般将来时或含有情态动词时,条件状语从句常用一般现在时。 连词 含义及用法 例句 if “如果” I'll visit the Great Wall if it doesn't rain tomorrow. unless “除非,如果不”（=if...not） Unless he apologizes, I will refuse to come. We'll go for an outing tomorrow unless it rains （=if it doesn't rain）. 4.结果状语从句 结果状语从句用来补充说明主句动作发生所带来的结果。引导结果状语从句的连词主要有so...that...和such...that...。 知识拓展 such...that...与so...that...的句型结构： such（such是限定词.只能修饰名词（词组））+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that so+形容词/副词+that so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that The boy is so young that he can't go to school. She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much. 5.目的状语从句 目的状语从句用以说明主句动作发生的目的。目的状语从句通常由so that和in order that等引导,表示“为了,以便”。从句中多使用情态动词can、may、will、could、might、would或should等。 He must get up early so that he can go to work on time. ·He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. 6.让步状语从句 让步状语从句表示即便出现从句中的情况，主句动作仍然会发生，有“退一步说……”的含义。 连词 含义及用法 例句 though/although “尽管,虽然”,可以与yet连用,但不与but连用 They are generous though they are poor. even though/even if “尽管,即使”,表示的语气更强 We'll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad. while “在……同时;尽管” While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them. wh-ever类引导词 “无论……”（=no matter+相应的wh-词） Whatever he says, don't believe him. Whoever you ask, you will get the same answer. 1．（2025·北京石景山·二模）Mark plans to study in Paris next year _________ he is interested in French culture. A．or B．because C．but D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：马克计划明年去巴黎学习因为他对法国文化感兴趣。 考查连词辨析。or或者，表选择；because因为，表原因；but但是，表转折；so所以，表结果。根据“Mark plans to study in Paris next year…he is interested in French culture.”可知，对法国文化感兴趣是计划去巴黎学习的原因，because符合语境。故选B。 2．（2025·北京海淀·二模）Linda felt very proud ________ she won the first prize in the speech competition. A．but B．or C．although D．because 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Linda非常骄傲，因为她在演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。 考查连词辨析。but但是；or或者；although尽管；because因为。前后句存在因果关系，后句是因，因此用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。 3．（2025·北京昌平·二模）Daily exercise is necessary ________ it can help us stay healthy. A．because B．but C．so D．or 【答案】A 【详解】句意：日常锻炼是必要的，因为它能帮助我们保持健康。 考查连词辨析。because因为；but但是；so如此；or或者。前半句Daily exercise is necessary“日常锻炼是必要的”，后半句it can help us stay healthy“它能帮助我们保持健康”，后半句是在阐述前半句“日常锻炼必要”的原因。故选A。 4．（2025·天津河北·二模）We can learn to take turns, share and solve problems ________ we join teams working together. A．or B．but C．when D．whether 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我们加入团队合作时，我们可以学会轮流、分享和解决问题。 考查连词辨析。or或者；but但是；when在……时候；whether是否。根据“we join teams working together”可知，此处是指在加入团队合作的过程中能学会各项技能，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。 5．（2025·北京海淀·模拟预测）Everyone wants to make friends with Andy, ________ he is very friendly. A．but B．because C．so D．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每个人都想和安迪交朋友，因为他很友好。 考查连词辨析。but但；because因为；so所以；or或。根据“Everyone wants to make friends with Andy… he is very friendly.”的语境可知，此处表示因果关系，前果后因，B项符合。故选B。 6．（2025·北京东城·模拟预测）Jim has learnt a lot about Chinese culture since he ________ to study in our school. A．begins B．began C．will begin D．has begun 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从Jim开始在我们学校学习以来，他学到了很多关于中国文化的知识。 考查动词时态。根据“Jim has learnt a lot about Chinese culture since...”可知，此处为since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句应用过去时，谓语动词用过去式began。故选B。 考点二 连接词与宾语从句 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）— Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? — Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A． where we are going B．where we went C．where are we going D．where did we go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——琳达，你知道这学期我们学校旅行要去哪里吗？——是的。我们要去首都博物馆。 考查宾语从句。根据“do you know...for the school trip this term”可知，空处填入的是宾语从句，用陈述句序，因此排除选项C和D（均为疑问语序）；结合回答“We are going to the Capital Museum.”可知，此时宾语从句用一般将来时，排除选项B（为一般过去时）。故选A。 2．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Tim, do you know ________ the art festival? — Sure! Next Friday. A． when did we hold B．when we held C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Tim，你知道我们什么时候举办艺术节吗？——当然知道！下个星期五。 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，此处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除选项A、C；根据答语中的“Next Friday.”可知，此处表示将来要发生的动作，时态应用一般将来时。故选D。 3．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Lily, can you tell me ________ during the Dragon Boat Festival this year? —Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race. A． what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莉莉，你能告诉我今年端午节你做了什么吗？——确定。我们吃了粽子，看了赛龙舟。 考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除CD；主现从不限，结合“We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race.”可知，从句用一般过去时，排除A。故选B。 4．（2022·北京·中考真题）—Do you know _________ the new national park? —Yes, I do. To protect wildlife and benefit the local people. A．why did China set up B．why China set up C．when did China set up D．when China set up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道中国为什么要建立新的国家公园吗？——是的，我知道。为了保护野生动物，造福当地人民。 考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“To protect wildlife and benefit the local people.”可知，此处表示目的，故选B。 5．（2021·北京·中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________? —Next Thursday morning. A．when we visited the Capital Museum B．when did we visit the Capital Museum C．when we will visit the Capital Museum D．when will we visit the Capital Museum 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们什么时候去参观首都博物馆吗？——下个星期四早上。 考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BD；根据答语“Next Thursday morning.”可知，对将来时间提问，故选C。 1.宾语从句的用法 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。宾语从句可跟在及物动词、介词和部分形容词之后作宾语。 ·I wondered how he managed to solve the problem so quickly. ·She told me （that） she was moving to a new city for her job. ·She is thinking about what she will do after graduation. ·I am glad that everyone is here on time. 2.宾语从句的连接词 连词 作用 例句 that 无意义，不作成分，可省略 He said （that） Kate was good at swimming. if/whether 意为“是否”，不可省略 He asked me if Miss Gao was a teacher. 连接代词what、which、who（m）、whose 在从句中作一定的成分（如主语、宾语等），不可省略 I don't know what they are going to do. He asked me whose book this was. 连接副词when、where、why、how等 在从句中作状语，不可省略 I asked him when he'd be back to pick me up. Do you know how they found the place? 除上述连词外，whatever（任何……的事物；什么……都）、whichever（……的哪个；……的哪些）、whoever（……的那个人或那些人；……的任何人）也可以引导宾语从句。 ·You can choose whichever book you like from the reading list. 3.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句必须是陈述语序，即按照先主语后谓语的顺序。 ·What is Kate's email address? Do you know? →Do you know what Kate's email address is? 4.宾语从句的时态 主句时态 从句时态 例句 一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、 根据实际情况而定，不受主句时态限制（主现从不限） I remember （that） he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow. 一般过去时、过去进行时 一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时、（主过从必过） He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked me if I had taken his soap. 任一时态 一般现在时（宾语从句表示客观真理、事实或是谚语、俗语） The geography teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. （1）宾语从句的特殊否定形式——否定转移 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称（I/we），谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等时，要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。 I don't think （that） he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。 （2）疑问形式 带有宾语从句的陈述句转换为疑问句时通常只需要把主句变为疑问句。 陈述句：She is sure that she will pass the exam. 疑问句：Is she sure that she will pass the exam? 1．（2025·北京海淀·三模）—Do you know ________ the Science Museum tomorrow? —At 9:00 a. m. A．what time they will arrive at B．what time will they arrive at C．what time they arrived at D．what time did they arrive at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道他们明天什么时间到达科学博物馆？——早晨9点。 考查宾语从句。这里是宾语从句，宾语从句的语序是陈述语气，故排除BD；根据“tomorrow”可知，宾语从句的时态应该用一般将来时。故选A。 2．（2025·北京东城·二模）—Sara, do you know ________ the class? —Her mom told me she had a fever. A．why did Lily miss B．why Lily missed C．why will Lily miss D．why Lily will miss 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——萨拉，你知道莉莉为什么没来上课吗？——她妈妈告诉我她发烧了。 考查宾语从句。know后缺少宾语，故此处为宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，故排除A、C项。根据“Her mom told me she had a fever.”可知，此处是问过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故选B。 3．（2025·北京房山·二模）—Peter, do you know ________ the art festival last week! —Sure! In the community center. A．where will the students hold B．where the students will hold C．where did the students hold D．where the students held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——彼得，你知道上周学生们在哪里举办艺术节吗？——当然！在社区中心。 考查宾语从句。根据“do you know”可知此处是where引导的宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除A和C；结合“last week”可知“举办”的动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时，故选D。 4．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）—Could you tell me ________ in China? —It started in Xi’an. It went through Asia, the Middle East, North Africa and Europe. A．when did the Silk Road start B．when the Silk Road started C．where did the Silk Road start D．where the Silk Road started 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我丝绸之路在中国从哪里开始吗？——它从西安开始。它穿越亚洲、中东、北非和欧洲。 考查宾语从句。分析题干可知，空处使用宾语从句，从句使用陈述句语序，排除A和C；根据“It started in Xi’an.”可知，此处询问位置，用where引导宾语从句。故选D。 考点三 关系词与定语从句 1.含定语从句的复合句常见的结构 （1）主语+定语从句+动词+宾语 The dog that bark loudly scared the children.那只大声吠叫的狗吓到了孩子们。 （2）主语+动词+宾语+定语从句 I have a question that needs to be answered immediately. 我有一个需要立即回答的问题。 2.引导定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词（如that、which、who、whom、whose）和关系副词（如when、where、why）。 （1）关系代词的用法 关系代词 先行词 所作成分 例句 that、who、whom 人 主语、宾语（whom只作宾语） Do you know the girl who/that is standing under the tree? The guest who/whom/that he introduced to us is a famous writer. that、which 物 主语、宾语 She got a computer which/that her parents bought for her. whose 人/物 定语 The classroom whose windows are open is mine. 关系代词指代物时只能用that的情况 ①先行词为不定代词all、any、few、little、much、nothing、everything、something、anything等或被其修饰时 ·All that glitters is not gold.闪光的未必都是金子。 ②先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时 ·This is the first book that I have bought this year.这是我今年买的第一本书。 ·This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 ③先行词被the only、the very、the last、the same等修饰时 ·This is the very house that I have been looking for. 这正是我一直在找的房子。 ④先行词既有人又有物时 ·We are talking about the teachers and schools that we visited last year. 我们正在谈论去年我们拜访过的老师和学校。 注意 关系代词作介词宾语时，可以把介词前置，这时只能用whom指人，用which指物。 （2）关系副词的用法 关系副词 先行词 所作成分 例句 when 时间 状语 I still remember the day when （=on which） you left for Beijing. where 地点 This is the school where （=in which） my mother works. why 原因 Could you explain the reason why （=for which） you were late? 注意 关系副词通常可替换为“介词+which”。 1．（2025·北京·模拟预测）The panda is a kind of animal ________ can be found only in China. A．who B．whose C．where D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：熊猫是一种只能在中国找到的动物。 考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who指代人；whose表示所属关系；where表示地点；which指代物或动物。根据题干“The panda is a kind of animal ... can be found only in China”可知，空格处需要填入一个关系代词来指代前面的“animal”（动物），且引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，因此应选用指代物的关系代词“which”。故选D。 2．（2025·北京·模拟预测）—Why do you keep silent, Lily? —I’ve lost the book ______ my dad gave me last week. A．who B．which C．when D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莉莉，你为什么保持沉默？——我把我爸爸上周给我的那本书弄丢了。 考查定语从句的关系代词。who用于指代人；which用于指代物；when用于指代时间；where用于指代地点。根据“the book”可知，先行词“the book”是物，因此应使用“which”来引导定语从句。故选B。 3．（2023·湖北十堰·一模）—What do you think of the latest online physics lessons ________ were given by the taikonaut (中国宇航员) last month? —How wonderful! I learned a lot from them. A．which B．who C．what D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你觉得上个月由航天员开设的最新在线物理课怎么样？——多么精彩！我从它们学到了很多。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词lessons指物，且由最高级修饰，关系词用that，故选D。 考点四 各种句子类型之间的转换 一、简单句和状语从句的转换 1.借助动词不定式 （1）目的状语从句转换成简单句 ·He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.→He must get up early so as to/in order to go to work on time. 他必须早点起床，以便能按时上班。 （2）结果状语从句转换成简单句 ·She was so angry that she could not speak.→She was too angry to speak. 她气得说不出话来。 ·He was so foolish that he believed everything he read online.→He was foolish enough to believe everything he read online. 他愚蠢到相信他在网上看到的一切。 注意用“动词不定式”将目的状语从句或结果状语从句转换成简单句的前提是从句的主语和主句的主语一致。 2.借助介词短语 （1）时间状语从句转换成简单句 He left home when he was seventeen years old.→He left home at the age of seventeen. 他17岁时离开了家。 （2）结果状语从句转换成简单句 The room was so comfortable that we were pleasantly surprised.→To our pleasant surprise, the room was so comfortable. 这个房间非常舒适，我们都很惊喜。 （3）让步状语从句转换成简单句 Although she has fame and fortune, she is not happy.→She is unhappy in spite of her fame and fortune. 尽管她有钱又有名，但她并不快乐。 （4）原因状语从句转换成简单句 She walks with a limp because she injured herself in childhood.→She walks with a limp owing to/because of a childhood injury. 因儿时受过伤，她走路一瘸一拐的。 3.借助（介词+）动词-ing形式的短语 Because I did not hear very well, I moved forward to stand much nearer to him.→Not hearing very well, I moved forward to stand much nearer to him. 因为听不清楚，我就走上前去站得离他更近一些。 Before you cross a main street, you must stand, see, and then go.→Before crossing a main street, you must stand, see, and then go. 穿过大街时，要一站、二看、三通过。 4.借助过去分词短语 The report was well-received because it was based on the accurate data.→Based on the accurate data, the report was well-received. 因基于准确的数据，该报告受到一致认可。 二、简单句和宾语从句的转换 1.借助动词不定式 I expected that the letter would arrive before noon.→I expected the letter to arrive before noon. 我以为那封信中午之前能到达。 We are wondering how we shall begin and where we shall end.→We are wondering how to begin and where to end.（用疑问词+动词不定式） 我们正琢磨如何开始和在哪里结束。 注意 用“疑问词+动词不定式”将宾语从句转换成简单句的前提是宾语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且主语的谓语动词通常是know、remember、forget、learn等。 2.借助动词-ing形式的短语 Grey insists that he did nothing wrong.→Grey insists on his doing nothing wrong. 格雷坚持说他没做错事。 3.借助复合宾语结构（宾语+宾补） I found that the road was rather slippery.→I found the road rather slippery. 我发现路很滑。 4.借助介词短语 ·These photos remind me that I once travelled to the UK.→These photos remind me of my trip to the UK. 这些照片使我想起了我的英国之行。 We are proud that we have achieved so much.→We are proud of our great achievements. 我们为取得这么大的成就感到自豪。 5.借助名词短语 It shows that he is generous.→It shows his generosity. 这表明他很慷慨。 三、简单句和定语从句的转换 1.借助介词短语 ·They found a kind of fish that has no eyes.→They found a kind of fish without eyes. 他们发现了一种没有眼睛的鱼。 ·It was the reason why he should be given a good chance.→It was the reason for giving him a good chance. 这就是他得到一个好机会的原因。 2.借助动词-ing形式的短语 ·Men that walk on ice sometimes fall.→Men walking on ice sometimes fall. 在冰上行走的人有时会跌倒。 3.借助过去分词短语 ·The book that was written by J.K. Rowling is a bestseller.→The book written by J.K. Rowling is a bestseller. J.K.罗琳写的这本书是畅销书。 4.借助形容词短语 ·The manager who is responsible for the project will attend the meeting.→The manager responsible for the project will attend the meeting. 负责该项目的经理将出席会议。 同义句转换 1．The boy became aware that he was doing right when his mother smiled to him. When the boy saw the _ _ _ _ on his mother's face, he _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that he was right. 【答案】smile； realized 2．These are sweet memories. I will never forget them. These memories are _ _ _ _ sweet _ _ _ _ I will remember them forever. 【答案】so； that 3．To get good grades in today's exam, David didn't go to bed until midnight yesterday. David _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ until midnight yesterday in order to do well in today's exam. 【答案】stayed； up 4．跨专题考点 The man who wears a blue shirt is our English teacher. The man _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a blue shirt teaches _ _ _ _ English. 【答案】wearing/in； us 一．选择填空 1．（2025·北京石景山·二模）—Excuse me. Do you know _________ the Book Festival tomorrow? —Yes. At the library. A．where will we hold B．where do we hold C．where we will hold D．where we hold 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你知道明天的图书节将在哪里举行吗？——是的，在图书馆。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句需用陈述句语序（主语+谓语）；根据“tomorrow”可知用将来时“will hold”。故选C。 2．（2025·北京丰台·二模）—Tina, could you tell me ________? —I borrowed it from the city library. A．where you get the novel B．where do you get the novel C．where you got the novel D．where did you get the novel 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——蒂娜，你能告诉我你从哪里得到这本小说的吗？ ——我从市图书馆借的。 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除B和D；根据答语“I borrowed it from the city library.”可知，“获得小说”的动作发生在过去，所以宾语从句需用一般过去时，排除A。故选C。 3．（2025·北京门头沟·二模）Tony will begin to do his homework as soon as he ________ home. A．got B．gets C．is getting D．has got 【答案】B 【详解】句意：托尼一到家就会开始做家庭作业。 考查时间状语从句的时态。got一般过去时在；gets一般现在时第三人称单数形式；is getting现在进行时；has got现在完成时。根据“Tony will begin to do his homework as soon as he ... home.”，“as soon as” 引导的时间状语从句中，若主句为一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时表示将来动作。故选B。 4．（2025·北京西城·模拟预测）________ he’s nearly 80 years old, he is still very active. A．Because B．Although C．Unless D．Until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：尽管他快80岁了，但他仍然很活跃。 考查连词辨析。Because因为；Although尽管；Unless除非；Until直到。“年纪大”和“仍然活跃”之间存在让步转折关系，因此此处应用Although引导让步状语从句。故选B。 5．（2024·北京西城·三模）________ Su Yiming is only 18 years old, he is already a highly successful sportsman. A．If B．Until C．Because D．Although 【答案】D 【详解】句意：虽然苏翊鸣只有18岁，但他已经是一位非常成功的运动员。 考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；because因为；although虽然。前后两句是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。 6．（2024·北京大兴·二模）—Linda, let’s have a picnic this Sunday. —Sounds good. If I ________ my homework, I will go with you. A．finish B．finished C．will finish D．have finished 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——琳达，这个星期天我们去野餐吧。——听起来不错。如果我完成了我的作业，我会和你一起去。 考查条件状语从句的时态。if引导的条件状语从句，采用“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，故选A。 7．（2024·北京石景山·二模）If you go to Kunming in winter, you_______ lots of birds from the north of China. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你冬天去昆明，你会看到很多来自中国北方的鸟。 考查动词时态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，故选C。 8．（2024·北京石景山·二模）David had to stay in the hospital ________ he hurt his head. A．or B．so C．but D．because 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大卫不得不待在医院里，因为他伤了头。 考查连词辨析。or或者；so因此；but但是；because因为。分析题干可知，后句是前句的原因，结合选项可知，应用because引导此原因状语从句。故选D。 9．（2022·吉林长春·一模）—What are you doing now, Linda? —I’m looking for my pen ________ my mother bought for me yesterday. A．who B．where C．that D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你现在在做什么，琳达？——我正在找我妈妈昨天给我买的那支笔。 考查定语从句引导词。who指人，在定语从句中作主语；where在定语从句中作状语；that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；when在定语从句中作时间状语。根据“I’m looking for my pen ... my mother bought for me yesterday.”可知，先行词是my pen，指物，且在从句中作宾语，因此用that。故选C。 10．（2022·湖北·一模）—At present, young people prefer to use WeChat to keep in touch with their friends. —Yes. It is a good way of communication ________ is popular among young people. A．what B．who C．that D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——目前，年轻人更喜欢使用微信与朋友保持联系。——是的。这是一种很受年轻人欢迎的沟通方式。 考查定语从句关系词。根据“a good way of communication ... is popular among young people”可知此处是定语从句，先行词“communication”指物，且在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。 11．（2022·湖北十堰·一模）—Have you heard of Gu Ailing ? —Yes, she is an 18-year-old athlete ________ won two gold medals in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你听说过谷爱凌吗？——听说过，她是一名18岁的运动员，在北京2022年冬奥会上获得了两枚金牌。 考查定语从句。who引导定语从句时，在从句中作主语或宾语，指代人；whom引导定语从句时，在从句中作宾语，指代人；whose引导定语从句时，在从句中作定语，指代人或物；which引导定语从句时，在从句中作主语或宾语，指代物。该句的先行词是athlete，表示人，在从句中作主语，所以应用who引导定语从句，故选A。 12．（2025·全国·模拟预测）—Are people in Internet companies complaining about long working hours? —Yes. They make great contributions to IT industry, ________ they can’t achieve a balance between life and work. A．or B．if C．but D．since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——互联网公司的人在抱怨长时间的工作吗？——是的。他们为IT行业做出了巨大贡献，但是他们无法在生活和工作之间取得平衡。 考查连词辨析。or或者；if如果；but但是；since自从。根据“They make great contributions to IT industry...they can’t achieve a balance between life and work.”可知，前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接。故选C。 13．（2025·江西吉安·二模）John hates most of the fruits ________ he loves sour grapes very much. A．because B．while C．unless D．and 【答案】B 【详解】句意：John讨厌大多数水果，但他非常喜欢酸葡萄。 考查连词辨析。because因为；while然而；unless除非；and和。根据“John hates most of the fruits”可知，尽管讨厌大多数水果，但是非常喜欢酸葡萄，前后表示转折关系，用while连接。故选B。 14．（2025·云南昆明·三模）—What is love? —Love is like the wind—you can’t see it, ________ you can feel it. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爱是什么？——爱就像风——你看不见它，但你能感觉到它。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者；so所以。根据“you can’t see it”和“you can feel it”之间的转折关系可知，此处需用but连接，表示“看不见但能感觉到”。故选B。 15．（2025·江苏徐州·三模）On sale! The first three pairs of socks cost $15, ________ the fourth pair is free. A．where B．since C．while D．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：特价销售！前三双袜子15美元，而第四双是免费的。 考查连词辨析。where在哪里；since自从，因为；while然而，当……时候；unless除非。根据语境可知，此处是在对比前三双袜子和第四双袜子的价格，即前三双袜子需要付费，而第四双袜子是免费的，所以应该用while来表示这种对比关系。故选C。 16．（2025·云南楚雄·二模）—Tom, why not buy the model plane? —It’s wonderful, ________ it is too expensive. A．but B．if C．and D．since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆，为什么不买这个模型飞机呢？——它很棒，但是太贵了。 考查连词辨析。but但是，表转折；if如果，表假设；and和，表并列；since因为，自从，表原因或时间。根据“wonderful”和“too expensive”可知，前后句为转折关系，“但是太贵”是不买的原因。故选A。 17．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）The 8-year-old child can speak English very well ________ her parents can’t. A．if B．since C．so D．while 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个8岁的孩子英语说得很好，而她的父母却不能。 考查连词辨析。if如果；since自从；so所以；while然而。根据“The 8-year-old child can speak English very well…her parents can’t.”可知，此处表示对比，应用while。故选D。 二．语法选择 （1） （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Today, I feel honored to introduce my hometown Xi’an to you. As 1 capital city of Shaanxi province, it is known as one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization. Xi’an lies 2 the northwest of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. At that time, the city 3 Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an 4 greater importance and became more famous all over the world. There 5 millions of people and lots of beautiful palaces. Both Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in building their ancient capitals. Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall is a good example. It goes around the city and is an important cultural site. In central Xi’an, there is the Bell Tower— 6 bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first built in the Ming Dynasty as an emergency alarm (紧急报警) 7 danger, and later it was very often used to tell people 8 . Now, it still stands there and becomes a symbol of the city. Xi’an is a city with a long history and rich culture, and it 9 a part of the modern world. It is best known as a center of software research, development and service. Compared with many other 10 , Xi’an not only always keeps the best of the past, but at the same time, warmly welcomes the future with its open arms. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．in B．on C．to D．from 3．A．name B．named C．is named D．was named 4．A．achieves B．achieved C．was achieving D．has achieved 5．A．have B．had C．are D．were 6．A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest 7．A．to bring B．bring C．to warn D．warn 8．A．what time is it B．what time it is C．what time was it D．what time it was 9．A．is also B．was also C．also is D．also was 10．A．city B．cities C．country D．countries 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了西安的历史地位、地理位置、古代发展历程以及现代城市特色。 1．句意：作为陕西省的省会城市，它被誉为中华文明的发祥地之一。 a一个，不定冠词，修饰辅音音素开头的单数名词；an不定冠词，修饰元音音素开头的单数名词；the定冠词，表示特指或独一无二的；/零冠词。根据常识可知，西安是陕西的省会，独一无二。the capital of“……的省会”，故选C。 2．句意：西安位于中国西北部。 in在……里面；on领土接壤；to领土范围之外不接壤；from来自。根据常识可知，西安为中国的领土，故选A。 3．句意：当时，这座城市被命名为长安。 name命名，动词原形；named命名，动词过去式；is named被命名，一般现在时的被动语态；was named被命名，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“At that time”可知，为一般过去时；主语“the city”和“name”为被动关系，因此此处用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。 4．句意：唐朝时，西安的地位更加重要，在世界上也更加有名。 achieves实现，动词三单；achieved实现，动词过去式；was achieving正在实现，过去进行时；has achieved已经实现，现在完成时。根据“During the Tang Dynasty”可知说的是唐朝时，西安的地位更加重要，用一般过去时，故选B。 5．句意：当时有数百万人口和许多美丽的宫殿。 have拥有，一般现在时；had拥有，一般过去时；are是，为be动词的复数形式，一般现在时；were是，为be动词的复数形式，一般过去时。根据“During the Tang Dynasty”可知，此处依旧介绍的是唐朝时西安的盛况，用一般过去时，there be表示“存在，有”。故选D。 6．句意：西安市中心有一座钟楼——中国现存最大的钟楼。 large大的，形容词原级；larger更大的，形容词比较级；largest最大的，形容词最高级；the largest最大的，形容词最高级。根据“...bell tower remaining in China”可知，西安市中心的钟楼是全中国现存最大的，用形容词最高级来表示，且形容词最高级前要有定冠词the，故选D。 7．句意：这个钟始建于明代，是用来警告危险的紧急报警器，后来常用来告诉人们现在是几点钟。 to bring带来，不定式；bring带来，动词原形；to warn警告，不定式；warn警告，动词原形。根据“The bell was first built in the Ming Dynasty as an emergency alarm (紧急报警)...danger”可知，钟刚开始是为了警告危险而修建，to warn作目的状语，故选C。 8．句意：这个钟始建于明代，是用来警告危险的紧急报警器，后来常用来告诉人们现在是几点钟。 what time is it几点了，疑问语序，一般现在时；what time it is几点了，陈述语序，一般现在时；what time was it几点了，疑问语序，一般过去时；what time it was几点了，陈述语序，一般过去时。根据“it was very often used to tell people...”可知，此句为宾语从句，“主过从必过”，用陈述语序，故选D。 9．句意：西安是一座历史悠久、文化厚重的城市，同时也是现代世界的一部分。 is also也是，一般现在时；was also也是，一般过去时；also is语序错误；also was语序错误。根据“Xi’an is a city with a long history and rich culture, and it...”可知，此从句为一般现在时，be动词要放在副词also之前，故选A。 10．句意：与许多其他城市相比，西安不仅永远保留着过去的精华，同时也张开双臂热情欢迎未来的到来。 city城市，单数；cities城市，复数；country国家，单数；countries国家，复数。根据“Compared with many other...”可知，此处把西安这个城市和其他城市做比较，many other修饰复数名词，故选B。 （2） （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测） Thirty excellent young people from different fields have been nominated (被提名) for the 2025 China Youth May 4th Medal. Chen Lijun is one of 1 . Chen Lijun was born in 1992 in Zhejiang Province. She is a famous Yue Opera 2 at Zhejiang Xiaobaihua Yue Opera Theater. She began to study the art form 3 the age of 13. With her tall height and bright character, her teachers encouraged her 4 xiaosheng roles. Chen is known for her xiaosheng role in New Dragon Gate Inn, a Yueju Opera show. In 5 show, Chen played the role of a handsome man. Her role was a mix of both man and woman while having a strange sense of beauty. Her performance was so successful that 6 people liked it. “At first, most of the audience (观众) were common opera fans. But later, new audience, many of them 7 young people, began showing up,” Chen told China Daily. “Traditional Chinese opera must be passed on, but more importantly, it needs to be brought to a wider audience,” Chen 8 online on April 12 this year. Before, I didn’t know 9 . But now I know her a lot and she has become my cultural icon (偶像) by blending modern performance techniques with classic stories. Her story proves that passion (激情) and creativity can make ancient art shine 10 . 1．A．their B．them C．they D．theirs 2．A．actress B．actors C．actor D．actresses 3．A．in B．on C．to D．at 4．A．playing B．to play C．play D．plays 5．A．the B．an C．a D．/ 6．A．little B．much C．many D．a little 7．A．are B．was C．is D．were 8．A．is writing B．wrote C．writes D．will write 9．A．whom Chen Lijun was B．who was Chen Lijun C．who Chen Lijun was D．whom was Chen Lijun 10．A．bright B．badly C．bad D．brightly 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了越剧演员陈丽君被提名为2025年中国青年五四奖章候选人之一的经历及其艺术成就。 1．句意：陈丽君是其中之一。 their他们的；them他们（宾格）；they他们（主格）；theirs他们的（名词性物主代词）。根据“Thirty excellent young people…Chen Lijun is one of…”可知此处需用宾格代词指代前文提到的30位优秀青年，故选B。 2．句意：她是浙江小白花越剧院的著名越剧演员。 actress女演员；actors男演员（复数）；actor男演员；actresses女演员（复数）。根据主语“She”及职业描述可知应选用单数女性职业名词，故选A。 3．句意：她13岁时开始学习这种艺术形式。 in在……里；on在……上；to到；at在（具体年龄）。固定搭配“at the age of”表示“在……岁时”，故选D。 4．句意：老师鼓励她扮演小生角色。 playing扮演（现在分词）；to play扮演（不定式）；play扮演（原形）；plays扮演（三单）。encourage sb to do sth为固定搭配，故选B。 5．句意：在这部剧中，陈饰演了一个英俊的男子。 the特指；an一个（元音音素）；a一个；/不填。此处特指前文提到的《新龙门客栈》剧目，故选A。 6．句意：她的表演如此成功，以至于很多人都喜欢。 little很少（否定）；much很多（不可数）；many很多（可数）；a little一点。修饰“people”应用many，故选C。 7．句意：新观众中有很多是年轻人。 are是（现在时复数）；was是（过去时单数）；is是（现在时单数）；were是（过去时复数）。此处描述过去情况且“many of them”指代复数观众，故选D。 8．句意：陈在今年4月12日网上写道。 is writing正在写（现在进行时）；wrote写（过去时）；writes写（现在时）；will write将写（将来时）。根据时间状语“on April 12 this year”可知用过去时，故选B。 9．句意：以前我不知道陈丽君是谁。 whom Chen Lijun was（语序错误）；who was Chen Lijun（疑问语序）；who Chen Lijun was（正确宾语从句语序）；whom was Chen Lijun（双重错误）。宾语从句需用陈述语序，who作表语，故选C。 10．句意：激情与创意能让古老艺术闪耀光芒。 bright明亮的（形容词）；badly糟糕地；bad坏的；brightly明亮地（副词）。修饰动词“shine”需用副词，此处表示积极含义，用brightly。故选D。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $