Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language—Review useful structures-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦短语复习核心知识点，系统梳理名词短语、动词短语、介词短语、形容词短语和副词短语的构成与用法。通过“语法串烧”短文感知黑体短语，再结合定义、构成及实例精讲，辅以补全句子等练习，构建“感知-理解-应用”的学习支架。 资料以真实语境短文导入，引导学生感知短语功能，提升语言能力。通过分类讲解与实例分析，培养学生归纳比较的思维品质，核心词汇练习（如resign、deserve）强化应用，助力学习能力发展。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后便于学生回顾练习，弥补知识盲点。

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language—Review useful structures ——复习短语 阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分，并完成练习。 语法串烧 我的发现 　　Last Sunday，our volunteer club went to the home for the aged.On arriving there，we ①got down to doing some cleaning，after which we cut hair and sang songs for the elderly.②With big smiles on their faces，they watched our performance happily.Tired as we were，we felt very happy.③Most importantly，we could do something ④beneficial to others. 1.句子①为动词短语作谓语。 2.句子②为介词短语作状语。 3.句子③为副词短语作状语。 4.句子④为形容词短语作定语，修饰something。 语法知识精讲 　　短语(Phrases)是由两个或两个以上的词组合起来构成的表达方式(也称词组或词块)，是具有一定意义但不构成句子的一组词。短语的种类主要有：名词短语、动词短语、介词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。 一、名词短语(Noun Phrase，简称NP) 　　名词短语是指以一个名词为中心的短语，可以搭配不同修饰结构组成短语词块，在句中作多种成分。 1.名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。 These ideas may seem strange to you. 对你来说这些想法似乎很奇怪。(作主语) We love our great motherland very much. 我们非常热爱我们伟大的祖国。(作宾语) We elected him monitor of our class. 我们选他为我们的班长。(作宾语补足语) 2.两个或多个名词可以由 and等并列连词连接，构成名词短语。 Men and women are both invited to the party. 男人和女人都被邀请参加聚会。 3.“冠词＋名词”或者“名词＋介词短语”构成的名词短语。 I don’t know the woman in white. 我不认识那个穿白色衣服的女人。 4.名词本身作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语。 All of the students are deeply affected by their chemistry teacher. 同学们都被化学老师深深地感动了。 5.形容词作修饰语，可与后面的名词构成名词短语。 I can never forget the excellent performance. 我永远忘不了那精彩的表演。 6.非谓语动词结构作修饰语，可与名词构成名词短语。 The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.明天要举行的会议非常重要。 Marie was about to hit her with the walking stick. 玛丽正要用手杖打她。 学生用书⬇第78页 二、动词短语(Verb Phrase，简称VP) 　　　动词短语是指以动词为中心的词块表达，动词短语可以由动词搭配副词、形容词、介词短语、名词或代词等构成。 构成 例词 动词＋副词 put away收起，look back回顾，break down出故障，turn up出现 动词＋介词 bring about引起，look into调查，get over克服，insist on坚持 动词＋副词＋介词 add up to总计，keep away from远离，look down on轻视，keep up with赶上 动词＋名词＋介词 catch sight of看见，瞥见，make use of利用，pay attention to注意，make sense of理解 动词＋形容词＋介词 be fond of爱好，be familiar with熟悉，be suitable for适合于，be late for迟到，be good at擅长于，be afraid of害怕 He brought up his children strictly. 他对孩子们的教育很严格。 Could you get me up at 6：30 tomorrow？ 明天你6：30叫我起床行吗？ His new book came out last week. 他的新书上周出版了。 I don’t much care for television.(care for ＝ like) 我不太喜欢看电视。 We must work hard to make up for lost time. 我们必须努力工作来弥补失去的时间。 Let’s have another try. 让我们再试一下。 Keep an eye on the baby while I am out. 我不在时，请照看一下这个婴儿。 三、介词短语(Preposition Phrase，简称PP) 　介词短语是介词和其他代词或名词或词组搭配形成的短语。在句中作状语、表语、宾语补足语、定语等。 构成 例词 介词＋名词 at the door，into the bag 介词＋代词 for me，of others 介词＋动词-ing形式 in doing so，to my saying that 介词＋连接副词/连接代词＋从句 over what he had better do 介词＋连接副词/连接代词＋动词不定式 on how to do this 介词＋介词短语 from across the street，until after dinner 介词＋副词 from below 介词＋复合结构 with the light on 介词(but/except)＋动词不定式 ...did nothing but (to) sleep He was with a friend. 他和一个朋友在一起。(作表语) This is his reply to your letter. 这是他给你的信的回复。(作定语) Don’t touch it with your hands. 别用你的手去摸它。(作状语) I found everything in good condition. 我发现一切都好。(宾语补足语) 四、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase，简称Adj.P) 　　形容词短语是以形容词为中心的词块表达，一般可由形容词搭配副词、介词短语等构成。该类短语作形容词使用，修饰名词或代词，用作定语、表语、状语或宾语补足语。 1.两个或多个形容词可以由 and，but等并列连词连接，构成形容词短语。 Your room is large and beautiful，while my room is small and dirty.你的房间又大又漂亮，而我的房间又小又脏乱。 2.quite，very，enough等程度副词作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。 There were once upon a time three sisters，quite transparent，and very beautiful. 从前有三姐妹，非常单纯，非常美丽。 学生用书⬇第79页 3.介词短语放在形容词后构成形容词短语。 This is a subject worthy of careful study. 这是一个值得仔细研究的话题。 4.动词不定式在形容词后作修饰语，与形容词一起构成形容词短语。 He is anxious to know the result of the exam. 他焦急地想知道考试的结果。 五、副词短语(Adverb Phrase，简称Adv.P) 　　副词短语以副词为核心词，一般由几个副词并列或者添加其他修饰语构成的短语，用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，在句子中作状语，表示时间、地点、方式等意义，还可作表语、定语和宾语补足语等。 1.两个或多个副词可以由 and，but等连接构成副词短语。 I tried again and again.我试了一遍又一遍。 2.very，quite，extremely 等程度副词作修饰语，可与其他副词构成副词短语。 Although he is short，he runs extremely fast.尽管他个子不高，但是他跑得很快。 He worked much more carefully on the new design.对这个新设计他工作得更加认真。 ◎巧学活用——补全句子 1.The ancient tree standing in the village square(村庄广场上那棵古老的树) provides shade for weary travelers. 2.The enthusiastic volunteers quickly set up(搭起) the charity booth despite the heavy rain. 3.With a trembling voice(用颤抖的声音)，the young actor delivered his lines in front of the critical audience(在挑剔的观众面前). 4.The documentary about endangered species was educational and deeply moving(有教育意义又令人深深感动). 5.The scientist carefully recorded(仔细记录) the experimental data to ensure its accuracy. 6.Shakespeare，the greatest playwright in history(历史上最伟大的剧作家)，wrote over 30 plays during his lifetime. 复习短语 核心词汇练全 resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去 (教材原句)One of my dreams is to work in Africa and continue to help the disabled after I resign from my job.我的梦想之一是在我辞职后去非洲工作，继续帮助残疾人。 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)The minister resigned(resign) his post due to public pressure last year. (2)Mary resigned herself to working late every night to finish the project. (3)She decided to resign from the company after working there for ten years. (4)He resigned as team captain after losing three matches in a row. 学生用书⬇第80页 (5)“我不能相信夏天就要结束了。”德拉叹了口气，只好接受这个事实。 “I can’t believe summer is coming to an end，” Dela sighed，resigning herself to the fact. (6)出差期间，这对父母把孩子托付给了祖父母照看。 The parents resigned their children to the care of their grandparents during the business trip. resign from... 从……辞职 resign one’s post/position 辞去职务 resign as... 辞去作为……的职务 resign oneself to (doing) sth 听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事 resign sb to... 把某人托付给…… deserve vt.值得；应得；应受 (教材原句) “...I think everyone deserves the right to be happy，”she said. “……我认为每个人都应该拥有快乐的权利，”她说。 [名师点津]　deserve后接doing时，表示被动的意思，它相当于to be done。有同样用法的动词还有：need，want，require等。 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)The damaged road deserves to be repaired/repairing(repair)as soon as possible. (2)The children are truly deserving (deserve) of our help and support. (3)Maria is constantly making efforts；she deserves (deserve) to achieve the goal of entering the key university. (4)这个传统节日的确值得体验，它一定会使你不虚此行。 The traditional festival does deserve experiencing/to be experienced，which will definitely make your trip worthwhile. (1)deserve to do sth 应该做某事；值得做某事 deserve doing/to be done ……值得/应该被做 (2)deserving adj. 值得的；应得的 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $