Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language—Review useful structures- 【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

该高中英语课件围绕“职业规划”主题，聚焦长句结构（并列句、主从复合句及并列复合句），通过短文阅读感知句子，引导学生分析语法结构，搭建从“感知-发现-精讲”的学习支架，衔接语法冲突解析与能力训练。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过“语法串讲+高考真题分析”实例（如2024新课标卷长句翻译），训练学生句子结构与语义逻辑分析能力，提升长句理解与表达。资料含课时测评与语篇练习，助力学生自主学习，也为教师提供系统教学资源，提高课堂效率。

UNIT 5　LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER 主题语境：人与社会——个人职业倾向与未来规划 Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language —Review useful structures 内容索引 语法冲关　详析义 1 语基讲练　提能力 2 课时测评 3 语法冲关　详析义 返回 阅读以下短文，感知下列句子，并完成练习。 ——复习长句 语法串烧 我的发现 　　①I plan to be a engineer in the future，but my parents suggest that I should be a lawyer.②They argue that lawyers are better paid than engineers.③My teacher recommends that I take a career aptitude test，which will help me make a more informed decision.④Whatever the test results are，I have to study hard.⑤What I need to focus on now is acquiring knowledge and preparing myself for the future. 1.句①为由but连接的______句。 2.句②③④⑤为__________句。在句②中，that引导的是______从句；在句③中，that引导的是______从句，_______引导定语从句；在句④中，whatever引导的是__________从句；在句⑤中，what引导的是______从句。 并列 主从复合 宾语 宾语 which 让步状语 主语 　　英语长句是学生理解中的难点。英语长句之所以长，是因为含有较多较长的修饰成分，或是包含多个并列句或从句。 一、句子结构形式 　　按照句子的结构分类，英语的长句一般分为并列句，主从复合句和并列复合句。 语法知识精讲 1.并列句 并列句是由两个或两个以上的分句并列而成，并列句大致分为三类： (1)两个句子之间是顺承或者选择的关系 这类并列句多由连词 and，or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but(also)...等连接，句子之间相互平行。 Is he still there or has he gone away？ 他现在还在那里还是已经走了？ I didn’t go there often and I lost my way. 我不常去那儿，所以我迷路了。 Not only has the poor man been arrested，but(also) he has been put in prison. 那个可怜的男人不仅被逮捕了，还被关进了监狱。 (2)两个句子之间是转折或对比关系 由连词 but，yet，whereas，while等连接，表示转折或者对比关系。 The policeman looked at me suspiciously，but he said nothing. 警察用怀疑的眼光看着我，但是一句话没说。 I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢喝茶而她喜欢喝咖啡。 He has learned English for only one year，yet he can communicate with people in English. 他才学英语一年，但他能用英文跟人交流。 (3)两个句子之间是因果关系 用连词 so连接的句子是因果关系。需要注意的是，because，since，as等表示原因时构成主从复合句，而不是并列句。 I’ve got a meeting to attend，so I have to go now. 我有个会议要去参加，所以我得现在走了。 2.主从复合句 通过引导词或者连接词构成从句，用来修饰主句成分或者作主句的某个成分，这样构成的句子结构为主从复合句。这种句式主要有三个类型： (1)定语从句 定语从句用来修饰句中的名词或代词，常用的引导词有that，which，who，whom，whose，when，where，why，as等。 The book (which/that) you lent me yesterday is interesting.你昨天借给我的书很有意思。 He is the man who/that lives next door. 他是住在隔壁的那个人。 The reason why we enjoy sports differs from one another. 我们喜爱运动的原因各不相同。 This is the town where he was born. 这是他出生的小镇。 Tom got married in 2000 when he was 24 years old. 汤姆在2000年结婚了，当时他24岁。 I have two sisters，who are doctors. 我有两个姐姐，她们是医生。 (2)状语从句 状语从句一般修饰其附着的句子主干的谓语动词。根据从句连接词的不同，可分为条件状语从句、时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句等。 I was so excited when he wrote back to me. 当他给我回信时我非常兴奋。 Where there is a will，there is a way.(表地点) 有志者，事竟成。 Since you are free today，you’d better clean your room.(表原因) 既然你今天有空，你最好打扫一下自己的房间。 You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.(表条件) 只要你坚持尝试就一定会成功。 We came early so that the meeting can begin at once.(表目的) 我们来得很早，以便会议可以立即开始。 Much as I respect him，I can’t agree on his proposal.(表让步) 尽管我很尊敬他，但我不同意他的提议。 (3)名词性从句 名词性从句不是用来修饰某个句子成分，而是作主句的一个成分。根据从句所作的成分，一般分为四类名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。 Whether he comes or not doesn’t make any difference to me.(主语从句) 他来与不来对我都一样。 The question is whether the film is worth seeing.(表语从句) 问题是这部电影是否值得看。 I don’t know whether I can raise the money for buying a car.(宾语从句) 我不知道我是否能为买车筹到资金。 We got the news that he had won a car in the lottery.(同位语从句)　 我们得到消息说他中彩票赢得了一辆汽车。 3.并列复合句 当一个句子里包含多种关系，既有并列关系，又有主从关系，就是并列复合句。 Even if you fail，at least you tried，and you’re a better person for it.即使你失败了，但至少你试过了，而且你是做这件事的理想人选。 The career suggestions are also based on your education and experience level，but you can look at higher-level careers as well，which is very useful for high school students.职业建议也是基于你的教育和经验水平，但你也可以考虑更高级别的职业，这对高中生非常有用。 1.She didn’t understand ______ he was trying to explain during the meeting. 2.My greatest wish is ______ everyone can live in peace and harmony around the world. 3._______ he said during the interview surprised everyone in the room. 4.__________ they will approve the proposal remains uncertain until the final decision. 5.The idea ______ technology will revolutionize education is now widely accepted by experts. ◎巧学活用1——单句语法填空 what that What Whether that 6.This is the café _______ we first met and had our first conversation. 7.She wore the dress _____________ she bought at the sale last week during the party. 8.I will go to the park ____ the weather is nice tomorrow. 9.He was upset _________ he didn’t receive the results he expected from the exam. where that/which if because 二、长句分析方法 　　长句分析一般从两个角度进行，一个是句子结构分析，一个是语义逻辑分析。 1.句子结构分析 理解长句的基础是厘清句子的结构层次，这需要学生熟悉了解英语的基本句型，在此基础上抓住长句子的主干，即句子的主语和谓语，然后再逐层梳理分析长句中其他成分的层次关系。 (1)找谓语，定主语 一般情况下，一个谓语动词对应其动作的发出者(主语)，我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。而且，如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句可以是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。 People feared that weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory would encourage illegal hunting and hurt elephant populations. 二十一年来，象牙交易一直被明令禁止，人们担心削弱这一禁令会助长非法捕猎，导致大象数量减少。 分析：that 引导宾语从句 ，谓语动词是encourage和hurt，其主语是动词-ing形式短语weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory。 (2)提主干，去枝叶 通常一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，状语和定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。提炼出句子主干，才能完全把握句子的核心意义。 Economists from the University of Sussex analysed findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health，a 15-year research project charting the fortunes of a group of thousands of teenagers who attended high schools in the US in the mid-1990s. 来自萨塞克斯大学的经济学家们分析了国家青少年健康纵向研究的研究结果，这项研究是一个历时15年的课题，它记录了数千名在20世纪90年代中期在美国上中学的一组青少年的财产情况。 分析：句子主干为Economists analysed findings。from the University of Sussex 作Economists的定语；from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health 作findings的定语；a 15-year research project作the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health 的同位语；charting...作project 的定语；who引导定语从句，修饰teenagers。 (3)寻关联，辨逻辑 But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well，because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability，and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind. 但以任何标准来看，这项工作对我们都是值得的，因为它表明，我们是关注世界稳定的全球公民，我们对他人负有责任，我们为建立人类命运共同体做好了准备。 分析：这是一个复合句。第一层，主句的主干为“主系表”结构，because后面是一个“主谓宾”结构的原因状语从句，用来说明“这项工作很有意义”的理由。第二层，原因状语从句内部包含两个由that引导的宾语从句，作shows的宾语。第三层，两个that引导的宾语从句是and连接的并列关系，也都是“主系表”结构。 2.语义逻辑分析 在厘清句子层次结构的基础之上，还要把握句子内部逻辑意义的关联，这主要表现在对代词指代和逻辑副词的理解上。如： The experts will make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions. 专家们将确保为每届会议挑选出来的考拉状态良好、适合与人接触，并且爱抚考拉的时长和频率也有限制。 分析：从结构层次来看，该句的主干是一个主谓宾结构(The experts will make sure that)，第一个and连接两个that引导的宾语从句。从代词指代来看，句中的they指代the koalas。 1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读C)The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. 句式分析　本句为______句。 句中when引导__________从句，从句谓语为move，“like identifying the main idea in a reading passage”和“such as drawing inferences from a text”分别补充说明______________和 ones that require mental abstraction。 ◎巧学活用2——分析并翻译下列长句 复合 时间状语 simple tasks 句意翻译　______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 当实验者从提出简单任务——比如识别阅读材料中的主要观点，转向需要思维抽象的任务——例如从文本中推断信息时，纸质阅读的优势尤为明显。 2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读D)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic，making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which，by the close，will make you feel almost as smart as AI. 句式分析　本句为复合句。句子主干是______________________________ _________________________________________；making for...as AI是动词-ing形式短语作__________，其中包含两个which引导的______从句，都修饰先行词 _______。 句意翻译　______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic 结果状语 定语 guide 她从商业人士的实际角度进行写作，而非学术角度，这使得她的指南既易于理解又富有信息，最终读完后，你会感觉自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。 知识网络 返回 语基讲练　提能力 返回 accuse vt.控告；控诉；谴责 (教材原句)There was a huge debate about whether the reporter should be accused of... 关于这名记者是否应该被指控(有罪)……人们进行了激烈的辩论。 Ⅰ. 核心词汇练全 1 归 纳 (1)accuse sb of (doing) sth＝charge sb with (doing) sth　 控告/指责某人(做了)某事 accuse sb as... 控告某人为…… (2)accusation n. 控告；谴责 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)The lawyer argued that the ____________(accuse)against his client was completely unfounded. (2)The company accused the competitor ____ unfair business practices and filed a lawsuit. (3)邻居们指责他是个捣乱者，经常在深夜制造噪音。 _______________________________________ who caused constant noise late at night. accusation of The neighbors accused him as a troublemaker dedicate vt.把……奉献给 (教材原句)dedicated his life to research on seeds一生致力于种子研究 2 归 纳 (1)dedicate sth to... 把某物奉献给…… dedicate oneself to doing sth 献身/致力于做某事 (2)dedicated adj. 专心致志的；献身的；一心一意的 be dedicated to... 献给…… (3)dedication n. 奉献；献身 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)His ____________ (dedicate)to the cause of environmental protection is truly inspiring. (2)Mary is a ___________ (dedicate)teacher who always puts his students’ needs first. (3)The new park is dedicated ____ the memory of the city’s founders. (4)她致力于帮助社区里的无家可归者。 ________________________________________ in her community. (5)他把他的书奉献给父母，以感谢他们的无尽支持。 ________________________________ for their endless support. dedication dedicated to She dedicated herself to helping the homeless He dedicated his book to his parents 句型公式： the first time引导时间状语从句 (教材原句)The first time I observed the process of water being split into oxygen and hydrogen，I was deeply attracted by the charm of chemistry. 我第一次观察水被分解成氧气和氢气的过程时，就被化学的魅力深深地吸引了。 Ⅱ. 典型句式讲透 归 纳 (1)the first time 在句中可以起到连词的作用，引导时间状语从句，表示“第一次……” (2)类似的还有：the last time最后一次；next time下次；every/each time每 一次 完成句子 (1)下次你去商店时，能顺便买点牛奶吗？ __________________________，could you pick up some milk？ (2)第一次站在那么多观众面前，他感到紧张。 He felt nervous __________________________________________________. (3)上次我们拜访这个城市时，天气非常恶劣，我们差点错过了航班。 ____________________________，the weather was terrible，and we almost missed our flight. (4)每次她发言时，大家都会认真听她的意见。 _____________________，people listen carefully to her opinions. 返回 Next time you go to the store the first time he stood in front of so many people The last time we visited this city Every time she speaks 课时测评 返回 Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1.The ________________(receptionist)at the office building were very helpful in directing visitors to the correct floor. 2.As a ___________(social)，he believes in wealth redistribution to ensure equal opportunities for everyone. 3.The ____________ (accuse)of theft against the employee was thoroughly investigated by the company’s security team. 4.After much debate，the committee finally came to ___ conclusion about the new policy. 语境基础练 receptionists socialist accusation a 5.He was greedy _____ power，always seeking ways to climb higher in the political system. 6.She decided to dedicate her life ____ helping those in need around the world. 7._______ she said was so profound that it left everyone in awe. 8.It is his dedication to his craft ______ sets him apart from other artists. 9.___________ he goes，his loyal dog follows closely behind. 10._______________ the sun began to set，the sky was painted in hues of orange and pink. for to What that Wherever As/Since/When Ⅱ.单句写作(每小题3分，共18分) 1.她如何设法提前完成项目对她的同事们来说仍然是个谜。(how引导主语从句) ________________________________________________ remains a mystery to her colleagues. 2.除非你有门票，否则你不能进入音乐会。(unless引导状语从句) _______________________，you won’t be allowed to entry into the concert. 3.她需要的是一个在困难时候可以依靠的支持她的朋友。 (what引导主语从句；who引导定语从句) ______________ is a supportive friend ___________________ during difficult times. How she managed to finish the project ahead of schedule Unless you have a ticket What she needs who she can rely on 4.这位艺术家花费了数月时间才完成这幅画作，他感到非常满意。(which引导非限制性定语从句) The artist completed the painting，_________________________________，with great satisfaction. 5.无论学生们怎么努力，他们仍然无法理解这个概念。(however引导状语从句) ___________________________，they still couldn’t grasp the concept. 6.当我长大后想做的是在计算机行业工作。(what引导主语从句) ________________________________________________ when I grow up. which had taken him months to finish However hard the students tried What I want to do is (to) work in the computer industry Ⅲ.语法与语篇(每小题1分，共6分) In the busy city，there stands a little bookstore，1._______ is owned by an elderly woman 2._______ love for literature knows no bounds.The store is filled with shelves upon shelves of books，ranging from classic novels to modern best-sellers.3._______ sets this bookstore apart is not just its vast collection but also the warm kindness 4._____________ welcomes every visitor.5.________ its opening decades ago，it has been a haven for those seeking freedom in the pages of a book，6._________ they are looking for adventure，knowledge，or simply a quiet escape from the chaos of life. which whose What that/which Since whether Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A (2025·吉林省洮南市高二下月考) Yale University is offering a four-week summer program for high school students from all over the world.The program aims to provide a unique learning experience for students who are passionate about exploring their academic interests. Program Highlights： Academic Courses：Choose from a wide range of courses in subjects such as biology，computer science，literature，and history.All courses are taught by Yale faculty members (教职员工). 素能提升练 Labs and Research：Hands-on experience in state-of-the-art laboratories and opportunities to work on research projects under the guidance of Yale professors. Application Requirements： Completed online application form：Please ensure all fields are filled out accurately and completely. One letter of recommendation from a teacher：The letter should address your academic strengths personality qualities，and extra-curricular involvement.It must be signed and dated by the recommender. Formal high school transcript (成绩单)：Submit an original copy of your transcript including all grades from 9th to 11th grade. Essay (500 words) describing your academic interests and goals：The essay should be typed，double-spaced，and in Times New Roman font (字体)，size 12.Please include your full name and date on the top of each page. Cost：$6，500 (including tuition，room and board，and all program-related activities) Contact Information： Phone：(203)432－1234 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个适合高中生的耶鲁大学暑期项目。 1. What is the main purpose of the Yale University summer program？ A.To prepare students for college life. B.To offer hands-on experience in labs. C.To provide a special learning experience. D.To develop students’ academic interests. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The program aims to provide a unique learning experience for students who are passionate about exploring their academic interests.”可知，该项目的主要目的是提供一个独特的学习体验。故选C。 2. Which is required in the application？ A.An application letter. B.An essay about your school. C.A completed interview form. D.A formal high school transcript. √ 细节理解题。根据Application Requirements部分中的“Formal high school transcript (成绩单)：Submit an original copy of your transcript including all grades from 9th to 11th grade.”可知，该项目要求提供一份正式的高中成绩单。故选D。 3. What is this text？ A.A university profile. B.An essay competition notice. C.A college admission brochure. D.An advertisement for a summer program. √ 推理判断题。根据全文内容及第一段中“Yale University is offering a four-week summer program for high school students from all over the world.”可知，文章对耶鲁大学的暑期项目进行了详细描述，由此可推知，本文最有可能是一个关于暑期项目的广告。故选D。 B (2025·陕西师范大学附属中学高二下月考) High school ended and all I remembered was feeling stuck.Most of my peers (同龄人) had picked out their majors and some even planned their careers.But I was still wondering about that. I’ve always enjoyed writing but didn’t know how to make a career out of it.After researching my options，such as journalism，I thought Professional Communications could improve my writing skills and lead me to a career in business.With that，I sent in my application，was accepted，and started preparing for my first term of university. When course intentions rolled around，I began looking at the list of minors.Marketing caught my attention.It would complement (补充) my communications degree while providing me with the necessary business courses that were outside of the program.Without hesitation，I scheduled marketing into my studies，with the goal of using that newfound knowledge to accompany the technical skills that my major would provide me with. My school year began in a pretty typical way：the orientation week (迎新周)，joining clubs and meeting new people.As time went on，I found myself enjoying the marketing courses more than the communications courses，and it was then that I first began to consider making a change.Finally，I spoke with a friend who had switched to a different major，and his words of encouragement were the final push I needed to go through with the decision.A few days later，I sent in my application，and soon I received my acceptance letter. I’ve now been gifted with a wonderful start to the year，and I couldn’t be happier about making the change.I feel less pressured to “find myself” and can put 110％ effort into my studies.A note to high school students：University brings with it a load of new beginnings and self-reflection.It’s perfectly fine to come into university thinking you want one thing and finding out along the way that it might not be the right path for you. 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中毕业后选专业和大学期间更换专业的心路历程。作者通过自身经历告诉读者：大学不仅是学术学习场所，更是个人探索和自我发现的舞台，鼓励学生在大学期间探索和发现适合自己的道路。 4. Why was the author at a loss after high school？ A.She suffered from a lack of confidence. B.She fell behind her peers in performance. C.She was afraid to choose a wrong university. D.She struggled to decide a future direction. √ 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者在高中毕业后感到迷茫主要是因为她在确定未来方向上遇到了难题。故选D项。 5. Which aspect of marketing attracted the author？ A.Its business courses. B.Its exciting career opportunities. C.Its stress on technical skills. D.Its courses related to writing. √ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It would complement (补充) my communications degree...provide me with.”可知，作者认为市场营销能够作为她传播学学位的补充，同时也能提供课程之外的必要的商业知识，也就是说市场营销对作者的吸引力主要在于它的商业课程。故选 A项。 6. What led the author to think about changing her major？ A.The active encouragement from a friend. B.Reduced interest in communications. C.The growing passion for marketing courses. D.Access to numerous new opportunities. √ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“As time went on，I found myself enjoying the marketing courses more than the communications courses，and it was then that I first began to consider making a change.”可知，作者在大学期间发现自己更喜欢营销课程，而不是最初选择的传播学课程，这促使作者考虑转专业。故选C项。 7. What does the author advise high school students to do？ A.Think twice about major selection. B.Be open to changing academic paths. C.Concentrate all their efforts on study. D.Engage in self-reflection consistently. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It’s perfectly fine to come into university thinking you want one thing and finding out along the way that it might not be the right path for you.”以及结合作者转专业的经历及其对待转专业的态度“I couldn’t be happier about making the change”可推知，作者建议高中生对在大学中改变初衷或者改变学术道路(转专业)持开放态度。故选B项。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·山东省黄山中学高二上测试) Have you ever asked 　1　 (you) why children go to school？You will probably say that they go to learn languages，arithmetic，history，science and some other 　2　 (subject).That is quite accurate.But why do they learn these things？ We send our children to school 　3　 (prepare) them for the time when they will be big and will have to work for themselves.Nearly everything they study at school has some 　4　 (practice) use in their life.But is that the only reason for 　5　 they go to school？ There is more in education than just 　6　 (learn) factors.We go to school to learn how to learn，so that when we have left school，we can continue to learn.A man who really 　7　 (know) how to learn will always be successful，because when he has to do something new，he will not only be able to do it well himself，　8　 be able to teach others how to do it in the best way.The uneducated person，on the other hand，is either unable to do something new，or just does it 　9　 (bad).The purpose of schools，therefore，is not to teach languages，arithmetic，history science，etc.，but to teach pupils 　10　 way to learn. 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是孩子们为什么上学，为什么要学习那么多科目。 1.答案：yourself 考查反身代词。结合句意可知，此处用反身代词作宾语，故填yourself。 2.答案：subjects 考查名词复数。some other＋名词复数，表示“一些其他的……”，故填subjects。 3.答案：to prepare 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to prepare。 4.答案：practical 考查形容词。此处use“用途”是名词，应用形容词来修饰，故填practical。 5.答案：which 考查定语从句。此处reason作先行词，应用why或for which引导定语从句，空前已有for，故填which。 6.答案：learning 考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知，此处应用动词-ing形式作定语，故填learning。 7.答案：knows 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据下文时态可知，句子用一般现在时，且句子是who引导的定语从句，代替先行词A man在定语从句中作主语，A man是第三人称单数形式，故填knows。 8.答案：but 考查固定结构。固定结构：not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，故填but。 9.答案：badly 考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词，故填badly。 10.答案：the 考查定冠词。the way to do sth意为“做某事的方法”，故填the。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 5　LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER 返回 $