单元检测卷(四) UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版）

4 unit . for adversity and . courage第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Text one, I would like to make some cookies today. We have some eggs and oil, but I can't find any sugar. Why don't . you go to the store and pick some up? Text two, what's the time, dad? Our class meeting starts at nine o'clock. Oh, you must hurry, then you only have twenty minutes left. Text three, this dish is a little too insult. Don't you agree? Yes. I do. Should we complain to the waitress? Text for is marry a lawyer or a doctor. neither of them, but now she's a teacher. Text five, Kelly, would you consider giving piano lessons to my little sister . maybe one day, but I am not good enough to teach yet. I only started playing last month. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第六段材料，回答第六、七题。Take six. Excuse me, i'm trying to find a way to a friend's house. Can you help me? Here is the address. Let me see. Go two blocks and turn right. Then go one more block. You'll find IT on your left. which is Better to go there by bus or on foot. IT depends on how much time you have. Well, i'm not in a hurry. I've got plenty of time. Excuse me, i'm trying to find a way to a friend's house. Can you help me? Here is the address. Let me see. Go two blocks and turn right, then go one more block, you'll find IT on your left. which is Better to go there by bus or on . foot depends on how much time you have. Well, i'm not in a hurry. I've got plenty of time. 听第七段材料，回答第八、九题。Tex, seven. Alice, do you have any plans for the weekend? Like to have a picnic with andy. I love to go for a picnic, if you don't mind. Can I go with you? Of course, but just make sure to wear comfortable clothes. OK. Should I bring some food? No time you don't have to. Andy will bring all the food and drinks. great. How should we go there? Since the traffic is heavy, we'd Better not drive the car. What about going there? Bye, bye. okay. By the way, where should we meet? Let's talk about IT tomorrow night. Alice, do you have any plans for the weekend? I'd like to have a picnic with andy. I'd love to go for a picnic if you don't mind. Can I go with you? Of course, but just make sure to wear comfortable clothes. okay. Should I bring some food? No time you don't have to. Andy will bring all the food and drinks. great. How should we go there? Since the traffic is heavy, we'd Better not drive the car. What about going there? Bye, bye. OK. By the way, where should we meet? Let's talk about IT tomorrow night. 听第八段材料，回答第10至12题。Text date excuse me, officer, my bag was stolen. I see. Miss, when did this happen? Just a couple of minutes ago here . in the street. No, at the cafe over there, I was just paying for my coffee when I saw a man running away with my bag. I see, what did he look like? Oh. he was quite all with short black hair and black sunglasses. And did you see what he was wearing? Yes, a pair of jeans, White shoes and a short black jacket. Did you see which . way he went? Yes, told the market. Just let me send the information by radio, and then you can give me all your details. Excuse me, officer, my bag was stolen. I see. Miss, when did this happen? Just a couple of minutes . ago here in the street? No, at the cafe over there, I was just paying for my coffee. When I saw a man running away . with my bag. I see, what did he look like? Oh, he was quite tall, with short black hair and black sunglasses. And did you see what he was wearing? Yes, a pair of jeans, White choose, and a short black jacket. Did you see which way he went? Yes, toward the market. Just let me send the information by radio, and then you can give me all your details. 听第九段材料，回答第13至16题。Text nine good morning, Jimmy. Good morning, Linda. What have you been busy with these days? Recently. I have been reading books at home, do you know? So less book, little fires everywhere. I will have just finish IT in three days. Yes, it's wonderful. And my friends are crazy about IT to IT. said IT was her second novel. Amazing solo books are always very popular. By the way, do you like reading books? Yes, looks about detectives are my favorites, but i'm too busy with my work. I just read some magazines in my spare time now. Oh, I see. Maybe we can go to the bookshop together. Let's pick up some interesting books and magazines when . you have time. okay. Good morning, jimmie. Good morning, Linda. What have you been busy with these days? Recently. I have been reading books at home, do you know? So let's book little fires everywhere. I will have just finished in . three days. Yes, it's wonderful. And my friends are crazy about IT too. IT said. IT was her . second novel, amazing. So less books are always very popular. By the way, do you like reading books? Yes, books about detectives are my favorites, but i'm too busy with my work. I just read some magazines in my spare time now. Oh, I see. Maybe we can go to the bookshop together. Let's pick up some interesting books and magazines when you have time. okay. 听第十段材料，回答第17至20题。Texted one day, a poor farmer was taking a bag of rice to time with a horse. Suddenly ly, the bag fell from his horse. IT was too heavy for him to lift. He only hoped that somebody would soon pass by and help him. Just at that moment, a rich man who lived nearby riding a cow came up to him, but the farmer was very disappointed. The farmer thought the richman would not help him. But to his surprise, the richman got off his cow. He said to the farmer, I see you need help, friend, i'm here just at the right time. They lifted IT together and put IT on the horse. Besides, the richman gave some fruits to the farmer, sir, as the farmer, how can I pay you? It's quite easy. The rich man answered with a smile whenever you see anyone else in trouble, do the same for him. One day, a poor farmer was taking a bag of rice to time with a horse. Suddenly the bag fell from his horse. IT was too heavy for him to lift. He only hoped that somebody would soon pass by and help him. Just at that moment, a rich man who lived nearby riding a cow came up to him, but the farmer was very disappointed. The farmer thought the richman would not help him, but to his surprise, the rich man got off his cow. He said to the farmer, I see you need help, friend, i'm here just at the right time. They lifted IT together and put IT on the horse. Besides, the rich man gave some fruits to the farmer, sir, as the farmer, how can I pay you? It's quite easy. The rich man answered with a smile, whenever you see anyone else in trouble, do the same for him. 单元检测卷(四)　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE (时间：120分钟　满分：150分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man need to buy? A．Oil.　　　　　B．Eggs.　　　　　C．Sugar. 2．What time is it now? A．9：00. 　B．8：40. C．8：20. 3．Where does the conversation take place? A．In a restaurant. B．In a shop. C．In the woman's house. 4．What does Mary do now? A．She is a teacher. 　　　 B．She is a doctor. C．She is a lawyer. 5．What does the woman think of her piano playing? A．She is very professional. B．She is still a beginner. C．She doesn't know how to play at all. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．How many blocks does the man have to go in all? A．Two. 　B．Three. C．Four. 7．How will the man probably go to his friend's house? A．On foot. 　B．By taxi. C．By bus. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．Who is going to bring the food? A．Alice. 　B．Andy. C．Tom. 9．How will the speakers go for a picnic? A．By car. 　B．On foot. C．By bike. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Where did the woman lose her bag? A．In a café. 　　 B．In the street. C．In a market. 11．What do we know about the thief? A．He was in a long black jacket. B．He was short with gray hair. C．He was wearing white shoes. 12．What will the woman probably do next? A．Call the police. 　　 B．Go to the market. C．Give the man more information. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Who has been reading books at home? A．Linda. 　　 B．Jimmy. C．Celeste Ng. 14．How much longer does the woman need to finish the book? A．Two days. 　　 B．Three days. C．Four days. 15．What does the woman prefer to read? A．Science books. 　　 B．Love stories. C．Detective stories. 16．What will the speakers do together probably? A．Write a detective story. B．Buy some books. C．Go to the library. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What was in the farmer's bag? A．Vegetables. 　B．Fruits. C．Rice. 18．What did the farmer use to carry the bag? A．A cow. 　B．A horse. C．A goat. 19．Who passed by the farmer? A．The farmer's wife. B．The farmer's brother. C．A rich man who lived nearby. 20．How did the farmer probably feel in the end? A．Grateful. 　　 B．Disappointed. C．Regretful. 答案： 1－5　CBAAB　　　　　6－10　BABCA 11－15　CCABC 16－20　BCBCA 听力材料 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 Text 1 M：I would like to make some cookies today.We have some eggs and oil，but I can't find any sugar. W：Why don't you go to the store and pick some up，then? Text 2 W：What's the time，Dad？Our class meeting starts at nine o'clock. M：Oh，you must hurry，then.You only have twenty minutes left. Text 3 M：This dish is a little too salty.Don't you agree? W：Yes，I do.Should we complain to the waitress? Text 4 W：Is Mary a lawyer or a doctor? M：Neither of them.But now，she's a teacher. Text 5 M：Kelly，would you consider giving piano lessons to my little sister? W：Maybe one day，but I am not good enough to teach yet.I only started playing last month. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 Text 6 M：Excuse me.I'm trying to find the way to a friend's house.Can you help me？Here is the address. W：Let me see...Go two blocks and turn right.Then go one more block.You'll find it on your left. M：Which is better to go there，by bus or on foot? W：It depends on how much time you have. M：Well，I'm not in a hurry.I've got plenty of time. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 Text 7 M：Alice，do you have any plans for the weekend? W：I'd like to have a picnic with Andy. M：I love to go for a picnic！If you don't mind，can I go with you? W：Of course.But just make sure to wear comfortable clothes. M：OK.Should I bring some food? W：No，Tom，you don't have to.Andy will bring all the food and drinks. M：Great！How should we go there? W：Since the traffic is heavy，we'd better not drive the car.What about going there by bike? M：OK.By the way，where should we meet? W：Let's talk about it tomorrow night. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 Text 8 W：Excuse me，officer.My bag was stolen. M：I see，Miss.When did this happen? W：Just a couple of minutes ago. M：Here in the street? W：No，at the café over there.I was just paying for my coffee when I saw a man running away with my bag. M：I see.What did he look like? W：Oh，he was quite tall，with short black hair and black sunglasses. M：And did you see what he was wearing? W：Yes，a pair of jeans，white shoes，and a short black jacket. M：Did you see which way he went? W：Yes，toward the market. M：Just let me send the information by radio，and then you can give me all your details. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 Text 9 W：Good morning，Jimmy. M：Good morning，Linda.What have you been busy with these days? W：Recently，I have been reading books at home.Do you know Celeste Ng's book Little Fires Everywhere？I will have just finished it in three days. M：Yes.It's wonderful，and my friends are crazy about it，too. W：It's said it was her second novel. M：Amazing！Celeste Ng's books are always very popular.By the way，do you like reading books? W：Yes.Books about detectives are my favorites.But I'm too busy with my work.I just read some magazines in my spare time now. M：Oh，I see.Maybe we can go to the bookshop together.Let's pick up some interesting books and magazines when you have time. W：OK. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 Text 10 One day，a poor farmer was taking a bag of rice to town with a horse.Suddenly，the bag fell from his horse.It was too heavy for him to lift.He only hoped that somebody would soon pass by and help him.Just at that moment，a rich man who lived nearby riding a cow came up to him.But the farmer was very disappointed.The farmer thought the rich man would not help him. But to his surprise，the rich man got off his cow.He said to the farmer.“I see you need help，friend.I'm here just at the right time.”They lifted it together and put it on the horse.Besides，the rich man gave some fruits to the farmer. “Sir，”asked the farmer，“how can I pay you？” “It's quite easy，”the rich man answered with a smile.“Whenever you see anyone else in trouble，do the same for him.” 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2025·浙江省宁波市奉化区高二期末联考) Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner，experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow's mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. Walk 1—The Natural World With environmentalist Éanna Lamhna as the guide，this walk promises to be an informative tour.Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs. Date and Time：Saturday，1st October，at 09：00 Start Point：Scratoes Bridge Walk Duration：6 hours Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking Emmanuel Chappard，an experienced guide，has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips. Date and Time：Sunday，2nd October，at 09：00 Start Point：Deerpark Car Park Walk Duration：5 hours Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate. Date and Time：Saturday，1st October，at 18：30 Start Point：The Town Hall Walk Duration：3 hours Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path. Date and Time：Sunday，2nd October，at 11：45 Start Point：Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area Walk Duration：1.5 hours 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加卡洛秋季徒步节的四项徒步活动及其日期、起点和徒步时长等相关细节。 21．Which walk takes the shortest time? A．The Natural World. B．Introduction to Hillwalking. C．Moonlight Under the Stars. D．Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据四项徒步活动的“Walk Duration”部分的信息可知，这四项活动的徒步时长分别为6小时、5小时、3小时和1.5小时。故Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest用时最短。故选D。 22．What are participants in Walk 3 required to do? A．Join a walking club. B．Bring a survival guide. C．Wear proper clothes. D．Get special permits. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars部分中的“Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.”可知，Walk 3的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选C。 23．What do the four walks have in common? A．They are for experienced walkers. B．They are scheduled for the weekend. C．They share the same start point. D．They involve difficult climbing. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据四项徒步活动的“Date and Time”部分的信息可知，这四项徒步活动都被安排在周末。故选B。 B (2025·漯河市高二期末质量监测) Social media often encourages us to paint life in an idealized light，emphasizing optimism，thankfulness，and a positive outlook in all that we share. I was the king of perfecting life.No fancy restaurant，overpriced coffee，or famous tourist destination was off-limits.I posed at the Eiffel Tower，threw a coin in the Trevi Fountain，and rode a camel around the pyramids，showing I was living my best life.Little did I know my ideal was about to change. This summer，I chose to start a journey in a manner I had never done before.While I had always traveled with loved ones，the idea of exploring a new location alone had always attracted me. My adventure alone to Portugal did not unfold as expected.I often found myself missing my husband and son.I spent two days ill in bed，eagerly waiting for my return flight.Despite this，the photos I posted on the Internet are only the fantastic scenes.I found myself discussing the weather and landscapes to avoid admitting that my trip was not entirely delightful. Why did it seem so forbidden to share less-than-perfect experiences? Why was I so used to turning every negative into a positive? Because we are made to feel that we should show hope，gratitude，and positivity in everything we display.While the effort to get inspiring social media stories from the most ordinary experiences is admirable，it takes “positivity” too far. Since returning from this journey，I've come to understand that it's acceptable to have bad days and that life is composed of imperfect moments.Now，as I view my online releases，I'm reminded that not every picture-perfect post reflects the complete truth.I've become better at dealing with the social pressure to idealize every aspect of my life and recognize the importance of sharing the whole story. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过作者的一次旅游经历告诉我们：有糟糕的日子是可以接受的，生活是由不完美的时刻组成的。 24．From Paragraph 2，what may we infer about the author? A．She spent more than she could afford. B．She dreamed of traveling around the world. C．She always tried to gain approval from others. D．She was living her best life by travelling everywhere. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I was the king of perfecting life...and rode a camel around the pyramids，showing I was living my best life.”可知，作者总是试图获得别人的认可。故选C项。 25．Which of the following best describes the author's journey alone? A．Delightful. B．Bittersweet. C．Perfect. D．Annoying. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“While I had always traveled with loved ones，the idea of exploring a new location alone had always attracted me.”和第四段“Despite this...avoid admitting that my trip was not entirely delightful.”可知，作者的这次独自旅行可以用“苦乐参半”这个词来概括。故选B项。 26．Why did it seem forbidden to share imperfect experiences? A．It was an indication of failure. B．It challenged social conventions. C．It made you disconnected with others. D．It had great negative impact on society. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Why did it seem so forbidden to...show hope，gratitude，and positivity in everything we display.”可知，分享不完美的经历似乎被禁止是因为它挑战了社会习俗。故选B项。 27．What does the last paragraph emphasize? A．It's showing the whole story that matters. B．It's a must to perfect every aspect of our life. C．Each post online of the author reflects the true story. D．Negative experiences play an invisible role in growth. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Now，as I view my online releases...and recognize the importance of sharing the whole story.”可知，作者在最后一段强调了分享整个故事的重要性。故选A项。 C (2025·安徽师范大学附属中学高二期末) Every year thousands of people come to the city of Pamplona，in north-eastern Spain，for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town.There are injuries and deaths every year，but the event is of interest to many people.A paper just published in Science describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds. That is a useful topic to explore.Architects，civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire，a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly collisions (碰撞).Unfortunately，solid information is hard to obtain.Daniel Parisi，the paper's lead author，realized that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment. Dr.Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2022，and filmed the runners as the animals were released.Later in the lab，they calculated the speed of the runners，the density (密度) of the crowd，the probability of a runner tripping and falling and the relationship between runner-group density and speed. Perhaps unsurprisingly，the researchers found that runners picked up speed when the bulls drew near.Less expected was the finding that the speed of individual runners increased with the density of the crowd，which was contrary to a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up，in order to lower the risk of a collision，which could lead to a fall and，perhaps，injury or death. Yet it seems that，in the heat of the moment，people pay little attention to the danger of colliding with each other，and do not slow down.The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how to best plan the construction of future tunnels，bridges and other passages that restrict the flow.The only option may well be to make them wider. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发表在《科学》杂志上的一篇关于潘普洛纳奔牛节如何为研究恐慌人群的心理提供见解的论文，以及该研究对城市设计的影响。 28．What does the paper concentrate on? A．How six fighting bulls appeal to so many people. B．How bull-runs cause injuries and deaths every year. C．How six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town. D．How bull-runs affect frightened people's minds and behaviours. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这篇论文关注的是奔牛如何影响恐慌人群的心理和行为。故选D项。 29．Why was the Pamplona bull-runs chosen for the experiment? A．To help participants better understand city planning. B．To ensure more meaningful activities in the future. C．To offer constructive advice on avoiding disasters. D．To collect reliable data from the panicked crowds. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，选择潘普洛纳奔牛节进行实验是为了从恐慌人群中收集可靠的数据。故选D项。 30．How did Dr.Parisi and his team carry out their research? A．By observing the event and analyzing the information. B．By using the method of reasoning and judging. C．By consulting the organizers of the bull-runs. D．By doing experiments with some volunteers. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，帕里西博士和他的团队是通过观察活动并分析信息来进行研究的。故选A项。 31．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A．People tend to slow down in high-density crowds. B．Finding out the truth has a profound impact on urban design. C．People in panicked crowds focus more on the potential danger. D．Speeding up in high-density crowds is the only way to avoid danger. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Less expected was the finding that the speed of individual runners increased...which could lead to a fall and，perhaps，injury or death.”以及最后一段中“The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers...The only option may well be to make them wider.”可知，这一发现对城市设计有着深远的影响，因为它挑战了长期以来的设计假设，并促使设计师重新考虑如何规划人流密集区域的通道建设。由此可推知，弄清楚真相对城市设计有深远影响。故选B项。 D (2025·吉林省四平市高二期末) When making decisions，most people view cost as an important consideration.While price is undoubtedly important，what about some hidden costs that also come into play? For example，what are the long-term effects of your decision? Have you considered how your decision impacts your relationships? Simply put，hidden costs may be invisible to the naked eye，but they're very visible (可见的) to your wallet.Ignoring these factors can cost you a lot. Consider a scene where a manager cuts costs by asking some workers to leave.While this move reduces salary expenses，how will it impact the morale (士气) and loyalty of the remaining employees? Similarly，imagine somebody spending hours surfing the web，lost in searching for cheaper things.The question is whether the savings equal the spent time.If cost is your only consideration，you'll pay the price.Price Isn't the Only Cost! Furthermore，even if cost is the only factor in your decision-making，all of the “true costs” should be considered.For example，if you're thinking about buying new technology the equipment cost is only part of the price.People will need training，the software may need customization，and you'll probably lose productivity until people get up to speed.Those are real costs too. In addition，even when price is the main consideration，it's important to tell the difference between price and value.For example，when you're investing in a high-quality product from a famous organization，compare maintenance (保养) and repair costs with its competitors，assess the product life span，and hear what existing customers have to say.As the old saying goes，“You get what you pay for.” Always keep in mind that every time you say “yes” to one thing，you're certainly saying “no” to another.So，in decision-making，always consider invisible costs.This ensures you're aiming for the best solution rather than a good one.After all，choices are easy.The tough part is living with them. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在做决策时，除了考虑显而易见的成本外，还应考虑一些隐藏的成本，这些隐藏的成本可能对决策的长期效果产生重大影响。 32．What does the underlined phrase “come into play” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Come into sight. B．Play a part. C．Come into use. D．Play around. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“For example，what are the long-term effects of your decision？...Ignoring these factors can cost you a lot.”可推知，虽然价格无疑是重要的，但是还有一些隐藏的成本也起着作用。“come into play”意为“起作用”。故选B。 33．What may be the hidden cost of firing workers? A．Reducing salary expenses. B．Cutting costs of the company. C．Doing wonders for the workers' morale. D．Discouraging the remaining workers. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While this move reduces salary expenses，how will it impact the morale (士气) and loyalty of the remaining employees？”可推知，解雇员工的隐藏成本可能是剩下的员工的士气和忠诚度受到影响。故选D。 34．How is the passage mainly developed? A．By giving examples. B．By listing figures. C．By using space order. D．By explaining concepts. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For example，what are the long-term effects of your decision？...Ignoring these factors can cost you a lot.”以及根据第三段“For example，if you're thinking about...until people get up to speed.Those are real costs too.”可知，文章通过举例的方式，说明了在做决策时，除了考虑显而易见的成本外，还应考虑一些隐藏的成本，这些隐藏的成本可能对决策的长期效果产生重大影响。故选A。 35．What can we learn from this passage? A．You get what you pay for. B．Price is the main consideration. C．Considering the best solution is easy. D．Be thoughtful when making decisions. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容可推知，我们应该在做决策时要深思熟虑。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2025·洛阳市高二期末考试) I have coached people from all walks of life for 25 years and I have seen first-hand that self-belief is what sets people up to be happy and achieve their dreams. 36 Build your identity When I sat down to write my first book，Be Your Own Life Coach，I was filled with self-doubt；I couldn't write a word and considered backing out.I remembered the words of my dad，who had been a hugely successful door-to-door salesman，“Never try and sell anything that you're not sold on.Sell it to yourself first.” I sat down and made a list of all the reasons I was uniquely placed to write the book. 37 ！ Do the same every time your confidence needs an upgrade.Take a pen and paper and write out the sentence：“Reasons Why I Am Uniquely Qualified to Do X．” 38 Soon，you will have sold yourself to you! Build your team Choose your companions carefully.You need people who “get you”，and see your true potential.When the going gets tough，you may need to lean on their belief in you and borrow it until your own has recovered and bounced back! 39 Stop the criticism You can be a great friend or a great enemy for yourself.There is no one who can do more damage to your self-belief than—you! Listen carefully to how you speak to yourself. 40 Let go of what you may be blaming yourself for，either in your professional life or personal. A．So how do you build self-belief and overcome self-doubt? B．Are you looking down on yourself or building yourself up? C．Within 30 minutes，I was “sold”，and the words flowed! D．They will be feeding your self-belief or making you short of it. E．See that no one creates success without learning along the way. F．Your mind will start searching for evidence to prove your point. G．We need to connect with others and feel a sense of belonging and community. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克服怀疑自己，建立自信的方法。 36．答案：A 解析：根据上文“I have coached people from all walks of life for 25 years and I have seen first- hand that self-belief is what sets people up to be happy and achieve their dreams.”并结合下文说明了建立自信的方法可知，本句承上启下，指出如何建立自信、克服自我怀疑，故A选项“那么，你如何建立自信，克服自我怀疑呢？”符合语境，故选A。 37．答案：C 解析：根据上文“When I sat down to write my first book，Be Your Own Life Coach，I was filled with self-doubt...I sat down and made a list of all the reasons I was uniquely placed to write the book.”可知，上文建议列出写书的所有原因，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明这么做最后的结果如何。故C选项“不到30分钟，我就被‘说服’了，话如泉涌！”符合语境，故选C。 38．答案：F 解析：根据上文“Do the same every time your confidence needs an upgrade.Take a pen and paper and write out the sentence：‘Reasons Why I Am Uniquely Qualified to Do X．’”以及下文“Soon，you will have sold yourself to you！”可知，上文提到写下有资格做X的原因，下文提到很快你就会说服你自己，由此可知，本句说明“写下原因”这一行为后续会产生什么作用。故F选项“你的大脑会开始寻找证据来证明你的观点。”符合语境，故选F。 39．答案：G 解析：根据上文“Choose your companions carefully...and bounced back！”可知，本段主要是关于选择同伴的建议，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明需要选择同伴的原因。故G选项“我们需要与他人联系，有归属感和群体归属感。”符合语境，故选G。 40．答案：B 解析：根据上文“You can be a great friend or a great enemy for yourself.There is no one who can do more damage to your self-belief than—you! Listen carefully to how you speak to yourself.”可知，上文提到仔细听你对自己说话的方式；由此可知，本句主要针对对自己说话进行举例说明。故B选项“你是在看不起自己还是在抬高自己？”符合语境，故选B。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (2025·江西省丰城中学高二期末) My family has been collecting bottles from sunup to sundown all year long.I often help my mother pull the shopping cart to the recycling center.However，I couldn't 41 the idea of my friends knowing that our family lived off other people's garbage.So，I have kept it mostly a 42 ． Then，in the summer，I took a college essay course with the theme of your experience of a challenge，setback or failure.I 43 to write about the impact my neighborhood had on me.At the end，there was just one sentence about can collecting. One day after class，my teacher asked me to discuss my essay draft.“Your story doesn't focus on personal growth.How about you 44 me about the can collecting？” So I was faced with the 45 whether or not to share my secret. Two days later we were expected to read our essays aloud，but I was 46 that my peers would know.In the cafeteria，I met a friend，Mason，who 47 that I had something on my mind.He asked me what was wrong.I told him I was 48 about my family's story.“You talking to us is the first step in a process of 49 your shame，” said Mason.“You should be proud that your family is working hard to take care of their loved ones.” This was what I needed to hear and I felt like I could finally 50 after all those years of hiding part of myself. Finally I read my draft out loud.After my classmates listened to my story，they said things like：“Each of our stories is unique to our experience and 51 us.” “You being ashamed only 52 you.” Now，I am not ashamed to say that a can holds 53 value.It is what feeds me every day and pays for my clothes.It represents my family's dreams for me of getting the opportunity to go to college and lead a 54 life.When people ask me what my parents do for a living，I tell them not with embarrassment or shame，but with 55 ．My parents are can collectors. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者家以收集瓶子谋生，作者一直为此保守秘密。参加大学论文课程时，老师建议作者谈谈收集瓶子的事，作者面临是否分享秘密的抉择。在朋友Mason的鼓励下，最终作者讲出了这件事，同学们给予理解，作者不再为父母收集瓶子感到羞耻，而是感到自豪。 41．A．accept B．bear C．imagine D．remember 答案：B 解析：根据下文“When people ask me what my parents do for a living，I tell them not with embarrassment or shame”可知，作者从前对自己家靠收别人的垃圾为生感到尴尬、羞耻，因此是无法忍受让朋友们知道这件事。故选B。 42．A．promise B．fact C．secret D．puzzle 答案：C 解析：根据下文“So I was faced with the whether or not to share my secret.”可知，作者一直保守着自己家的这个秘密。故选C。 43．A．decided B．failed C．refused D．hoped 答案：A 解析：根据上文“Then，in the summer，I took a college essay course with the theme of your experience of a challenge，setback or failure.”和下文“to write about the impact my neighborhood had on me”可知，作者是决定在论文中写邻居对自己的影响。故选A。 44．A．ask B．tell C．show D．teach 答案：B 解析：根据上文“One day after class，my teacher asked me to discuss my essay draft.”可知，老师是和作者讨论，建议作者告诉他收集瓶子的事，短语tell sb about sth意为“告诉某人关于某事”。故选B。 45．A．choice B．chance C．plan D．difficulty 答案：A 解析：根据下文“whether or not to share my secret”可知，是否要分享自己的秘密对于作者而言是一个选择。故选A。 46．A．worried B．excited C．happy D．surprised 答案：A 解析：根据下文“I had something on my mind”可知，别人看出作者有心事，因此作者是在担心自己的同龄人会知道。故选A。 47．A．guessed B．believed C．knew D．understood 答案：A 解析：根据下文“He asked me what was wrong.”可知，Mason问作者发生了什么，因此他是猜测作者有什么心事。故选A。 48．A．calm B．angry C．ashamed D．proud 答案：C 解析：根据下文“You talking to us is the first step in a process of your shame”可知，Mason告诉作者处理羞耻的方法，因此作者是告诉他自己为家庭故事感到羞耻。故选C。 49．A．hiding B．feeling C．expressing D．shedding 答案：D 解析：根据上文“You talking to us is the first step in a process of”可知，当作者告诉大家自己家靠收垃圾为生的时候，他才能迈出摆脱羞耻感的第一步。故选D。 50．A．rest B．breathe C．lighten D．think 答案：B 解析：根据上文“You should be proud that your family is working hard to take care of their loved ones.”可知，Mason肯定了作者的家人所做的事情，让他不必为这件事而羞耻，这应该会让一直隐藏的作者感到轻松，可以呼吸了。故选B。 51．A．changes B．helps C．shapes D．impresses 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Each of our stories is unique to our experience”可知，作者的同学认为每个人的故事都是独一无二的，有其价值，这些故事可以塑造他们。故选C。 52．A．helps B．finds C．hurts D．saves 答案：C 解析：根据上文同学们鼓励和理解的话语可知，他们认为：作者因自己家以收集垃圾为生而感到羞耻的心态最终只会伤害作者自己。故选C。 53．A．enormous B．tiny C．numerous D．limited 答案：A 解析：根据下文“It is what feeds me every day and pays for my clothes.”可知，作者家收集的瓶子让作者可以吃饭、买衣服，维持了他的生活，因此是有巨大的价值。故选A。 54．A．rich B．busy C．hard D．stable 答案：D 解析：根据上文“It represents my family's dreams for me of getting the opportunity to go to college”可知，作者的家人是梦想作者能上大学，接受好的教育，从而过上稳定的生活。故选D。 55．A．pride B．doubt C．fear D．regret 答案：A 解析：根据上文“I tell them not with embarrassment or shame”和表示转折的but可知，作者的心态发生了改变，不再因为自己父母谋生的手段而感到尴尬或羞耻，而是感到骄傲。故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2025·江苏省盐城市阜宁县高二期末) Chinese astronauts conducted a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students as they orbited in the Tiangong Space Station. Major General Zhai Zhigang，Senior Colonel Wang Yaping and Senior Colonel Ye Guangfu，all members of the Shenzhou XⅢ mission crew，56. (greet) students，teachers and other participants when the lecture started at 3：54 p．m.They showed viewers 57. they live and work inside the space station，which 58._______ (current) consists of a core module，a spacecraft and two robotic cargo spaceships. The astronauts displayed their exercise 59. (equip) and a specially designed space suit，and conducted demonstrations on physical phenomena in microgravity.Ye，60. is on his first spaceflight，showed how he moved his body in the weightless environment. Tens of millions of primary and middle school students across China watched the hour-long televised event 61. (host) by the China Manned Space Agency and the Ministry of Education.62. total of 1，420 invited students were present at “ground class venues”，63. some taking part in video chats during the lecture. More lectures will be held based on the 64. (country) manned spaceflights.Such activities 65. (intend) to spread knowledge about manned spaceflights and spark enthusiasm for science among young people. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国航天员在天宫站为地球上的孩子们太空授课的事情。 56．答案：greeted 解析：考查动词的时态。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填greeted。 57．答案：how 解析：考查宾语从句。根据句子结构和句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中基本成分完整，空处在从句中作方式状语。故填how。 58．答案：currently 解析：考查副词。根据句子结构和句意可知，这里应用副词修饰动词短语consists of。故填currently。 59．答案：equipment 解析：考查名词。根据句子结构可知，这里应用名词作宾语，equipment是不可数名词。故填equipment。 60．答案：who 解析：考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Ye，关系词在从句中作主语。故填who。 61．答案：hosted 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，这里作后置定语，修饰前面的名词televised event，host和“televised event”之间是被动关系，用动词-ed形式。故填hosted。 62．答案：A 解析：考查固定搭配。a total of表示“总数为”，为固定搭配。位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。 63．答案：with 解析：考查with复合结构。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，作伴随状语。故填with。 64．答案：country's 解析：考查名词所有格。根据句子结构和句意可知，空处应用名词所有格作定语，表示“国家的”。故填country's。 65．答案：are intended 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，此处描述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，“Such activities”和“intend”之间是被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是Such activities，所以be动词要用are。故填are intended。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2025·宁波市高二英语试题) 假定你是李华，你校与美国姊妹学校班级共同举办了在线的“共上一节科学课(Share a Science Lesson)”活动，作为英文校刊编辑，请你为该活动撰写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．活动内容； 2．学生反响。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 A Memorable Event：Share a Science Lesson [参考范文] A Memorable Event：Share a Science Lesson On December 14，our school collaborated with our sister school in the United States to host an engaging online event titled “Share a Science Lesson”．Students from both schools joined a virtual platform to explore fascinating science together. The session began with students from both schools presenting topics such as renewable energy，space exploration，and the science behind everyday technologies.This was followed by interactive experiments，including building simple circuits and exploring chemical reactions.Students also participated in group discussions，exchanging ideas and asking thought-provoking questions，which made the session lively and insightful. The students expressed their appreciation for this unique learning experience，thanking the teachers and organizers for providing such an enriching platform.Such international exchanges inspire curiosity and foster friendships，making education truly global. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。学校与美国姊妹学校班级共同举办了在线的“共上一节科学课”活动，要求考生按照要求为该活动撰写报道。 【详解】 1．词汇积累 合作：collaborate→cooperate 迷人的：fascinating→enchanting 参加：participate in→take part in 表达：express→convey 2．句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：On December 14，our school collaborated with our sister school in the United States to host an engaging online event titled “Share a Science Lesson”． 拓展句：On December 14，our school collaborated with our sister school in the United States to host an engaging online event，whose title is “Share a Science Lesson”． 【点睛】[高分句型1] Students also participated in group discussions，exchanging ideas and asking thought-provoking questions，which made the session lively and insightful.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Such international exchanges inspire curiosity and foster friendships，making education truly global.(运用了动词-ing形式短语作状语) 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2025·山西省朔州市高二期末考试) One Monday morning，Lilah Clevey started her usual journey from her house in Ann Arbor，Mich.，to her college about an hour away.She walked out of the door to a classic Midwestern winter scene—the cloudy sky projecting a gray color on the already gray-white snow covering her car. After cleaning her windshield (挡风玻璃)，Clevey got into her car and drove to a nearby gas station，where she fueled up，bought herself a cup of coffee，and set back off in the direction of the highway.But as she pulled out of the gas station，she crashed into another car. “The car was silver gray，so it blended (融入) into the skyline.But I also knew it was my fault.I was not being careful about it，” Clevey later recalled.“I was really scared because the driver's side was damaged.This was frightening because I knew the driver was sitting there and that meant she was probably hurt.” Clevey，who had already been crying，got out of the car and started making her way to the car she hit，which was about 30 feet away.To her surprise，the driver，a woman a bit older than Clevey，looked completely unharmed. “I was 19 years old.This was such a scary thing that had happened，and I was the one who did it.I was very apologetic，but I was also just like a baby in that moment，” Clevey remembered.“And this woman，instead of shouting at me，comforted me in that moment，which I really needed.” After her tears stopped，Clevey asked the driver if she was OK.When the woman responded that she was fine，Clevey could hardly believe it.“I ran into your driver's side.How could you be OK？” Clevey asked.The woman said that she had a prosthetic (假体的) arm made of metal. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 It turned out that the prosthetic arm protected her from the impact of the crash. After a while，the ambulance arrived at the scene. [参考范文] It turned out that the prosthetic arm protected her from the impact of the crash.Just as Clevey didn't know what to say，the woman offered to share her prosthetic story with Clevey.In fact，it was caused by a serious car accident several years ago resulting from her carelessness.She was much regretful for it and since then safety awareness while driving has been rooted in her mind.After hearing her story，Clevey felt shocked，mixed with a slight relief.However，in case there would be something wrong with the woman，Clevey insisted on calling the emergency services. After a while，the ambulance arrived at the scene.Clevey accompanied the woman to the hospital for a thorough examination and felt relieved when she was told that the woman was fine.The two exchanged contact information and Clevey left the hospital with a heart of gratefulness.After such an unexpected accident，Clevey learned a lesson that one can never be too careful while driving. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lilah Clevey的一次驾车经历，包括她在途中发生的车祸、与受伤司机的互动以及从中吸取的教训，来讲述一个具有教育意义和情感色彩的故事。 【详解】 1．段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“事实证明，正是这只假肢保护了她免受撞击的影响。”以及第二段首句内容“过了一会儿，救护车赶到了现场。”可知，第一段可描写这位女士告诉Clevey自己这只假肢的缘由，而Clevey则坚持拨打了急救电话。 ②由第二段首句内容“过了一会儿，救护车赶到了现场。”可知，第二段可描写经过检查，这位女士并无大碍。而Clevey也吸取了教训，明白开车时再怎么小心也不为过。 2．续写线索：事实证明，正是这只假肢保护了她免受撞击的影响——Clevey非常内疚，这时这位女士和Clevey分享了自己假肢的故事——原来这位女士也曾经开车粗心大意，所以发生了事故，这才有了假肢——Clevey深有感触，同时坚持拨打了急救电话——救护车赶到后，Clevey陪同这位女士前往医院进行检查——得知安然无恙时，Clevey才放下了心——从此，Clevey吸取了教训，开车时非常小心 3．词汇激活 行为类 ①源自：result from/arise from ②陪伴：accompany/keep ... company ③非常小心：can never be too careful/can not be careful enough 情绪类 ①震惊：shocked/astonished/stunned ②感激：gratefulness/thankfulness 【点睛】[高分句型1] Just as Clevey didn't know what to say，the woman offered to share her prosthetic story with Clevey.(运用了as引导的状语从句) [高分句型2] After such an unexpected accident，Clevey learned a lesson that one can never be too careful while driving.(运用了that引导的同位语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $