课时测评10 Section Ⅱ Discover useful structures-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版）

课时测评10　Section Ⅱ　Discover useful structures (时间：45分钟　满分：66.5分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The teacher is sensitive to the students' needs，always adjusting lessons accordingly. 2．I am writing on behalf of my company to express our interest in your proposal. 3．The submission (submit) of all applications must be completed by the end of this week. 4．They maintained a harmonious(harmony) working environment，where everyone contributed their skills and ideas. 5．He asked me whether/if I would attend the meeting tomorrow. 6．My mother asked me whether I had finished(finish) my homework before I watched TV. 7．Mr. Jackson said that in most countries red stands(stand) for danger. 8．She said that she had bought (buy) the computer two weeks before. Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题3分，共21分) 1．她问我是否会加入这个团队来做这个项目。 She asked whether/if I would join the team for the project. 2．地理老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。 The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west． 3．彼得告诉我他明年要来中国。 Peter told me that he would come to China the next year． 4．老师要求学生们在别人学习时不要打扰他们。 The teacher asked the students not to disturb others while they were studying. 5．在这里我很荣幸地代表学校向你们表示热烈的欢迎。 I'm honored to be here to extend a warm welcome to you on behalf of our school． 6．尽管遭遇了许多挫折，他从不轻易屈服于失败，依然不断向前推进。 Despite numerous setbacks，he never easily submits to failure and continues to push forward. 7．这个节日是不同文化的和谐庆典，包含了音乐、食物和艺术。 The festival was a harmonious celebration of different cultures，with music，food，and art. Ⅲ.语法与语篇(每小题1分，共5分) A few minutes later，the other two cyclists arrived.They were shocked to find Mac's bicycle lying on the road，his tent bag torn and Mac just like a drowned mouse.They asked anxiously 1.what on earth had happened(到底发生了什么).Mac responded breathlessly that 2.he was almost eaten by a wolf(他差点被一只狼吃掉).When told about 3.what Mac had experienced(Mac经历了什么)，they couldn't help screaming out，“What a narrow escape！”“Yes，without their timely help，I would have been the food of the wolf.”Mac's friends were also thankful to Paul and Becky.Afraid that there might be more potential dangers ahead，Paul and Becky asked kindly 4.whether/if they were in need of a lift(他们是否需要搭便车).Mac and his friends answered with one voice，5.“We'd love to(我们乐意).” [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A (2025·河南省许昌市高二上) Here are four student podcasts (播客) that offer a glimpse into the minds of students and what they say about news concerning climate in their communities—and what they hope to do about it. Behind the Scenes of the Mosquito Fire In a 10-episode series，a sixth-grade class at the Georgetown School of Innovation in Georgetown，California，shares stories from the damaging Mosquito Fire in 2022.This group of eight students asks two firefighters from the Georgetown Fire Department what it's like to fight fires and protect loved ones in their hometown. Fires：Set Ablaze At Chautauqua Elementary，the Vashon fifth-graders talk about the far-reaching and lasting impact of wildfires and wildfire smoke—and the direct effects on their lives，like waiting for the school bus on a smoky day.The students also interview experts and share their research on wildfire precautions (预防措施). Flowing Through Time In this podcast from Peak Academy，a group of eight middle schoolers reports on dealing with water shortages in Bozeman，Montana.They trace the history of their growing hometown's water supply，which has been dependent on mountain snowmelt.As that source becomes less reliable in a warming world，the students turn to the grown-ups to ask what they can do to conserve water. Washed Away The deadly flooding in eastern Kentucky last year forever changed the lives of high schoolers Ryley Bowman，Carolina Johnson and Hunter Noble.The three classmates at Morgan County High School in West Liberty，Ky.，share first-hand accounts of their own and their family's experiences during the floods. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个学生播客，他们关注自己社区的气候新闻，并分享他们的观点和希望采取的行动。 1．Who shows interest in firefighters' stories? A．Peak Academy students. B．Chautauqua Elementary students. C．Morgan County High School students. D．Georgetown School of Innovation students. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据Behind the Scenes of the Mosquito Fire下“In a 10-episode series，a sixth-grade class at the Georgetown School of Innovation...to fight fires and protect loved ones in their hometown.”可知，Georgetown School of Innovation的学生对消防员的故事感兴趣。故选D。 2．Which podcast shows concern for water conservation? A．Washed Away. B．Fires：Set Ablaze. C．Flowing Through Time. D．Behind the Scenes of the Mosquito Fire. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据Flowing Through Time下“In this podcast from Peak Academy，a group of eight middle schoolers reports on dealing with water shortages...what they can do to conserve water.”可知，Flowing Through Time的播客关注水资源保护。故选C。 3．What do Fires：Set Ablaze and Washed Away have in common? A．They consult experts' research results. B．They explore the causes of climate change. C．They share students' personal experiences. D．They discuss precautions for natural disasters. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据Fires：Set Ablaze下“At Chautauqua Elementary...students also interview experts and share their research on wildfire precautions (预防措施).”和Washed Away下“The deadly flooding in eastern...accounts of their own and their family's experiences during the floods.”可知，Fires：Set Ablaze和Washed Away共同之处是他们分享学生的个人经历。故选C。 B (2025·福建省泉州市高二上) Some Virginia Tech researchers have developed a new method for upcycling plastics into high-value chemicals to create soaps，cleaners，and more. Plastics and soaps seemingly have little in common，but there is a surprising connection between the two on a molecular (分子的) level：The chemical structure of polyethylene—one of the most commonly used plastics—is strikingly similar to that of a fatty acid，which is used in making soap.Guoliang Liu，an associate professor of chemistry at Virginia Tech，believed the similarity meant polyethylene could be turned into fatty acids and eventually soap with a few extra steps.The challenge was how to break a long polyethylene chain (链) into many short—but not too short—chains and how to do it efficiently. Liu，along with two PhD chemistry students Zhen Xu and Eric Munyaneza，built a small，oven-like reactor where they could heat polyethylene.The lower part of the reactor reaches a high temperature to break the long chains，while the upper part is cooled to a low enough temperature to prevent further breakdown.After that，they gathered the leftover and found that Liu's assumption had been right：It was composed of “short-chain polyethylene”，or more precisely，waxes (蜡).This was the first step in developing a method for upcycling plastics into soap. One of the exciting features of Liu's new upcycling method is that it can be used on both polyethylene and polypropylene，meaning that it's not necessary to separate the two plastics from each other.This is a major advantage over some recycling methods used today.The upcycling technique also requires only plastic and heat，making it cost-effective with minimal environmental impact. Liu advised being careful，though.This method is just one part of a larger solution to the global plastic pollution crisis and a joint effort is needed between the research and industrial communities.“The best way to avoid plastic pollution is to minimise the use of plastics，” said Liu. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了弗吉尼亚理工大学的研究人员开发的一种将塑料升级转化为高价值化学品，用以制造肥皂、清洁剂等的新方法。 4．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A．To stress the challenge. B．To explain the process. C．To present the significance. D．To introduce the assumption. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了Guoliang Liu教授的一个假设，即聚乙烯可以转化为脂肪酸，最终转化为肥皂。故本段的主要目的是介绍这个假设。故选D项。 5．How does the upcycling process work? A．By heating plastics intensively. B．By mixing a chemical with plastics. C．By breaking down plastics in a reactor. D．By collecting the leftover to make waxes. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Liu，along with two PhD chemistry students... to prevent further breakdown.”可知，升级转化过程是通过在反应器中分解塑料来进行的。故选C项。 6．What makes this upcycling method stand out? A．Simple processing. B．Zero-waste practice. C．Potential market value. D．Low-energy consumption. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“The upcycling technique also requires only plastic and heat，making it cost-effective with minimal environmental impact.”可推知，这种升级转化方法的突出之处在于其加工过程简单，只需塑料和热量。故选A项。 7．What is the best title for this passage? A．Plastic Waste，Precious Products B．From Waste to Wash C．Fighting Pollution with Innovation D．Saying No to Plastics 答案：B 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种将塑料废物转化为洗涤用品(如肥皂)的新方法。故B项“From Waste to Wash”最适合作文章标题。故选B项。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·广东省部分名校高二上) This year marks the 10th anniversary of the first public appearance of Crested Ibises(朱鹮) 1. (produce) by the Shanghai Dance Theatre(SDT).The drama was inspired by China's achievement in saving and protecting the crested ibis，which is known 2. “bird of good fortune” in Asian culture. The crested ibis，with its iconic red crest and long black beak，is believed to have existed for 60 million years and 3. (gradual) found in China，on the Korean Peninsula，Japan and Russia until the 1960s.Bird conservationists list pesticides，fertilizers，hunting，environmental and ecological reasons for 4. (bring) the birds to the edge of extinction. The crested ibis was thought to be extinct in China until seven wild birds 5.______ (spot) in Yangxian County in Northwest China's Shaanxi Province in 1981，a discovery 6. caused captive breeding (圈养繁殖) and strengthened protection of the species.After more than 40 years of continuous conservation，7. is estimated that there are over 11，000 crested ibises alive in 2024. SDT introduced the drama in 2014，and integrated Chinese folk dance and Western ballet.Traditional Chinese dance 8. (characteristic) are used in upper body movements，while ballet and Western dance elements feature in the footwork，which makes it a masterpiece receiving 9. (recognize) both home and abroad. “For what was lost in the past，let's appeal to value the future forever，” SDT put it as the slogan in the promotional materials of the dance drama，reminding the public 10. (learn) from the lesson of the crested ibis and protect both the environment and the ecosystem. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由上海舞蹈剧院制作的、将中国民间舞蹈和西方芭蕾结合在一起的剧目《朱鹮》，并介绍了朱鹮这种鸟类的相关信息，呼吁人们保护环境和生态系统。 1．答案：produced 解析：考查非谓语动词。该句谓语动词为marks，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰Crested Ibises，Crested Ibises和produce之间为被动关系，所以为应用动词-ed形式。故填produced。 2．答案：as 解析：考查介词。此处为固定短语be known as“被认为是，被称为”，所以此处应用介词as。故填as。 3．答案：gradually 解析：考查副词。此处为副词gradually作状语修饰动词found。故填gradually。 4．答案：bringing 解析：考查非谓语动词。由空前for可知，此处为动词-ing形式作宾语。故填bringing。 5．答案：were spotted 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in 1981可知，此处为一般过去时，主语seven wild birds为复数名词，和spot之间为被动关系，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were spotted。 6．答案：which/that 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为a discovery，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 7．答案：it 解析：考查代词。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型it is estimated that...“据估计……”，其中it为形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。故填it。 8．答案：characteristics 解析：考查名词复数。characteristic“特点”为可数名词，结合谓语动词为are used可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填characteristics。 9．答案：recognition 解析：考查名词。空处应用名词，作宾语，recognition表示“承认，认可”，为不可数名词。故填recognition。 10．答案：to learn 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为固定短语remind sb to do sth“提醒某人做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to learn。 学生用书第60页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $