Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Discover useful structures-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语现在完成进行时核心知识点，通过“语法串烧”短文感知黑体动词时态，系统梳理其构成（have/has+been+doing）及四大用法（延续性、刚结束、重复发生、感情色彩），并通过对比表格清晰区分与现在完成时的差异，辅以单句语法填空练习，构建“感知-精讲-辨析-应用”的完整学习支架。 该资料以情境化短文导入激发语言能力，通过对比表格和实例辨析培养思维品质，核心词汇结合教材原句与应用场景（如动物保护写作、读后续写）提升学习能力。课中助力教师高效讲解时态差异，课后学生可通过练习巩固语法规则、拓展词汇应用，有效查漏补缺。

Section Ⅱ　Discover useful structures ——现在完成进行时 阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分，并完成练习。 语法串烧 我的发现 　　Over the past few weeks，scientists ①have been conducting research in Antarctica，collecting valuable data about its unique ecosystem.They ②have been exploring ice caves and studying the behavior of the local wildlife，such as penguins and seals.As the weather conditions have been extreme，they ③have been using advanced technology to stay safe and gather information efficiently.The team ④has made significant progress in understanding the impacts of climate change on the region. 1.加黑部分①②③使用的时态是现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时起一直延续到现在的动作，其结构为have/has＋been＋doing。 2．加黑部分④使用的时态是现在完成时，强调动作的完成，其结构为have/has done。 语法知识精讲 一、现在完成进行时 1．构成 现在完成进行时是由“have/has＋been＋doing”构成的。 ①肯定句：...have/has＋been＋doing... (2023· 新课标Ⅱ卷)．..I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.……我一直在帮助动物园里的熊猫饲养员更加自在和自信地说英语。 ②否定句：...have/has＋not＋been＋doing... He has not been practicing his guitar skills regularly，which has affected his performance. 他最近没有定期练习吉他技巧，这影响了他的表演。 ③疑问句： Have/Has...been＋doing...? Wh-＋have/has...been＋doing...? Your eyes are red.Have you been crying? 你的眼睛红了。你一直在哭吗？ Where have you been going every weekend for the past few months? 你过去几个月每个周末都去哪儿了？ 2．用法 ①表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在。 现在完成进行时常和all this time，this week，this month，all night，all the morning，recently等状语以及since和for引导的状语连用。 I have been reading Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms recently. 我最近一直在读海明威的《永别了，武器》。 She has been reciting the words all the morning. 她整个上午都在背单词。 This is what I have been expecting since my childhood. 这是我从小以来就一直期待着的事情。 ②表示动作刚刚结束。 My clothes are all wet.I've been working in the rain. 我的衣服全湿了。我刚才一直在雨中干活。 He is dead drunk.He's been drinking with his friends. 他烂醉如泥。他刚才一直在和朋友们喝酒。 学生用书第81页 ③表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作。 You've been saying that for five years. 这话你已经说了五年了。 He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher. 自从任教以来，他一直在为报纸和杂志撰稿。 ④表达较重的感情色彩。 What have you been doing to my dictionary? 看你把我的字典弄成什么样子了？ Time has been flying so quickly! 时间过得可真快啊！ Too much has been happening today. 今天可真是个多事的日子。 ◎巧学活用1——单句语法填空 ①She has been studying(study) all night for the final exam to prepare thoroughly. ②Recently our school has been calling (call) on us to take exercise for our physical and mental health. ③They have been playing (play) soccer for two hours，and now they are covered in sweat. ④—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks.It's because I have been practising (practise) a lot these days. 二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成进行时 现在完成时 强调过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 √ 强调动作的延续性 √ 强调动作重复 √ 表达生动，含有感情色彩 √ 说明一个事实、一种影响或结果 √ They have been widening the road. 他们在加宽马路。(尚未完成) They have widened the road. 他们加宽了马路。(已经完成) Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近一直遇见他吗？ (强调动作重复) Have you met him recently? 你最近遇见过他吗？(表示结果) Where have you been？We have been looking for you everywhere. 你到哪里去了？我们到处在找你。(表示不满) We have looked for him，but haven't found him. 我们找过他，但没有找到他。(无感情色彩) ◎巧学活用2——单句语法填空 ①He has been reading(read) for two hours to prepare for the final exam tomorrow，and he's still reading now. ②He has read (read) three books this week，and he plans to start another one tomorrow. ③I have been working (work) all day to finish this report，and I haven't had any time to rest yet. ④I have finished (finish) my homework，so now I can relax and watch a movie. 学生用书第82页 核心词汇练全 cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 (教材原句)Life was cruel to Oliver when he was young.奥利弗小时候，生活对他很残忍。 (1)be cruel to　　 对……残忍 (2)cruelly adv. 残忍地；残酷地 (3)cruelty n. 残忍；残酷　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之动物保护 (1)He cruelly (cruel)abandoned his pet without a second thought，showing no care. (2)The cruelty (cruel) of war has left deep wounds on the survivors. (3) 我不能容忍对动物残忍的人。 I can't put up with people who are cruel to animals． unfortunately adv.不幸地；遗憾地 (教材原句)Unfortunately，his application was turned down because he was too young and not qualified enough.不幸的是，他的申请被拒绝了，因为他太年轻并且资质不够。 (1)unfortunate adj.　　　 不幸的 (2)fortunate adj. 幸运的 be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事 (3)fortunately adv. 幸运地 (4)fortune n. 机会；运气 make a fortune 发财 seek/try one's fortune 找出路；碰运气　　 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Unfortunately(fortune)，the concert was canceled due to the heavy rain，disappointing many fans. (2)Fortunately (fortune)，the weather cleared up just in time for our outdoor picnic. (3)It was unfortunate (fortunate) that she missed the train，causing her to be late for the meeting. (4)Many people try to seek their fortune(fortunate) in the big cities，hoping for a better life. (5)我很幸运有这么支持我的朋友，他们总是在我困难时帮助我。 I am fortunate to have such supportive friends who always help me in difficult times. guidance n．指导；引导；导航 (教材原句)He finally finished the research paper under his tutor's guidance. 在导师的指导下，他终于完成了研究论文。 (1)under one's guidance＝under the guidance of sb 　 在某人的指导下 (2)guide v. 给某人领路；指导；影响 n. 指南；手册；向导 guide sb to sp 领某人去某地 guide sb to do sth 指导某人做某事　　 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 (1)The tour guide will guide us to the most famous landmarks in the city tomorrow. (2)He guided me to solve (solve) the math problems step by step，which made them easier. (3)在她的指导下，我顺利完成了这个项目，并自信地进行了展示。 Under her guidance，I successfully completed the project and presented it confidently. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $