Unit3语法讲解及习题：一般过去时（was_were, there was_were, 规则_不规则动词）--2025-2026学年教科版（五四学制）英语六年级下册

教科版（五四学制）英语六下Unit3语法讲解及习题 一般过去时（was/were, there was/were, 规则/不规则动词） 一、语法核心梳理 本单元核心语法为一般过去时，用于描述过去发生的动作、存在的状态或过去的经历。主要包括以下三个部分： （一）be动词的过去式：was / were 用法：表示过去的状态、身份、位置或存在。 形式： was：用于第一人称单数（I）、第三人称单数（he, she, it）。 were：用于第二人称单数（you）和所有人称复数（we, they）。 句型结构： 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 表语 例：Snowflake was a special gorilla.（雪花是一只特别的大猩猩。） 例：Artico's parents were orange with black stripes.（阿蒂科的父母是橙色带黑色条纹的。） 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 表语（缩写为wasn't / weren't） 例：Artico wasn't like his parents.（阿蒂科不像他的父母。） 例：They weren't black. They were white.（它们不是黑色的，是白色的。） 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 表语? 例：Was Artico's parents white? No, they weren't.（阿蒂科的父母是白色的吗？不，不是。） （二）there be句型的过去式：there was / there were 用法：表示过去某地存在某物或某人。 形式： there was：后接单数名词或不可数名词。 there were：后接复数名词。 句型结构： 肯定句：There was/were + 名词 + 地点/时间 例：There was a special gorilla in the zoo.（动物园里有一只特别的大猩猩。） 例：There were lots of elephants born with tusks.（有很多大象生来就有象牙。） 否定句：There wasn't/weren't + 名词 + 地点/时间 例：There wasn't another gorilla like Snowflake.（没有另一只像雪花这样的大猩猩。） 一般疑问句：Was/Were there + 名词 + 地点/时间? 例：Were there other white gorillas in the world? No, there weren't.（世界上还有其他白色的大猩猩吗？不，没有。） （三）实义动词的一般过去时：规则与不规则变化 用法：表示过去发生的动作或行为。 规则变化： 动词类型 规则 例词 过去式 一般动词 直接加-ed work, play worked, played 以e结尾 直接加-d like, live liked, lived 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅） 双写末尾辅音字母加-ed stop, plan stopped, planned 以辅音字母+y结尾 变y为i加-ed study, carry studied, carried 不规则变化：无固定规则，需特殊记忆，本单元重点包括： hit → hit shake → shook hide → hid climb → climbed see → saw want → wanted run → ran move → moved know → knew have → had reach → reached pick → picked give → gave 句型结构： 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 例：The ground shook.（地面震动了。） 例：Liu Juan saw a panda called Hua Ao.（刘娟看到了一只叫华奥的熊猫。） 否定句：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他 例：She didn't make Hannah bread.（她没有给汉娜做面包。） 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 例：Did you go to the zoo last year?（你去年去动物园了吗？） 二、习题 第一部分：词形转换 用括号内所给动词的适当形式（一般过去时）填空。 1. The ground _____________ (shake) violently during the earthquake. 2. Some pandas _____________ (hide) in safe places to protect themselves. 3. Liu Juan _____________ (see) a scared panda in the reserve. 4. She _____________ (run) across the shaking bridge to help it. 5. They _____________ (not be) at the zoo yesterday. They were at home. 6. ________ (be) there any white gorillas in the world before Snowflake? 7. The bridge _____________ (move) from side to side, but she didn't stop. 8. Finally, she _____________ (reach) the panda and _____________ (pick) it up. 9. The panda _____________ (give) her a big hug to show its thanks. 10. Megan _____________ (not hear) Willie at first, but then she noticed him. 第二部分：单项选择 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 11. There _____________ a lot of amazing animals in the forest many years ago. A. is B. was C. are D. were 12. —Where _____________ you at six o'clock last night? —I _____________ at home. A. was; was B. were; was C. was; were D. were; were 13. The elephant _____________ a very long nose, but it _____________ not have any tusks. A. have; do B. has; does C. had; did D. had; do 14. There _____________ another gorilla like Snowflake in the world. It was very special. A. wasn't B. weren't C. isn't D. aren't 15. —________ you see the amazing parrot in the podcast? —Yes, I _____________. It was very clever. A. Do; do B. Did; did C. Did; do D. Do; did 16. Artico's parents _____________ orange with black stripes, but he _____________ white. A. were; was B. was; were C. are; is D. is; are 17. The panda keeper _____________ very scared, but she _____________ to help the panda. A. is; wants B. was; wanted C. was; wants D. is; wanted 18. —________ there a pet in your family when you were a kid? —Yes, there _____________ a small dog. A. Was; was B. Were; were C. Was; were D. Were; was 19. They _____________ many African elephants without tusks 100 years ago. A. see B. saw C. sees D. are seeing 20. The bridge _____________ from side to side, so it was very dangerous. A. move B. moves C. moved D. is moving 21. —Who _____________ your best friend when you were at primary school? —Li Hua _____________. A. is; is B. was; was C. were; were D. was; were 22. Megan _____________ a pet parrot, and it _____________ a piece of bread out of her mouth. A. have; take B. has; takes C. had; took D. had; take 第三部分：句型转换 按要求改写句子，每空一词。 23. Snowflake was a special gorilla.（改为否定句） Snowflake _____________ _____________ a special gorilla. 24. There were many elephants born with tusks.（改为一般疑问句） ________ _____________ many elephants born with tusks? 25. The earthquake hit southwest China in 2008.（对划线部分提问） ________ _____________ the earthquake _____________ southwest China? 26. Artico was white. His parents were orange.（合并为一句） Artico was white, _____________ his parents were orange. 27. They weren't at the zoo yesterday.（改为肯定句） They _____________ at the zoo yesterday. 28. The panda gave the keeper a big hug.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） —________ the panda _____________ the keeper a big hug? —No, it _____________. 29. There wasn't another gorilla like Snowflake.（改为同义句） There _____________ _____________ another gorilla like Snowflake. 30. Liu Juan saw a panda called Hua Ao.（对划线部分提问） ________ _____________ Liu Juan _____________? 第四部分：短文填空 阅读短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式（一般过去时）填空，使短文通顺、完整。 Last week, I (31) _____________ (go) to the zoo with my family. I (32) _____________ (see) many amazing animals. There (33) _____________ (be) a white gorilla, just like Snowflake! It (34) _____________ (look) very calm. I also (35) _____________ (watch) a parrot show. The parrot (36) _____________ (talk) to the visitors. It was very interesting. 三、答案及解析 第一部分：词形转换 1. shook 解析：shake的不规则过去式为shook。 2. hid 解析：hide的不规则过去式为hid。 3. saw 解析：see的不规则过去式为saw。 4. ran 解析：run的不规则过去式为ran。 5. weren't 解析：主语是they，be动词用were，否定式为weren't。 6. Were 解析：gorillas是复数，用were，句首首字母大写。 7. moved 解析：move的规则过去式为moved。 8. reached; picked 解析：reach和pick都是规则动词，直接加-ed。 9. gave 解析：give的不规则过去式为gave。 10. didn't hear 解析：实义动词的否定式用didn't + 动词原形。 第二部分：单项选择 11. D 解析：many years ago是过去时间，animals是复数，用were。 12. B 解析：you用were，I用was。 13. C 解析：描述过去的状态，用had；否定句用didn't + 动词原形。 14. A 解析：another gorilla是单数，用wasn't。 15. B 解析：过去时的一般疑问句用Did...? 回答用Yes, I did. 16. A 解析：parents是复数用were，he是单数用was。 17. B 解析：描述过去的状态和动作，都用过去式。 18. A 解析：a pet是单数，用was。 19. B 解析：100 years ago是过去时间，用saw。 20. C 解析：描述过去的动作，用moved。 21. B 解析：who指代Li Hua（单数），用was。 22. C 解析：描述过去的经历，用had和took。 第三部分：句型转换 23. was not 解析：was的否定式为was not / wasn't。 24. Were there 解析：there be句型的一般疑问句将were提前。 25. When did; hit 解析：对时间提问用when，实义动词的疑问句用did + 动词原形。 26. but 解析：表示转折关系。 27. were 解析：weren't的肯定式为were。 28. Did; give; didn't 解析：实义动词的一般疑问句用Did...? 否定回答用No, it didn't. 29. was no 解析：not any = no。 30. What did; see 解析：对事物提问用what，实义动词的疑问句用did + 动词原形。 第四部分：短文填空 31. went 解析：go的不规则过去式为went。 32. saw 解析：see的不规则过去式为saw。 33. was 解析：a white gorilla是单数，用was。 34. looked 解析：look的规则过去式为looked。 35. watched 解析：watch的规则过去式为watched。 36. talked 解析：talk的规则过去式为talked。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $