Unit 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版）

本讲义聚焦“人与自然——人类向自然界学习”主题，以建筑中的自然灵感为核心知识点，通过Pre-reading图片观察激发兴趣，While-reading分层阅读任务（主旨归纳、段落匹配、细节理解）梳理课文结构，Post-reading难句解构、佳句仿写及品质升华问题搭建学习支架，引导学生理解仿生建筑案例（如新加坡艺术科学博物馆、哈拉雷东门大厦等）。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过阅读策略训练提升学生文本理解与表达能力，品质升华问题（如设计自然灵感建筑、保护自然措施）发展创造性与批判性思维。课中助力教师引导学生深度探究，课后词汇表及练习帮助学生巩固语言知识，弥补学习盲点，体现任务驱动的学科特色教学方法。

主题语境：人与自然——人类向自然界学习 单元目标速览 单元话题导入 学生用书↓第126页 Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas－Reading comprehension Step One：Pre-reading 1．Look at the pictures and find out the similarity. Students' own answers. 2．Could you associate them with architecture? Students' own answers. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the main idea of the passage? A．The wildlife is in danger. B．Human can control the nature one day. C．We should protect and learn from the nature. D．We can get as many resources as possible from the nature. 答案：C Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each paragraph Para.1 A．A building shaped like a lotus flower. Para.2 B．A building inspired by termites' nest. Para.3 C．People's neglect of nature's inspiration. Para.4 D．Nature's inspiration in architecture. Para.5 E．Appeal to live in harmony with nature. Para.6 F．A building powered by algae. 答案：　Paras. 1－6：CDABFE Ⅲ.Read for the structure Ⅳ.Read for details 1．What's people's FALSE idea about nature in Paragraph 1? A．The nature is beautiful. B．An open flower is inspired by an umbrella. C．The tile is inspired by the pine cone. D．The nature inspires the human to make many things. 2．Which is WRONG about Singapore's ArtScience Museum? A．It's decorated with lotus flowers patterns. B．It seems to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it. 学生用书↓第127页 C．Its roof collects rainwater to recycle through the plumbing system. D．It shows the connection between nature and the city's surroundings. 3．What's the similarity between the Eastgate Centre and the Algae House? A．Having panels providing energy for the building. B．Having a skin covered in holes. C．Examples of biomimicry. D．Using less energy. 4．What is the purpose of the author to write the passage? A．To compare and suggest. B．To inform and persuade. C．To argue and conclude. D．To list and explain. 答案：　1－4：BADB Step Three：Post-reading I．难句解构 尝试翻译　事实上，我们对它们如此习以为常，以至于我们甚至可能把它们视为理所当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。 尝试翻译　它的形状像一朵莲花，似乎漂浮在海滨长廊，四周被水环绕。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 教材佳句　To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this. 学后仿写　像节约用水这样的小行为可以对我们的地球产生很大的影响。 Small actions such as saving water can make a great difference to our earth． Ⅲ.品质升华 1．If you were given a chance to design a building，what inspiration would you take from nature？(Creative Thinking 创造性思维) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．Besides inspiration about architecture，what other benefits can we get from nature？(Creative Thinking 创造性思维) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．What measures should we take to protect nature？(Critical Thinking 批判性思维) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (The answers may vary.) 学生用书↓第128页 ◎ ①beauty n．美，美丽 beautiful adj. 美丽的 beautify v. 美化 ②take...for granted 认为……理所当然 take it for granted that... 认为……理所当然 ③inspiration n．灵感 inspire v. 激励；赋予灵感 ④pine cone 松果，松球 ⑤resemble v. 像；与……类似，与……相似 ⑥fascinating adj. 迷人的 fascinate v. 深深吸引，迷住 fascination n．着迷，迷恋 ⑦architect n. 建筑师 architecture n. 建筑学；建筑风格，建筑设计 architectural adj. 建筑学的 ⑧capture v. 捕获 ⑨mimic v. 模仿 ⑩organism n. 有机体；生物 ⑪be designed to被设计为 ⑫shape v. 使成为……形状 ⑬lotus n．莲花，荷花 ⑭float v. 漂浮 ⑮channel v. 引导 ⑯recycle v. 回收利用，再利用 ⑰plumbing n. 管道系统 ⑱an example of 一个……的例子 ⑲biomimicry n. 仿生学 ⑳documentary n. 纪录片 ㉑construct v. 建造，修建 construction n. 建造；建筑物 under construction在修建中 ㉒mound n. 土堆，土丘 ㉓absorb v. 吸收(液体、气体等) be absorbed in专心致志于 ㉔warm v．(使)温暖 ㉕nutrient n．营养素；营养物 nutrition n．营养 nutritious adj.有营养的 ㉖shade n．阴凉处 ㉗convert...into ...把……转变为…… ㉘power v. 给……提供动力 ㉙fuel n．燃料 ㉚respond to对……做出反应 ㉛generate v. 产生 ㉜in harmony with与……协调一致；与……和谐相处 ㉝challenge n．挑战 challenging adj. 具有挑战性的 ◎ Nature in Architecture Trees，plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty① every day.In fact，we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted② without realising how much inspiration③ they have given us.[1] When we look at a pine cone④，we might think how much it looks like the tiles on a roof.An open flower might make us think how closely it resembles⑤ an umbrella.It is natural to think in this way，but of course it wasn't the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone.[2] [1]本句为主从复合句。so ...that ...引导结果状语从句；how much引导宾语从句。 [2]本句为but连接的并列句。前一分句中to think in this way为真正的主语，It为形式主语；后一分句为or连接的两个并列的强调句。 Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating⑥ designs around us，including those in architecture.From Barcelona's forest-like Sagrada Familia to the modern style of Beijing's Water Cube，nature is presented in various architectural designs.Today，architects⑦ continue to explore ways to capture⑧ the beauty of natural forms，to mimic⑨ the way nature works or even to make natural organisms⑩ part of a building. ArtScience Museum，Singapore People whose interest is exploring the relationship between art and science[3] will enjoy Singapore's ArtScience Museum.The building was designed to⑪ show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in which it sits.Shaped⑫ to resemble a lotus⑬ flower，[4]it appears to float⑭ above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.Its roof collects rainwater and channels ⑮ it 35 metres down to a waterfall in the centre of the space.The water is then recycled⑯ through the building's plumbing⑰system.Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms. [3]画线部分为whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people。 [4]画线部分为动词-ed形式短语作状语。 学生用书↓第129页 The Eastgate Centre，Harare Harare's Eastgate Centre is a superb example of⑱biomimicry⑲.To use biomimicry is to create structures based on natural forms and processes.Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired to create the Centre while watching a nature documentary⑳ in which termites were constructing㉑ their nests.[5]The insects built mounds ㉒ covered in little holes designed to allow air to move freely in and out of the mounds.In a similar way，the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” covered in holes.During the day，warm air is drawn into the building through the holes，cooling as it reaches the middle of the building.[6] At night，the heat absorbed㉓ by the wall during the day warms ㉔ the cool air，creating a comfortable temperature inside.[7] The design reduces the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems，so the building uses less energy and costs less to run. [5]本句为主从复合句。while watching为时间状语从句的省略，in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词a nature documentary。 [6]画线部分为as引导的时间状语从句。 [7]absorbed ...the day为动词-ed形式短语作后置定语，修饰the heat；creating ...inside为动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。 The Algae House，Hamburg The world's first algae-powered building is in Hamburg，Germany.The surface of the apartment building is covered in panels that contain algae.The algae are fed with liquid nutrients ㉕ and carbon dioxide to encourage them to grow.In bright sunshine，they grow faster and provide shade㉖.The panels also capture heat from the sun and convert it into㉗ energy that powers㉘ the building.And that's not all－the algae inside the panels can be harvested and used to produce fuel㉙.The building therefore not only responds to㉚ its environment and uses less energy，but also reduces damage to the environment by generating㉛ its own renewable energy. Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with㉜ our environment.[8] To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge㉝，but even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.[9] [8]Creating buildings such as these为动词-ing形式短语作主语。 [9]本句为but连接的并列句。第一个分句中动词不定式短语在句中作主语；while protecting the world of tomorrow为状语从句的省略。第二个分句中how to achieve this为“疑问词＋动词不定式”的结构，在句中作宾语。 学生用书↓第130页 ◎ 建筑中的自然元素 我们身边都有花、草、树木，并且我们每天都能欣赏到它们的美。事实上，我们已经对它们如此习以为常，以至于我们甚至可能把它们视为理所当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。看到一个松果，我们可能会想它看起来多么像屋顶上的瓦片；一朵绽放的花可能会让我们觉得它和雨伞是多么相似。以这种方式思考是很自然的，但当然不是雨伞给了花朵灵感，也不是屋顶给了松果灵感。 我们身边许多最迷人的设计，包括建筑设计，它们的灵感都来自大自然。从巴塞罗那的森林般的圣家族大教堂到现代风格的北京水立方，在各式各样的建筑设计中都能发现自然元素。如今，建筑师不断探寻捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然运行的方式，或者让自然生物成为建筑的一部分。 新加坡艺术科学博物馆 对探索艺术与科学的关系感兴趣的人会乐于参观新加坡的艺术科学博物馆。该建筑的设计是为了展示自然和其所处的现代城市环境之间的联系。它的形状像一朵莲花，似乎漂浮在海滨长廊上，四周被水环绕。它的屋顶可收集雨水，雨水顺着管道向下35米到达博物馆中心的瀑布。然后，水通过该建筑的管道系统循环使用。当置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑中时，参观者常常叹为观止。 哈拉雷东门大厦 哈拉雷东门大厦是极好的仿生学范例，利用仿生技术，在自然形态和过程的基础上创造建筑结构。津巴布韦建筑师米克·皮尔斯在一部大自然纪录片中看到白蚁筑造蚁穴，从中得到启发，从而设计了东门大厦。这种昆虫搭建表面覆有小洞的蚁丘，以保证蚁丘内外部的空气流通。东门大厦也用了相似的方法，大厦的“皮肤”上设计了很多洞。白天，暖空气通过洞口被引入建筑内部，在流向建筑中部的过程中冷却下来。夜间，墙壁吸收的热量使冷空气变暖，创造了适宜的内部温度条件。该设计减少了对传统空调和供暖系统的需求，因此建筑运行能耗和成本都较低。 汉堡藻屋 世界上第一座藻类能源建筑位于德国汉堡。公寓楼表面的面板上覆盖着藻类。藻类以液体营养素和二氧化碳为养料，促进自身生长。阳光明媚的时候，它们长得更快且可以遮阴。这些面板还可以吸收太阳的热量，并将其转化为电能，给建筑物供电。除此之外，面板内的藻类可以收集起来，并用于生产燃料。因此，该建筑不仅能够适应环境，减少能耗，而且自身可以产生可再生能源，减少对环境的危害。 创造这样的建筑物能够使我们与我们的环境更加和谐地相处。保护明天的世界，同时满足当下的需求，这可能是一项挑战，但即使是最简单的生物也能教会我们如何实现目标。 学生用书↓第131页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $