Unit 9 Human Biology 单元综合提升-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（北师大版）

该高中英语单元复习讲义通过分类梳理构建知识体系，将核心词汇（含单词、词性转换、短语）、重点句型（如“the+序数词+不定式”“while让步状语从句”等）按“基础积累-语法应用-综合提升”逻辑组织，用列表呈现词汇用法、表格归纳句型结构，清晰展现知识脉络与重难点联系。 讲义亮点在于练习设计的分层递进，如词汇填空巩固基础用法，语法填空整合单元重点词汇（如comparison、capability），续写练习通过“一审要素、二定主题、三推测发展”步骤指导，培养语言运用和思维品质。基础学生可掌握词汇语法，优秀学生能提升综合表达，助力教师实施精准教学，支持学生自主复习。

单元综合提升 ◎ 1．barrier n.　　　 障碍，壁垒 2．forever adv.　　 永远；长久地 3．clue n.　　　　 线索，提示 4．crucial adj.　　　　 至关重要的，关键性的 5．bound adj.　　　　 很有可能，肯定会 6．abuse vt.　　　　 滥用，妄用；虐待 　 n.　　　　 滥用；虐待 7．factor n.　　　　 因素，要素 8．widespread adj.　　　 分布广的，广泛流传的 9．bury vt.　　　　 埋葬，安葬；埋藏 10．pose vt.　　　　 造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等) n.　　　　 (为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态 11．trial n.　　　　 试验；审判，审理 12．underline vt.　　　　 强调，使突出；在……之下画线 13．suspect n.　　　　 (犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子 14．victim n.　　　　 (袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者 15．phenomenon n.　　　　 现象 ◎ 选用左栏单词的适当形式填空 1．Employing body language appropriately can help you break down barriers in communication. 2．Charged with abusing her 3-year-old child，the young mother was sentenced in prison. 3．There are certain factors I must take into account on my new invention. 4．With the widespread use of the Internet，communications across the world have steadily developed over the years. 5．Many people went to the disaster area to help the victims as volunteers after the earthquake happened. 6．When he got home，he buried his head under the quilt，pretending to be asleep. 7．Two suspects in connection with the killing are now being questioned by the police. ◎ 1．capability n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能→capable adj.有能力的，有才能的 2．infer vt.推断，推定→inference n．推理；推论；推断 3．calculate vt.计算，核算→calculation n．计算→calculator n．计算器 4．participant n．参加者，参与者→participate vi.参加，参与→participation n．参加，参与 5．edit vi.&vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→edition n．版本；版次→editor n．编者，编辑 6．comparison n．比较→compare v．比较，对比；与……类似；将……比作 7．accurate adj.准确的，正确的→accurately adv.精确地，准确地→accuracy n．精确度，准确性 学生用书第106页 8．treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式→treat vt.治疗；对待；把……视为 n．请客；款待 9．emotion n．强烈的情感，激情→emotional adj.情绪的；情感的；有感染力的；情绪激动的→emotionally adv.情感上 10．locate vi.&vt.找出……的准确位置→located adj.位于→location n．地方；地点；位置 11．variation n．变化物，变体；差异，变动→various adj.各种各样的，不同种类的→variety n．种类→vary v．变化，变更 12．classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→classification n．归类，分类，分级 13．rare adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的→rarely adv.很少，难得 14．opposed adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物→oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠→opposite prep.在……对面 adj.对面的；相反的→opposition n．(强烈的)反对，反抗 15．depressing adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的→depress vt.使沮丧；使忧愁→depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→depression n．沮丧，消沉 16．estimate vt.估计，估算→estimation n．估计；评价 17．steadily adv.稳定地→steady adj.稳定的 18．actual adj.实际的，真实的→actually adv.实际上；事实上；的确 19．thorough adj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的→thoroughly adv.彻底地，非常，完全 20．identify vt.确定，发现；认出，识别→identification n．身份证明→identity n．身份；同一性，一致 ◎ 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．The tallest buildings in London are small in comparison(compare)with the skyscrapers in New York. 2．With the new machines we finally have the capability(capable)to do the job properly. 3．Now we aim to try to help provide new treatment(treat)for these severely disabled patients. 4．Doing garbage classification(classify)in a right way can turn waste into wealth，which will benefit us a lot. 5．We prefer to describe emotional(emotion)intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. 6．You made a good decision，and I thoroughly(thorough)approve of it. 7．①Participants(participate)will be required to recite their favourite poems to share with the audience. ②We hold the belief that you may display your wonderful talents through this contest.Looking forward to your participation(participate)． 8．①They questioned the accuracy(accurate)of the information in the file. ②You must measure the length accurately(accurate)in order to get the accurate number. 9．①The first time we lost the match，we all felt very depressed(depress)，because we had all been devoted to making full preparations for it. ②He was not satisfied with the summer camp because the whole experience was depressing(depress)． 10．There are various goods in the supermarket，and the prices vary from cents to dollars.The variety attracts many customers.(various) ◎ 1．be capable of 　　 能够…… 2．suffer from 　　　　 遭受，受……折磨 3．be devoted to 　　　 全身心地投入 4．in comparison with 　 与……比较 5．be viewed as 　　　 被视为，被看作 6．consist of 　　　　 由……组成 7．be responsible for 　　 对……负责；是……的原因 8．be related to 　　　　 与……有关 9．cut down on 　　　　 削减；减少；降低 学生用书第107页 10．get through 　　 渡过，熬过(困难或不快的时期) 11．get over 　　　　 克服；从(不快或疾病中)恢复过来 12．come up with 　　 提出；想出；赶上 13．track down 　　　　 搜寻到，跟踪找到，追查到 14．belong to 　　　　 属于 15．pass on...to... 　　　　 把……传给…… ◎ 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空 1．We are capable of finishing the work efficiently with our joint efforts. 2．After looking over my plan，the manager hoped I could come up with a better and more practical one. 3．This is viewed as the most effective way to overcome overeating. 4．In addition，as the chairman of the Student Union，I am responsible for this job. 5．In comparison with the previous one，the task is more challenging. 6．With the development of new rice，gone are the days when Chinese people suffered from terrible starvation. 7．Our friends lend us a hand when we are in trouble and help us get through difficult situations. ◎ 1．the＋序数词＋名词＋动词不定式(作定语) They were the first-ever primates(the order of mammals which include apes，monkeys，and humans)to have been cloned! 2．while引导让步状语从句 While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement，others raise moral concerns. 3．with复合结构 With recent press reports drawing parallels between bird flu and killer epidemics of the past，Jim Smith looks at the sometimes depressing history of epidemics for clues about how we can create a more positive future without epidemics. 4．动词-ing形式(短语)作结果状语 Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area's population died from the epidemic，making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire. 5．(1)动词-ing形式(短语)的完成式作状语 (2)sb/sth be believed to do...＝It is believed that...意为“人们认为/相信……” Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history. ◎ 1．珍妮·古道尔是第一位研究黑猩猩与人类之间关系的女性。 Jane Goodall is the first woman to study the connections between chimps and human beings. 2．虽然我是一名交换生，但我精通英语，了解英国文化。 While I am an exchange student，I have a good command of English and know about British culture. 3．她热泪盈眶地见证了女儿的婚礼。 With tears of joy in her eyes，she witnessed her daughter's wedding. 4．大学扩招了，这样就使更多人能有机会接受高等教育。 The universities have expanded，thus giving more people access to higher education． 5．(1)在英国住了两年，我现在已经习惯了寒冷的天气。 Having lived in England for two years，I now have become accustomed to the cold weather. (2)上周，一群外国学生来到我们学校，体验了被认为是中国文化象征的中国茶文化。 Last week，a group of foreign students came to our school and experienced Chinese tea culture，which is believed/thought to be the symbol of Chinese culture． 学生用书第108页 语法填空(文中加黑词汇为本单元的重点词汇) In the current era，what people do hurts not only themselves but also animals，such as some camels，cattle，apes and goats. By 1.comparison(compare)with widespread traditional offline medical care，remote medical care is very crucial，2.which can break the barriers of time and space，and provide the best doctors and the identical accurate treatment for patients，but some illegal organizations，wholly 3.ignoring(ignore)the ethical principles，are buried in editing some false advertisements 4.artificially(artificial)and abusing network，providing some false clues for patients.It is bound 5. to lead(lead)to permanent hurt to patients，which will provoke angry emotions and must be forbidden forever. To make matters 6.worse(bad)，it is estimated that some rare animals are disappearing.There are many 7.factors(factor)for their disappearance，and they can be roughly classified into two 8.categories(category)，partly because they have no capability to adapt to the environment，and partly because of human activities，which pose 9.a threat to their habitats.It is depressing that some people kill animals because they attribute the outbreak of some diseases to the viruses they carry.Fortunately，most people are opposed to this practice and call for efforts to develop thorough and systematic measures to protect animals 10.on the globe. Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome①.This illness causes severe diarrhoea，dehydration，and even death.In the early 19th century，when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe，millions of people died from the disease.As a young doctor，John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.In time，he rose to become a famous doctor，and even attended to② Queen Victoria when she gave birth.However，he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all. In general，doctors in those days had two contradictory③ theories to explain how cholera spread.One theory was that bad air caused the disease.The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.Snow subscribed to the second theory.It was correct，but he still needed proof.Consequently④，when an outbreak⑤ of cholera hit London in 1854，Snow began to investigate.He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to find out why. 学生用书第109页 (节选自人教版教材选择性必修第二册Unit 1) [词汇积累] ①overcome vt.克服；战胜；解决 ②attend to 注意；照料；致力于 ③contradictory adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 ④consequently adv.因此；结果 ⑤outbreak n．(战争的)爆发；(疾病的)发作 [佳句欣赏] He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. 分析：这是一个复合句。that引导宾语从句；so...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以致于……”。 译文：他发现在两条特别的街道上，霍乱爆发得非常严重，10天内就有500多人死亡。 [阅读回答] 阅读文本，回答以下问题 1．What did Snow think cholera caused by? A．Germs in bad air. B．Germs in food. C．Germs in food or water. D．Germs in water. 答案：C 2．What can we know about John Snow when facing cholera? A．He gave many suggestions. B．He tried working with his partners. C．He showed extraordinary courage. D．He consulted Queen Victoria about it. 答案：C 阅读下面材科，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2025·福建福州期末) Though I eat an apple almost every day，one month ago my doctor came to my house standing in front of me，not being kept away，due to my sudden illness. “Well Jian，I think I need to have a strong talk with you.You are overweight.Have you ever heard about Body Mass Index(指数)，BMI? Well，I've weighed you and measured your height and you have a BMI of 28.That is obese(肥胖的)，”said the doctor. I knew I was a little bit overweight but I didn't think it was that bad.He added that my name means healthy in Chinese and he thought it is time that I should become healthy.There is a direct link between my health and sport.So he asked me，“How much sport do you do every week？” I told him that I go for a walk every weekend.Then he replied，“Hmm，that's not a lot.Sport and health go together.They affect your mental，physical and emotional health.For example，sport can improve your mental health，allowing your brain to think better and focus.It will help you to learn more easily.Is that clear，Jian？” “I think so.I know it would be good to be able to concentrate better at school，”I said. The doctor explained to me that from a physical point of view，sport makes us tired，so it helps us to sleep better.At the same time，sport burns off the calories that we have consumed.It builds muscle and improves our circulation.Sport helps to control our cholesterol levels(胆固醇水平)and this is important to stop us having a heart attack.Additionally，it also keeps our blood pressure normal and strengthens our bones. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 The doctor's words left me lost in thought. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ “Exercising alone is hard.Why not try some team sports？”the doctor suggested. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 学生用书第110页 一审——审要素 背景 Setting When & Where one month ago，in my house 角色 Characters Who Jian，doctor 情节 Plot What My doctor came to my house，not being kept away due to my sudden illness． I didn't think it was that bad. My doctor asked me to do sports every day. I know it would be good to be able to concentrate better at school. Why I was ill suddenly because of overweight． There is a direct link between my health and sport. 情感 Feeling How worried→explain patiently 二定——定主题：正能量原则 原文 依据 Sport and health go together. It will help you to learn more easily. It also keeps our blood pressure normal and strengthens our bones. 主题 As we all know，exercise has a positive effect on people's physical and mental health，so we should understand the importance of exercise． 三推测——两步段首句定发展：三衔接原则 (一)标出段首句的关键词 第一段：The doctor's words left me lost in thought． 第二段：“Exercising alone is hard.Why not try some team sports？”the doctor suggested. (二)基于三衔接原则：利用复现、代词指代及过渡衔接词三大方法做好衔接。 ①由第一段首句内容“医生的话使我陷入了沉思。”可知，第一段可描写作者开始改变自己的生活方式。 ②由第二段首句内容“‘独自锻炼很难。为什么不试试团队运动呢？’医生建议道。”可知，第二段可描写作者加入团队运动，得到了乐趣。 ③由此可推测第一段的结局：我决心做出改变；第二段的结局：通过此次经历，我找到了一种改善我的健康和生活的新方法。 四构思——每段三个微情节原则 第 一 段 情节 陷入沉思； 认真对待健康； 改变生活方式； 研究锻炼方式； 关注饮食； 决心做出改变。 动作链 沉思→改变→研究→关注 心理 描写 take...seriously认真对待…… pay attention to 注意 determined adj.决心；决定；坚定的 第 二 段 情节 医生建议； 认识到他是对的； 决定尝试； 加入足球队并喜欢上它； 得到锻炼，结交新朋友以及玩得很开心； 期待练习和比赛； 感觉到自己的变化。 动作链 建议→认识→尝试 心理 描写 hesitant adj.踌躇的；犹豫的 surprised adj.惊讶的 look forward to 盼望；期待 五成文——连句成篇 ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] The doctor's words left me lost in thought.I realized that I needed to take my health more seriously and make some changes to my lifestyle.I started to look into different sports and exercises that I could do to improve my health.I also began to pay more attention to my diet，cutting out unhealthy foods and replacing them with healthier alternatives.I knew that it wouldn't be easy，but I was determined to make a change. “Exercising alone is hard.Why not try some team sports？”the doctor suggested.I thought about it for a moment and realized that he was right.I had always been hesitant to join a sports team，but I decided to give it a try.I joined a local soccer team and was surprised at how much I enjoyed it.Not only was I getting the exercise that I needed，but I was also making new friends and having fun in the process.I started to look forward to our weekly practices and games，and I could feel myself getting stronger and healthier with each passing week.Thanks to my doctor's advice，I had found a new way to improve my health and my life. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $