Unit 9 Section Ⅰ Topic Talk-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（北师大版）

本讲义围绕“人与自然——人体生物学”主题，构建“词汇热身-听力理解-技巧点拨-词汇应用”的学习支架，先通过14个核心词汇（如biology, capability）夯实基础，再结合对话听力活动（填空、摘要）提升理解，辅以连读、弱读等语音技巧指导，最后聚焦capability等词汇的用法练习，形成完整学习链。 该资料以分步骤听力训练和多维度词汇练习为亮点，通过语音现象讲解提升语言能力，结合人体能力、极端条件反应等科学对话培养思维品质（如推断、分析），课中助力教师系统教学，课后学生可借词汇练习和技巧回顾巩固，有效查漏补缺。

主题语境：人与自然——人体生物学 单元目标速览 学生用书第75页 单元话题导入 Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk Step Ⅰ　Before listening 词汇热身 1．biology n.　　　 生物学 2．capability n.　　 (完成困难事情的)能力，才能 3．marathon n.　　　　 马拉松赛跑 4．justify vt.　　　　 证明……有道理，为……辩护 5．infer vt.　　　　 推断，推定 6．calculate vt.　　　　 计算，核算 7．physicist n.　　　　 物理学家 8．athletics n.　　　　 田径运动 9．innovate vi.&vt.　　　　 革新，创新，改革 10．betterment n.　　　　 (个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高 11．vaccine n.　　　　 疫苗 12．resilience n.　　　　 恢复力，复原力，适应力 13．participant n.　　　　 参加者，参与者 14．doping n.　　　　 使用违禁药物(以提高体育比赛的成绩) Step Ⅱ　While listening Listening to Conversation 9.1，fill in the blanks. Topic Talk 9．1(G＝Gina　B＝Bob) G：I've just been 1.watching athletics on television.I'm amazed at the speed and strength of the athletes. B：It's incredible，isn't it? The human body is 2.capable of doing many things，such as jumping high，running very fast. G：That's true.I love watching gymnastics 3.competitions． B：The human mind is amazing，too—the human mind is capable of making decisions，memorising facts，4.reasoning and doing so many other things. G：That's right.We use our minds to create and 5.innovate as well.I really admire people who use their minds for the 6.betterment of mankind. 学生用书第76页 B：Yes.I do，too! For example，medical researchers conduct research to find 7.cures for diseases.They also look for ways to prevent diseases by 8.developing vaccines.Isn't it amazing what the human 9.mind and body are capable of? G：It truly is! Listening to Conversation 9.2，complete the summary. In an interview，Dr.Millhouse shares his research on human body 10.reactions in extreme conditions.The study focused on human 11.resilience in hot and cold climates.Participants were trained to do special 12.breathing exercises in extremely low temperatures in the lab.After about 20 minutes of the exercises，an interesting 13.phenomenon occurred：their bodies began to 14.warm up on their own.However，when the participants felt tired and failed to do the exercises properly，their body temperature 15.dropped again.Dr.Millhouse notes that people can control their body temperature 16.to some extent，with effects similar to those of athletes involved in doping.But more research is needed to 17.clarify the exact mechanism. Step Ⅲ　Post listening 听力技巧点拨——注意语音现象 作为英语学习者，注意语音现象，明晰发音规则，熟悉连读、弱读、失去爆破，减少辨音障碍，大大提升英语听力水平和综合素养能力。 一、连读(Linking) 1．辅音＋元音：前词以辅音结尾，后词以元音开头时，辅音与元音连读。例： take it →/teɪk　ɪt/　　　an apple→/ən　'æpl/ 2．元音＋元音：前词以元音结尾，后词以元音开头，常插入半元音(/j/或/w/)过渡。例： see it →/siː j　ɪt/　　　　go out →/ɡəʊw　aʊt/ 3．辅音＋同部位辅音：相同辅音相连时，只发一次音。例： big game→/bɪɡ　ɡeɪm/→/bɪɡeɪm/ 4．/r/连读(仅英式英语)：词尾的/r/在元音开头的词前发音。例： far away→/fɑː r　ə'weɪ/ 二、弱读(Weak Forms) 功能词(冠词、介词、代词等)在非重读时常发弱读形式： 1．常见弱读变化 －**a/an** →/ə///ən/ －**the** →/ðə/(辅音前)，/ði/(元音前) －**and** →/ən/或/n/(如 “bread and butter” →/brednˌbʌtə/) －**to** →/tə/(如“go to school” →/ɡəʊ tə skuː l/) －**you** →/jə/ －**for** →/fə/ －**of** →/əv/或/ə/ 2．助动词弱读 －**can** →/kən/ －**have** →/həv/或/əv/(如“could have” →/kʊdəv/) －**are** →/ə/(如“They are here” →/ðeɪə hɪə/) 三、失去爆破(Elision) 爆破音(/p，b，t，d，k，ɡ/)在特定位置不发音，仅保留口型： 1．爆破音＋不同辅音：爆破音后接不同辅音时，失去爆破。例： black coffee →/blæk 'kɒfi/(/k/不爆破)　good time →/ɡʊd' taɪm/(/d/不爆破) 2．爆破音连续：两个爆破音相邻时，前一个失去爆破。例： stop talking→/stɒp　'tɔː kɪŋ/(第一个/p/不发音) big dog→/bɪɡ　dɒɡ/(/ɡ/不爆破) 3．/t/或/d/在词尾的省略：在快速口语中，词尾的/t/或/d/常被省略。例： next day→/neks deɪ/　old man→/əʊl mæn/ 四、其他常见现象 1．同化(Assimilation)：相邻辅音互相影响发音。例如： -/t/＋/j/→/tʃ/(如“meet you” →/miː tʃu/) -/d/＋/j/→/dʒ/(如“would you” →/wʊdʒu/) 2．鼻腔爆破(Nasal Plosion)：爆破音＋鼻音(如/t/＋/n/)时，气流从鼻腔释放。例如： button→/'bʌtn/(/t/不爆破) 五、练习建议 1．多听模仿：通过影视剧、播客等材料熟悉自然语流。 2．录音对比：录下自己的发音，与原声对比调整。 3．分步练习：先慢速朗读，应用规则逐步加快速度。 学生用书第77页 核心词汇练全 capability n．(完成困难事情的)能力，才能 (教材原句)Capabilities of the Human Body人体的能力 (1)capability to do sth/of doing sth 做某事的能力 (2)capable adj.　　　　 有能力的；足以胜任的 be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事 (3)incapable　　　　　　 没有能力的 单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 ①Animals in the zoo have lost the capability(capable) to catch food for themselves. ②Children have a remarkable capacity of learning/to learn languages(学习语言的能力)． ③As is shown above，only capable individuals(有能力的人)can handle the tough mission. ④我认为我能胜任这份工作，因为我可以用英语与外国人交流。 I think I'm equal to the job because I am capable of communicating with foreigners in English． 词汇串联：capacity表“能力”时，同义表达还有： ability/competence/proficiency/aptitude/expertise等。 justify vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护 justify doing sth　　 为做……辩护/开脱/找理由 justify oneself　　　 为自己辩解 justice n.　　　　 公道；正义；司法 单句语法填空/补全句子/读后续写之情感描写 ①I don't have to justify myself(I) to you or anyone else. ②How can we justify spending(spend) so much money on so many clothes? ③Whatever you think of our choice，time will justify it(证明我们的选择是对的)． ④被误解包围，他不知该说些什么来为自己辩护。 Surrounded by misunderstanding，he was at a loss for words to justify himself． infer vt.推断，推定 (1)infer sth(from sth)　 推断出某事 ...infer that...　　　　 推断……；推论…… (2)inference n.　　　　 推理；推论；推断 draw/make inferences from 根据……推论出结果 by inference　　　　 通过推理 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I inferred from the article that the pilot was responsible for the accident. ②The clear inference(infer) is that the universe is expanding. ③Our conclusions were arrived at by inference，not by direct evidence. ④我们可以推断，活动的目的是帮助学生看到自己的优势。 We can infer that the purpose of activities is to help students see their own strengths. 学生用书第78页 calculate vt.计算，核算 (1)calculate that...　　　 算出…… It has been calculated that... 据估算…… be calculated to do sth　　 旨在做某事 (2)calculator n.　　　　 计算器 (3)calculation n.　　　　 计算 单句语法填空/补全句子 ①This painting is so valuable that it is hard to calculate(calculate) what its price is. ②The advertisement's bold font is calculated(calculate)to grab attention. ③I can't work it out in my head—I need a calculator to make a check on his calculation．(calculate) ④It has been calculated that(据估算)in 2024 alone，about 2.3 million people died of HIV. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $