Unit 8 Section Ⅴ Lesson 3-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（北师大版）

本讲义围绕《海底两万里》选段阅读，构建“导入-精读-拓展”学习支架。Pre-reading通过科幻小说话题提问激活背景知识，While-reading从主旨大意、段落匹配到细节理解分层推进，Post-reading聚焦难句解构、佳句仿写及品质升华，形成完整阅读能力培养链条。 该资料以分层阅读任务提升语言能力，如细节题训练信息提取，佳句仿写强化表达。品质升华环节设计逻辑性与创造性思维问题，如分析人物阶级，培养思维品质。词汇拓展与句型练习模块，既辅助课中教学，又便于学生课后复习巩固，有效查漏补缺。

Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 Step One：Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the following questions. Have you ever read any science fiction? Who are the writers? What are the stories about? Answers may vary. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the main idea of the passage? A．Weapons I can't know. B．20，000 leagues under the sea. C．Some monsters we came across. D．The horrible experiences under the sea. 答案：D Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each part Part 1 (Paras.1－6)　 A．We escaped with Ned，landing on a“whale”．Part 2 (Paras.7－9)　　　 B．Uncover the whale's real identity，and we're saved.Part 3 (Paras.10－14)　　 C．We fell off the boat into the water.Part 4 (Para.15)　　　 D．Conseil helped us calmly and selflessly. 答案：Parts 1－4　CDAB Ⅲ.Read for the structure Ⅳ.Read for details 1．What made them fall into the water? A．Their adventure. B．The violent wind. C．Their carelessness. D．A boat crash. 2．What kind of person is Conseil? A．Brave and loyal. B．Energetic and kind. C．Honest and handsome. D．Adventurous and determined. 学生用书第57页 3．Why was the weapon mentioned in Paragraph 13? A．To prove Ned's bravery. B．To introduce the story setting. C.To explain the reason of Ned's survival. D．To set background for the real identity of the great whale. 答案：1－3　DAD Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1．The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. 结构分析：此句为“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句。语句拆分理解如下： ①The crash was violent. 尝试翻译：撞击实在是猛烈的。 ②I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. 尝试翻译：我不记得自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。 整体翻译　撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不记得自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。 2．If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder，master would swim with much greater ease. 结构分析：此句为If引导的条件状语从句，含有“so...as to do”固定词组，翻译成“如此……以致”。 整体翻译　如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　...my mouth，opening and closing，filled with salt water.(伴随动作描写) 学后仿写　孩子们跑过公园，欢笑着，追逐着蝴蝶，手里抓着彩色气球。 The children ran through the park，laughing cheerfully，chasing butterflies，and holding colorful balloons． 2．教材佳句　The darkness was intense.I saw a black mass disappearing in the east.(环境描写) 学后仿写　皎洁的月光洒满森林，夜空中繁星点点。 The moon shone silver over the forest with all stars twinkling/blinking． Ⅲ.品质升华 1．What physical problems did the professor suffer after he fell into the sea？(Logical Thinking逻辑性思维) He was sinking and couldn't breathe. 2．What social class do you think the professor and Conseil belong to？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) Personally，the professor belongs to the upper class，while Conseil is the low class. ◎ ①violent/'vaɪələnt/adj.强烈的；暴力的，强暴的 violence n．暴力，暴行；狂热 ②recollection/ˌrekə'lekʃən/n.想起，记起 have no clear recollection of... 不记得…… ③intense adj.很大的；十分强烈的 intense darkness 浓黑 ④desperation/ˌdespə'reɪʃən/n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切 in desperation 绝望地，在走投无路的情况下 desperate adj.不顾一切的，拼命的 ⑤sink/sɪŋk/vt.&vi.下沉，沉没 ⑥struggle against...与……抗争 ⑦be so good as to do sth(＝be good enough to do sth)请做某事，费心做某事(用来客气地请对方做某事) ⑧hold onto sth抓紧某物 ⑨with much greater ease 轻松得多 ease/iː z/n.轻易，毫不费劲 ⑩grab/ɡræb/vt.攫取，抓住 ⑪nevertheless/ˌnevəðə'les/adv.然而，不过；尽管如此 ⑫preservation/ˌprezə'veɪʃən/n.维护；保护；保持，维持；保存 preserve vt.使继续存活；保全；保护；维护 ⑬drown/draʊn/vi.&vt.(使)淹死，(使)溺毙 ⑭come into one's head 进入某人的脑海，想到 ⑮strike/straɪk/vi.&vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸 n．罢工；打击 ⑯chest/tʃest/n.胸部，胸膛 ⑰collapse vi.&vt.(肺或血管)萎陷 ⑱unconscious/ʌn'kɒnʃəs/adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的 conscious adj.神志清醒的，有意识的；意识到 consciousness n．清醒状态，知觉 lose(one's)consciousness 失去知觉 ⑲safety 熟词生义n.安全处所 ⑳more correctly speaking 更确切地说 weapon/'wepən/n.武器，兵器；凶器 bounce off 弹开 bounce/baʊns/vi.&vt.(使)弹起，(使)反弹 steel/stiː l/n.钢，钢铁 being/'biː ɪŋ/n.生物(尤指人)；诞生；出现；存在 evidently/'evədəntli/adv.明显地，显然 [联想串记] solid/'sɒlɪd/adj.固体的；坚硬的 support 熟词生义vt.支撑；支承 polished/'pɒlɪʃt/adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的 polish vt.擦光，磨光 nothing like 完全不像，根本不像 construction/kən'strʌkʃən/n.建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑 be under construction 正在修建中 opening n．孔，洞，缺口 daybreak/'deɪbreɪk/n.黎明，破晓 utter/'ʌtə/vt.(尤指吃力地)发出(声音) utter a cry 发出喊叫声 noiselessly adv.无声无息地，静悄悄地 ◎ 20，000 LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA Fact File Jules Verne(1828－1905)，a French novelist，was called the“Father of Science Fiction”．He wrote a widely popular series of science fiction，including Journey to the Centre of the Earth(1864)，20，000 Leagues Under the Sea(1870)，and Around the World in Eighty Days(1873)． The crash was so violent①that I have no clear recollection②of falling from the boat.[1]Might I hope to be saved? The darkness was intense③.I saw a black mass disappearing in the east[2].It was the boat! I was lost. 学生用书第58页 [1]本句是一个复合句。so...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。 [2]画线部分为“see sth doing sth”结构，意为“看见某物正在做某事”。 “Help，help！”I shouted，swimming towards the boat in desperation④[3].I was sinking⑤！ I couldn't breathe！“Help！”My mouth filled with water；I struggled against⑥ being drawn deeper，deeper down.Suddenly I felt myself quickly drawn up to the surface of the sea；and I heard these words：“If master would be so good as to⑦ hold onto⑧ my shoulder，master would swim with much greater ease⑨.”[4] I grabbed⑩ my faithful Conseil's arm with one hand. [3] 画线句子为动词-ing形式作伴随状语。 [4]画线句子结构简单，关键是理解“so...as to...”的特殊用法，可翻译成：如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。 “Is it you？”said I. “Myself，”answered Conseil. “That crash threw you as well as me into the sea？” “No；but，being in my master's service，I followed him.” Conseil was cool and calm.Nevertheless⑪，our situation was no less terrible.[5]Near one o'clock in the morning，I suddenly felt terribly tired.Conseil had to keep me up，and our preservation⑫ depended on him alone.“Leave me! Leave me！”I said to him. [5] 画线句子用“no less”表示双重否定，强调语气，可理解为：我们的处境仍旧很糟糕。 “Never！”replied he.“I would drown⑬ first.” “Help! Help！”cried Conseil.It seemed to me as if a cry answered him.There was no mistake! A human voice responded to ours! Then，I know not why，the thought of the strange，terrible animal came into my head⑭ for the first time! But that voice! I had almost no strength left；my fingers could hardly move；my mouth，opening and closing，filled with salt water.I became colder and colder.I raised my head for the last time，then I sank. At this moment a hard body struck⑮ me.I held onto it；then I felt that I was being drawn up，that I was brought to the surface of the water，that my chest⑯ collapsed⑰—my eyes closed，unconscious⑱.[6] I soon woke up，and half opened my eyes.I saw a face which I immediately recognised.“Ned！”I cried. 学生用书第59页 [6] 画线部分中，动词felt的后面出现了三个that引导的宾语从句。“my eyes closed”是一个独立主格结构。形容词unconscious则在句中作伴随状语，说明主语I所处的状态。 “The same，sir！”replied the Canadian. “Were you thrown into the sea when the boat crashed？” “Yes，Professor，but more fortunate than you，I was able to find safety⑲ almost immediately upon this island in the sea.Or，more correctly speaking⑳，on this large whale.Only I soon found out why my weapon had not entered its skin，but bounced off.” “Why，Ned，why？” “Because that creature is made of steel.”I moved myself quickly to the top of the being，and kicked it.It was evidently a hard，solid body.The black back that supported me was smooth，polished，nothing like an animal.The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be[7]，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.This monster was a human construction.We were lying upon the back of a sort of underwater boat.I searched all over the outside for an opening，a hole，but found nothing.At last this long night passed.Daybreak appeared.Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat.One iron plate was moved，a man appeared，uttered an odd cry，and disappeared immediately.Some moments after，eight strong men，their faces covered[8]，appeared noiselessly，and drew us down into their incredible machine. [7]画线部分为倒装语序，其正常语序为though it may be incredible. [8]画线部分为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。 ◎ 《海底两万里》 事实档案 儒勒·凡尔纳(1828—1905)，法国小说家，被誉为“科幻小说之父”。他写了一系列广受欢迎的科幻小说，包括《地心游记》(1864年)、《海底两万里》(1870年)和《八十天环游地球》(1873年)。 撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不记得自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。我会被救起吗？夜色黑沉，我看到一个黑色的物体在东方渐渐消失了。那是我们的船！我被丢下了。 “救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。我要沉下去了！我透不过气了！“救命啊！”海水灌进嘴里，我挣扎着不被淹没。突然，我感到自己被迅速拉出水面；我听见有人说：“如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。”我用一只手抓住忠仆康塞尔的胳膊。 学生用书第60页 “是你吗？”我问。 “正是我。”康塞尔回答。 “刚才的撞击把你和我一起摔入海里了吗？” “不是。但是为了服侍先生，我就跟着下来了。” 康塞尔很冷静。不过，我们的处境仍旧很糟糕。将近凌晨一点，我突然感到极度疲惫。康塞尔不得不托着我，保全我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人身上。“放开我吧！别管我了！”我对他说。 “不行！要沉也是我先沉。”他答道。 “救命啊！救命啊！”康塞尔喊道。我似乎隐约听到有人回应。没错！是有个人在回应！然后，不知道为什么我第一次想到那个奇怪的、可怕的动物！可是那是人声不假！我的力气已经消耗殆尽，手指变得僵硬；我的嘴一张一合，灌满了海水。我越来越冷。我最后一次抬起头来，之后便沉了下去。 就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。我紧紧地抓住了它；接着，我觉得有人往上拉我，把我拉出了水面，我的胸部不胀了——我双眼紧闭，失去了知觉。我很快就苏醒过来，半睁开眼睛，看到一张我立刻认出来的面孔。“尼德！”我喊道。 “正是我，先生！”加拿大人答道。 “你也是船撞击时坠入海里的吗？” “是的，教授，但比您幸运一些，我落水后几乎马上就脱险了，遇到了海里的这座小岛。或者更准确地说，是在这条大鲸鱼身上。不过，我很快就明白了为什么武器刺不穿它的皮肤，而是被弹开。” “为什么呢，尼德，为什么呢？” “因为这个生物是钢铁做的。”我迅速地爬到了它的上面，踢了一脚。显然，它是一个坚硬、结实的物体。支撑着我的黑色脊背精光溜滑，一点也不像动物。撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然可能听起来不可思议，但它似乎就像是用金属板做成的。这个怪物是人造的。我们正躺在一只潜水船的背上。我四处查找，试图找到开口、气孔，但什么也没有找到。终于，漫漫长夜过去了，天亮了。突然船内传来一阵响声，一块铁板被移开，出来一个人。这人怪叫了一声，立刻又消失不见了。过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．the Women's League for Peace　 妇女和平联盟 2．have a clear recollection of the past 对过往记忆清晰 3．a chest infection　　　　 胸部感染 4．nuclear weapons　　　　 核武器 5．bounce twice　　　　 弹起两次 6．the iron and steel industry　 钢铁工业 7．before daybreak　　　　 黎明前 ◎核心单词——练通 1．sink into the water　　　　 沉入水底 2．with ease 　　　　 轻而易举地 3．grab the child by the hand　　　 抓住孩子的手 4．be drowned at sea　　　　 淹死在海里 5．①be struck by a car　　　　 被车撞了 ②strike the table　　　　 击打桌子 ③go on strike 　　　　 举行罢工 6．a solid rock　　　　 一块坚硬的岩石 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．violent adj.强烈的；暴力的，强暴的→violence n．暴力；侵犯；激烈→violently adv.激烈地；凶猛地，暴力地 2．desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切→desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的→desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地 学生用书第61页 3．preservation n．维护；保护；保持，维持；保存→preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区 4．unconscious adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的→conscious adj.神志清醒的，有意识的；意识到→consciousness n．清醒状态；知觉 5．evidently adv.明显地，显然→evident adj.明显的；明白的→evidence n．证据；根据 6．polished adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的→polish n．上光剂；抛光；擦亮 vt.修改；润色；抛光 7．construction n．建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑→construct vt.建设；修建→constructive adj.建设性的 1．规律：动词后跟-ive变成形容词 construct vt.建设；修建＋-ive→constructive adj.建设性的 例如：effective有效果的 active积极的passive 被动的 2．规律：形容词后跟-ly变成副词 evident adj.明显的；明白的＋-ly→evidently adv.明显地，显然 例如：successfully adv.顺利地；成功地typically adv.典型地；代表性地 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．绝望地；不顾一切地　　 in desperation 2．充满　　　　 be filled with 3．取决于；依赖；依靠　　 depend on 4．熟练地；不费力地　　　 with ease 第二组　英译汉 5．hold onto　　　　 抓紧，不放开 6．for the first time　　　　 第一次 7．find out　　　　 找出，查明 8．nothing like　　　　 没有什么能比得上；一点也不像 ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　so...that...如此……以至于…… 教材原句　The crash was so violent that(如此猛烈 以至于)I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat. 2．句型公式　形容词(短语)作状语 教材原句　...my chest collapsed—my eyes closed，unconscious(失去了知觉)． 3．句型公式　though引导让步状语从句 教材原句　...and，incredible though it may be(虽然这也许不可思议)，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates. 4．句型公式　独立主格结构 教材原句　Some moments after，eight strong men，their faces covered(他们蒙着脸)，appeared noiselessly，and drew us down into their incredible machine. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切 (教材原句)“Help，help！”I shouted，swimming towards the boat in desperation. “救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。 (1)in desperation　 绝望地；不顾一切地 (2)desperate adj.　　　　 拼命的；孤注一掷的；极需要的 be desperate for sth 渴望某物 be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事 (3)desperately adv.　　　 绝望地；拼命地；极严重地；非常需要 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①My vehicle broke down halfway home，leaving me in total desperation(desperate)． ②She is desperate for money and will do anything to get it. ③Rain fell desperately(desperate)through the broken roof，matching the rhythm of her choking sobs. 学生用书第62页 ④我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者，我的确希望您能给我这个宝贵的机会。 Desperate for the chance to be a volunteer，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity. 【温馨提示】　“渴望某物/做某事”的短语还有： (1)be eager for sth/to do sth (2)be anxious for sth/to do sth (3)long for sth/to do sth (4)desire for sth/to do sth (5)be dying for sth/to do sth (6)starve for sth strike vi.&vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸n.罢工；打击 (教材原句)At this moment a hard body struck me.就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。 (1)be struck with/by　　　 被……所袭击(感动) It strikes sb that... 某人突然想起…… sth strike(s) sb＝sb strike(s) on sth 某人想到…… (2)be on strike　　　　 在罢工 单句语法填空/补全句子/一句多译 ①The waves struck(strike)the beach constantly and swept away their footprints. ②It suddenly struck me(我突然想起)that I would have something urgent to handle. ③The workers are on strike(在罢工)for higher wages. ④我被他鼓舞人心的话打动了，我决定努力提高我的英语水平。 →I was struck/stricken by his inspiring words，and I decided to make efforts to improve my English. →Struck/Stricken by his inspiring words，I decided to make efforts to improve my English.(分词作状语) 【温馨提示】　“某人突然想到……”的常用表达还有：It occurs/occurred/hits/hit sb that... 一、一词多义——sink A．n.洗涤池 B．vi.&vt.下沉　C．vi.倒下；坐下 D．vi.降低；减少 1．The ship sank to the bottom of the sea. __B__ 2．She sank back into her seat，exhausted. __C__ 3．The pound has sunk to its lowest recorded level against the dollar. __D__ 4．Don't just leave your dirty plates in the sink！ __A__ 二、熟词生义 1．Education is the only weapon to fight the spread of the disease. n.手段 2．As she waited，she steeled herself for disappointment.vt.使坚强地做(或面对) 学生用书第63页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：so...that...“如此……以至于……” (教材原句)The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat.撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不记得自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。 (1)“so/such...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句；so后通常接形容词或副词，而such修饰名词。该结构的具体形式如下： (2)在“so/such...that...”结构中，当so/such置于句首时，其所在的句子要用部分倒装结构。 对比填空(so/such)/句型转换 ①On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. ②Everyone is faced with such wonderful products every day that they find they are difficult to choose from. ③Actually，there are so many selfless people like Lei Feng around us that they well deserve our respect. ④She became so excited that she accidentally knocked over the box in an attempt to get closer. →So excited did she become that she accidentally knocked over the box in an attempt to get closer.(部分倒装) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $