1.2 第二章 动词 第1节 动词及动词短语-【教与学·广东中考夺冠】2026年中考英语课件PPT（外研版）

英 语 返回目录 返回目录 第一部分 基于语篇的语法应用篇 第二章 动 词 第1节 动词及动词短语 返回目录 返回目录 目 录 CONTENTS 01 考点导图 02 中考考点回顾 03 考点精讲精练 04 语篇考点专练 返回目录 返回目录 考点导图 返回目录 返回目录 返回目录 返回目录 返回目录 返回目录 中考考点回顾 考点 题型 考频（5年23考） 考点内容 动词词义辨析 完形填空 5年15考 2021： protect，encourage，see 2022： help，work，share 2023： draw，change，hold 2024： think，accept 2025: keep, return, start, move 动词短语辨析 完形填空 5年5考 2021： look for 2022： take away 2023： wait for 2024： lead to 2025: give away 含有动词的固定搭配 短文填空 5年1考 2022:drink tea 系动词 短文填空 5年1考 2023：might be 情态动词 语法选择 5年1考 2024： can 返回目录 返回目录 在近5年广东中考中，语法选择主要考查情态动词，可根据情态动词的意义及用法确定答案，如（2024.38）。 返回目录 返回目录 （2024） “This habit _____38_____ help Peter manage money well,” she says. A. need B. must C. can 真题解析 考查情态动词can表示“能够”。故选C。 返回目录 返回目录 在近5年广东中考中，完形填空主要考查动词词义和短语的辨析，学生需掌握常考动词（短语）的含义，并根据上下文及具体语境推断出答案,如(2024.47)1 (2025.45)2 。 返回目录 返回目录 ① （2024）Her heart is filled with joy when her idea is proved right and _____47_____ by other scientists. A. changed B. accepted C. described D. questioned 真题解析 ① 句意：当她的想法被证明是正确的且被其他科学家接受（accept）时，她的内心充满喜悦。故选B。 返回目录 返回目录 ② （2025）So, Xu bought and _____45_____ nearly 1,000 books in the following year. A. dug up B. picked up C. gave away D. threw away 真题解析 ② 句意：因此，徐先生在接下来的一年里购买并赠送了(gave away)近1 000本书。故选C。 返回目录 返回目录 在近5年广东中考中，短文填空主要考查含有动词的固定搭配：（1）根据语境或固定搭配选择合适的词，如（2022.73）1 ；（2）情态动词后接动词原形， 如（2023.69）2 。 返回目录 返回目录 ① （2022）People there like to _____73_____ tea with sugar or milk in it. 真题解析 ① 考查含有动词的固定搭配drink tea（喝茶）。因空格前有不定式符号to，所以用动词原形。故填drink。 返回目录 返回目录 ② （2023）It might _____69_____ the world's earliest form of toothbrushes.（选项：be） 真题解析 ② 考查系动词be。might是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填be。 返回目录 返回目录 考点精讲精练 1. 动词的基本形式 真题1 及物动词和不及物动词 1 基本形式 要点及变化规则 举 例 动词原形 用在情态动词、助动词、不定式符号to之后以及祈使句句首等 All passengers must wear seat belts. 所有乘客都必须系安全带。 Go and wash your hands! 去洗手！ 返回目录 返回目录 基本形式 要点及变化规则 举 例 第三人称 单数 一般情况直接加-s like→likes，stop→stops，read→reads 以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词，直接加-es miss→misses，watch→watches，wish→wishes 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-es reply→replies，cry→cries，fly→flies 不规则变化 be→is，have→has 返回目录 返回目录 基本形式 要点及变化规则 举 例 过去式和 过去分词 一般情况直接加-ed look→looked，play→played，start→started 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d live→lived，hope→hoped，use→used 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped，plan→planned，nod→nodded 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed study→studied，carry→carried，worry→worried 不规则变化 cut→cut, buy→bought 返回目录 返回目录 基本形式 要点及变化规则 举 例 现在分词 一般情况直接加-ing go→going，ask→asking，look→looking 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉e，再加-ing write→writing，make→making，take→taking 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ing get→getting，sit→sitting，put→putting 以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加-ing die→dying，lie→lying，tie→tying（初中共3个） 编者按 动词的过去式、过去分词的不规则变化详见《早读本》的“英语不规则动词归类记忆表”。 返回目录 返回目录 真题2 2. 及物动词和不及物动词的用法 行为动词根据其后能否直接跟宾语可分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)。 类 别 要 点 举 例 及物动词 动词＋宾语 I bought some books yesterday. 我昨天买了一些书。 动词＋宾语＋宾补 The sun keeps us warm. 阳光让我们温暖。 动词＋双宾语 (即直接宾语和间接宾语) My mother gave me an apple. 妈妈给了我一个苹果。 返回目录 返回目录 类 别 要 点 举 例 不及物动词 本身有完整的意思，后不接宾语 Something terrible has happened. 可怕的事发生了。 若不及物动词后要接宾语，需加入适当的介词 They live in a small house in Beijing. 他们住在北京的一所小房子里。 【注意】有的动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。 例 She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing作不及物动词) She sang an English song just now. 她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing作及物动词) 返回目录 返回目录 3. 动词短语 （1） 动词短语在意义上相当于一个行为动词，是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的短语。常见的动词短语有以下几种形式： 形 式 举 例 动词+介词 lead to导致(2024.49) worry about担心 动词+副词 take away带走(2022.42) give away赠送(2025.45) 动词+名词 take photos照相 drink tea喝茶(2022.73) 动词+名词+介词 make friends with和……交朋友 pay attention to注意 动词+副词+介词 stay away from远离 look back at回忆；回顾 动词+介词+名词 go to school去上学 go to bed上床睡觉 返回目录 返回目录 【注意】 在“动词＋副词”短语中，名词作宾语时可放在短语的中间或后面，但代词作宾语时一定要放在短语的中间。 例 He turned off all the lights when he left.=He turned all the lights off when he left.当他离开时，他关上了所有的灯。 He picked it up and gave it to me. 他捡起它，然后把它交给了我。 返回目录 返回目录 （2） 同一个动词与不同的介词或副词的搭配、不同动词与同一个介词或副词的搭配会产生不同的意义。 ①同一动词＋不同介词 / 副词。 例 get up 起床，get on 上车，get off 下车 ②不同动词＋同一介词 / 副词。 例 care for 关心，look for寻找(2021.41)，wait for等待(2023.48) 返回目录 返回目录 ■（基础过关）单项填空 ( )1. Could you please ______ it again? I didn't quite catch that.（2025四川乐山改编） A．talk B．say C．tell D.ask ( )2. We often hear “Mind your step.” when we ______ a high-speed train. （2025吉林长春) A．put off B．turn off C．get off D．cut off B C 返回目录 返回目录 ( )3. In yesterday's math lesson, our group ______ the problem after a discussion.（2025江苏宿迁） A．cut out B．worked out C．put out D．handed out ( )4. When David sees these postcards, he will ______ his wonderful travel experiences.（2025天津) A．remember B．borrow C．hate D．trust B A 返回目录 返回目录 ( )5. I want to be a doctor like my parents. They really ______ their patients. (2025江苏镇江) A. hear about B. talk about C. care about D. dream about C 返回目录 返回目录 ■（能力过关）选词填空，有两词为多余项 take put hand look think get give take 6. The government decided to ______________ action to solve this problem. (2025江苏无锡改编) 7. Don't worry about me. I can ______________ after myself. (2025甘肃金昌改编) 8. China's high-speed trains are fast and can ______________ to most of the cities. (2025西藏改编) 9. To have more classrooms, we're ______________ up a new teaching building. 10. The doctor told me to ______________ up sweets because I had a toothache. look get putting give 返回目录 返回目录 系动词 2 【概念】系动词有一定词义，但不完整，不能单独作谓语。它必须与表语一起构成系表结构，说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。 类 别 系动词及含义 举 例 状态系动词 (2023.69) be (am/is/are/was/were) 是 She is honest and kind.她诚实又善良。 感官系动词 look看起来, smell闻起来, taste尝起来, sound听起来, feel感到 The cake tastes delicious.这个蛋糕尝起来很美味。 返回目录 返回目录 类 别 系动词及含义 举 例 持续系动词 keep / stay / remain保持 She always keeps silent whenever I see her.不管我什么时候看见她，她总保持沉默。 变化系动词 become变成, get(+好坏/长短/冷热……)变得, turn(+颜色)变得 It's getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热。 表象系动词 seem好像， appear看来 You seem happy.你好像挺高兴。 返回目录 返回目录 ■（基础过关）单项填空 ( )1. Some people eat with their eyes, so they like to order what ______ nice.（2025四川乐山改编） A．looks B．smells C．tastes D.sounds ( )2． —What do you think of the chicken soup, Helen? —It ______ really good. I'd like to drink more.(2024广西改编) A．tastes B.feels C.sounds D. looks A A 返回目录 返回目录 ( )3． It makes me ______ excited to watch National Women's Volleyball Team's matches.(2024黑龙江龙东地区改编) A．feel B.smell C.taste D. seem ( )4. The weather ______ to change every day. One day is hot, then the next day is cold. A. seems B． feels C． looks D． sounds A A 返回目录 返回目录 ( )5. Now it is April. In my hometown, the weather is ______ warmer and warmer. A. growing B. getting C. keeping D. remaining B 返回目录 返回目录 ■（能力过关）选词填空，有两词为多余项 tastes feel keep taste look sound turn smell 6. The dish looks good, but when I eat it, it ______________ terrible. 7. The music from the radio ______________ really beautiful. 8. The girl in red ______________ happy today. Did she win the prize? 9. The scarf is made of silk and it ______________ soft and comfortable. 10. When spring comes，the leaves will __________ green. tastes looks feels turn 返回目录 返回目录 助动词 3 【概念】助动词本身无词义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。它只能帮助行为动词完成某些语法功能，如表示时态、语态或构成否定句、疑问句、简略答语等。 助动词 用 法 举 例 be(am/is/are/was/ were) 构成进行时态 I am studying in Canada now. 我现在正在加拿大学习。 构成被动语态 The glass was broken by Annie. 玻璃是被安妮打碎的。 返回目录 返回目录 助动词 用 法 举 例 have/has/had 构成完成时态 We have known each other for years. 我们认识很多年了。 do/does/did 构成疑问句、否定句 Do you love music？你喜欢音乐吗？ I didn't know you were coming. 我不知道你要来。 加强语气 She does love pop music. 她的确喜欢流行音乐。 代替主要动词 She dances as well as I do. 她跳舞跳得和我一样好。 shall/will 构成一般将来时 (shall常用于第一人称，will用于各种人称) Shall we go to the park tomorrow？我们明天去公园好吗？ They will go on a picnic next Sunday. 他们下个星期天要去野餐。 返回目录 返回目录 ■（基础过关）单项填空 ( )1. —China is taking action to help people manage their weight and lead healthier lives. —Yes. The government ______ a three-year “Weight Management Year” program already. (2025四川凉山) A. started B. has started C. will start B 返回目录 返回目录 ( )2. The therapy center is on High Street and it ______ been in service for over 10 years. (2025江苏无锡改编) A. have B. has C. does ( )3. —______ we go fishing this afternoon, Dad? —Sure. It ______ be sunny. A. Will; shall B. Will; won't C. Shall; will B C 返回目录 返回目录 ( )4. Ted preferred pop music when he ______ about his favorite music in the interview. A. was asked B. asked C. is asked ( )5. —______ your grandfather and grandmother read newspapers every day? —No, they ______. But my father ______. A.Does; doesn't; doesn't B.Does; don't; does C.Do; don't; does A C 返回目录 返回目录 ■（能力过关）用所给单词的适当形式填空 6. I'm sorry I didn't answer your call because I ____________________ (study) English online. 7. My hometown ______________ (change) a lot since we started to build the airport. 8. I live in Chongqing. It ______________ (call) the Mountain City. It is a “hot” city, too. was studying has changed is called 返回目录 返回目录 9. The number of students ______________ (grow) quickly over the past ten years. 10. Our city ______________ (plant) many trees and flowers next year to make our environment more beautiful. has grown will plant 返回目录 返回目录 情态动词 4 【概念】情态动词表示说话人的语气、看法或主观设想。情态动词有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，其后接动词原形。除了have to，其余情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化。 返回目录 返回目录 情态动词 含义及用法 举 例 can / could 意为“能够”，表示能力（2024.38）， could为can的过去式；可与be able to互换 He can speak French fluently. 他能讲一口流利的法语。 意为“可以”，表示请求或允许;在口语中用could表示委婉语气，答语用can —Can / Could we go home now,please?请问我们现在可以回家了吗？ —Yes,you can.是的，你们可以。 —No, you can't.不，你们不可以。 意为“可能”，表示推测； can的否定形式为can't，意为“一定不；不可能”，可能性几乎为零 Can he still be alive after all this time? 过了这么长时间，他还可能活着吗？ You've just had lunch. You can't be hungry now.你刚吃了午饭，现在不可能饿了。 返回目录 返回目录 情态动词 含义及用法 举 例 may / might 意为“可能”，表示推测，might的可能性低于may I may be late, so don't wait for me. 我可能会迟到，所以不必等我。 意为“可以”，表示请求或允许，might表示比较委婉的语气 —May I come in and wait? 我能进来等吗？ —Yes, please./ Sure./ Of course.是的，可以。/ 当然可以。 —Sorry, you can't.抱歉，不可以。 返回目录 返回目录 情态动词 含义及用法 举 例 must 意为“一定；肯定”，表示非常有把握的推测 Sorry, she's not here. She must have left already.很抱歉，她不在这里。她肯定已经离开了。 意为“必须；一定要”，强调说话人的主观看法；在must引导的一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't或don't have to —Must I pay now? 我必须现在付款吗？ —Yes,you must.是的，必须现在。 —No，you needn't./ No,you don't have to.不，不必现在。 否定形式为mustn't,意为“一定不要；禁止”，指法律、规定或形势决定某事不应发生，态度强硬 Cars mustn't park in front of the entrance.入口前面禁止停车。 返回目录 返回目录 情态动词 含义及用法 举 例 have to 意为“不得不”，强调客观需要，有人称、时态和数的变化 Nurses have to wear uniforms. 护士必须穿制服。 had better 意为“最好”，表示劝告或建议，否定形式为had better not You'd better not do that again.你最好别再那样做了。 need 意为“需要”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中；在need引导的一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must或have to,否定回答用needn't或don't have to —Need I say more? 我还需要说更多吗？ —Yes,you must./ Yes,you have to.是的，你必须。 —No,you needn't./ No,you don't have to.不，你不必。 should 意为“应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议，否定形式为shouldn't Children shouldn't be allowed to play in the street. 不应该让儿童在街上玩。 返回目录 返回目录 ( )1. The water bottle ______ be Mr.Liu's. The name on the bottle isn't his. （2025吉林长春改编) A．must B．may C．can't ( )2. —Mom, ______ I go to the cinema with my classmates this Sunday afternoon? —Yes, of course you can. （2025北京改编) A．can B．must C．need C A 返回目录 返回目录 ( )3. It is a rule that passengers ______ smoke in the high-speed railway. (2025江苏镇江改编) A. wouldn't B. needn't C. mustn't ( )4. —Lily, how is Daniel's plan for our class trip going on? —I'm not sure. It ______ be completed. I saw him working on it this morning. （2025江苏南通改编） A. may not B. shouldn't C. can't C A 返回目录 返回目录 ( )5. ______ you turn down the TV, please? I'm trying to work. (2025甘肃白银改编) A. Could B. Must C. Might 编者按 更多动词辨析及短语归纳可见于《教材梳理》，并建议结合《早读本》进行记忆。 A 返回目录 返回目录 语篇考点专练 一、语法选择 主题：下雪天帮助他人 词数：102 难度：★ 建议用时：3 mins After the winter vacation, I ____1_____move to a new city with my parents. On the first day to my new school, it ____2____cold and snowy. I ____3____ alone slowly and worrying about something in my new school. ( )1．A．could B.should C.had to ( )2．A．is B.was C.were ( )3．A．was walking B.walked C.walk C B A 返回目录 返回目录 It was early and there weren't many people on the road. Suddenly, a girl who was riding a bike in the snow fell down. She was trying hard to stand up but fell again. Without _____4_____, I went over to help her quickly. She _____5_____ “thank you” with a smile and then left. Her smile warmed me a lot. （2024黑龙江龙东地区改编） ( )4．A．thinking B.think C.to think ( )5．A．said B.says C.has said A A 返回目录 返回目录 二、完形填空 主题：改造小水池 词数：144 难度：★ 建议用时：4 mins Maddie liked everything about her new house except the little smelly pond (水池) in the back garden. “Terrible,” she said, ____1_____her nose. ( )1. A.leaving B. making C. holding D. staying C 返回目录 返回目录 “Yes, the smell is a little strong,” Maddie's dad said. “Let's ____2____what we can do about it!” “We can bring the pond back to life,” Maddie said. ( )2. A.hear B. see C. read D. write B 返回目录 返回目录 The next day, they got the water out, dug out the old soil, cleaned the sides and ____3____the dry leaves and plants around the pond. Then, they placed rocks at the bottom. After that, they bought some plants and goldfish and _____4_____ all these in their pond. ( )3. A.pointed out B. cleared out C. gave out D. found out ( )4. A.cleaned B. put C. grew D. covered B B B 返回目录 返回目录 “Hooray, we _____5_____ it,” Maddie shouted. Now, Maddie liked everything about her new house, especially the pond in the back garden! It was with hard work that she created a beautiful pond.(2025四川泸州改编) ( )5. A. made B. failed C. succeeded D. followed A 返回目录 返回目录 三、短文填空 主题：高铁试行宠物随行 词数：134 难度：★★ 建议用时：5 mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 weigh feel can test follow should be 返回目录 返回目录 China Railway is testing a new service. For the first time, passengers 1_________travel together with their pets along the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway. The new service 2________a rule of “leaving at the same time and arriving at the same time”. It makes sure that pets and their owners travel on the same train. weigh feel can test follow should be can follows 返回目录 返回目录 The service is being 3________on 10 trains now. Pet owners must buy the tickets online. It must 4____________ at least two days before the trip and then they may take one healthy, family-trained cat or dog each person. The pet must 5__________ no more than 15 kg and stand no taller than 40 cm at the shoulder. This is exciting news for pet lovers in China. If the test works well, more trains may allow pets in the future.(2025四川德阳改编) weigh feel can test follow should be tested be weigh 返回目录 返回目录 1. ___________________ 2. ___________________ 3. ___________________ 4. ___________________ 5. ___________________ can follows tested be weigh 返回目录 返回目录 四、语法选择 主题：牙刷和主人的故事 词数：206 难度：★★★ 建议用时：8 mins My name is Yoyo. I am a toothbrush with ____1_____elephant painted on my body. Jimmy ____2____my best friend. I want to share our story with you. ( )1. A. a B. an C. the ( )2. A. am B. is C. are B B 返回目录 返回目录 Two months ago, Jimmy was a boy who loved candies but didn't ____3____like brushing his teeth at all. His mother _____4_____ me for him as a gift from a supermarket. He just left me on the shelf. I felt lonely _____5_____ upset. However, eating too many candies caused Jimmy trouble and his mother took him to see a dentist. He was advised _____6_____ his teeth carefully without eating any candies. ( )3. A. to feel B. feeling C. feel ( )4. A. bought B. buys C. will buy ( )5. A. but B. and C. or ( )6. A. to brush B. brushing C. brush C A B A 返回目录 返回目录 From then on, Jimmy followed the advice and the two of us _____7_____ meet each other every day. We went out of our way to fight _____8_____ his decayed teeth (蛀牙). As time went on, Jimmy _____9_____ have a toothache any longer and came to love me. I was proud of _____10_____ for helping him out. ( )7. A. must B. could C. should ( )8. A. for B. with C. against ( )9. A. doesn't B. don't C. didn't ( )10. A. me B. myself C. I B C C B 返回目录 返回目录 At present, Jimmy is ready to brush his teeth on time. I am responsible for making his teeth tidy and strong. In return, he keeps me warm and happy. As long as we take something seriously and keep on it, a good habit can be developed as expected.(2025青海西宁改编) 返回目录 返回目录 五、完形填空 主题：嫦娥奔月 词数：182 难度：★★ 建议用时：6 mins A long time ago, there was a Chinese folk story, Chang'e Flying to the Moon. Because Hou Yi ______1______ the nine suns, the god didn't allow him and his wife Chang'e to return to Tiangong. Hou Yi had no choice but to live on the earth, feeling ____2____for his wife. ( )1. A. shot down B. looked at C. gave off D. cut up ( )2. A. happy B. sorry C. excited D. tired A B 返回目录 返回目录 Later, Hou Yi heard there was magic _____3_____. Anyone who took it could live forever. Hou Yi traveled over mountains and rivers, went through difficulties, and _____4_____ got a bit of this medicine. However, it was so little that neither of them could live forever if they _____5_____ the medicine. ( )3. A. food B. fruit C. medicine D. water ( )4. A. slowly B. easily C. quickly D. finally ( )5. A. accepted B. shared C. hid D. held C D B 返回目录 返回目录 A bad man, Pangmeng, tried to _____6_____ the medicine when Hou Yi was not at home. Chang'e ________7________ to give it to him and took it all. _____8_____, she felt herself lighter and lighter. ( )6. A. keep B. make C. send D. steal ( )7. A. agreed B. refused C. tried D. decided ( )8. A. Carefully B. Suddenly C. Successfully D. Recently D B B 返回目录 返回目录 She left the ground and slowly _____9_____ to the moon. It is said that on the full moon night, you might see Chang'e on the ________10________. Since then, people started the tradition of admiring the moon and sharing mooncakes with their families to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival.(2025西藏改编) ( )9. A. flew up B. gave up C. put up D. woke up ( )10. A. moon B. earth C. space D. planet A A 返回目录 返回目录 六、短文填空 主题：宁夏的一些特色 词数：197 难度：★★★ 建议用时：7 mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 widely of explore also with and amazing too can help know taste 返回目录 返回目录 Are you looking for an exciting vacation? How about 1___________Ningxia? Ningxia is in the northwest of China. It is an 2__________place in many ways. Tan sheep Ningxia is 3__________for Tan sheep. Grass and leaves are their favorite food. Tan sheep are treasures all over. The sheep meat 4____________ delicious. The soft wool (羊毛) is perfect for making sweaters, scarves 5__________ gloves. widely of explore also with and amazing too can help know taste exploring amazing known tastes and 返回目录 返回目录 Two special plants Goji berry (枸杞) and liquorice (甘草) are two special plants in Ningxia. They are both 6__________ used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Goji berry can 7__________ keep eyes healthy. Liquorice is usually used to stop coughing. Goji berry and liquorice are also used for cooking. Local people often put them in soup or tea. widely of explore also with and amazing too can help know taste widely help 返回目录 返回目录 Interesting places Ningxia is full 8__________ interesting places to visit. At Shapotou, you 9__________ take a sheepskin raft (羊皮筏子) on the Yellow River. For movie fans, Zhenbeibu West China Film Studio is the best choice. Chinese movies march towards the world from here. Besides, Helan Mountain is 10__________ worth visiting. You can enjoy the beautiful rock paintings and feel close to nature there. （2025宁夏改编） widely of explore also with and amazing too can help know taste of can also 返回目录 返回目录 1. _______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5. _______________ 6. _______________ 7._______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10. _______________ exploring amazing known tastes and widely help of can also 返回目录 返回目录 THANKS! 返回目录 返回目录 $