Unit 5 Natural Disasters 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第二册（重庆大学版）

高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Natural Disasters Reading Further Unit 5 Natural Disasters 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 disaster-prone /dI'za:sta(r)volunteer /vplan'tia(r)/n.reconstruction /ri:kan'strakfn/ pr3n/aj.易受灾的：多发灾者：义务工作者v.自愿做：义n.重建：重建物：复原 害的 务做 restore/r'sto:)/v.恢复；修复； predict /pri'dkt/v.预测；预报：voluntary/'vDlantri/adj.自愿复原 预言 的：志愿的：无偿的 recovery /ri'kAvari/n.恢复；康 prediction /pri'dkn/n.预测：预donate to捐赠：捐献 复：复原 报：预言 provide/pra'vaId/v.提供：供应：affect/a'fekt/v.影响：使改 forecast/'f6ka:st/v.n.预报：预给予 变；（感情上）深深打动 测：展望 provide with为…提供 effect /I'fekt/n.效果；作用；影 evacuate /I'vaekjueit/v.疏散；撤supply /s3pla/V.供应；提供；响 离：撤出 补给n.供应；供给；物资 have an effect on对…有影响 evacuation1,vakju'en/n.疏supply with为…提供物资 respond/rI'spDnd/v.回应：作出 散：撤离：撤出 shelter∫elta(r)/n.避难所；庇反应；响应 donate/daU'net/V.捐赠；捐献；护所；遮蔽物V.庇护：掩护：躲response'spDns//n.回应；反 赠予 避 应：响应 donation/dou'neifn/n.捐赠；捐accommodation,kDm3'den/respond to对…作出回应 献：捐赠物 n.住处；住宿；膳宿 door/'dana(r)/n.捐赠者；捐rebuild/ri:'bld/v.重建：改建； 献者 重新组装 词汇变形及词缀精讲 I.predict /pri'dkt/v.预测：预报：预言 词汇变形 名词形式：prediction 构词解析 前缀pre-:表“预先、提前”；后缀-dict表“说”，-tion构成名词。 同类词 predict(预言)→prediction(预言)、describe(描述)→description(描述) 例句 1 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Natural Disasters Scientists can predict the weather with advanced technology now. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册单元练习) The weather (predict)says it will rain tomorrow.(答案：prediction) 2.evacuate'vaekjueIt/v.疏散：撤离：撤出 词汇变形 名词形式：evacuation 构词解析 前缀e-(=ex-):表“出、离开”；后缀-ate构成动词，-ion构成名词。 例句 The government ordered people to evacuate the area before the storm arrived. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册阅读填空)》 The _(evacuate)of the village was completed in three hours.(evacuation) 3.donate/de'net/v.捐赠；捐献：赠予 词汇变形 名词形式：donation;捐赠者：donor 构词解析 前缀do-(=give):表“给予”；后缀-ate构成动词，-tion构成名词，-or表“人”。 固定搭配 donate to(捐赠给…) 例句 Many people donated money to the earthquake victims. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册语法填空） The local (donate)will be used to buy food and medicine.（答案：donation) 4.volunteer/.vplan't(r)/n.志愿者：v.自愿做 词汇变形 形容词形式：voluntary 构词解析 词根volunt(will):表“意志”；后缀-eer表“人”，-ary构成形容词。 例句 She decided to volunteer at the community center during the summer holiday. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册完形填空） (volunteer)work helps us understand the importance of helping others.(Voluntary) 5.provide /pr3'vaid/v.提供；供应：给予 词汇变形 近义词：supply(v.n.供应) 固定搭配 provide with（为…提供)；supply with(为…提供物资) 构词解析 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Natural Disasters 前缀pro-:表“向前、预先”；词根vid(=se):表“看见”，引申为“准备好”。 例句 The hotel provides free breakfast for all guests. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册单句改错) The company supplied us food and water during the trip.(supplied us with food) 6.rebuild/ri:bld/v.重建；改建 词汇变形 名词形式：reconstruction 构词解析 前缀re-:表“再次、重新”；词根build:表“建造”；-ion构成名词。 例句 After the fire,the villagers worked together to rebuild their homes. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册短文填空) The(rebuild)of the old town took five years.(答案：reconstruction) 7.restore/rI'sto:r)/v.恢复；修复 词汇变形 名词形式：recovery(恢复；康复) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“再次”；词根store(=keep):表“保存”，引申为“恢复原状”。 例句 Doctors tried their best to restore the patient's eyesight. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册阅读理解） The (recover）of the economy after the disaster was faster than expected.(答案：recovery) 8.affect/A'fekt/v.影响；打动 词汇变形 名词形式：effect:固定搭配：have an effect on(对…有影响) 构词解析 前缀af.(=ad-):表“向、对”；词根fect(=do):表“做”，引申为“作用”。 例句 Pollution can affect people's health in many ways. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册语法填空） The new policy will have a great(affect)on our daily life.(effect) 9.respond /rI'sppnd/v.回应：作出反应 词汇变形 名词形式：response:固定搭配：respond to(对…作出回应) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“回、再”；词根spond(promise):表“承诺”，引申为“回应”。 例句 3 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Natural Disasters The government must respond to the public's concerns about safety. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册补全对话） We need to give a quick _(respond)to their email..(答案：response) 10.disaster-.prone/dr'za:sta(r)praun/adj.易受灾的 构词解析 前缀dis:表“否定、坏”；词根aster(=star):表“星星”，古代认为灾星降临为“灾难”(disaster): 后缀-prone:表“易于…的”。 同类词 accident--prone(易出事故的) 例句 This area is disaster-prone,so people have to prepare for earthquakes often 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册词汇匹配） disaster-prone→__（答案：易受灾的） 11.accommodation/A,kDm3'den/n.住处：住宿 词汇变形 动词形式：accommodate(容纳：提供住宿) 构词解析 前缀ac-(=ad-):表“向”；词根commod(=fit):表“合适的”；后缀-ion构成名词。 例句 The hotel offers comfortable accommodation for tourists. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册书面表达) We need to book (accommodate))for five people in advance.(答案：accommodation) 12.affect vs.effect 辨析 affect(v.):影响（直接作用于某人/某物）：effect(n.):影响（结果或效果）。 固定搭配 have an effect on(对…产生影响) 例句 The noise affected my sleep,and it had a bad effect on my work the next day. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册语法填空） The medicine has no (affect)on his illness.（答案：effect) 13.response vs.respond 辨析 respond(v.):作出回应；response(n.):回应的内容或行为。 固定搭配 respond to(对…回应)：in response to（作为对…的回应) 例句 He didn't respond to my question,so I had to repeat it. X 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Natural Disasters 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册阅读理解） Her (respond)to the crisis surprised everyone.(答案：response) 14.recovery/r'kAvari/n.恢复；康复 词汇变形 动词形式：recover(恢复；康复) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“再次”：词根cover(=take):表“拿回来”，引申为“恢复”。 例句 The patient's recovery was faster than the doctor expected. 真题链接（重庆大学版高中必修第二册完形填空） After a long_ (ecover),he finally returned to work.(答案：recovery) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The government organized the (of residents before the flood. 7.Many students want to be(to help the elderly in the community. 8.After the earthquake,the (重建)of the town took three years. 9.The hotel provides comfortable (住宿)for all guests.. l0.This_(易受灾的)area needs better disaster prevention measures. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.The weather _(predict)says there will be heavy rain tomorrow. 7.Local people made many(donate)to the disaster relief fund. 8.The doctor's efforts led to the patient's quick(recover). 9.The new policy will have a great (effect)on environmental protection 10.We need to give a quick _(respond)to their email. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 6.科学家可以用先进技术预测天气。 Scientists can the weather with advanced technology. 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Natural Disasters 7.这家公司为贫困儿童提供食物和衣服。 The company food and clothes poor children. 8.志愿者工作帮助我们理解帮助他人的重要性。 work helps us understand the importance of helping others. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A (disaster-prone)area often faces natural challenges.When a storm comes,the government orders people to(evacuate)immediately.After the disaster,(volunteer)usually arrive to help.They (donate)money and supplies,andhelp with the (reconstruct)ofhomes.Doc- tors work to (restore)patients'health,while psychologists help people recover from trauma. The (respond)from the public is always warm,and the (affect)of their efforts is obvious -communities rebuild stronger than before. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.evacuation 7.volunteers 8.reconstruction 9.accommodation 10.disaster-prone Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.prediction 7.donations 8.recovery 9.effect 10.response II.完成句子 6.predict 7.provides;for 8.Voluntary V.语篇填空 1.disaster-prone 2.evacuate 3.volunteers 4.donate 5.reconstruction 6.restore 7 response 8.effect 6