2.10 主题十 灾害防范与宇宙探索 -【教与学·广东中考夺冠】2026年中考英语课件PPT（人教版）

英 语 第二部分 基于主题探究的核心素养篇 主题十 灾害防范与宇宙探索 Part 1 主题核心词汇 编者按 该部分详见于《教材主题梳理 背诵本》主题十，建议结合本主题内容进行学习和记忆。 Part 2 主题阶梯训练 一阶 1 基础能力检测篇 一、语法选择 主题：太空生活 词数：200 难度：★★ 建议用时：6 mins Shenzhou-20's mission has made many people curious about astronauts' work． The astronauts of Shenzhou-20—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie—worked for about eight hours and completed ____1____first space walk on May 22nd． What is the life like in space? ( )1． A． a B． an C． the C After a long day at work, astronauts ____2____dinners． In space, some foods can ____3____in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits． ____4____foods require an oven to heat． ( )2． A． will have B． had C． have had ( )3． A． eat B． be eaten C． are eaten ( )4． A． Other B． Others C． Another A B A After dinner, astronauts have a rest, brush teeth ____5____go to bed, just like on the earth． When going to sleep, they have to tie ____6____, so they don't float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies on something． They usually use sleeping bags that are put in a small cabin． Generally, astronauts have an eight-hour sleep each day after they finish their task． ( )5． A． but B． and C． so ( )6． A． them B． themselves C． they B B Exercise is also an important part of every astronaut's daily life．On average, they exercise two hours every day ____7____healthy． Lifting 200 ____8____may be a lot of work on the earth． But lifting that same object in space would be much ____9____． That means sports equipment needs to be ____10____designed． Therefore, astronauts can receive the exercise needed．(2025四川南充改编) ( )7． A． kept B． keeping C． to keep ( )8． A． pound B． pounds C． pound's ( )9． A． easy B． easier C． the easiest ( )10． A． specially B． special C． specialty C B B A 二、完形填空 主题：中国载人航天工程代表团进港澳校园 词数：201 难度：★★ 建议用时：7 mins A group of Chinese astronauts visited Hong Kong and Macao in China． They met with young people there and ____1____them to have a dream of space exploration (探索)． ( )1． A． asked B． encouraged C． marked D． allowed B During the ____2____, the group of Chinese astronauts went to many middle schools and two universities in Hong Kong． They also ____3____a talk in Macao and met thousands of students in both places． ( )2． A． exercise B． time C． talk D． visit ( )3． A． found B． gave C． saved D． published D B “The Chinese space station is like a home for the motherland in ____4____,” Chen Dong said． He is one of the Shenzhou-14 astronauts． He ____5____that he will see people from Hong Kong and Macao in the Chinese space station in the future． ( )4． A． space B． oceans C． planes D． earth ( )5． A． imagines B． guesses C． hopes D． wonders A C During a special show, Shum, a Hong Kong middle school student, felt really ____6____to meet the astronauts． She thinks that the astronauts are ____7____heroes． “I ____8____our country and this makes me even more interested in space,” Shum said． ( )6． A． unhappy B． sad C． worried D． excited ( )7． A． born B． true C． right D． fair ( )8． A． am sure about B． am strict with C． am proud of D． am afraid of D B C “The visit is special and important for ____9____,”the chief executive of the Macao SAR (澳门特别行政区行政长官) said． He thinks that China has taken the education of science and technology ____10____． The visit to Hong Kong and Macao was really successful． ( )9． A． teachers B． students C． tourists D． officers ( )10． A． seriously B． safely C． bravely D． politely B A 三、短文填空 主题：缅甸北部地震 词数：207 难度：★★ 建议用时：7 mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 difference on medicine because in suddenly help die they be strong you Did you feel the earthquake? 1________March 28th, a 7．9-magnitude earthquake hit northern Myanmar (缅甸), which brought terrible experiences to the people there． The earthquake started near the Myanmar-China border． It made a big 2___________to people's life there． Many houses and buildings 3_____________fell down, and thousands of people were in danger． Sadly, about 3,400 people 4___________． It's reported that it was the 5___________earthquake in the beginning of 2025． difference on medicine because in suddenly help die they be strong you On difference suddenly died strongest After the earthquake, people from all directions offered a helping hand． Volunteers from nearby cities tried hard to 6________． They gave out food, water and 7______________to people in need． Local people also took risks to tell each other the moment they realized there was an earthquake． What they did in times of difficulty brought people warmth and courage． difference on medicine because in suddenly help die they be strong you help medicine Scientists said there might 8________more small quakes later in Myanmar． Then what can people do to save 9_______________? Different people said differently． “In my opinion, we should build more strong houses to protect us 10______________most buildings in Myanmar are not strong enough,” said Dr．Aung． “We need to practice safety drills (安全演习) every year,” said a teacher． “All students should know how to care for themselves during earthquakes．” difference on medicine because in suddenly help die they be strong you be themselves because 1. _______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5. _______________ 6. _______________ 7._______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10. _______________ On difference suddenly died strongest help medicine be themselves because 一、阅读理解(A篇) 主题：台风安全指南 词数：204 难度：★★ 建议用时：7 mins B Strong winds and heavy rain from typhoons often bring danger to people． Follow the advice to stay safe when a typhoon is coming． Check the news for weather and warnings If a typhoon comes, there are four warning signals (blue, yellow, orange and red) that are reported on radio or television for the public． Among them, the red typhoon warning is the highest level, which means the situation is the most serious． Make necessary preparations ●Keep enough food and drinking water ready． Flashlights are also needed． ●Prepare medicine if someone in your family is sick． ●Check your house for any repairs needed． ●Don't forget the power bank in case your phone runs out of power． ●Bring outdoor things (like flowerpots and bicycles) inside． Keep away from dangerous areas ●Do not stay in old and dangerous buildings． ●Go to a higher ground if you are in a low-lying area． ________ ▲________ ●Do not leave your home． Stop the travel plan and put off outdoor activities． ●Check if you close windows and doors． ●Wait indoors and keep away from windows． If you have questions or need help, contact your local police station． Stay calm, follow instructions and protect your life! ( )1． Which kind of the following warning means the situation is the most dangerous? D ( )2． (创新题·细节多选) According to the passage, what do we need to prepare for the coming typhoon? ①Food and water． ②The power bank． ③Flashlights． ④A sleeping bag． A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ A ( )3． What are people advised to do when the typhoon comes? A．To leave their pets outside． B．To go to a low-lying area． C．To stay in old buildings． D．To check the house for repairs needed． D ( )4． Which of the following can be put in “________ ▲________ ”? A．Check out outdoor things B．Stay safe inside C．Organize indoor activities D．Make a get-out plan B ( )5． What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce how a typhoon moves． B．To report the result of a typhoon． C．To provide the safety guide for typhoons． D．To explain the cause of typhoons． C 二、阅读理解(B篇) 主题：土星周围新发现128颗卫星 词数：218 难度：★★★ 建议用时：8 mins Saturn (土星) is famous for the beautiful rings around it． Now, it's getting attention for being even more amazing． Scientists have discovered 128 new moons around Saturn, bringing the planet's total to 274． A moon is any naturally formed object that moves around a planet． Moons come in different shapes and sizes． Most of these newly discovered moons are small objects, just one or two miles wide． This is very different from the earth's large moon． These space rocks are also in unusual orbits (轨道)． They go around Saturn in the opposite direction and are located very far away from the ringed planet． Why does Saturn have so many moons? ____ ▲_____ They believe that several billion years ago, the giant planet's gravity attracted (吸引) some rocks and ice． Over time, some of them crashed against each other, breaking into smaller pieces or coming together to create many small moons． The new moons were first discovered in 2023 by a team of scientists led by Edward Ashton． This makes Saturn the “moon king” of the solar system, with Jupiter (木星) now in the second place with 95 moons． However, Dr．Ashton believes this might be the limit for moon discovery． “I don't think Jupiter will ever catch up,” he said． “With present technology, I don't think we can do better than what has already been done．” (2025 江苏连云港改编) ( )1． (跨学科·数学) How many moons did Saturn have before the discovery of the 128 new moons? A．95． B．128． C．146． D．274． ( )2． What do we know about the newly discovered moons? A．They all look the same． B．Most of them are just 1 or 2 cm wide． C．They go around the earth． D．They are in unusual orbits． C D ( )3． Which of the following can be put in “________ ▲________ ” in Paragraph 3? A．Scientists think that Saturn is a very cold planet． B．Scientists think that Saturn's rings are made of ice． C．Scientists think that Saturn's gravity plays a key role． D． Scientists are still looking for answers． C ( )4． What does the underlined word “crashed” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Fell． B．Hit． C．Appeared． D．Covered． ( )5． What can we learn from Dr．Ashton's words in the last paragraph? A．Jupiter will soon catch up with Saturn． B．Saturn's new moons might support life． C．His team received a medal because of the discovery． D．He is satisfied with their moon discovery． B D 三、阅读理解(C篇) 主题：自然与宇宙 词数：293 难度：★★★ 建议用时：9 mins 配对阅读。左栏是五个人阅读新闻后的评论，右栏是七则新闻，请为每则评论匹配对应的新闻，并将其字母编号填写在题号前的括号内。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A． Chinese weather forecasters have warned of the freezing conditions in the north of the country, including the capital Beijing． Many provinces have been hit by blizzards (暴风雪)． B． The police are looking for a man in his early twenties who broke into a bank in the early hours this morning． Anyone who has any information, please give further details to the police． C． Chinese scientists have found a mineral(矿物质) enriched with water in lunar soil samples(月球土壤样本) returned from the moon by the Chang'e 5 mission． D． At least 118 people have been killed and another 220 injured following an earthquake on Monday night, state media reported． E． China reported that Shenzhou-19 manned spaceflight mission was a complete success after the three astronauts landed on earth on April 30th． F． Cities and towns here are facing heavy flooding． Places in the west and north were hit hard． There were also reports of flooding in the east． G． Climate change is harming the earth greatly． It's reported that people on a Pacific island have to leave their homes because the sea level is rising rapidly． ( )1． The discovery shows that there may be water on the moon． This may help scientists make sure if life ever existed(存在) there． ( )2． As a Chinese, I am so proud of the exploration of space． But it's more important to make sure the astronauts come back home safely． ( )3． It's such a pity that there is much snow in Beijing． I think I have to change my plan there for the next few days． C E A ( )4． The earthquake doesn't kill people, but the building does． We need to try something new in buildings to cut down the number of earthquake-killing． ( )5． I have experienced flooding before． Best wishes for people in that country． D F 一、语法选择 主题：学生成功发射自制火箭 词数：221 难度：★★★ 建议用时：8 mins Yan Hongsen is a student from Zhejiang Province． He ____1____a space lover since he was four． And after he entered primary school, he even gave his classmates a lesson ____2____rockets at an opening ceremony． Because of that, all of his friends called him “rocket boy”． ( )1． A． was B． is C． has been ( )2． A． in B． about C． with C B In 2022, Yan pointed out a rocket was wrongly named in ____3____educational video that was shown to visitors at a planetarium (天文馆) in Lhasa． The planetarium corrected the mistake at once and thanked him． ( )3． A． / B． a C． an C In the very same year, Yan made a decision ____4____his own rocket． Through countless hours of hard work, problem-solving, and innovation, he finally completed his ____5____rocket, marking the beginning of an exciting new chapter in his life． ( )4． A． build B． building C． to build ( )5． A． first B． the first C． one C A That rocket only traveled 200 meters in the air and then began to fall, and didn't open ____6____parachute(降落伞)at the highest point． That day, Yan was ____7____but unsatisfied． He wanted to know ____8____he failed, so he did some research and made changes in his choice of materials． Later, he launched (发射) his second rocket ____9____． ( )6． A． its B． itself C． it ( )7． A． excite B． exciting C． excited ( )8． A． why B． when C． what ( )9． A． success B． successful C． successfully A C A C According to Yan's father, Yan is busy with his schoolwork like other ____10____． His father believes that parents should leave more space for children to achieve their dreams． Meanwhile, parents should give them enough support． (2025黑龙江齐齐哈尔改编) ( )10． A． kid B． kids C． kids' B 二、完形填空 主题：北京遭遇百年来最强降雨 词数：221 难度：★★★ 建议用时：8 mins Over the past few days, Beijing has seen the heaviest rainfall since records began 140 years ago． Flood ____1____bridges and railways． It also killed at least 30 people and forced thousands of people out of their ____2____in the north of China． ( )1．A．blew away B．washed away C．put away D．ran away ( )2．A．home B．school C．country D．office B A Zhao Zhansheng is a volunteer． He prepared a local food of his hometown in Zhuozhou, Hebei． This ____3____of food is called hand-pulled huimian noodles． He ____4____local people and rescuers (救援人员) passing by to have a meal． “My other team members are ____5____with rescuing people in need． They worked even harder than me． My role is to provide ____6____,” Zhao said． ( )3．A．number B．place C．kind D．price ( )4．A．stopped B．thought C．refused D．invited ( )5．A．disappointedB．strict C．angry D．busy ( )6．A．support B．money C．fun D．time C D D A Soldiers also joined the rescue task． They cleared the main roads ____7____the factory and the village in Fangshan． One of the soldiers, Song said, “Clearing the streets might not be the most challenging task, but it can help people ____8____to normal life as soon as possible． ( )7．A．belonging to B．going on C．leading to D．cutting off ( )8．A．point B．return C．come D．practice C B Many soldiers fell asleep on the journey back because they were _______9_______, but their enthusiasm (热情) for work remained high the next day．” After a flood, bad food or unsafe water can ____10____cause sickness． Therefore, people should boil water before drinking or cooking． This helps prevent illness． ( )9．A．tired B．thirsty C．bored D．excited ( )10．A．easily B．warmly C．difficultly D．safely A A 三、短文填空 主题：“中国航天之父”钱学森 词数：217 难度：★★★ 建议用时：8 mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 although bear brave give hard it love much study to travel year Qian Xuesen was a great scientist． He is known as “the Father of China's Space Program” and “the King of the Rocket”． Thanks 1__________his research, China's space technology has progressed in a rapid way． Qian was 2__________in Shanghai on December 11th, 1911． At the age of 24, he went to America to 3______________． After graduation, he worked in America for a few 4__________． In the early 1950s, he heard that New China had been founded, and he decided to 5__________up the good working conditions in America． 6______________the American government tried to stop him from leaving, he succeeded in coming back to China in 1955． although bear brave give hard it love much study to travel year to born study years give Although In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested starting a special organization． Then 7________became the leading organization for China's rocket and air travel． At that time, the conditions in China were very 8__________． But Qian and his team still faced the difficulties 9__________． On April 24th, 1970, China's first man-made satellite (卫星) was successfully sent into the air． A student of Qian Xuesen, Zhu Yilin, once said, “I learned a lot from Mr．Qian, such as working spirit． I sensed his deep 10________for our country, too． When New China needed scientists badly, he returned to help in the rocket industry．” although bear brave give hard it love much study to travel year it hard bravely love 1. _______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5. _______________ 6. _______________ 7._______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10. _______________ to born study years give Although it hard bravely love 四、阅读理解(A篇) 主题：中国科技新动态 词数：220 难度：★★★ 建议用时：8 mins Raising Fish in Space The Shenzhou-18 crew (乘组) brought a fish tank (鱼缸) filled with water to the space station． Four zebrafish and algae (水藻) lived inside it． The algae gave the fish oxygen, keeping them alive． The tank could feed the fish, control the temperature and lighting, and collect fish eggs by itself． This mission was special because it marked China's first space-based study of water ecosystems． ________ ▲________ No matter where you are in the world, the BDS (Beidou Navigation Satellite System) can help and guide your way． The BDS is the first navigation satellite system to provide a global short message communication service． In February, 2023, a hiker got lost in heavy snow in Inner Mongolia． He sent a text message using the BDS-powered chip (芯片) in his phone and got rescued in time． Work Against the Cold In the white, icy world of Antarctica (南极), Chinese scientists worked hard in the freezing cold to do research． Scientists did tests on greenhouse gases and the ozone(臭氧层)in Antarctica． They wanted to see how climate change is affecting the area． “The hardest part of working in Antarctica was dealing with ‘surprises’ from the weather，” said one of the team members． ( )1． (创新题·细节多选) What could the fish tank do by itself? ①Provide oxygen． ②Feed the fish． ③Collect fish eggs． ④Control the temperature． ⑤Produce water． ⑥Study water ecosystems． A．①②③ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．④⑤⑥ B ( )2． Which of the following can be put in “________ ▲________ ”? A．Send Text Messages Right Now B．Global Short Message Service C．Lead the Way with Beidou D．Be Saved in Time ( )3． What can we know about Antarctica? A． The weather there is cold and icy． B． It isn't affected by climate change． C． Scientists couldn't do any research there． D． The weather there is normal． C A ( )4． What can we infer from all the news above? A．Nobody will be lost in the future． B．Science covers different fields． C．Fish can live freely in the space． D．Scientists hardly deal with the weather． ( )5． In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．Custom & Culture． B．People & History． C．Sports & Events． D．Science & Technology． B D 一、完形填空 主题：美国加州野火蔓延 词数：247 难度：★★★ 建议用时：8 mins Recently, the wildfires in California, USA have caught the world's eye． On January 7th, 2025, a fire started near Palisades (帕利塞兹) in western Los Angeles County． Later, the fire ____1____quickly eastward because of the strong Santa Ana winds (圣安娜风)． ( )1．A．ran B．spread C．flew D．arrived B By January 13th, the ____2____was really bad． 24 people lost their lives and 16 were missing． Local wildlife was also hit hard, with many birds and small animals losing their homes． In just a few days, more than 12,300 buildings, including many homes, were burned down． Universities had to close, and lots of people became ____3____． What's worse, 105 fires broke out across the area, and the ____4____burned area reached 162．68 square kilometers． ( )2．A．instruction B．position C．operation D．situation ( )3．A．useless B．careless C．homeless D．fearless ( )4．A．total B．special C．normal D．usual D C A The local government and firefighters worked hard． Firefighters from nearby areas and other countries ____5____． They worked day and night without much rest, trying to stop the fire from spreading further． They used helicopters (直升机) and fire trucks． But the strong winds and large burned areas made it very difficult to ____6____the fires． ( )5．A．took in B．moved in C．joined in D．dropped in ( )6．A．put out B．put up C．take away D．take out C A These California wildfires are really terrible． They should be a(n) ____7____to people all over the world． Although we live far away from California, we all share the ____8____earth． We need to get along ____9____with nature． For example, we can save water and electricity, and ____10____forests and grasslands． Let's work together to keep our earth beautiful and peaceful． ( )7．A．warning B．example C．noticeD．suggestion ( )8．A．different B．crazy C．small D．same ( )9．A．late B．badly C．well D．alone ( )10．A．build B．protect C．plant D．improve A D C B 二、短文填空 主题：中国国际搜救队 词数：283 难度：★★★★ 建议用时：10 mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 win save mistake task strong out bring show when even dangerous first The China International Search and Rescue (救援) Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001． It 1_______________ help and hope to those whose lives are changed by a storm, an earthquake, or any other natural disaster． After long and careful training, the Chinese team went on its 2__________ international rescue tasks in 2003． win save mistake task strong out bring show when even dangerous first brings first That year, the team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran． It was the first time that the CISAR had worked outside China, and the team 3__________ high praise for their bravery and skill． Since then, the CISAR has completed lots of rescue 4__________—they braved (勇敢面对) terrible conditions to rescue people in Indonesia, Haiti and Pakistan． win save mistake task strong out bring show when even dangerous first won tasks Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries (伤痛), and hand5__________food, water and other things． They have to be able to do difficult work when it is very 6______________． For example, there is usually no electricity or water after a disaster, and there may be illnesses and accidents． Rescue workers get to save lives, but they must also deal with the dead． That means they have to be 7__________ in both body and mind． Rescue workers must have big hearts, too． win save mistake task strong out bring show when even dangerous first out dangerous strong It takes lots of love and courage to risk their own lives to 8______________ someone else's． The members of the CISAR are always ready to help 9______________disasters happen． Rescue workers leave their homes and families for a job that offers little pay and less sleep． We can't imagine how much they have sacrificed (牺牲)． We 10_____________don't know most of their names． They are really heroes! win save mistake task strong out bring show when even dangerous first save when even 1. _______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5. _______________ 6. _______________ 7._______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10. _______________ brings first won tasks out dangerous strong save when even 三、阅读理解(B篇) 主题：自然灾害的威力与应对 词数：271 难度：★★★★ 建议用时：12 mins Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, rainstorms and strong winds, can be very terrible． On March 31st, 2024, strong winds hit Nanchang, Jiangxi Province． The strong winds broke the windows into pieces． Some roofs were even blown off． ____ ▲___What's worse, the winds blew off three people sleeping at home, causing their deaths． This horrible disaster was mainly caused by funnelling (狭管效应)． When an earthquake happens, the ground and buildings will shake terribly． In serious situations, buildings may even fall down and people will be buried． Recently, in Taiwan, China, a terrible earthquake rocked the island on April 3rd． At least nine people were killed and hundreds of people were hurt． Another example is rainstorms． They can cause floods in many places． Dubai (迪拜) lies on the coast of Persian Gulf and in the northeast of the U．A．E．(阿联酋) with a long and beautiful coastline． It doesn't rain a lot． But on April 16th, a big rainstorm hit Dubai． It rained so much in just 12 hours that it was like a whole year's worth of rain． The heavy rain flooded roads, shopping malls, and even airports, causing a lot of damage． To better deal with natural disasters, we need to make our disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief coordination system (防灾救灾机制) better． Also, people should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters． But most importantly, we should realize that we are not the master of nature． We need to respect it． ( )1． Which of the following can be put in “________ ▲________ ” in Paragraph 2? A． The local government quickly provided help． B． More than 1,600 trees were blown down overnight． C． Actually, the winds were not as strong as people thought． D． Luckily, no one was hurt in this disaster． B ( )2． What does the underlined word “horrible” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A． Pleasant． B． Terrible． C． Safe． D． Smooth． ( )3． What happened in Dubai on April 16th? A． A fire． B． Strong winds． C． An earthquake． D． A rainstorm． B D ( )4． How many pieces of news about natural disasters are mentioned? A． Two． B． Three． C． Four． D． Five． ( )5． (创新题·推断文章后续发展) What might be talked about in the following paragraph? A． Why natural disasters can take away people's lives． B． How we can respect nature and live better with it． C． Where we can learn about different natural disasters． D． Which kind of natural disasters is the most dangerous． B B 【拓展练习】再次阅读短文，回答下列五个问题，并把答案写在横线上。 6． What was the strong wind disaster mainly caused by in Nanchang? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 7． When did the earthquake happen in Taiwan, China? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ The strong wind disaster / It was mainly caused by funnelling． / Funnelling． The earthquake / It happened in Taiwan, China on April 3rd． / On April 3rd． 8． How many people died in the earthquake in Taiwan, China? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 9． (新考法·一般选择疑问句) Does Dubai lie in the northwest or northeast of the U．A．E．? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ At least nine / 9 people died in the earthquake in Taiwan, China． / At least nine / 9． Dubai / It lies in the northeast of the U．A．E． / In the northeast of the U．A．E． 10． What should people learn when facing natural disasters according to the last paragraph? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ People / They should learn ways to protect themselves when facing natural disasters． / Ways to protect themselves． A．回答问题 主题：极端高温天气 词数：251 难度：★★★★ 建议用时：12 mins 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题，并将答案写在横线上。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 It was reported that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961． The average temperature in the country reached 10．92℃ last year, which is 1．03℃ higher than the usual average, according to official records． Part 3 热点话题读写训练 Global warming is the main reason for China's higher-than-normal temperatures． It has caused rising sea levels, melting ice, and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heat waves and fewer cold days． Besides, the El Nio phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象)—the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures． A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature． Sea levels may rise by 2．3 meters over time, putting coastal areas in danger． Higher temperatures also harm wild crops and bring more pests (害虫)． Some animals and plants may die out because they cannot get used to the heat quickly． Higher temperatures may temporarily increase crop production in some places． However, in the long term, farming will face bigger changes and possible decreases． Illnesses related to heat, like heatstroke (热射病), are becoming more common． Longer heat waves lead to higher death rates, showing the need for better healthcare and ways to prevent harm． The year 2025 seems to continue with higher-than-normal temperatures． On New Year's Day, temperatures in areas south of the Yangtze River were over 15℃, far from the cold usually expected in winter． To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to follow and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks． 1． (新考法·一般选择疑问句) Was 2024 the hottest or coldest year since 1961? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 2． How many reasons are mentioned for China's higher-than-normal temperatures? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 2024 / It was the hottest year since 1961． / The hottest year． Two / 2 reasons are mentioned for China's higher-than-normal temperatures． / Two / 2． 3． Why may some animals and plants die out under high temperatures? ______________________________________________________________ 4． What were the temperatures in areas south of the Yangtze River on January 1st, 2025? ______________________________________________________________ 5． What do experts suggest doing to deal with the problems of higher temperatures? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Because they cannot get used to the heat quickly． The temperatures were over 15℃． / Over 15℃． Experts / They suggest developing technology to follow and predict extreme weather (like heat waves)． 佳词佳句积累： 1．根据 ________________________ 2． 全球变暖 ________________________ 3．对……有巨大影响 ________________________________________ 4． 处于危险中 ___________________________ 5． 灭绝 __________________________ 6． 习惯于 ___________________________ 7． 导致 ___________________________ 8． 处理；解决 ___________________________ according to global warming have a strong influence on in danger die out get used to lead to deal with 9． 气温升高1℃会对自然界产生巨大影响。 ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 10． 一些动植物可能会因为无法快速适应高温而灭绝。 ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature． Some animals and plants may die out because they cannot get used to the heat quickly． 写作提升：使用所给短语及参考其在范文中的句子，根据中文提示，翻译句子。 1．暴风雨会给人们的生活带来巨大影响。(have a strong influence on) ______________________________________________________________ 2．短时间内大量降雨可能会引发洪水。(lead to) ______________________________________________________________ Rainstorm has a strong influence on people's lives． Heavy rain in a short time may lead to floods． B．书面表达 近年来，各类自然灾害频发，对人类和自然界均造成了深远影响。假设你是李华，你校英文论坛正在开展以“自然灾害的影响”为主题的讨论活动，请你根据以下思维导图的提示，写一篇短文参与本次主题讨论。 注意： (1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 (2)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和学生的真实姓名。 (3)语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Nowadays, we are facing more and more natural disasters, such as____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ floods and earthquakes, which may cause great damage． Natural disasters have a big influence on both humans and nature． On the one hand, houses may fall down during disasters like earthquakes． Heavy rainstorms can flood roads and stop us from going to school or work． Those disasters may even cause deaths． On the other hand, disasters like floods can wash away forests that are home to many birds and other animals． ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ So it's very important to take action to prevent natural disasters． For example, we should plant more trees to hold soil and reduce flood risks． Besides, the government can develop technology to predict natural disasters． 【语言点拨】(以下单词、短语及句子仅供参考，旨在帮助同学们升级文章的语言表达) 1． 常见的自然灾害： earthquake 地震 flood 洪水 high temperature 高温 typhoon 台风 2． 自然灾害对人类与自然界的影响： fall down 摔倒；倒塌 lose one's home 丢失家园 have an influence / effect on 对……有影响 lose one's life 失去生命 block the traffic 阻碍交通 out of water / power 停水 / 停电 economy loss 经济损失 The powerful typhoon may sweep across the city, breaking windows and leaving the whole area in a mess．强大的台风可能会席卷整座城市，吹破窗户，并让整个地区一片混乱。 3． 预防措施： stop … from … 防止……发生…… be careful of … 对……小心 keep calm 保持冷静 cut down 砍倒 make posters制作海报 plant trees 种树 protect wild animals 保护野生动物 in one's view 在某人看来 deal / do with 处理 make decisions 做决定 3． 预防措施： It's time for us to take action to protect ourselves and our planet．我们是时候采取行动保护自己和我们的星球了。 We should plant more trees to make our earth greener and healthier．我们应该种更多的树，让我们的地球更绿色、更健康。 【写作评价】 互评标记：好词 / 好句： 漏词： 错词： 删除：\ 对调： 问题：( )? 评分标准 注：根据以上标准, 语言分划分为五个档次(详见本书的“附录1 书面表达评分标准”) 写作建议：______________________________________________________________________ 分 项 自评分 互评分 老师评分 内容分 (6分) 列举两种常见的自然灾害(1分) 列举自然灾害对人类与自然界的影响(3分) 提出预防自然灾害的措施(2分) 语言分 (9分) ●内容是否表达准确、意思连贯、符合逻辑 ●语言是否有错误(拼写、语法和标点等, 具体可参考“附录2 作文错误自检表”) 总分(15分) THANKS! $