Unit 2 The Universal Language二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第一册（译林版）

高中英语译林版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 词汇精讲 Unit 2 The Universal Language 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 *Austrian/'Dstrian/adj.奥地利 sorrow/'sDra/n.悲伤，悲痛；*breeze/bri:z/n.微风，和风 的，奥地利人的 伤心事 guarantee/,garan'ti/t.保证， composer /kam'p3Uza()/n.作曲*grave/grerv//n.坟墓；死亡，去担保：确保：为（产品）提供保 家，作曲者 世：adj.严重的：严肃的 修：n.保证，担保：保修单 symphony/'simfani/n.交响乐，transform/rens'f:m/vi.&t.jazz/d3ez/n.爵士乐 交响曲 (使)变形，（使）改观，（使）转化arch /a:tf/n.拱门，拱 *concerto /kan't3ta/n.协奏曲forever/f3'reva()/adv.永远；长adaptation/,edep'ten/n.改编 *Polish/paulf/adj..波兰的，波久地：老是 本，改写本：适应 兰人的，波兰语的 combine /kam'bamn/vt.vi.communist /'kpmjanist/adj. compose /kam'pzt.&vi.作融合：（使）结合，（使）混合；兼产主义的：n.共产主义者 曲：组成；撰写；使镇静 做：合并 *invader /i'veIda(r)/n.武装入 deserve/dz3v/t.值得，应得reyr'la/on依赖，依靠；信任侵的军队（或国家），侵略者 tear apart使（关系密切的人）分blues /blu:z/n.(the blues)布鲁consist /kan'sIst/of由…组成（或 离，分开 斯音乐，蓝调：忧郁，悲伤构成) pleasant/'pleznt/.adj.令人愉快folk /fauk/adj.民间的，民俗的；defend/d'fend/t.&vi.保护， 的，可喜的：友好的，和善的n.民间音乐；人们：各位：家人防御：辩护，辩解 whisper/wIsp3()/i.&t.耳tune/tju:n/n.曲调，曲子；t.*solo/'saulac/n.独奏，独唱： 语，低语：私下说，沙沙作响：调音；调频道；调整 adj.独自的；独唱的，独奏的 n.低语，轻柔的声音：传言 *yric /'liik/n.歌词：抒情诗；flow /flao/vi.流，流动；充满： dramatic/r3'maetik/adj..激动adj.抒情的；吟唱的 涨起：n.流，流动：连贯：涨潮 人心的，引人注目的：突然的：throw in奉送，额外赠送 *spacecraft /'speiskra:ft/n.(pl. 戏剧的：夸张的 for good measure作为额外增添spacecraft)航天（飞行）器，宇宙 weep /wi.p/vi.&t.(wept,wept)rural/ruaral/adj.乡村的，农村飞船 哭泣，流泪 的 solar/'saula(r)/adj.太阳的：太 overcome/,awva'km/vt.(over-surroundings/sa'raondmz/n.周阳能的 came,overcome)受到…的极大围，环境 影响：克服，解决：战胜 *heaven/'hevan/n.极乐之地 词汇变形及词缀精讲 高中英语译林版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 1.composer /kam'pauza(r)/n.作曲家，作曲者 动词形式：compose(作曲；组成：撰写) 构词解析：后缀-：加在动词后，表“做…的人”。 同类词：teacher(教师)、writer(作家) 例句：Mozart was a famous composer who wrote many symphonies. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习)：Beethoven is one of the greatest (compose)in history..(答案：composers) 2.dramatic/dr'maetik/adj.激动人心的；戏剧的 名词形式：drama(戏刷) 副词形式：dramatically(显著地) 构词解析：后缀ic:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“与…相关的；具有…性质的”；-ally构成 副词。 例句：The movie has a dramatic ending that surprised everyone. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句)：The play is famous for its dramatic scenes and emotional dialogues. 3.adaptation/,edep'ten/n.改编本；适应 动词形式：adapt(改编：适应) 构词解析：前缀ad-:表“朝向，适应”；词根apt(适合)：后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作或过程”。 例句：This film is an adaptation of a classic novel. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：It took her a long time to_ (adaptation) to the new school life.(答案：adapt) 4.solar/'sala(r/adj.太阳的：太阳能的 名词形式：sun（太阳) 构词解析：前缀sol-:源自拉丁语“太阳”（$o):后缀-：构成形容词，表“与…相关的”。 同类词：lunar(月亮的)←-luna(月亮) 例句：Solar energy is a clean and renewable resource. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句)：The solar system consists of the Sun and eight planets. 5.rural/rvaral/adj.乡村的，农村的 反义词：urban(城市的) 构词解析：词根-：表“乡村”；后缀-al:构成形容词，表“…的”。 例句：She prefers rural life to city life because of the fresh air. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The government is working to improve ural)education and medical care.(答案：rural) 6.surroundings/s3'raundr)z/n.周围，环境 动词形式：surround(包围：环绕) 形容词形式：surrounding(周围的) 2 高中英语译林版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 构词解析：前缀sur-:表“超过，围绕”；词根round(环绕)：后缀-ing构成形容词，-ings构成名 词表“环境”。 We should protect the natural surroundings for future generations. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句）：The small village is surrounded by mountains and rivers. 7.guarantee/.gaeran'ti:/vt.保证；n.保证 名词形式：guarantee(保修单；担保) 构词解析：前缀guar-:表“保证”：后缀-ee:表“动作的承受者”（此处直接作名词)。 The company guarantees to repair the product for free within two years. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：This watch comes with a two-year (guarantee).(答案：guarantee) 8.communist/kDmjanIst/adj.共产主义的；n.共产主义者 名词形式：communism(共产主义) 构词解析：词根commun-:表“共同”；后缀-ist:表“信仰者，实践者”；-isn:表“主义”。 例句：He has been a communist since his youth. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句）：The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921. 9.defender/d'fenda(r)/n.防御者；辩护者（衍生词） 动词形式：defend（保护；辩护) 构词解析：前缀de-:表“向下，加强”；词根fnd(打击)：后缀-er:表“做…的人”。 例句：The soldiers acted as defenders of the city during the war 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：Lawyers are trained to (defend) their clients in court.(答案：defend) l0.transformation/,traensfo'meun/n.转变，变革（衍生词） 动词形式：transform(使改观，使转化) 构词解析：前缀trans-:表“跨越，转变”；词根form(形状)：后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作或 过程”。 例句：The city has undergone a great transformation in the past decade. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句)：Technology has transformed the way we com- municate. 11.reliance /rI'larans/n.依赖，依靠（衍生词） 动词短语：rely on(依赖，依靠) 形容词形式：reliable(可靠的) 构词解析：前缀re-:表“加强”；词根ly（捆绑)：后缀-ance:构成名词，表“性质或状态”；-able 表“可…的”。 例句：Too much reliance on technology may make people lazy. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：You can (rely)on her to help you 3 高中英语译林版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 with the project.（答案：rely) l2.combination/,kpmbr'nen/n.结合，融合（衍生词） 动词形式：combine(结合，混合) 构词解析：前缀com-:表“共同”；词根bin(二，两个)：后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作或结果”。 The combination of traditional music and modern elements is very popular. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：e need to (combine)theory with practice to solve the problem.(答案：combine) 13.sorr'owful/'spraufl/adj.悲伤的（衍生词） 名词形式：SOITow(悲伤，悲痛) 构词解析：后缀：加在名词后，构成形容词，表“充满…的”。 同类词：joyful(快乐的)、careful(小心的) 例句：She had a sorrowful expression when she heard the bad news. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册同步练习）：The oldman's (sorrow)story made everyone in the room cry.(答案：sorrowful) 14.musical/'mju:zkl/adj.音乐的；n.音乐剧（衍生词） 名词形式：music（音乐) 构词解析：后缀-：加在名词后，构成形容词，表“与…相关的”。 例句：She has a great interest in musical instruments like the piano. 真题链接（译林版高中选择性必修第一册教材例句)：The musical performance attracted a large audi-. ence. 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The play is famous for its (戏剧的）scenes and emotional dialogues.. 2.Solar energy is a clean and (可再生的)resource. 3.The (乡村的)area has experienced great changes in recent years. 4.We should protect the natural (环境)for future generations. 5.The (转变)of the city surprised all the visitors.. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Beethoven is one of the greatest (compose)in history. 2.It took her a long time to (adaptation)to the new school life. 高中英语译林版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 3.The government is working to improve (rural)education and medical care. 4.This watch comes with a two-year (guarantee). 5.You can (rely)on her to help you with the project 6.We need to (combine)theory with practice to solve the problem. 7.The old man’s (sorrow)story made everyone in the room cry. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这部电影是一部经典小说的 (改编本)。 This film is an of a classic novel. 2.太阳能是一种清洁的可再生资源。 energy is a clean and renewable resource. 3.这个小村庄被山川环绕。 The small village is by mountains and rivers 4.科技改变了我们交流的方式。 Technology has the way we communicate. 5.传统音乐和现代元素的 (结合)非常受欢迎。 The of traditional music and modern elements is very popular. 6.她听到这个坏消息时，脸上露出了」 (悲伤的)表情。 She had a expression when she heard the bad news. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Mozart was a famous (compose)who wrote many symphonies.His music has a (drama)effect on people.This film is an (adapt)of his life story.It shows his (transform)from a child prodigy to a great musician.In the film,he lives in a (rural)area for some time,where he draws inspiration from nature.The (surround)there are beautiful and peaceful.He (rely)on his talent and hard work to cre- ate wonderful music.His (combine)of different musical styles made his works unique. Even today,people still feel (sorrow)when they hear about his early death. 参考答案 5 高中英语译林版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第一册 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.dramatic 7.renewable 8.rural 9.surroundings 10.transformation Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.composers 7.adapt 8.rural 9.guarantee 10.rely 11.combine 12.sorrowful II.完成句子 1.adaptation 2.Solar 3.surrounded 4.transformed 5.combination 6.sorrowful V.语篇填空 1.composer 2.dramatic 3.adaptation 4.transformation 5.rural 6.surroundings relied 8.combination 9.sorrowful 6