Unit 5 A delicate world 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 词汇变形精讲 【Unit5】A delicate world二 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 explode /k'splaud/v.突然增加 ecology /i'kold3i/n.生态 制成的 collapse /ka'laps/V.倒塌：塌下dissolve/d'zDlv/V.(使)溶解 mysterious /mI'strarias/adj. substantial/sab'sten/adj.大量nutrient'nju:trient/n.营养物，秘的 的，多的 营养 status/'stertas/n.地位：身份 incident/'nsidant/n.事件 comparison /kam'paerIsn/n.比criterion /krar'trarian/n.标准， intervention/Imta'ven/n.千较 准则 预，介入 isal/'v3ual/adj.视的，视觉prosper/'prDsp3()/V.兴旺，发 oweA5/V.应该做；对…负有的 达 …的义务 session/'sefn/n.一段时间 postscript/'paustskrIpt/n.附言 on behalf of代表 pest /pest/.n.有害小动物：害虫herbal/h3b/adj.用香（药）草 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.explode /ik'splaud/v.突然增加 名词形式：explosion(爆炸；激增) 形容词形式：explosive(易爆炸的：激增的) 构词解析：前缀ex-:表“向外、出”；后缀-de:构成动词；-sion是名词后缀：ive是形容词后缀。 同类词：expand(扩大)一expansion(扩张)、impose(强加)一→imposition(强加) 例句：The population of the city exploded in the last decade,. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：The(explode)of new technology has changed our daily life greatly.(答案：explosion) 2.substantial/sab'staenfl/adj.大量的，多的 名词形式：substance(物质；实质) 副词形式：substantially(大量地：实质上) 构词解析：前缀sub-:表“在下、次要”；词根stant(=stand,站立)：后缀-ial:构成形容词，表 “具有…性质的”。 同类词：essential(必要的)←-essence(本质)、official(官方的)←-office(办公室) 例句：We need to make substantial changes to the plan. 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：There has been a substantial increase in rainfall this year. 3.inter vention/.nt3'venfn/n.干预，介入 动词形式：intervene(干预：介入) 形容词形式：interventional(介入的，医学领域常用) 构词解析：前缀inter-.:表“在…之间”；词根ven(=come,来)；后缀-tion构成名词，表“动 作或过程”。 同类词：invent(发明)一invention(发明)、prevent(阻止)→prevention(预防) 例句：The government's intervention helped stabilize the economy. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测）：The doctor decided to (intervention) immediately to save the patient.(答案：intervene) 4.ecology/i'kDlad3in.生态 形容词形式：ecological（生态的) 副词形式：ecologically(生态上地) 构词解析：前缀eco-:表“生态、环境”；词根logy(=stu砂yof,学科)；后缀-ical:构成形容词。 同类词：biology(生物学)→biological(生物学的)、psychology(心理学)→psychological(心理 的) 例句：We should pay more attention to protecting ecology. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册阅读拓展）：(ecology)balance is important for the survival of all species.(答案：Ecological) 5.nutrient/'nju:triant/n.营养物，营养 形容词形式：nutritious(有营养的) 名词形式：nutrition(营养) 构词解析：词根nutri(=nourish,滋养)：后缀-ent:构成名词，表“物”；-tious是形容词后缀。 同类词：patient(病人)一patience(耐心)、efficient(高效的)一efficiency(效率) 例句：This fruit is rich in vitamins and other nutrients. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Abalanced diet provides essential (nutrient) for our body.(答案：nutrients) 6.comparison/kan'paerisn/n.比较 动词形式：compare(比较) 形容词形式：comparative(比较的；相对的) 构词解析：前缀com-:表“共同、一起”；词根par(=equal,相等)：后缀-ison:构成名词(compare 的名词形式特殊变形)。 固定搭配：by comparison(相比之下)：compare A with B(将A与B比较) The comparison between the two methods shows that the new one is better. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册语法填空）：(compare)with last year,.our sales have increased by20%.(答案：Compared) 2 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 7.visual/vI3ual/adj.视的，视觉的 名词形式：vision(视力：视觉) 副词形式：visually(视觉上地) 构词解析：词根vis(=see,看)：后缀-ual:构成形容词，表“有关…的”。 同类词：actual(实际的)←-act(行动)、mental(精神的)←-mind(思想) 例句：The film's visual effects are very impressive. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元话题写作）：We use(visual)aids to make the presentation more clear..(答案：visual) 8.criterion /krar'tarian/n.标准，准则 复数形式：criteria(特殊复数，不规则变化) 形容词形式：critical(批判的：关键的) 构词解析：词根crit(=judge,判断)：后缀-erion:构成名词，表“标准、准则”。 同类词：thesis(论文)一→theses（复数)、phenomenon(现象)→phenomena(复数) 例句：The main criterion for the job is experience.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：What are the (criterion)for evaluating a good book?(答案：criteria) 9.prosper/'prDsp3()/V.兴旺，发达 名词形式：prosperity(繁荣) 形容词形式：prosperous（繁荣的) 构词解析：前缀pro-:表“向前、促进”；词根sper(hope,希望)：后缀-ity:构成名词；-ous是 形容词后缀。 同类词：develop(发展)→development(发展)、succeed(成功)→success(成功) 例句：The company prospered under his leadership. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材阅读）：The region has enjoyed a long period of (prosper).(答案：prosperity) l0.mysterious/m'strarias/adj.神秘的 名词形式：mystery(神秘：谜团) 副词形式：mysteriously(神秘地) 构词解析：词根myst(=secret,秘密)：后缀-erious:构成形容词，表“充满…的”（由mystery 去y加-ious变形)。 同类词：history(历史)→historical(历史的)、gloy(荣耀)→glorious（光荣的) 例句：There is a mysterious old house at the end of the street. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册阅读练习)：The (mystery)disappearance of the plane has puzzled people for years..(答案：mysterious) 1l.status/'stertas/n.地位：身份 形容词形式：statutory(法定的；依照法规的，词根关联) 构词解析：词根stat(=stand,站立：状态)：后缀-us:构成名词，表“状态、身份”。 同类词：state(状态)、station(车站：地位) 3 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 例句：Her status in the company has improved since she got promoted. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册单元词汇练习）：People's social (status)is often determined by their occupation.(答案：status) 12.dissolve/dr'zDlv/v.(使)溶解 名词形式：dissolution(溶解；解散) 形容词形式：dissolvable(可溶解的) 构词解析：前缀dis-:表“分开、否定”；词根solv(=loosen,松开)：后缀-e:构成动词：tion是 名词后缀：-able是形容词后缀，表“可…的”。 同类词：solve(解决)→solution(解决办法)、resolve（决心)→resolution(决心) 例句：Sugar dissolves quickly in hot water. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册科学阅读）：This medicine is (dissolve)in water and should be taken after meals..(答案：dissolvable) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The government's (helped reduce the environmental pollution. 7.Studying (can help us better understand the relationship between humans and nature. 8.The company's_ (brought many job opportunities to the local area 9.We need to use more (视觉的)materials to make the lesson more interesting 10.The (标准)for this competition are quite high. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The population of this town has(explode)in recent years 2.There has been a」 (substance)improvement in her English since she started studying abroad. 3.The doctor decided to take(intervention)measures to treat the patient 4.This new policy will have a(significance)impact on the local economy. 5.We should pay more attention to (ecology)protection in our daily life. 6.The (nutrient)in this food can help children grow healthily. 7.A (compare)between the two products shows that the new one is more efficient. 8.The (mystery)disappearance of the ancient city has attracted many archaeologists. 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 9.The (criterion)for judging a good book vary from person to person. 10.Sugar (dissolve)easily in water 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.新技术的 (爆炸式增长)极大地改变了我们的生活。 The of new technology has changed our life greatly. 2.政府的及时 (干预)阻止了情况的恶化。 The government's timely prevented the situation from getting worse. 3.我们应该采取 (生态的)友好型措施来保护环境。 We should take friendly measures to protect the environment. 4.均衡的饮食能为我们的身体提供必要的 (营养物)。 A balanced diet can provide essential for our body. 5.与去年相比，今年的降雨量有了 (显著的)增加。 with last year,the rainfall this year has increased 6.这家公司在他的领导下 (兴旺发达)起来。 The company under his leadership. 7.这个小镇有一种（神秘的）氛围，吸引了很多游客。 This small town has a atmosphere,which attracts many tourists. 8.这些 (标准)是为了确保产品的质量。 These are to ensure the quality of the products. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 With the (explode)of technology,our lives have changed a lot.The (substantial)de- velopment of the Internet has made communication more convenient.However,it has also brought some problems,such as environmental pollution.So,the government's(intervention)is nec- essary.We should also pay attention to(ecology)balance.For example,we can use more (nutrient)food and less processed food.In(compare)with the past,people now have more awareness of environmental protection.We believe that with everyone's efforts,our planet will become more (prosper)and beautiful. 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.intervention 7.ecology 8.prosperity 9.visual 10.criteria Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.exploded 2.substantial 3.interventional 4.significant 5.ecological 6.nutrients 7.comparison 8.mysterious 9.criteria 10.dissolves ⅡL.完成句子 1.explosion 2.intervention 3.ecological 4.nutrients 5.Compared,substantially 6.prospered 7.mysterious 8.criteria V.语篇填空 1.explosion 2.substantial 3.intervention 4.ecological 5.nutritious 6.comparison 7.prosperous 6