Unit 5 Into the unknown 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（外研版）

高中外研版选择性必修第四册 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit5】Into the unknown二 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 expansion /ik'spaenfn/n.扩大；subdue/sb'dju:/v.克制，抑制lookinto调查（间题）（常用短 增加 (情绪) 语) getaway/'getawe/n.逃跑，逃the unknown不为人知的地方，investigation/m,vesti'gen/n. 走 人类尚未到达的地方 调查 make a getaway逃跑，逃走（常set out动身踏上（漫长的）旅 shipwreck/fiprek/n.失事的船； 用短语) 途（常用短语） 沉船 run for one's life逃命（常用短uncharted/n'ta:tId/adj.地图archaeological/.akia'lDdk/ 语) 上没有标明的 adj.考古学的；考古的 check out调查，检查（常用短delve/delv/v.探索，探究 coral/kDr/n.珊瑚（海洋生 语) throw oneself into积极投入到物，常形成珊瑚礁生态系统) test the waters试水，试探（常.中去（常用短语） mnillimetre/'mlimi:ta()/n.毫米 用短语) think twice再三考虑，慎重考barreleye/baerali:/n.管眼鱼 steer clear of避开…：从…虑（常用短语） (深海鱼类，具有透明头部的独 处脱身（常用短语） shrink/kv.退缩，畏缩 特生理特征) retreat /ri'tri:t/v.后退；离开：shrink from避免做，不愿做（常 退避 用短语) 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.expansion/k'spaen fn/n.扩大；增加 动词形式：expand 构词解析：前缀x-:表“向外、出”；词根pand(伸展)；后缀-ion:构成名词，表“动作或过程的 结果”。 同类词：expansion(扩张)←-expand(扩张，V.)、extension（延伸)←-extend（延伸，v.) The rapid expansion of the city has led to many environmental problems. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：The company plans to_(expansion))its business into Europe next year.(答案：expand) 2.retreat/r'trit/v.后退；离开：退避 名词形式：retreat(撤退；隐居处) 高中外研版选择性必修第四册 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 构词解析：前缀re-:表“向后、相反”；词根treat(拉、拽)，字面义“拉回”。 例句：The soldiers were forced to retreat after heavy losses. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：They made a strategic retreat to avoid further conflict. 3.subdue/sab'dju:/v.克制，抑制（情绪） 形容词形式：subdued(被抑制的：缓和的) 构词解析：前缀sb-:表“下、次、低”；词根de(引导)，字面义“向下引导”，引申为“压制”。 例句：She tried to subdue her anger when facing the rude customer.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：Hs (subdue)tone suggested he was not in a good mood.(答案：subdued) 4.uncharted/n't∫:tId/adj.地图上没有标明的 反义词：charted(绘制地图的；已知的) 构词解析：前缀un-:表“否定”；词根chat(地图、图表)：后缀-ed:构成形容词，表“已…的”。 The explorers ventured into uncharted territory in search of new species. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册阅读材料）：The documentary follows a team exploring the uncharted depths of the ocean. 5.delve/delv/v.探索，探究 名词形式：delving（探索，动名词) 构词解析：无明显前后缀，词根delve本身表“深入挖掘”，引申为“深入探究”。 She delved into the history of the ancient civilization to write her thesis 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习)：The researcher spent years (delve)into the archives for evidence.(答案：delving) 6.shrink/fr四k/v.退缩，畏缩 过去式/过去分词：shrank/shrunk 名词形式：shrinkage(收缩：减少) 构词解析：无明显前后缀，为不规则动词，词源与“收缩”动作相关。 例句：He shrank from the challenge because of his lack of confidence. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：The company's profits shrank by20%in the last quarter. 7.investigation/m,vestI'geifn/n.调查 动词形式：investigate 构词解析：前缀in-:表“进入、深入”；词根vestig(痕迹、踪迹)：后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动 作或过程”。 例句：The police launched an investigation into the theft case. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习)：The committee will (investigation)the cause of the accident thoroughly.(答案：investigate) 2 高中外研版选择性必修第四册 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 8.archaeological/,aki'lDd3k/adj.考古学的：考古的 名词形式：archaeology(考古学)：archaeologist(考古学家) 构词解析：前缀archae--(古、原始)；词根logy(学科)：后缀-ical:构成形容词，表“与…相关 的”。 The archaeological findings revealed the lifestyle of ancient people. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册阅读材料）：Archaeological research has provided new insights into the region's history. 9.mnillimetre/milimi:ta(r)/n.毫米 同类单位词：centimetre(厘米)、netre（米) 构词解析：前缀milli--:表“千分之一”；词根metre(米)，合义“千分之一米”。 例句：The thickness of the paper is only a few millimetres.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：The smallest unit of length in this measurement is the(millimetre).(答案：millimetre) l0.getaway/'getawer/n.逃跑，逃走 动词短语：get away(逃脱：离开) 构词解析：由get(得到)+away(离开)构成复合名词，表“逃离的行为或地点”。 例句：The criminals made a quick getaway in a stolen car. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：The movie tells the story of a bank robber’s getaway from the police. 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The team made a strategic (撤退)to avoid further losses. 2.The (into the accident will be completed next week. 3 (考古的)findings have shed light on ancient trade routes. 4.The width of the wire is measured in(毫米) 5.The robbers planned their _(逃跑)carefully before the heist 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The company aims to (expansion)its market share in Asia. 2.She (subdue)her excitement when she heard the good news. 3.Explorers are eager to_ (delve)into the secrets of the uncharted forest. 3 高中外研版选择性必修第四册 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 4.The police will (investigation)the case with the latest technology. 5.The documentary shows an (archaeology)team working in the desert. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.他因缺乏信心而在挑战面前 (退缩 2.科学家们正在 (探索)这个未知区域的生态系统， 3.城市的快速 (扩张)导致了资源短缺问题 四、语篇填空 Archaeologists recently ventured into (charted)territory to (delve)into the history of a lost civilization.Their work required careful(investigate)of every artifact,some as small as a few (millimetre).During the process,they had to (subdue)their impatience to ensure accuracy.One researcher even(shrink)from a dangerous cliffedge while documenting findings.The team's_ (archaeology)discoveries,including tools and pottery,led to a thorough (expand)of knowledge about the region's past. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.retreat 2.investigation 3.Archaeological 4.millimetre 5.getaway Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.expand 2.subdued 3.delve 4.investigate 5.archaeological II.完成句子 1.shrank from 2.delving into 3.expansion V.语篇填空 1.uncharted 2.delve 3.investigation 4.millimetres 5.subdue 6.shrank 7.archae- ological 8.expansion 4