Unit 4 Breaking boundaries三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 词汇精讲 【Unit4】Breaking boundaries 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 boundary/baundri/n.分界线：幸的 outbreak/autbreik/n.爆发，突 边界 Ebola/i'bala/n.埃博拉病毒 然发生 statistic/sta'tistrk/n.(一项)统combat/'kpmbaet/v.防止，抑制devotion/d'van/n.奉献 计数据 relieve /rI'li:vlv.给（某人）换vomit./vomt/n.呕吐物 assist/A'sIst/v.协助，帮助 班 iracle/'mirakl/n.意外的幸运 tackle/'taekl/v.处理，对付（难specialist/'spefalist/n.专家 事：奇迹 题) infectious/m'fek∫3s/adj.传染性van /van/n.小型货车 viral/'varrel/adj.极其重要的 的 twin /twm/adj.双胞胎的 comrade/kDmreid/n.同志；朋clinic/'klmk/n.诊所；门诊部 友 disinfect/,disn'fekt/v.为… tragic/ted3kadj.悲惨的，不消毒，给…杀菌 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.statistic/sta'tstrk/n.（一项)统计数据 名词复数形式：statistics(统计学：统计数据) 形容词形式：statistical(统计的：统计学的) 构词解析：后缀-C:加在名词后构成形容词，表“与…有关的”。 同类词：scientific(科学的)、historic(历史的) The statistics show that the number of students choosing science majors is increasing 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：We need to collect more (statistic)to support our conclusion.(答案：statistics) 2.assist/为'SIst/v.协助，帮助 名词形式：assistance(帮助：援助) 形容词形式：assistant(助理的：辅助的)：assistant(n.助手) 构词解析：前缀as(=ad-,表“朝向”)+sist(词根“站立”)，字面义“站在一旁”，引申为“协 助”。后缀-ance构成名词，-ant构成形容词或名词。 例句：The nurse assisted the doctor in performing the operation, 1 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：We are looking for volunteers to assist with the project. 3.specialist/'spefalist/n.专家 形容词形式：special(特殊的：专门的) 副词形式：specially(专门地；特别地) 名词形式：specialty(专业：特长) 构词解析：前缀spec(=see,表“看”)+-ial(形容词后缀)+-ist(表“人”的名词后缀)，指“专 门看/研究某领域的人”。 同类词：artist(艺术家)、scientist(科学家) She is a specialist in infectious diseases and has published many papers. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：You'd better consult a heart (special) about your condition.(答案：specialist) 4.infectious/m'fek∫3s/adj.传染性的 动词形式：infect(感染；传染) 名词形式：infection(感染；传染病) 构词解析：前缀in-(表“进入”)+fct(词根“做：使”)+-ious(形容词后缀，表“具有…性质 的”)，指“能进入并影响他人的”。 同类词：infectious(有感染力的)、delicious（美味的) Ebola is a highly infectious virus that can spread through body fluids. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：Washing hands regularly is an effective way to prevent infectious diseases. 5.disinfect/,dsn'fekt/V.为…消毒，给…杀菌 名词形式：disinfection(消毒；杀菌) 构词解析：前缀dis-(表“否定；去除”)+infect（感染)，字面义“去除感染源”，即“消毒”。 The medical workers disinfect the clinic every day to avoid cross-infection 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Remember to__(disinfect)the wound before applying the bandage.(答案：disinfect) 6.devotion/dr'van/n.奉献 动词形式：devote(致力于；奉献) 形容词形式：devoted(忠诚的：献身的) 构词解析：前缀de-(表“加强”)+vot(词根“发誓”)+-ion(名词后缀)，指“发誓投入的状态”。 固定搭配：devote oneself to(致力于…)：be devoted to(忠诚于…) 例句：Her devotion to the patients moved everyone in the hospital, 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：The doctor devoted all his life to fighting Ebola. 7.tragic/tred3k/adj.悲惨的，不幸的 名词形式：tragedy(悲剧；灾难) 副词形式：tragically(悲惨地；不幸地) 2 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 构词解析：后缀-C:加在名词后构成形容词，表“与…有关的：具有…性质的”。 同类词：comic(喜剧的)、magic(有魔力的) 例句：The novel tells a tragic story of a family affected by the war.. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：It was a(tragedy)accident that killed three people..(答案：tragic) 8.combat/'kpmbaet/.v.防止，抑制 名词形式：combat(战斗：斗争) 构词解析：前缀com-（表“一起”)+bat（词根“打”)，指“一起打斗”，引申为“对抗；防止”。 例句：The government has taken measures to combat the spread of the virus. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：Scientists are working hard to combat infectious diseases. 9.relieve /ri'li:v/v.给（某人)换班；缓解 名词形式：relief(缓解：救济) 形容词形式：relieved(感到宽慰的) 构词解析：前缀re(表“再次：向后”)+liev(=lighten,表“减轻”)，指“减轻负担或压力”。 例句：The new medicine can relieve the pain caused by the illness. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：To our(relieve),the patient's condition finally stabilized.(答案：relief) 10.outbreak/autbreik/n.爆发，突然发生 动词短语：break out(爆发；突然发生) 构词解析：前缀out.(表“向外；超出”)+brak(打破)，指“打破平静而突然发生”。 例句：The outbreak of Ebola in2014 caused great panic in West Africa. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册教材例句）：An outbreak of the virus was reported in the small town last month. l1.nir acle/'mrkl/n.意外的幸运事；奇迹 形容词形式：miraculous(奇迹般的：不可思议的) 构词解析：后缀-c©（表“小”)，原指“小的神奇事件”，后泛指“奇迹”。-ous构成形容词。 例句：It was a miracle that he survived the plane crash. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：The doctors said her recovery was_(mir- acle).(答案：miraculous) l2.iral'varrel/adj.病毒性的：（像病毒般）传播的 名词形式：vius(病毒) 构词解析：词根vir(表“病毒”)+-l(形容词后缀)，指“与病毒有关的”。 例句：The video went viral on social media within hours. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：Viral infections are often more difficult to treat than bacterial ones..(教材原句) 3 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The government has taken measures to (防止)the spread of the virus. 2.Regular hand washing can prevent_ (感染)diseases effectively.. 3.Her to medical work won the respect of all people. 4.The sudden (爆发)of the disease caused widespread panic 5.We need a (专家)to help us analyze the statistical data. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The (statistic)show that the number of patients is decreasing. 2.She is a (special)in infectious diseases and has rich experience. 3.The nurse provided (assist)to the doctor during the operation 4.It was a (tragedy)accident that resulted in many deaths. 5.The new drug can(relieve)the symptoms of the disease. 6.The (infect)rate of the virus has been controlled effectively. 7.He (devote)all his life to scientific research 8.The (miracle)recovery of the patient surprised all the doctors. 9.Remember to (disinfect)the room before the patients move in. 10.The video went (virus)on the Internet overnight. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这位医生致力于帮助贫困地区的人们。 The doctor helping people in poor areas. 2.我们需要收集更多的统计数据来支持我们的结论。 We need to collect more to support our conclusion. 3.洗手是防止传染病传播的有效方法。 Washing hands is an effective way to prevent the spread of 4 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 4.她的奉献精神感动了医院里的每个人。 Her everyone in the hospital. 5.政府正在努力抑制病毒的传播。 The government is trying hard to the virus. 6.听到病人病情稳定的消息，我们松了一口气。 the patient's condition finally stabilized. 四、语篇填空 In recent years,the worldhas faced several (outbreak)of infectious diseases.To combat these, governments and scientists have been working together.For example,when a new virus appears, (special)from all over the world gather to study it.They collect(statistic)and analyze the (infect)rate.Medical workers(disinfect)public places regularly and (assist) patients day and night.Their(devote)often leads to (miracle)results.However,some stories are (tragedy),reminding us of the importance of prevention.It is believed that with joint efforts,we can (relieve)the threat of such diseases. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.combat 7.infectious 8.devotion 9.outbreak 10.specialist Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.statistics 2.specialist 3.assistance 4.tragic 5.relieve 6.infection 7.devoted 8.miraculous 9.disinfect 10.viral I完成句子 1.devotes himself to 2.statistical data 3.infectious diseases 4.devotion moved 5.combat the spread of 6.To our relief V.语篇填空 1.outbreaks 2.specialists 3.statistics 4.infection 5.disinfect 6.assist 7.devotion 8.miraculous 9.tragic 10.relieve J