Unit 2 Improving yourself二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中选择性必修第二册外研版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit2】Improving yourself 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 security/sr'kjvarati/n.安全 profile/'praufar/n.概况 procrastination/praokrastI'nerfn/ moderator/'mpdorerta(r)/n.主distract/d'stet/v.分散（注n.拖延 持人 意力)，使分心 appropriate /a'praopriat/adj. detox/'di:toks/n.脱瘾 constantly /'konstantli/adv. 当的：合适的 fundraising/fAndreizu/n.募续不断地：经常地 spit/spt/V.吐口水，吐唾沫 捐，筹款 towel/'taval/n.毛巾 headphones /'hedfaonz/n. switch/swt/V.(用开关)改throw in the towel认输 戴式)耳机 变，转换 access/'aekses/n.接触的机会 bin /bin/n.垃圾箱 switch on(用开关)打开 rely /ri'lar/v.(为生活或生存considerate /kan'sIdarat/ad.替 motivate/'meutrveit/v.激发，激而)依赖 他人着想的 励 rely on依靠，依赖 occupy/'Dkjupar/v.占用，占去deadline/dedlam/n.截止时间： (时间) 最后期限 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.security/s'kjvarati/n.安全 形容词形式：secure(安全的) 构词解析：后缀-y:加在形容词后，构成抽象名词，表”性质、状态”。 同类词：safety（安全)←-safe(安全的)、ability(能力)←-able(有能力的) 例句：We need to take measures to ensure the security of the building, 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二同步练习）：It's important to feel__(security)in your own home.(答案：secure) 2.motivate/'mautrveit/v.激发，激励 名词形式：motivation(动机) 形容词形式：motivated(有动机的：积极的) 构词解析：前缀mot-(来自拉丁语notus,意为'移动”)：后缀-ate:构成动词：-ion:构成名词；-ed: 构成形容词。 例句：Good teachers can motivate students to study harder. 高中选择性必修第二册外研版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二教材例句)：Her enthusiasm for learning has motivated many of her classmates. 3.occupy/'Dkjupar/V.占用，占去（时间） 名词形式：occupation(职业；占有) 形容词形式：occupied(被占用的；忙碌的) 构词解析：前缀oc-(加强意义)；词根cup-（占有)：后缀-y:构成动词；-ation:构成名词；-ied: 构成形容词。 例句：The meeting occupied three hours of my afternoon, 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二同步练习)：She has been(occupy)with her research all week.(答案：occupied) 4.distract/d'straekt/v.分散（注意力），使分心 名词形式：distraction(分心；干扰物) 形容词形式：distracted(分心的) 构词解析：前缀dis-(离开，相反)：词根ract-(拉)：后缀-ion:构成名词；-ed:构成形容词。 例句：Noise from the street distracted me from my study. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二教材例句）：Try to avoid distractions when you are working on an important task 5.constantly/'kpnstantli/adv.持续不断地；经常地 形容词形式：constant(持续的；不变的) 名词形式：constancy(恒常性) 构词解析：前缀con-（共同，加强)：词根stant-(站立)；后缀-ant:构成形容词；y:构成副词： -cy:构成名词。 例句：He is constantly late for class,.which makes the teacher angry. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二同步练习)：The temperature in this area remains, (constant) throughout the year.(答案：constant) 6.appropriate/3'prauprist/adj.恰当的；合适的 动词形式：appropriate(挪用；拨出) 副词形式：appropriately(适当地) 名词形式：appropriateness(适当性) 构词解析：前缀ap-(加强意义)；词根propri-（自己的；恰当的)；后缀-ate:构成形容词/动词：y: 构成副词；ness:构成名词。 例句：It's important to wear appropriate clothes for the occasion. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二同步练习）：You should speak (appropriate)in formal situ- ations.(答案：appropriately) 7.considerate /kan'sIdarat//adj.替他人着想的 动词形式：consider(考虑；认为) 名词形式：consideration(考虑；体贴) 2 高中选择性必修第二册外研版 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 副词形式：considerately(体贴地) 构词解析：前缀con-（共同)；词根sider--(星，引申为'观察”)；后缀-ate:构成动词：-ion:构成 名词；-ate:构成形容词(considerate为”考虑到他人的)；-ly:构成副词。 例句：It was considerate of you to help the old lady carry her bags. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二教材例句）：Being considerate to others is a basic quality of a good person. 8.access/ekses/n.接触的机会 动词形式：access(进入；获取) 形容词形式：accessible(可进入的；易懂的) 构词解析：前缀ac-(加强意义)：词根cess（走)：后缀-ible:构成形容词，表”可…的”。 例句：Students have free access to the school library, 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二同步练习）：The information should be made__(access)to all members of the team.（答案：accessible) 9.reym'la/v.(为生活或生存而)依赖 形容词形式：reliable(可靠的) 副词形式：reliably(可靠地) 名词形式：reliance(依赖) 构词解析：前缀re-(加强意义)：词根y-(绑，连接)：后缀-able:构成形容词(”可依赖的”)：y: 构成副词；-ance:构成名词。 例句：We can always rely on him to keep his promises. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二教材例句）：Young children rely on their parents for food and shelter. l0.procrastination/.praokraestI'nen/n.拖延 动词形式：procrastinate(拖延) 形容词形式：procrastinating(拖延的) 构词解析：前缀pro-(向前)；词根crast.(明天)；后缀-ate:构成动词；-ion:构成名词；-ing:构 成形容词。 例句：Procrastination often leads to stress and poor results. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二同步练习）：He has a bad habit of(procrastination)his homework until the last minute.(答案：procrastinating) ll.headphones/'hedfaunz/n.(头戴式)耳机 构词解析：复合词：head(头)+phones（电话，这里指'听筒”)。 同类词：earphones(耳机，耳塞式)、loudspeaker(扬声器) 例句：She listens to music with headphones to avoid disturbing others. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二教材例句）：Please remove your headphones when the teacher is speaking. l2.fundraising/'fAndreiz/n.募捐，筹款 高中选择性必修第二册外研版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 动词短语：raise funds(筹款) 构词解析：复合词：fund(资金)+raising(筹集，动名词形式)。 例句：The school organized a fundraising event for the homeless. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二同步练习)：They spent a week _(fundraising)for the local charity.（答案：fundraising) 13.spit/spt/v.吐口水，吐唾沫 过去式/过去分词：spat/spit 名词形式：spit(唾液) 构词解析：词根spt(拟声词，模拟吐口水的声音)。 例句：It's impolite to spit in public places. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二同步练习）：The old man (spit)on the ground and was criticized by others.(答案：spat/spit) 14.bin /bi/n.垃圾箱 构词解析：来自古英语binne(容器)，后特指”垃圾箱'。 同类词：dustbin(英式，垃圾箱)、trash can（美式，垃圾桶) 例句：Please put the waste paper into the bin. 真题链接（外研版高中选择性必修二教材例句）：Remember to throw your litter into the bin to keep the environment clean. 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.For your own (安全)，please wear a helmet when riding a bike. 2.The main (behind his hard work is to support his family. 3.Her favorite (职业)is to be a doctor who saves lives. 4.It's hard to focus on study with so many_(干扰物)around. 5.We need to provide _(可进入的)facilities for people with disabilities. 6.The school is holding a()event to help poor students. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She always feels (secure)when her parents are at home 2.The teacher's encouragement (motivate)us to try our best. 高中选择性必修第二册外研版 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.My time is fully (occupy)with work and family responsibilities. 4.He was so (distract)by the noise that he couldn't finish his homework 5.The temperature here remains (constant)throughout the year. 6.You should dress (appropriate)for the formal dinner party. 7.It's (consider)of you to bring a gift for the host family. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.我们必须采取措施确保大楼的安全。 We must take measures to ensure the the building. 2.她的热情激励了许多同学努力学习。 Her enthusiasm many classmates hard. 3.尽量避免在重要任务中分心。 Try to avoid when working on an important task. 4.图书馆应该对所有学生开放。 The library should be all students. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Nowadays,many students face challenges in staying focused.They are often (distract)by social media or noise,which (occupy)a lot of their study time.To solve this,teachers suggest creating a quiet environment and setting clear goals.A good study plan can provide the (motivate)to keep going.Additionally,it's important to stay(constant)focused and avoid (procrastinate).Remember, (consider)behavior,like turning off phones,helps both yourself and others. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.security 2.motivation 3.occupation 4.distractions 5.accessible 6.fundraising Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.secure 2.motivated 3.occupied 4.distracted 5.constant 6.appropriately considerate 5 高中选择性必修第二册外研版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 III.完成句子 1.security of 2.motivated;to study 3.distractions 4.accessible to V.语篇填空 1.distracted 2.occupies 3.motivation 4.constantly 5.procrastinating 6.considerate 6