Unit 5 A delicate world一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（外研版）

高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 词汇精讲 【Unit5】A delicate world 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 halfway/,ha:f'we/adj.中间的，subsequently/'sAbsikwantli/adv.conservation/kDnsa'vefn/n.保 半途的 后来，随后 护 dramatically/dra'matkli/adv.appetite/ita//n.胃口，食欲virus/'vairas/n.病毒 显著地 multiply/mAltipla/v.(使)大decrease/d'kri:s/v.（使)变 heritage /'heritid3n.遗产；传大增加，（使）倍增 小，（使）减少 统 vegetation/.ved33'tem/n.植物，tra即/trep/n.夹子，陷阱 inhabitant /in'habitant/n.栖居草木（总称） departure/dpa:t(r)/n.离开 的动物 erosion/'TaU3n/n.侵蚀 immunity /'mju:nati/n.免疫力 penguin/'pe]gwIm/n.企鹅 parakeet/'paerki:t/n.长尾（小） habitat/'haebitaet/n.栖，息地 鹦鹉 rat个etn.大老鼠 chaos/'keDs/n.大混乱；紊乱 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.inhabitant/m'haebitant/n.栖居的动物 动词形式：inhabit(居住于) 构词解析：前缀in-:表“在…内”；词根habit::表“居住”；后缀-ant:加在动词后构成名词，表 “做…的人/物”。 同类词：inhabit(动词，居住)、habitant(居民，另一种名词形式) 例句：The island's main inhabitants are penguins and other seabirds.. 2.habitat/'haebitaet/n.栖息地 动词形式：inhabit(居住于) 构词解析：词根habit:表“居住”；后缀-at:构成名词，表“场所、地点”。 Protecting the natural habitat of wild animals is crucial for biodiversity. 3.subsequently/'SAbsikwantli/adv.后来，随后 形容词形式：subsequent(随后的) 构词解析：前缀sub-:表“在…之后”；词根seql:表“跟随”（如sequence“序列”）：后缀-ent: 构成形容词：y:构成副词。 例句：Ie failed the exam and subsequently decided to study harder. 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 4.multiply/mAltplar/v.(使)大大增加，（使）倍增 名词形式：multiplication(乘法；增加) 形容词形式：multiple（多个的) 构词解析：前缀multi--:表“许多”；词根ply:表“折叠、增加”（如apply“应用”）。 例句：Rats multiply quickly in warm and humid environments. 5.conservation/,kpnsa'veIn/n.保护 动词形式：conserve(保护，保存) 形容词形式：conservative(保守的；conservationist保护主义者) 构词解析：前缀con-:表“共同”；词根serv:表“保持”（如serve“服务；保持”)；后缀-ation:构 成名词，表“动作或过程”。 The local government has taken measures for the conservation of ancient heritage. 6.decrease/dkai:sv.(使)变小，（使）减少 名词形式：decrease(减少，下降) 反义词：increase(增加) 构词解析：前缀de-:表“向下、减少”；词根creas:表“生长、增加”（如create“创造”）。 The number of pandas in the wild has begun to decrease due to habitat loss. 7.immunity/'mju:nati/n.免疫力 形容词形式：immune(免疫的；有免疫力的) 构词解析：前缀im-:表“不”；词根mun:表“公共的”（如municipal“市政的”）；后缀-ity:构成 名词，表“性质、状态”。 例句：A balanced diet and regular exercise can improve your immunity 8.erosion/1'raU3n/n.侵蚀 动词形式：erode(侵蚀，腐蚀) 构词解析：前缀e-:表“出、向外”；词根rod:表“咬”（如rodent“啮齿动物”)：后缀-ion:构成 名词，表“动作或结果”。 例句：Soil erosion is a serious problem in areas with little vegetation. 9.vegetation/,ved3s'terfn/n.植物，草木（总称） 动词形式：vegetate(生长；无所事事) 形容词形式：vegetative(植物的；生长的) 构词解析：词根veget:表“生长、植物”；后缀-ation:构成名词，表“集合或状态”。 例句：The mountain is covered with thick vegetation all year round,. l0.departure/d'patr)/n.离开 动词形式：depart（离开，出发) 构词解析：前缀de-:表“离开”；词根pat:表“分开”（如part“部分；分开”）；后缀-ure:构成 名词，表“动作或结果”。 例句：The departure of the ship was delayed due to bad weather. 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 11.dramatic/dr3 matik/adj.显著的：戏剧性的 副词形式：dramatically（显著地)：名词形式：drama(戏剧) 构词解析：词根drama:表“戏剧”；后缀-tic:构成形容词，表“与…相关的；具有…性质的”： -aly:构成副词。 The company's profits increased dramatically after the new policy. l2.appetite/'eprtart/n.胃口，食欲 动词形式：appetize(刺激食欲)；形容词形式：appetizing(开胃的) 构词解析：前缀ap-:表“加强”；词根pet:表“寻求、渴望”（如compete“竞争”）：后缀-ite:构 成名词，表“性质或状态”。 例句：A walk after dinner can help improve your appetite. 13.chaos/'keDs/n.大混乱；紊乱 形容词形式：chaotic(混乱的) 构词解析：词根chaos:表“混乱”（源自希腊语）：后缀-ic:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 The storm left the city in chaos,with trees fallen and power lines down. 14.irus/var3sn.病毒 形容词形式：viral(病毒的：病毒性的) 构词解析：词根vius:表“病毒”；后缀-al:构成形容词，表“与…相关的”。 例句：The new virus spread quickly across the country. 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The government has made laws for the (保护)of endangered species. 7.The (栖息地)of pandas in the wild is getting smaller due to human activities. 8.Soil (is a major environmental problem in dry regions. 9.The (离开)of the last bus made him walk home alone. 10.The forest is home to various (植物)，including rare trees and flowers. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.The number of wild tigers has (decrease)sharply in the past century. 7.Regular exercise can improve your (immune)against common diseases. 8.The company's sales increased (dramatic)after launching the new product. 3 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 9.The (conserve)of water resources is essential for sustainable development. 10.Rats can (multiply)very quickly if not controlled properly. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 5.这个小岛的主要居民是鸟类和海洋生物。 The main of the small island are birds and sea creatures. 6.他错过了早班车，随后决定打车去公司。 He missed the early bus and decided to take a taxi to the company. 7.保护野生动物的自然栖息地对生物多样性至关重要。 Protecting the natural of wild animals is crucial for biodiversity. 8.暴风雨过后，整个城市陷入一片混乱。 After the storm,the whole city was in 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Wildlife (conserve)has become a global concern.Many species are losing their natural (habitat)due to deforestation and pollution.As aresult,their population has(decrease) (dramatic)in recent years.For example,some birds that once(inhabit)the forest have disap- peared. To solve this problem,governments and organizations are taking action.They are working to prevent soil (erode)and protect (vegetate).Local (inhabit)are also encouraged to join in these efforts.With everyone's help,we hope to see a better future for wildlife. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.conservation 7.habitat 8.erosion 9.departure 10.vegetation Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.decreased 7.immunity 8.dramatically 9.conservation 10.multiply II.完成句子 5.inhabitants 6.subsequently 7.habitat 8.chaos 4 高中外研版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 V.语篇填空 1.conservation 2.habitats 3.decreased 4.dramatically 5.inhabited 6.erosion 7 vegetation 8.inhabitants 5