Unit 5 Languages around the world二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第一册（人教版）

高中必修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Languages around the world 词汇精讲 【Unit5】Languages around the world二 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 native/'neitrv/adj.出生地的；本symbol/'sImb(a)Vn.符号；象appreciate'pri:fiet/t.欣赏； 地的：土著的：n.本地人：本国征：标志 重视：感激：领会；意识到 人 alphabet/'elfabrt//n.字母表；字specific /sp3'sfik/adj.特定的： ancestor/'ensesta(r)/n.祖先：母系统 明确的：具体的 祖宗 script/skript//n.文字体系；剧branch /brantf/n.分支；树枝； factor/'faekt(r)/n.因素：要素本：脚本 支流 civilisation/,sivilar'zeifan/n.文calligraphy/ka'ligrafu//n.书法；mainland/'memnlaend/n.大陆： 明：文明世界 书法艺术 本土 distinction/d'stkn/n.差别；global/'glaub(a)Vadj.全球的；queue/kju:/n.队：行列：vi.排队 区别：特性：荣誉：勋章 全世界的 writing/ratm/n.文字；写作；affair/'fea(r)/n.公共事务；事 著述 件：关系 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.native/'neitrv/adj.出生地的：本地的；土著的：n.本地人；本国人 词汇变形 副词形式：natively 名词复数：natives 构词解析 后缀-ve:加在名词后构成形容词，表”具有…性质的”。 同类词：active(积极的)、creative(有创造力的) She is a native speaker of English,so her pronunciation is very standard. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一同步练习）：The (native)of the island have their own unique culture and traditions..(答案：natives) 2.civilisation/,sivilar'zeifan/n.文明；文明世界 词汇变形 动词形式：civilize(使文明：教化) 形容词形式：civilized(文明的：有礼貌的) 高中必修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Languages around the world 构词解析 后缀-ation:加在动词后构成名词，表”动作或过程的结果”；动词原形为civilize,-ize为动词后缀 表”使…化”。 同类词：modernization(现代化)←modernize(使现代化) The development of writing played an important role in the rise of ancient civilisations. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一教材例句)：Ancient China is one of the earliest civilisations in the world. 3.distinction/d'stk∫an/n.差别；区别：特性：荣誉；勋章 词汇变形 形容词形式：distinct(明显的；独特的) 副词形式：distinctly(清楚地：明显地) 构词解析 前缀dis-:表”分开；区分”；后缀-tion:构成名词，动词原形为distinguish（区分：辨别)，-ish为 动词后缀。 例句：There is a clear distinction between the two theories.. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一同步练习)：Her_(distinct)voice made her stand out in the singing competition.(答案：distinctive) 4.writing/ratn/n.文字；写作：著述 词汇变形 动词形式：wite 名词复数：writings(著作；文稿) 构词解析 后缀-ng:加在动词后构成名词，表”动作或其产物”。 同类词：reading(阅读)、drawing(绘画) 例句：Her writing has improved a lot since she started keeping a diary. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一教材例句)：Chinese writing system has a history of thousands of years. 5.global/'glaub(a)l/adj.全球的：全世界的 词汇变形 名词形式：globe(地球；球体) 副词形式：globally 构词解析 后缀-l:加在名词后构成形容词，表”与…有关的：具有…性质的”。 同类词：national(国家的)、cultural（文化的) 例句：Global warming has become a serious problem for all countries. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一同步练习)：The Internet has made communication (global)easier than ever before.(答案：globally) 6.appreciate /'pri:frert/.t.欣赏；重视：感激；领会：意识到 词汇变形 名词形式：appreciation(欣赏；感激) 高中必修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Languages around the world 形容词形式：appreciative(感激的：赞赏的) 构词解析 前缀ap-:表”加强'；词根preci意为”价值”（如precious”珍贵的”）：后缀-ate:构成动词。 例句：I really appreciate your help with my English study 真题链接（人教版高中必修一同步练习)：We should express our (appreciate)to those who have helped us..(答案：appreciation) 7.specific/sp3'sfk/adj.特定的；明确的：具体的 词汇变形 副词形式：specifically 名词形式：specificity(特异性：具体性) 构词解析 前缀speci--:来自拉丁语species(种类；形式)：后缀-fic:表”使…成为”，构成形容词。 同类词：scientific(科学的)、terrific(极好的) 例句：Could you give me specific examples to support your idea? 真题链接（人教版高中必修一同步练习)：The teacher asked us to focus on (specifically)details in the text..(答案：specific) 8.branch /bra:ntf/n.分支；树枝；支流 词汇变形 动词形式：branch(分叉；分支出) 名词复数：branches 构词解析 后缀-ch:此处无特定含义，词根branch本身为名词，可直接用作动词表”分支”。 例句：This river has many small branches that flow into it. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一教材例句)：English is a branch of the Germanic family of languages.. 9.queue /kju/:n.队：行列：i.排队 词汇变形 动词第三人称单数：queues 名词复数：queues 构词解析 无明显前后缀，为独立词汇，可作名词或动词。 固定搭配：queue up for sth.（为…排队) People are queuing outside the cinema to buy tickets for the new movie. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一同步练习）：e had to (queue)for over an hour to get into the museum.(答案：queue) 10.ancestor/'aensesta()/n.祖先：祖宗 词汇变形 形容词形式：ancestral(祖先的：祖传的) 名词复数：ancestors 3 高中必修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Languages around the world 构词解析 前缀ante-:表”在前；先前’（如anterior''前面的”）：词根cest意为”行走’，合起来表示”走在前面 的人”即”祖先”。 例句：Our ancestors left us many valuable cultural heritage. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一同步练习)：The museum displays many (ancestor)tools and weapons used by early humans.(答案：ancestral) 11.symbol/smb()lVn.符号：象征：标志 词汇变形 动词形式：symbolize(象征；代表) 形容词形式：symbolic(象征的：符号的) 构词解析 后缀-bol:来自希腊语，表”投掷；放置’，symbol原意为”放在一起的标记”；-ize为动词后缀表 使…成为”。 同类词：symbolization(象征化)←-symbolize 例句：The dove is a symbol of peace in many cultures.. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一教材例句)：Red is a symbol of good luck in Chinese culture.. l2.alphabet/'elfabit/n.字母表：字母系统 词汇变形 形容词形式：alphabetic(字母的：按字母顺序的) 副词形式：alphabetically 构词解析 源自希腊语alpha(第一个字母)+beta(第二个字母)，合起来表示”字母表”；后缀-ic构成形容词。 例句：Children start learning the alphabet when they are very young. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一同步练习）：The words in the dictionary are arranged (alphabet). (答案：alphabetically) 13.script./skrrpt//n.文字体系；剧本；脚本 词汇变形 动词形式：script（为…写剧本；脚本) 名词复数：scripts 构词解析 无明显前后缀，原指’书写的文字”，后引申为”剧本”：可直接用作动词表”编写脚本”。 例句：The film's script was written by a famous director. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一同步练习）：She spent three months (script)the play for the school drama club.（答案：scripting) 14.calligraphy /k3'ligrafu/n.书法；书法艺术 词汇变形 名词复数：calligraphies 形容词形式：calligraphic(书法的：书法艺术的) 4 高中必修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Languages around the world 构词解析 前缀calli-:来自希腊语kallos（美丽)：词根graph意为”书写’（如graph”图表'、autograph”签名”）： 后缀-y:构成名词表”行为或结果”。 Chinese calligraphy is considered both an art and a form of writing. 真题链接（人教版高中必修一教材例句）：He has been practicing calligraphy for more than ten years. 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (本地人)of this village have lived here for centuries. 2.Ancient Egypt was one of the greatest (文明)in history. 3.There is a clear (区别between traditional art and modern art. 4.Chinese (书法)is famous for its beauty and elegance. 5.The red flag is a (象征)of revolution and hope. 6.Children learn the__(字母表)before they start reading. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She speaks English (native)because she was born in Canada 2.We should show (appreciate)to those who help us in need. 3.The Internet has made the world more(connect)than ever before. 4.His (distinct)voice made him a popular radio host. 5. (Global),more and more people are concerned about environmental protection. 6.The museum displays many (ancestor)objects from the Ming Dynasty. 7.The dragon is (symbol)of power and luck in Chinese culture. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.汉字是世界上最古老的文字系统之一。 Chinese is one of the oldest systems in the world. 2.我们应该学会欣赏不同文化的独特之处。 We should learn to the of different cultures. J 高中必修一人教 【词汇精讲】 Unit 5 Languages around the world 3.这座桥是连接两个城市的重要象征。 The bridge is an important connects the two cities. 4.全球变暖对所有国家都是一个严峻的挑战。 is a serious challenge for all countries. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Chinese characters have a long history.They began as symbols on bones and later developed into a complex writing system.Our(ancestor)created these characters to record their daily life and ideas.Over time,calligraphy became an art form,with people (appreciate)the beauty of each stroke. Today,Chinese characters are not only used in China but also (global)recognized as a cultural treasure.They are more than just (symbol);they carry the wisdom of ancient (civil- isation).Learning to write characters helps people understand Chinese culture more (deep). Many foreigners now study Chinese calligraphy to experience its charm. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.natives 2.civilisations 3.distinction 4.calligraphy 5.symbol 6.alphabet L.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.natively 2.appreciation 3.connected 4.distinctive 5.Globally 6.ancestral 7. symbolic I.完成句子 1.writing;writing 2.appreciate;distinctiveness 3.symbol that/which 4.Global warming V.语篇填空 1.ancestors 2.appreciating 3.globally 4.symbols 5.civilisations 6.deeply 6