Unit 4 Literature for Self-Understanding 一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第一册（冀教版）

高中选修1冀教版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Literature for Self-Understanding 词汇精讲 Unit4】Literature for Self-Understanding 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 librarian/lar'brearian/.n.图书管 ceiling/'si:l/n.天花板；顶棚痛苦的 理员：图书馆馆长 stare /ste()/v.盯着看；凝视 manner/'me1e)/n.方式：举 novel/nDvl/n.(长篇)小说 shelf /felf/n.架子，搁板 止：规矩 affect/'fekt/v.影响：侵袭 overcome/,.av3'km/V.战胜；kingdom/'k)dam/n.王国 decade/'dekerd/n.十年 克服 tolerate/'tolareit//v.容许；忍受 aisle/arl/n.走道，过道 accompany /a'kAmpani/v.陪伴；delay/d'le/v.n.延迟；延期： tremble/'trembl/v.颤抖：极担伴随 延迟的时间 心 smash/sme/v.撞毁（车辆）；innocent/'msnt/adj.无辜的： worn /wo:n/adj.用坏的：用的 打碎 清白的 brilliant/'brili3nt/adj.明亮的；salesman/seilzman/n.售货员；royal/roIal/adn.国王的：皇 巧妙的 推销员 家的：王室成员 gentle/d3 entl/adj..柔和的：文commentary/komantri/n.批humble/'hAmb/adj.低劣的；简 静的 评：注释 陋的 migration/mar'gren/n.迁移；grab/greb/v.抓住；攫取 rural/'roaral/adj.乡村的：农村 迁徙 tragedy/'tred3adi/n.悲剧作品：的 volume/'vplju:m/n.音量；体积悲剧 autobiographical/:ta bars'graefikl/ embarrassed/m'baerast/adj.窘murder /'m3:da)/v.h.谋杀；adj.自传体的 迫的；尴尬的 凶杀 decline /dr'klain/n.衰弱；减少 stretch/stretf/v.延伸：绵延 cruel/ku:l/adj.残酷的：引起 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.librarian /lar'brearian//n.图书管理员；图书馆馆长 动词形式：librate(整理图书馆，较少用) 构词解析：词根libr-（书)+后缀-arian(表“从事…职业的人”)。 同类词：musician(音乐家)、technician(技术员) 例句：The librarian helped me find the history books on the top shelf.. 1 高中选修1冀教版 【词汇精讲】Unit4 Literature for Self-.Understanding 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1同步练习）：The (library)showed us how to use the online catalog (答案：librarian) 2.affect/A'fekt/v.影响：侵袭 名词形式：effect(影响，效果) 形容词形式：effective(有效的) 构词解析：前缀af.(加强意义)+词根fect(做)，“做出来的结果”即“影响”。 固定搭配：have an effect on(对…有影响) 例句：Stress can affect both physical and mental health 真题链接（冀教版高中选修I教材例句）：The new policy will greatly affect the local economy. 3.brilliant/'briliant/adj.明亮的；巧妙的 名词形式：brilliance（光辉；才华) 副词形式：brilliantly(出色地) 构词解析：词根bill.(发光)+后缀-ant(构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”)。 例句：She gave a brilliant performance at the concert last night 真题链接（冀教版高中选修I同步练习）：The scientist made a(brilliance)discovery in the field of medicine.(答案：brilliant) 4.migr ation /mar'gren/n.迁移；迁徙 动词形式：migrate(迁移：迁徙) 构词解析：词根migr-(移动)+后缀-ation(构成名词，表“动作或过程”)。 The annual migration of birds is a spectacular natural phenomenon. 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1教材例句）：Many animals begin their migration south in autumn, 5.embarrassed/m'baerast/adj.窘迫的；尴尬的 动词形式：embarrass(使尴尬) 名词形式：embarrassment(尴尬) 构词解析：前缀em-(使…)+词根barrass(阻碍)，“使受阻”引申为“使尴尬”；后缀-ed(表 “感到…的”)。 例句：He felt embarrassed when he forgot his lines on stage. 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1同步练习）：She tried to hide her(embarrass)by looking down at her shoes.(答案：embarrassment) 6.overcome/,v3'km/V.战胜：克服 过去式/过去分词：overcame/overcome 构词解析：前缀over-(越过：战胜)+动词come(来)，“越过困难而来”即“克服”。 固定搭配：overcome difficulties(克服困难) 例句：We must overcome our fear of failure to achieve success. 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1教材例句）：With his help,she finally overcame her shyness. 7.accompany/A'kAmpani/v.陪伴：伴随 2 高中选修1冀教版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Literature for Self-Understanding 名词形式：accompaniment(陪伴：伴奏) 构词解析：前缀ac(加强意义)+词根company(伙伴)，“成为伙伴”即“陪伴”。 例句：Her mother accompanied her to the airport. 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1同步练习)：The singer was」 (accompany)by a piano during the performance.(答案：accompanied) 8.murder/m3:da(r)/v./n.谋杀：凶杀 名词形式：murderer(凶手) 构词解析：词根murd-（死亡)+后缀-er（表“做某事的人”)。 例句：The police are investigating the murder that happened last night 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1同步练习）：The_(murder)was arrested by the police after a week- long search.（答案：murderer) 9.tolerate/'tolerert/v.容许；忍受 形容词形式：tolerant(宽容的) 名词形式：tolerance(宽容：容忍) 构词解析：前缀tol.(忍受)+后缀-ate(构成动词)：-ant(构成形容词)：-ance(构成名词)。 例句：We should tolerate different opinions in a discussion. 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1同步练习）：Her_(tolerate)of others'mistakes made her popular among classmates..(答案：tolerance) l0.innocent/m3snt/adj.无辜的：清白的 名词形式：innocence(无辜；清白) 构词解析：前缀n-(否定)+词根noc-(伤害)，“不伤害他人的”即“无辜的”。 例句：The suspect proved his innocent with new evidence. 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1教材例句）：She was shocked to hear that the innocent man had been in prison for ten years l1.rural/ruaral/ad.乡村的：农村的 反义词：urban(城市的) 构词解析：词根ur-（乡村)+后缀-al(构成形容词，表“…的”)。 例句：The government is working to improve rural education. 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1同步练习)： (Rural)areas have seen great changes in recent years. (答案：Rural) l2.autobiographical/,:te bare'graefikl/adj.自传体的 名词形式：autobiography(自传) 构词解析：前缀auto-（自己)+bio-(生命)+grph-（写)+后缀-ical(构成形容词)，“自己写自 己的生命”即“自传体的”。 例句：The novel is based on the author's autobiographical experiences.. 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1同步练习）：This book is an(autobiography)account of the writer's childhood.(答案：autobiographical) 3 高中选修1冀教版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Literature for Self-Understanding l3.decline/dr'klam/n.衰弱：减少 动词形式：decline(下降；拒绝) 构词解析：前缀de-(向下)+词根clim-(倾斜)，“向下倾斜”即“衰弱：减少”。 例句：The company's profits have been in decline since last year. 真题链接（冀教版高中选修1教材例句）：He declined the invitation to the party because of illness. 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (图书管理员)helped students find reference books in the library. 2.We should show (to people with different cultural backgrounds. 3.The (of elephants to the new reserve took three months. 4.Her (made her face turn red when she forgot her lines. 5.The (was caught by the police after a two-day chase. 6.The written by the author became a bestseller last year. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The new policy will (affect)the lives of millions of people in the area. 2.She gave a (brilliant)speech at the graduation ceremony last week. 3.Many birds (migrate)to warmer places before winter comes. 4.The singer was_ (accompany)by a violinist during her performance. 5.His (innocence)was proven with the help of the new evidence 6.The company's profits have been in (decline)since last quarter 7.We need to (overcome)many difficulties to achieve our goals. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这位科学家在医学领域取得了一项重大发现。 The scientist made a in the field of medicine. 2.压力会影响你的身心健康。 Stress can both your physical and health. 4 高中选修1冀教版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 4 Literature for Self-Understanding 3.政府正努力改善农村地区的医疗条件。 The government is working to improve medical conditions in 4.她为自己在英语演讲比赛中的出色表现感到自豪。 She was proud of her in the English speech contest. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Every autumn,the (migrate)of birds is a amazing sight.They fly thousands of kilometers to escape the cold.This natural phenomenon has(brilliant)inspired many poets and artists. Last year,I visited a (rural)area where locals told stories about bird migration.An old (librarian)showed me a book of paintings these joumneys.She said the birds'courage to (overcome)challenges was a lesson for humans. One story touched me most:a young bird got lost but finally found its group with the help of other animals.This story taught me the importance of (tolerate)and teamwork. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.librarian 2.tolerance 3.migration 4.embarrassment 5.murderer 6.autobiography Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.affect 2.brilliant 3.migrate 4.accompanied 5.innocence 6.decline 7.overcome I.完成句子 1.brilliant discovery 2.affect;mental 3.rural areas 4.brilliant performance V.语篇填空 1.migration 2.brilliantly 3.rural 4.librarian 5.overcome 6.tolerance 5