Unit 4 Approaching Classics B部分-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（沪外版）

高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【词汇精讲】 Unit4 Approaching Classics B部分 词汇精讲 Unit4 Approaching Classics B部分 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 cock /kpk/n.公鸡，口拓展词 第三人称单数现在式，口拓展(adj.高兴的) crow /kr/v.(雄鸡)（尤指在词 prevail /pri'veIl/v.普遍存在；盛 清晨)啼叫，打鸣，口拓展词fare /fea()/v.成功（或不成功、行，口拓展词 chirp /tJ3:p/v.（鸟)唧啾，吱更好等)，口拓展词 be occupied in短语忙着（做某 喳，啁啾，口拓展词 bare /bea)/adj.(树木或村野)事) doth/dθ/v.(时用法)do的第光秃秃的；（土地）荒芜的，核pursuit /p'sjut/n.追求；寻找， 三人称单数现在式，口拓展词心词 口拓展词 glitter/'glita(r)/V.闪亮；闪耀；exclaim/ik'skleim/v.(因高兴untrustworthy /An'trAstw3:δi/ 光彩夺目，口拓展词 或激动)高喊，喊叫，口拓展词adj.不忠诚的；不可信任的： cattle/'ketl/n.牛，核心词 anon/a'npn/adv.不久；很快，口不可信赖的，☐拓展词，变形： graze/grez/v.(牛、羊等)（在拓展词 trustworthy(adj.可靠的) 草地上)吃青草，口拓展词 delight/d'lart/n.高兴；愉快： hath /hae/v.(时用法)have的喜悦，核心词，变形：delighted 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.bare /bea()/adj.(树木或村野)光秃秃的：（土地）荒芜的 词汇变形 动词形式：bare(露出，揭开，较少用) 副词形式：barely(几乎不，仅仅) 构词解析 后缀y:加在形容词后构成副词，此处“barely”为引申义。 例句：The mountain is bare in winter because all the leaves have fallen. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：He_passed the exam,scoring only61 points. (答案：barely) 2.delight/d'lart/n.高兴；愉快；喜悦 词汇变形 形容词形式：delighted(高兴的) 副词形式：delightedly(高兴地) 1 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【词汇精讲】 Unit4 Approaching Classics B部分 动词形式：delight(使高兴) 构词解析 后缀-d:加在名词后构成形容词，表“感到…的”；-ly构成副词。 同类词：excited(兴奋的)、surprised(惊讶的) 例句：Her face was full of delight when she received the gift. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四教材例句）：We were delighted to hear the good news. 3.untrustworthy/An'trAstw3:δi/adj.不忠诚的；不可信任的；不可信赖的 词汇变形 反义词：trustworthy(adj.可靠的，可信赖的) 名词形式：trust(信任)；动词形式：trust(信任) 构词解析 前缀un-:表否定，加在形容词前构成反义词；后缀-worthy:表“值得…的”。 拆解：n-(否定)+tust(信任)+-worthy(值得的)→“不值得信任的”。 例句：No one wants to work with an untrustworthy person. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：It's important to choose a friend who will always support you.(答案：trustworthy) 4.pursuit/pa'sju:t/n.追求；寻找 词汇变形 动词形式：pursue(追求，追赶) 构词解析 后缀-it:构成名词，由动词“purs1e”去“e”加“-it”构成。 例句：His lifelong pursuit is to help poor children get an education. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四阅读拓展）：She pursued her dream of becoming a doctor despite many difficulties. 5.prevail /prI'vel/v.普遍存在：盛行 词汇变形 名词形式：prevalence(流行，普遍) 形容词形式：prevalent（普遍的，盛行的) 构词解析 前缀pre-:表“前，预先”；后缀-ail:构成动词；-ence构成名词，-ent构成形容词。 例句：Traditional customs still prevail in many rural areas.. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四单元检测）：The of smartphones has changed people's daily life greatly..(答案：prevalence) 6.exclaim/k'sklerm/v.(因高兴或激动)高喊，喊叫 词汇变形 名词形式：exclamation(感叹，惊叫) 形容词形式：exclamatory(感叹的，惊叫的) 构词解析 2 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【词汇精讲】 Unit4 Approaching Classics B部分 前缀ex-:表“向外，完全”；词根claim(喊叫)：后缀-ation构成名词，-atoy构成形容词。 同类词：claim(声称)→exclaim（向外喊→惊叫) 例句：She exclaimed with joy when she saw her old friend. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四语法填空）：“What a beautiful day!”he loudly..(答案： exclaimed) 7.glitter/'glita(r)/v.闪亮：闪耀：光彩夺目 词汇变形 名词形式：glitter(闪光，闪耀) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，动词和名词同形，属于“同源同形词”。 例句：The stars glitter in the dark sky on a clear night. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四课文原句）：The diamond necklace glittered under the light. 8.cattle/'ketl/n.牛 词汇变形 单复数同形：cattle(无单数形式，“一头牛”用“acow心ull”) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，属于集合名词，本身表示复数概念。 例句：The farmer has a large herd of cattle on his farm. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四词汇运用）：These are raised for both milk and meat.(答 案：cattle) 9.graze/greiz/v.(牛、羊等)（在草地上）吃青草 词汇变形 名词形式：grazing(放牧，牧草) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，动词派生名词时加“-ig”表动作或状态。 例句：The sheep graze peacefully in the meadow all day.. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四阅读理解)：Farmers need to rotate pastures to ensure enough grass for grazing l0.be occupied in短语忙着（做某事） 词汇变形 动词形式：occupy(占用，占据) 名词形式：occupation(职业，占用) 构词解析 前缀oc-(=ob-,表“加强"”)+cupy(抓，拿)→occupy(抓住→占用)；短语中“occupied”为过 去分词作表语。 固定搭配：be occupied in doing sth.=be busy in doing sth 例句：She is occupied in preparing for the upcoming exam 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四完形填空）：He in reading all morning and didn't notice the 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【词汇精讲】 Unit4 Approaching Classics B部分 time passing.(答案：was occupied) 11.chirp∫3p/V.(鸟)唧啾，吱喳，啁啾 词汇变形 名词形式：chip(鸟鸣声，唧唧声) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，动词和名词同形，模拟鸟叫的拟声词。 例句：The birds chirp happily in the tree outside my window every morning 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四听力材料）：We could hear the_of sparrows from the garden, (答案：chirp) 12.crow /ki/v.(雄鸡)（尤指在清晨）啼叫，打鸣 词汇变形 名词形式：crow(乌鸦：鸡叫声) 构词解析 无明显前后缀，动词和名词同形，部分拟声词特征。 例句：The rooster crows at dawn,waking ever yone up. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修四单元测试）：The sound of the_woke me up early this morning. (答案：crow) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (of happiness is a basic human right for everyone. 2.The (of online shopping has made our life more convenient. 3.The little girl let out an (of joy when she saw the cute cat. 4.His (from the meeting yesterday was due to illness 5.We need to choose a__(可信赖的)partner for this important project 6.The farmer has a large number of (on his farm. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She (delight)at the news that she was admitted to her dream university. 2.The stars(glitter)brightly in the dark sky on a clear night. 3.He has been (occupy)in writing his new novel all this week. 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【词汇精讲】 Unit4 Approaching Classics B部分 4.The (pursue)of knowledge should be a lifelong goal for everyone. 5.The (prevalent)of smartphones has changed the way people communicate. 6.The birds (chirp)happily in the trees outside the window every morning. 7.He (bare)passed the driving test after practicing for three months. 8.The rooster (crow)at dawn,waking up the whole village. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.尽管困难重重，她仍然坚持追求自己的梦想。 She her dream despite many difficulties. 2.他几乎不能理解老师在课堂上讲的内容。 He what the teacher said in class. 3.这个小女孩看到礼物时脸上洋溢着喜悦。 The little girl's face was full of when she saw the gift. 4.农民需要轮换牧场以确保有足够的牧草供牛群食用。 Farmers need to rotate pastures to ensure enough grass for cattle to 5.传统习俗在许多农村地区仍然盛行。 Traditional customs still Lin many rural areas. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In a small village,the fields are (bare)in winter,and the trees have lost all their leaves.How- ever,as spring comes,everything starts to change.Birds begin to(chirp)in the morning,and the rooster (crow)at dawn,waking up the villagers.A young farmer named Tom is always (occupy)in his work.His main(pursue)is to make his farm more productive.He be- lieves in choosing(trustworthy)people to work with,as teamwork is important.One day,Tom found a(glitter)stone in his field.He(exclaim)with surprise,thinking it might be valu- able.But he soon realized it was just a common stone.However,this experience didn't stop him from his efforts.He knows that success comes from hard work and the(prevail)of positive attitudes.In the end,Tom's farm became the most successful one in the village.Everyone admired his dedication and said that his (delight)in farming was the key to his success. 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 【词汇精讲】 Unit4 Approaching Classics B部分 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.pursuit 2.prevalence 3.exclamation 4.absence 5.trustworthy 6.cattle Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.was delighted 2.glitter 3.occupied 4.pursuit 5.prevalence 6.chirp 7.barely 8.crows I.完成句子 1.pursued her 2.barely understood 3.delight 4.graze 5.prevail V.语篇填空 1.bare 2.chirp 3.crows 4.occupied 5.pursuit 6.trustworthy 7.glittering 6 exclaimed 9.prevalence 10.delight 6