Unit 2 Learning about Trade and Economy A部分-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（沪外版）

高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇精讲 Unit 2 Learning about Trade and Economy A部分 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 humour/'hju mat(r)/n.幽默；诙anecdote/'enikdaut//n.轶事；趣awkward/'p:kwed/adj.令人尴 谐（核心词，美式拼写humor)闻（口拓展词） 尬的：笨拙的（核心词） laughter/'1afta/n.笑；笑声comedian /ka'mi:dian/n.喜剧演burst/b3st/v.爆发：突发（核心 (核心词，变形：laugh(v.n.笑)员；滑稽演员（核心词，变形：词，过去式bust,过去分词burst) wity/wIti/adj.机智的：诙谐的comedy(n.喜剧)) giggle/'gIgl/v.h.咯咯笑：傻笑 (核心词，变形：wit(n.机智)amuse'mjuz/v.逗乐使发笑（核心词） sarcastic/sa:'kaestik/adj..讽刺（核心词，变形：amusement(n.chuckle/'tk/v.h.轻声笑；暗 的：挖苦的（口拓展词，变形：娱乐）) 自笑（核心词） sarcasm(n.讽刺)) entertain/.ent'teIn/v.娱乐；招profound/pr3'faund/adj.深远 irony/'arrsni/n.反语：讽刺（口待（核心词，变形：entertainment的：深刻的（☐拓展词） 拓展词) (n.娱乐) perspective /p3'spektIv/n.看法： exaggeration /ig,zed3'ren/n.relieve /r'li:v/v.缓解；减轻（核视角（核心词（复用）) 夸张：夸大（口拓展词，变形：心词，变形：relief(n.缓解）)lighten up/'lartn Ap/短语，放松 exaggerate(v.夸张)) tense/tens//adj.紧张的：绷紧的点；别那么严肃 absurd /ab's3:d/adj.荒谬的：荒（核心词，变形：tension(n.紧 唐的（核心词） 张) 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.humorous/hju:mar3s/adj.幽默的；滑稽的 词汇变形 名词形式：humor(美式)/humour(英式) 构词解析 后缀-oS:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 同类词：dangerous(危险的)、famous（著名的) 例句：The comedian's humorous stories made the audience laugh loudly.. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：His(humour)speech lightened up the tense atmosphere..（答案：humorous) 1 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.witty/'wti/adj.机智的；诙谐的 词汇变形 名词形式：wit(机智) 构词解析 后缀y:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“具有…特征的”。 同类词：angy(生气的)、cloudy(多云的) 例句：She gave a witty response to the reporter's tricky question. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句)：Mark Twain was known for his witty remarks and humorous novels. 3.sarcastic/sa:'kaestik/adj.讽刺的：挖苦的 词汇变形 名词形式：sarcasm(讽刺) 构词解析 后缀c:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“与…有关的：具有…性质的”。 同类词：magic(有魔力的)、music一→musical（音乐的) 例句：His sarcastic comments made everyone in the room feel awkward. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：Don't take his_(sarcasm)words seriously, he just likes joking.(答案：sarcastic) 4.exaggeration/1g.zed33'reIn/n.夸张；夸大 词汇变形 动词形式：exaggerate(夸张) 构词解析 前缀ex-:表“加强”；后缀-ation:加在动词后，构成名词，表“动作或过程”。 同类词：educate→education(教育)、celebrate→celebration(庆祝) 例句：The story he told was full of exaggeration;:it could't be true. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：t'sn (exaggerate)to say that the movie is the best of the year.(答案：exaggeration) 5.comedian3'mi:dien/n.喜剧演员：滑稽演员 词汇变形 名词形式：comedy(喜剧) 构词解析 后缀in:加在名词后，表“从事…职业的人”。 同类词：music→musician（音乐家)、politics→politician(政治家) The comedian's performance was so funny that the audience burst into laughter. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：Charlie Chaplin is one of the most famous comedians in the history of cinema. 6.amuse /3'mju:z/v.逗乐；使发笑 词汇变形 2 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 词汇变形及词缀精讲 名词形式：amusement(娱乐) 构词解析 前缀a-:表“加强”；后缀-ment:加在动词后，构成名词，表“行为或结果”。 同类词：enjoy→enjoyment(享受)、develop→development(发展) 例句：The clown's funny actions amused all the children at the party. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：We were filled with (amuse)when we watched the funny video.（答案：amusement) 7.entertain/,ente'ten/v.娱乐；招待 词汇变形 名词形式：entertainment(娱乐) 构词解析 前缀enter-:表“进入”；后缀-ment:加在动词后，构成名词，表“行为或状态”。 同类词：move→movement(移动)、govern→government(政府) 例句：The hotel entertains guests with live music every weekend. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：Watching movies is one of the most popular forms of (entertain)today.（答案：entertainment) 8.relieve /rI'liv/v.缓解；减轻 词汇变形 名词形式：relief(缓解) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“再次”；后缀-if:构成名词，表“状态或结果”。 同类词：believe→belief(信念)、grieve→grief(悲伤) 例句：Taking a walk after dinner can relieve stress from work. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：To our( (relieve),the storm passed quickly and no one was hurt.(答案：relief) 9.tense/tens/adj.紧张的：绷紧的 词汇变形 名词形式：tension(紧张) 构词解析 后缀-son:加在形容词后，构成名词，表“状态或性质”。 同类词：extend→extension(延伸)、express→expression(表达) 例句：The tense atmosphere in the room made it hard to breathe. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：Yoga can help reduce tension and improve mental health. 10.burst /b3stv.爆发：突发 词汇变形 过去式过去分词：burt(不规则变化) 构词解析 3 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 词汇变形及词缀精讲 无明显前后缀，属于不规则动词，需特殊记忆。 同类词：cut一→cut（切)、put一→put(放) 例句：She burst into laughter when she heard the funny joke. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：The crowd(burst)into cheers when the team scored the winning goal..(答案：burst) l1.profound/pr3 faund/adj.深远的：深刻的 词汇变形 名词形式：profundity(深奥；深刻) 构词解析 前缀pro-:表“向前”；后缀foun:源自拉丁语“fundus”(底部)，合表“直达底部的”；-ity:构 成名词，表“性质”。 同类词：difficult→difficulty(困难)、able→ability(能力) 例句：His speech had a profound influence on the young generation. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：The book explores the (profound)of human nature through vivid stories.(答案：profundity) l2.perspective /p3'spektrv//n.看法：视角 词汇变形 动词形式：perspectivize(使有透视感，较少用) 构词解析 前缀per:表“完全”；词根spect:表“看”；后缀-ive:构成名词，表“…的状态或结果”。 同类词：inspect(检查)、respect(尊敬) From a historical perspective,this event changed the course of the country. 真题链接（沪外版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：We need to consider the problem from different (perspective)to find a solution.(答案：perspectives) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (喜剧演员)told a series of funny stories and made the audience laugh. 2.Her (机智的)answer showed that she was quick-minded 3.There was a (深刻的)change in his attitude after the accident, 4.The (between the two countries has eased recently. 5.We all (into applause when the singer finished her performance. 6.Reading is a good way to find in daily life. 4 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 词汇变形及词缀精讲 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The storyteller's (humor)style attracted many listeners. 2.He couldn'thide his (amuse)when he saw the dog wearing a hat. 3.The doctor's words brought great (relieve)to the worried family. 4.It'san (exaggerate)to say that he never makes mistakes. 5.The (sarcasm)comment hurt her feelings deeply. 6.She has a (profoundly)understanding of classical music. 7.From a historical (perspective),this event is of great significance. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这部电影通过幽默和讽刺探讨了社会问题。 The movie explores social issues through and 2.他的演讲缓解了会议上的紧张气氛。 His speech」 the atmosphere at the meeting. 3.观众爆发出笑声，因为喜剧演员的表演太滑稽了。 The audience because the comedian's performance was so funny. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Mr.Brown is a famous (comedy).His performances are full of_ (humorous)and witty remarks,which always (amuse)the audience.Last week,he gave a speech about the impor- tance of (entertain)in life.He said that laughter could (relieve)stress and bring people closer.During the speech,there was a moment of(tense)when a technical problem occurred, but his (sarcastic)joke quickly lightened the mood.Everyone agreed that his words had a (profound)influence on them.From that (perspective),humor is truly a powerful tool in communication. 参考答案 5 高中选择性必修第四册沪外版 词汇变形及词缀精讲 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.comedian 2.witty 3.profound 4.tension 5.burst 6.entertainment Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.humorous 2.amusement 3.relief 4.exaggeration 5.sarcastic 6.profound 7. perspective I.完成句子 1.humor;sarcasm 2.relieved;tense 3.burst into laughter V.语篇填空 1.comedian 2.humor 3.amuse 4.entertainment 5.relieve 6.tension 7.sarcastic 8.profound 9.perspective 6