Unit 4 Sports B部分-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第二册（沪外版）

高中沪外版必修第二册 【Unit4 Sports B部分】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇精讲 【Unit4】Sports B部分 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 bend /bend/v.使弯曲；（尤指人胜负；抽签：抽彩；标签 stadium/'steldiam/m.体育场；运 的身体或头部)（使）倾斜，偏△friendly/'frendli/n.(足球等动场（通常带观众席） 向 的)友谊赛 spot/spDt/h.地点；场所 German/'d33mn/adj.德国的 △pitch /pItf/n.(体育比赛的) incredibly/m'kredabli/adv.极端 △penalty area/'penalti'earia/m.场地；球场 地：极其 (足球/足球)罚球区；禁区△pep talk/pep to:k/n.鼓励的△yell /jel/v.(因愤怒、激动、 net /net/n.(体育运动)球门网；话：鼓舞士气的话 害怕或疼痛)叫喊；大喊；吼叫 网：网状物 △relieve /rI'li:v/w.解除；减轻：△groan/gram/w.(因懊恼、沮 gol/galh.射门：投篮：得分：缓和（不快或痛苦） 丧或痛苦)呻吟；叹息：哼 球门：进球得分 △crack /kraek/v.破裂；裂开；断△crossbar/krDsba:)h.（足 relief /r'li:fn.(不快过后的)裂 球球门的)两根垂直门柱间的 宽慰：轻松：解脱 △goalkeeper/gaulki:pa(r)/n.横梁 scream/skri:m/w.(因伤痛、害（足球、曲棍球等）守门员 bounce /bauns/v.(使物体)从 怕、激动等)尖叫，惊叫 roll /raul/.(使)翻滚，滚动 表面快速弹起、弹跳 △referee/ref3rin.(某些体breath /bree/n.一次吸入的空crowd/kraud/n.人群；观众（尤 育运动的)裁判，裁判员 气：呼吸 指街头或体育赛事中聚集的人) △whistle/'wIsl/n.哨子 calm /kam/w.(使某人)平静，△gutted/'gstd/adj.(非正式) △full-ime/fol tamm/n.(体育镇静，安静；ad.镇静的：沉着十分伤心的：极度失望的：非常 运动的)全场比赛结束时间：终的（不激动、不紧张） 沮丧的 场 roar /ro)n.(尤指狮子的)咆 draw/don.平局：和局：不分哮；（人的）吼叫 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.German/d33man/ad.德国的：n.德国人；德语 词汇变形 名词形式（国家）：Germany(德国) 构词解析 后缀-an:加在地名后，表“..的：…人”。 同类词：Asian(亚洲的：亚洲人)←-Asia(亚洲)、African(非洲的：非洲人)←-Africa(非洲) 高中沪外版必修第二册 【Umit4 Sports B部分】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：My new pen pal is German and she lives in Berlin. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册同步练习)：The (Germany)team won the World Cup in 2014. (答案：German) 2.relief /rI'lifn.(不快过后的)宽慰：轻松：解脱 词汇变形 动词形式：relieve(解除；减轻) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“再次、向后”：后缀-ief:构成名词；-ieve构成动词。 例句：The doctor's words brought great relief to the worried family. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册教材例句）：It was a relief to see that ever'yone was safe after the accident. 3.calm /ka:m/w.(使某人)平静，镇静，安静：adj.镇静的；沉着的 词汇变形 副词形式：calmly 名词形式：calmness 构词解析 后缀y:构成副词；-ness:加在形容词后构成名词，表“性质、状态”。 例句：She took a deep breath to calm herself down before the speech. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册同步练习）：The teacher asked the students to remain (calm) during the exam.(答案：calm) 4.incredibly/n'kredabli/adv.极端地；极其 词汇变形 形容词形式：incredible(难以置信的：极好的) 构词解析 前缀in-:表“不、无”；后缀-ibl:构成形容词，表“可.的”；y:构成副词。 同类词：terrible(可怕的)一terribly(非常)、possible(可能的)→possibly(可能地) 例句：The view from the top of the mountain is incredibly beautiful. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册同步练习）：It's(incredible)that he finished the task in such a short time.(答案：incredible) 5.crowd /kraod/n.人群；观众：V.挤满；塞满 词汇变形 形容词形式：crowded(拥挤的) 构词解析 后缀-e:加在名词后构成形容词，表“充满..的：有.的”。 Thousands of people crowded into the stadium to watch the football match. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册教材例句）：The streets are always crowded with people on weekends. 6.friend /frend/n.朋友（注：任务输入中“friendly”为名词“友谊赛”，此处以基础词汇“friend”为 2 高中沪外版必修第二册 【Umit4 Sports B部分】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 核心讲解构词) 词汇变形 形容词形式：friendly(友好的：友谊赛) 副词形式：friendlily 构词解析 后缀y:加在名词后构成形容词，表“像..的：有..性质的”。 例句：Our new neighbor is very friendly and often helps us. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册同步练习)：She greeted us with a(friend)smile.(答案： friendly) 7.danger/'demnd3a(r)m.危险（注：任务输入中无该词，因“friendly”构词需同类词示例，补充基础 词辅助理解) 词汇变形 形容词形式：dangerous(危险的) 构词解析 后缀-oS:加在名词后构成形容词，表“具有性质的”。 同类词：famous(著名的)、humorous(幽默的) 例句：It's dangerous to swim in the river without adult supervision.. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册同步练习）：The workers are working in a__(danger)environ- ment.(答案：dangerous) 8.relief /r'lifn.宽慰：v.relieve(解除)（重复选取以强调构词，任务输入中“relieve”为带口词汇， 需重点讲解) 词汇变形 形容词形式：relieved(感到宽慰的) 构词解析 后缀-ed:加在动词后构成形容词，表“感到.的”。 例句：He felt relieved when he heard the good news. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册同步练习）：After the exam,the students looked (relieve). (答案：relieved) 9.spot/SpDt/h.地点：场所：v.发现；认出 词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：spotted 形容词形式：spotted(有斑点的) 构词解析 后缀-ed:加在动词后构成形容词或过去分词。 例句：She spotted her old friend in the crowd. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册同步练习）：The police一(spot)the thief at the train station yesterday.(答案：spotted) 10.Iol/~.翻滚：滚动；n.卷；卷状物 3 高中沪外版必修第二册 【Unit4 Sports B部分】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：rolled 现在分词：rolling 构词解析 规则动词变形，-ed构成过去式/过去分词，-ing构成现在分词。 例句：The ball rolled down the hill and stopped at the bottom. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册教材例句）：He rolled up his sleeves and started working. 11.scream/skri:m/v.尖叫：n.尖叫声 词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：screamed 现在分词：screaming 构词解析 规则动词变形，ed构成过去式/过去分词，-ing构成现在分词或动名词。 例句：The children screamed with excitement when they saw the clown 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册同步练习）：She(scream)loudly when she saw the snake. (答案：screamed) 12.bounce /bauns/v.弹跳；n.弹跳 词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：bounced 现在分词：bouncing 构词解析 规则动词变形，-ed构成过去式过去分词，-ig构成现在分词。 例句：The ball bounced off the wall and hit the floor. 真题链接（沪外版高中必修第二册教材例句）：He bounced the ball three times before shooting. 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The doctor's words brought great (宽慰)to the worried family 7.We need to stay _(镇静的)when facing difficulties, 8.The (德国的)culture has a long history and rich traditions. 9.There was a large(waiting outside the concert hall. 10.It's (危险的)to cross the road without looking both ways. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 4 高中沪外版必修第二册 【Umit4 Sports B部分】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.She greeted us with a (friend)smile. 2.The view from the top of the mountain is(incredible)beautiful. 3.He felt(relieve)when he heard the good news. 4.The police (spot)the thief at the train station yesterday. 5.She (scream)loudly when she saw the snake 6.The streets are always(crowd)with people on weekends. 7.He(roll)up his sleeves and started working 8.The children were (bounce)the ball in the yard. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.听到这个好消息，她感到如释重负。 She felt when she heard the good news. 2.请保持冷静，一切都会好起来的。 Please everything will be all right 3.他昨天在公园里发现了一只迷路的小猫。 He a lost kitten in the park yesterday. 4.足球弹到墙上，然后落在了地上。 The football off the wall and landed on the ground. 5.德国人以他们的啤酒和香肠而闻名。 are famous for their beer and sausages. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 5 高中沪外版必修第二册 【Umit4 Sports B部分】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 Last weekend,I went to a music festival with my friends.The place was (crowd)with people from different countries.A(Germany)band was playing on the stage,and their music was (incredible)energetic. During the performance,a little girl got lost.Her mother was so worried that she almost (scream).Some volunteers helped to look for the girl.Finally,a kind man(spot)her near the food area.The mother felt(relieve)and thanked everyone. After the festival,we walked along the street.The night was peaceful,and we talked (calm) about our favorite songs.It was a great day,full of fun and surprises. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.relief 7.calm 8.German 9.crowd 10.dangerous IL.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.friendly 2.incredibly 3.relieved 4.spotted 5.screamed 6.crowded 7.rolled 8.bouncing I.完成句子 1.relieved 2.stay calm 3.spotted 4.bounced 5.Germans V.语篇填空 1.crowded 2.German 3.incredibly 4.screamed 5.spotted 6.relieved 7.calmly 6