Unit 2 Language and Culture B部分-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第一册（沪外版）

高中必修第一册沪外版 【语言与文化】 Unit2词汇精讲 语言与文化】 【Unit2】Language and Culture B部分 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 fry /frai/n.炸薯条 △packet /'paekit/n.小包装纸袋，△sauce/sosn.调味汁；酱 △snail/snel/n.蜗牛 小硬纸板盒 △savoury/'servari/adj.咸味的 cheese/tfi:z/n.奶酪 △crisp /krisp/h.炸土豆片，炸snack/mekm.点心；小吃 amazed/'mezd/adj.大为惊奇薯片 embarrassed/i'baerast/adj. 的 △gay/'grervi/n.(调味)肉指在社交场合)窘迫的，尴尬的 △portion/'p3n/m.（食物的)汁 △pants/paents/h.裤子 一份 salty/'so:lti/adj.含盐的：咸的△underwear/'ndawea(r)/m.内 △chip /tfp/m.炸薯条 based /beist/ad.(构成复合词)衣 plate /plet/n.盘子；碟子 以…为重要部分（或特征) 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.amazed/mezd/adj.大为惊奇的 动词形式：amaze(使惊奇) 名词形式：amazement(惊奇) 构词解析：后缀-ed:加在动词后构成形容词，表”感到…的”（修饰人）：同类后缀-ing表”令人 …的”（修饰事物)。 同类词：interested(感兴趣的)←-interest(使感兴趣)、excited(兴奋的)←-excite(使兴奋) 例句：She was amazed at the beautiful scenery in the mountains. 2.salty/'s:lti/adj.含盐的：咸的 名词形式：sat(盐) 构词解析：后缀-y:加在名词后构成形容词，表”具有…性质的：多…的”。 同类词：cloudy（多云的)←-cloud(云)、rainy(下雨的)←-rain(雨) 例句：The soup is too salty for me to drink. 3.embarrassed/im'baerast/adj.（尤指在社交场合)窘迫的，尴尬的 动词形式：embarrass（使窘迫) 名词形式：embarrassment（窘迫) 形容词（令人尴尬的）：embarrassing 高中必修第一册沪外版 【语言与文化】 Unit2词汇精讲 构词解析：后缀-ed:表”感到…的”：-ing:表”令人…的”。 例句：He felt embarrassed when he forgot his friend's name.. 4.-based /beist/adj.(构成复合词)以…为重要部分（或特征） 构词解析：后缀-basd:加在名词后构成形容词，表以…为基础的：以…为核心的”。 同类词：home-based(居家的)、computer-based(基于电脑的) This is a project-based learning course where students work on real tasks. 5.savoury/'servari/adj.咸味的 名词形式：savour(风味：滋味，英式)/savor(美式) 构词解析：后缀y:加在名词后构成形容词，表”有…味道的：具有…性质的”。 例句：She prefers savoury snacks like nuts and crackers to sweet ones. 6.portion/pn/m.(食物的)一份 动词形式：portion(分配：分摊) 构词解析：后缀-on:加在动词后构成名词，表”动作或动作的结果”。 同类词：action(行动)←-act(行动)、collection(收集)←-collect(收集) 例句：The waiter served a large portion of beef to each customer.. 7.packet/'pkt/h.小包装纸袋，小硬纸板盒 动词形式：pack（打包；包装) 构词解析：后缀-t:加在名词后构成名词，表”小的”（指体积或数量）。 同类词：wallet(钱包)←-wall(古英语”袋子”)、ticket(票)←-tick(标记) 例句：She bought a packet of chips from the convenience store. 8.sauce/s:sn.调味汁；酱 动词形式：sauce(给…调味，较少用) 构词解析：后缀-c:部分名词由动词词性转化而来，此处保留名词词性。 例句：We usually put tomato sauce on pizza 9.cis即/krIsp/n.炸土豆片，炸薯片 形容词形式：cisp(脆的；清爽的) 构词解析：词性转化：形容词”脆的”转化为名词”炸薯片”（因薯片口感脆而得名）。 例句：The salad has crisp lettuce and fresh tomatoes. l0.plate /plert/n.盘子；碟子 动词形式：plate(电镀：给…装盘子) 构词解析：词性转化：名词”盘子”转化为动词”装盘子；电镀”。 例句：She plated the cake with fresh strawberries before serving 11.snack/nek/n.点心：小吃 动词形式：snack(吃点心；吃零食) 高中必修第一册沪外版 【语言与文化】 Unit2词汇精讲 构词解析：词性转化：名词”点心”转化为动词？吃点心”。 例句：I often snack on apples when I feel hungry in the afternoon. 12.cheese /ti:z/h.奶酪 形容词形式：cheesy(干酪味的；劣质的，俚语) 构词解析：后缀-y:加在名词后构成形容词，表”有…味道的：像…的”。 例句：The pizza is covered with cheesy sauce and melted mozzarella, 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The soup istoo (咸的)because I added too much salt. 2.She felt (尴尬的)when she tripped in front of the class 3.This is a (基于项目的)course where students solve real-.world problems.. 4.My mom bought a_(小包装)of cookies for my afternoon snack. 5.The pizza was covered with tomato (and melted cheese. 6.He served a large()of fish to each guest at dinner. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The children were (amaze)by the magician's tricks. 2.Cloudy days make me feel(sleep),so I often take a nap. 3.Her_ (embarrass)made her face turn red immediately. 4.This dish has a strong(savour)of garlic and herbs. 5.They_ (portion)the cake into eight equal pieces for the party. 6.The company offers (home-based)jobs for people with children 7.The (cheesy)smell of the pizza filled the entire room 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.她对山里的美景感到非常惊奇。 She the beautiful scenery in the mountains. 3 高中必修第一册沪外版 【语言与文化】 Unit2词汇精讲 2.这道汤太咸了，我喝不了。 The soup is me to drink. 3.他忘记朋友名字时感到很尴尬。 He felt when he his friend's name. 4.我们通常在比萨上放番茄酱。 We usually tomato pizza. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Lily loves cooking,but she often makes mistakes.Yesterday,she tried to make soup but added too much salt.The soup was so (salt)that no one could drink it.She felt (embarrass)and ran to her room. Later,her mom came in with a(pack)of crackers."Don't worry,"she said."Let's turn it into a (savour)sauce for noodles!"Together,they(portion)the sauce into small jars.Lily was (amaze)by how well it worked. Now,Lily often experiments with recipes.She even created a (project-based)cooking club at school."Mistakes can be fun!"she always tells her friends. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.salty 2.embarrassed 3.project-based 4.packet 5.sauce 6.portion Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.amazed 2.sleepy 3.embarrassment 4.savour 5.portioned 6.home-based 7 cheesy I.完成句子 1.was amazed at 2.too salty for 3.embarrassed;forgot 4.put;sauce on V.语篇填空 1.salty 2.embarrassed 3.packet 4.savoury 5.portioned 6.amazed 7.project-based 4