Unit 3 Mind and body 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第三册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 【选择性必修第三册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇精讲 Unit 3 Mind and body 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 massive/'maesrv//adj.大量的；大予考虑 动的)速度；步速 规模的 volume/'vplju:m/n.卷；册；一 forehead/'fprid/n.前额 patience/'pems/n.耐心 册：一部分 curtain/'k3tn/n.窗帘：帐幕 ambition/em'bn/n.野心：雄proportion /pra'p:n/n.正确的 jaw/d/n.下巴：颚：(pl.)口 心：志向：抱负 比例：均衡 部；嘴 ivid/vIvid/adj..生动的；清晰muscle /'mAsl/n.肌肉 cheek/tfi:k/n.脸颊；脸蛋 的 *pearly/'p3li/adj.珍珠的；似pure /pjoa)/adj.非常清澈的： *nightmare/'naItmea()/n.噩珍珠的 纯正的 梦：梦魇 wrinkle/'rkl/v.(使)起皱纹； tale /terl/n.传说；故事 皱起；n.皱纹 reject /rI'd3ekt/v.拒绝接受；不pace /peis/v.来回踱步；n.(移 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.patience/'perfns/n.耐心 词汇变形 形容词形式：patient（有耐心的) 副词形式：patiently(耐心地) 构词解析 后缀-ence:构成抽象名词，表“性质、状态”：形容词形式对应-ent后缀：-y构成副词。 同类词：difference(差异)→different(不同的)、confidence(信心)→confident(自信的) 例句：Teaching young children requires a lot of patience and creativity. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：The nurse treated the old man (patience)and he felt very warm.(答案：patiently) 2.ambition/en'bun/n.野心；雄心：志向：抱负 词汇变形 形容词形式：ambitious(有雄心的：有野心的) 构词解析 后缀-ion:构成名词；形容词形式加后缀-ious,表“具有…性质的”。 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第三册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 同类词：nation(国家)→national(国家的)、education(教育)→educational(教育的) Her ambition is to become a famous scientist and make contributions to society. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三教材例句）：Young people should have lofty ambitions and work hard to achieve them. 3.ivid/'vivid/adj..生动的：清晰的 词汇变形 副词形式：vividly(生动地；清晰地) 名词形式：vividness(生动：清晰) 构词解析 后缀-id:构成形容词，表“具有…特征的”；y构成副词；ness构成名词。 同类词：solid(固体的)→solidly(坚固地)、apid(快速的)→rapidly(快速地) The author described the scene in the novel so vividly that readers could almost see it 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：The memory of her childhood is still (vivid) in her mind.(答案：vivid) 4.reject/r'd3ekt/v.拒绝接受：不予考虑 词汇变形 名词形式：rejection(拒绝；否决) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“反向、反对”；词根ject意为“投掷”（如eject“驱逐”、inject“注射”)：名词形式加 后缀-ion。 He was rejected by several universities before finally getting an offer 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三教材例句）：The proposal was rejected by the committee due to lack of practicality. 5.volume/'vplju:m/n.卷；册：一册：一部分 词汇变形 形容词形式：volumetric(体积的：容积的，术语) 构词解析 词根volu意为“滚动”（如evolve“进化”、revolve“旋转”）：-me为名词后缀，表“量、体积”。 This encyclopedia has 20 volumes,covering various fields of knowledge. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：The library has a large(volumetric)of books on history.(答案：volume) 6.proportion /pr3pn/n.正确的比例；均衡 词汇变形 形容词形式：proportional（成比例的；均衡的) 副词形式：proportionally(成比例地) 构词解析 前缀pro-:表“向前、按照”；词根portion意为“部分”；形容词加后缀-al,副词加-y。 固定搭配：in proportion to(与…成比例) 2 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第三册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 The height of the building is in proportion to its width,making it look harmonious. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：The number of students should be (proportion) to the size of the classroom.（答案：proportional) 7.pure /pjva(r)/adj.非常清澈的：纯正的 词汇变形 副词形式：purely(纯粹地：仅仅) 名词形式：purity(纯净：纯洁) 构词解析 后缀-e:构成形容词：y构成副词；名词形式去e加-ity（表“性质、状态”)。 同类词：secure(安全的)→security(安全)、curious(好奇的)→curiosity（好奇心) The water in the mountain stream is so pure that you can drink it directly 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三教材例句）：Her love for music is purely out of passion,.not for fame or money. 8.nuscle/mAsl/n.肌肉 词汇变形 形容词形式：muscular(肌肉的；肌肉发达的) 构词解析 后缀-cular:加在名词后构成形容词，表“与…相关的；具有…特征的”。 同类词：circle(圆)→circular(圆形的)、molecule(分子)→molecular(分子的) Regular exercise can help build strong muscles and improve physical health. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：The athlete has a strong (muscle)body and excellent performance.(答案：muscular) 9.wrinkle/r四k/v.(使)起皱纹；皱起；n.皱纹 词汇变形 形容词形式：wrinkled(有皱纹的) 构词解析 后缀：构成名词或动词，表“小的动作或状态”：过去分词形式作形容词，表“具有…特征的”。 同类词：tangle(缠结)→tangled(缠结的)、bundle(捆)→bundled(捆扎的) The old man's face was wrinkled with age,but his eyes were still bright. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习)：She_(wrinkle)her forehead when she heard the surprising news.(答案：wrinkled) l0.pace /pers/v.来回踱步：n.(移动的)速度；步速 词汇变形 形容词形式：paced(步调…的，如fast-paced“快节奏的”) 固定搭配：keep pace with(跟上…的步伐) 构词解析 词根pace意为“步、步伐”，动词和名词同形：过去分词形式作形容词，表“具有某种步调的”。 He paced up and down the room,thinking about how to solve the problem 3 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第三册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三教材例句）：We need to keep pace with the development of tech- nology to avoid falling behind. 11.nassive/'maesIv/adj.大量的：大规模的 词汇变形 名词形式：mass(质量：大量：块) 构词解析 词根mass意为“块、大量”；后缀ive:加在名词后构成形容词，表“具有…特征的”。 同类词：act(行动)→active(活跃的)、impress(印象)→impressive(令人印象深刻的) The company has made massive investments in renewable energy projects. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：The (mass)of information on the Internet makes it hard to find what we need.(答案：mass) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Teaching young children requires a lot of (耐心)and creativity.. 2.Her (is to become a famous scientist and make contributions to society. 3.The library has a large(卷；册)of books on history.. 4.The (of his proposal made him very disappointed. 5.The (体积)of this box is50 cubic centimeters. 6.We need to keep (步速)with the development of technology 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The nurse treated the old man(patience)and he felt very warm. 2.Young people should have lofty (ambition)and work hard to achieve them 3.The author described the scene in the novel so(vivid)that readers could almost see it. 4.He was(reject)by several universities before finally getting an offer 5.The number of students should be (proportion)to the size of the classroom 6.Her love for music is(pure)out of passion,not for fame or money. 7.The athlete has a strong (muscle)body and excellent performance. 4 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第三册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 8.She (wrinkle)her forehead when she heard the surprising news. 9.The memory of her childhood is still (vivid)in her mind. 10.The (mass)of information on the Internet makes it hard to find what we need. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这位老师对学生总是很有耐心。 The teacher is always students 2.他的身高和体重成比例，看起来很匀称。 His height is his weight,making him look harmonious. 3.这家公司在可再生能源项目上进行了大规模投资。 The company has made in renewable energy projects. 4.她的童年记忆仍然清晰地留在脑海中。 The memory of her childhood is still in her mind. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Reading can bring us a lot of benefits.A good book can describe scenes (vivid)and make us feel as if we are there.When we read,we need to have (patient)to understand the author's ideas.Some people have great(ambition)to read all the classics,but they should choose books (proportion)to their interests. Tom used to be a slow reader.He was often(reject)when applying for reading clubs because of his speed.His teacher suggested he practice reading(loud)every day to improve.With regular practice,Tom's reading speed increased,and he could keep(pace)with others.Now, he enjoys reading and has a(muscle)mind from all the knowledge he has gained.He even wrote a book report,which was praised for its(pure)of language and clear structure. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.patience 2.ambition 3.volume 4.rejection 5.volume 6.pace Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.patiently 2.ambitions 3.vividly 4.rejected 5.proportional 6.purely 7.muscular 8.wrinkled 9.vivid 10.mass 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第三册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 II.完成句子 1.patient with 2.in proportion to 3.massive investments 4.vividly remembered V,语篇填空 1.vividly 2.patience 3.ambitions 4.proportional 5.rejected 6.aloud 7.pace 8.muscular 9.purity 6