Unit 3 Choices三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第一册（沪教版）

高中必修第一册沪教版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 3 Choices 词汇精讲 【Unit3】Choices 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 prove /pru:v/v.证明：证实 assume/a'sju:m/v.假定；假设；junk food垃圾食品 retired'taad/adj.已退休的 认为 vending machine(售饮料的) groceries/gr3 usariz/n.食品杂carbon footprint碳足迹 自动售货机 货 rubbish dump垃圾场；废物堆pay regard to注意；关注 establish'staebli[/v.查实；建carbon dioxide二氧化碳 traffic accident交通事故 立：设立 put"aside忽视；不理睬；忘记 legally/Ii:geli/adv.合法地 peanut butter花生酱 permit/pa'nt/y.允许；准许 baked potato(带皮)烤土豆 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.prove/pru:v/w.证明：证实 名词形式：proof(证据：证明) 构词解析：后缀-f替换-Ve构成名词（部分动词变名词的特殊变形）。 同类词：believe-→belief(相信→信念)、relieve-→relief(缓解→减轻) 例句：The experiment proved that his theory was correct. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习）：Do you have any一(prove)to support your argument? (答案：proof) 2.retired/r'taad/adj.已退休的 动词形式：retire(退休) 构词解析：后缀-d:加在动词后构成形容词，表示“已完成的动作状态”。 同类词：interested(感兴趣的)、excited(兴奋的) 例句：The retired teacher still volunteers at the community center.. 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第一册教材例句）：My grandfather retired at the age of60 and now enjoys gardening. 3.establish'staebli[/v.查实：建立；设立 名词形式：establishment(建立：机构) 构词解析：后缀-met:加在动词后构成名词，表示“动作或结果”。 高中必修第一册沪教版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 3 Choices 同类词：develop→development(发展) 、move→movement (运动) 例句：They plan to establ ih a new branch in Shanghai next year. 真题链接(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习) ： The (establish) of the new hospital will improve medical services in the area. (答案：establishment) 4.legally/'li：gali/adv.合法地 形容词形式：legal(合法的) 名词形式：legality(合法性) 构词解析：前缀leg-(法律) ； 后缀-al构成形容词， -ly构成副词。 同类词：logic→logical (逻辑的) →logically(逻辑地) 例句：You must park your car legally to avoid a fine. 真题链接(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习) ：It is (legal) to drive without a license in most countries. (答案：illegal) 5.permit/pa'mit/v.允许； 准许 名词形式：permission(允许； 许可) 构词解析：后缀-sion：加在动词后构成名词， 表示“动作或状态” 同类词：decide→decision(决定) 、extend→extension(延伸) 例句：The teacher permitted us to leave early after finishing the exam. 真题链接(沪教版高中必修第一册教材例句) ： You need to ask for (permit) before entering the lab. (答案：permission) 6.assume/'sju：m/v 假定；假设；认为 名词形式：assumption(假定； 假设) 构词解析：前缀as(加强语气) ； 后缀-tion： 加在动词后构成名词。 同类词：act→action(行动) 、educate→education(教育) 例句：We assumed he would arrive on time， but he was late. 真题链接(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习) ：The theory is based on the (assume) that all people are honest. (答案：assumption) 7.carbon dioxide二氧化碳 构词解析：前缀 di- (二) ； oxide(氧化物) →“二氧化物”。 同类词：carbon monoxide(一氧化碳， mono-表“一”) 例句：Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. 真题链接(沪教版高中必修第一册教材例句) ： Burning fossil fuels produces large amounts of (carbon dioxide) .(答案：carbon dioxide) 8.pay regard to注意； 关注 构词解析：前缀 re- (再次； 回) ； gard(看作) →regard(关注； 视为) 。 固定搭配：regard..as...(把……看作……) 例句：We should pay regard to environmental protection in daily life. 真题链接(沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习) ：You must (regard) the safety rules when using the 2 高中必修第一册沪教版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 3 Choices machine.(答案：pay regard to) 9.traffic accident交通事故 构词解析：前缀tra-(穿过)：ffic(做)-→traffic(交通)：accident(事故，前缀ac-表“加强”，cid-表 “落下”，“意外落下的事”)。 例句：The traffic accident was caused by drunk driving 真题链接（沪教版高中必修第一册同步练习）：Wearing seatbelts can reduce injuries in_(traffic accident).(答案：traffic accidents) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The police are looking for (to solve the case. 7.After years of hard work,he finally decided to (and travel around the world. 8.The()of the new library will benefit local students a lot. 9.Itis_(合法的)to own a pet dog if you follow the city'srules. 10.Plants take in一（二氧化碳）and give out oxygen. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.Do you have any_(prove)to show you are the owner of this car? 7.The(retire)engineer still offers technical advice to young workers. 8.The(establish)of the charity helped many homeless people. 9.You must act(legal)to protect your rights. 10.We need to get_(permit)from the manager before using the equipment. 11.The_(assume)that he would agree turned out to be wrong. 12.Drivers should(regard)the speed limit to avoid traffic accidents. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 5.这个理论基于一个错误的假设。 The theory is based on a wrong_ 3 高中必修第一册沪教版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 3 Choices 6.我们应该关注环境保护问题。 We should environmental protection 7.这家公司计划明年在广州设立分公司。 The company plans to_a branch in Guangzhou next year. 8.没有驾照开车是违法的。 It is to drive without a driver's license. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A young scientist wanted to_(prove)his new theory.He needed solid_(prove)to convince others.First,he had to(establish)a lab,and the(establish)of the lab took three months.He worked day and night,and his(retire)father often helped him One day,he forgot to get(permit)to use a special chemical.His teacher told him,"You must act (legal)in research."The teacher's words made him realize the importance of following rules Later,he succeeded and his theory was based on careful experiments,not just-(assume). 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.proof 7.retire 8.establishment 9.legal 10.carbon dioxide Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.proof 7.retired 8.establishment 9.legally 10.permission 11.assumption 12. pay regard to II完成句子 5.assumption 6.pay regard to 7.establish 8.illegal V.语篇填空 1.prove 2.proof 3.establish 4.establishment 5.retired 6.permission 7.legally 8.assumption 4