Unit 2 Digital humans 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第二册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 词汇精讲 Unit2 Digital humans三 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 clue /klu:/n.线索；提示 的：不带个人感情的 的：渴望的：（因绝望而）不顾 clarify/'klaerafar/V.使更清晰易 device/d'vas/n.装置：技巧 一切的 懂；阐明 method/'me0ad/n.手段：方法 *reverse /rI'v3slV.颠倒；使完 constant/'konstant/adj.不断的：absorb/b'sob/v.吸引全部注全相反 连续发生的 意力 version'v3Jn/n.版本；改编形 rarely/reali/adv.罕有：很少withdraw /wr'dro:/v.(with-式 instantly/'nstantli/adv.立刻；drew,withdrawn)退出；脱离 rhyme /ram/v.使押韵 马上 *compatible /kam'paetabl/adj.mechanical /ma'kaenikl/adj. emergency /i'm3:d3 ensi/n.紧急相容的：兼容的 械般的：呆头呆脑的：机械的： 情况：突发事件 *fleeting/fli:t/adj.短暂的；闪机械驱动的 inaccurate/in'aekjarat/adj.不准现的 *neutral/'nju:trel//adj.中立的 确的 hip /hIp/n.臀部 objective /ab'd3 ektrv/adj..客观desperate/desparat/adj.极想 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.clarify/'klarefa/v.使更清晰易懂：阐明 词汇变形 形容词形式：clear(清晰的) 名词形式：clarification(阐明：澄清) 构词解析 前缀clar.(=clear,清晰的)+后缀-ify(使…化，动词后缀)。 同类词：simplify(简化)purify(净化) 例句：Could you clarify your point?I'm not sure I understand.. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册同步练习）：The manager asked her to (clear)the misunderstanding with the customer.(答案：clarify) 2.constant/'kpnstant/adj.不断的：连续发生的 词汇变形 副词形式：constantly(不断地) 高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 名词形式：constancy(恒久不变) 构词解析 前缀con-（共同，一起)+词根tant(站立，=stand)+后缀-ant(形容词后缀，表“处于…状态 的”)。 同类词：distant(遥远的)、important(重要的) 例句：The constant noise from the construction site disturbed our study. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元检测）：H (constant)checks his phone,even during meetings.(答案：constantly) 3.inaccurate/m'ekjarat/adj.不准确的 词汇变形 反义词：accurate(准确的) 副词形式：inaccurately(不准确地) 名词形式：accuracy(准确性) 构词解析 前缀in-(否定前缀，表“不”)+accurate(准确的)。 同类词：incorrect(不正确的)、impossible(不可能的) 例句：The report was full of inaccurate data and had to be revised, 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册阅读专项训训练）：The ma即is _(accuracy),so we got lost.(答案：inaccurate) 4.objective /ab'd3ektIv/adj.客观的；n.目标 词汇变形 副词形式：objectively(客观地) 名词形式：objectivity(客观性) 反义词（形容词）：subjective(主观的) 构词解析 前缀ob-(朝向，对着)+词根ject(投掷，hrow)+后缀-ive(形容词/名词后缀)。 同类词：active(积极的)、effective(有效的) 例句：A scientist must remain objective when conducting experiments. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册写作指导）：We need to analyze the problem (objective) rather than emotionally.(答案：objectively) 5.withdraw /wI0'dr:/v.退出；脱离 词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：withdrew/withdrawn 名词形式：withdrawal(撤退：提款) 构词解析 前缀with-(向后，相反)+daw(拉，拖)→“向后拉”即“撤回，退出”。 同类词：withhold(抑制)、withstand(抵抗) 例句：He decided to withdraw from the competition due to injury. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册完形填空）：After the argument,she (withdraw) 高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 into her room and refused to talk.(答案：withdrew) 6.desperate/desparat/adj.渴望的：不顾一切的 词汇变形 副词形式：desperately(极度地；绝望地) 名词形式：desperation(绝望) 构词解析 前缀de-（加强语气)+词根sper(希望，=hope)+后缀-ate(形容词后缀)→“失去希望的”。 同类词：separate（分离的)、fortunate(幸运的) 例句：The lost hiker was desperate for water and food. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册语法填空）：They searched (desperate)for the missing child all night..（答案：desperately) 7.reverse/rI'v3sv.颠倒；adj.相反的 词汇变形 名词形式：reversal(颠倒：逆转) 副词形式：reversely(相反地) 构词解析 前缀re-(向后，相反)+词根vers(转向，um)+后缀-e(动词/形容词后缀)。 同类词：reverse(反转)、diverse(多样的) 例句：Press this button to reverse the direction of the machine. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册词汇运用）：Te (reverse)of the policy led to unexpected results.(答案：reversal) &.nechanical/m?'kaenikl/ad.机械的：机械般的 词汇变形 名词形式：machine(机器)，、mechanic(机械师)、mechanics(力学；机械学) 构词解析 词根machin(机器，machine)+后缀-ical（形容词后缀，表“与…有关的"”)。 同类词：logical（逻辑的)、historical(历史的) His mechanical repetition of the text showed he didn't understand it. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册阅读理解）：The(machine)parts need to be oiled regularly..(答案：mechanical) 9.neutral/'nju:tral/adj.中立的 词汇变形 名词形式：neutrality(中立) 副词形式：neutrally(中立地) 构词解析 前缀neutr-（两者都不，中间)+后缀-al(形容词后缀，表“具有…性质的”)。 同类词：natural(自然的)、national(国家的) Switzerland has a policy of remaining neutral in international conflicts. 高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册话题写作）：Journalists shouldreport the news (neutral) (答案：neutrally) 10.compatible /kam'paetabl/adj.相容的：兼容的 词汇变形 反义词：incompatible(不兼容的) 名词形式：compatibility(兼容性) 构词解析 前缀com-(共同，一起)+词根pat(忍受，=sff©r)+后缀-ible(形容词后缀，表“可…的”)→ “能一起忍受的”即“兼容的”。 同类词：visible(可见的)、responsible(负责任的) 例句：This software is compatible with most operating systems.. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册科技类阅读)：The new printer is (compatibility) with my old computer.(答案：compatible) 11.version/'v3n/n.版本；改编形式 词汇变形 动词形式：version(不常用，义“翻译”) 构词解析 词根vers(转向，tun)+后缀-ion(名词后缀，表“动作或结果”)→“转向不同形式”即“版本”。 同类词：revision(修订)、decision(决定) 例句：I prefer the original version of the novel to the movie adaptation. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册单元测试）：This is the latest (version)of the app, with new features added.(答案：version) 12.absorb/ab's3b/v.吸引全部注意力：吸收 词汇变形 形容词形式：absorbed(全神贯注的) 名词形式：absorption(吸收；专注) 构词解析 前缀ab-(离开，脱离)+词根sorb(吸收)。 同类词：absorb(吸收)、adsorb(吸附) 例句：She was so absorbed in the book that she didn't hear the doorbell 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第二册完形填空）：Plants (absorb)carbon dioxide and release oxygen.(答案：absorb) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The manager asked for further (澄清)on the new policy. 4 高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 2.Her (不断)efforts finally led to success. 3.The data in the report was (不准确的)，so we need to redo the research, 4.The main of this project is to reduce energy consumption. 5.The company announced its (from the market due to financial problems. 6.The team showed great (绝望)when they lost the final game. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He checks his email (constant)throughout the day. 2.We should analyze the problem (objective)instead of making assumptions. 3.After the argument,she (withdraw)to her room and refused to communicate 4.They searched (desperate)for the missing documents all afternoon. 5.The (reverse)of the decision surprised everyone in the office. 6.The (mechanical)parts of the machine need to be replaced regularly. 7.Journalists must report the news (neutral)to avoid bias. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.为了阐明你的观点，你可以举一些例子。 To your point,you can give some examples. 2.植物吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。 Plants carbon dioxide and release oxygen. 3.这款软件与最新的操作系统不兼容。 This software is the latest operating system. 4.科学家在做实验时必须保持客观。 A scientist must remain when conducting experiments. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 5 高中沪教版 【词汇精讲】 选择性必修第二册 In scientific research. (accurate)is crucial. A small mistake can lead to (inaccurate)results.Therefore,researchers must work (constant)to ensure data reliability.They need to analyze information (objective)and avoid personal bias. Sometimes,they may have to (withdraw)from a project if errors are found.For example, last month,a team had to revise their report due to (mechanical)errors in data collection. Their (desperate)to correct the mistakes showed their commitment to science. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.clarification 2.constant 3.inaccurate 4.objective 5.withdrawal 6.desperation I工.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.constantly 2.objectively 3.withdrew 4.desperately 5.reversal 6.mechanical 7. neutrally I完成句子 1.clarify 2.absorb 3.incompatible with 4.objective V语篇填空 1.accuracy 2.inaccurate 3.constantly 4.objectively 5.withdraw 6.mechanical desperation 6