Unit 1 The media and the message 二-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（沪教版）

高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 【词汇变形及词缀精讲】 Unit 1 The media and the message 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 prosecute/'prDsikju:t/V.起诉；aboard /a'bo:dadv.prep.在prejudice/'pred3 udis/n.偏见； 控告；检举 (船、飞机等)上：上（船、飞成见 blame /blem/v.把…归咎于；机等) expectation /,ekspek'teifn/n. 责备；指责 shave∫ev/v.剃（须发） 料：预期；期待 bruise/bru:z/n.青肿；瘀伤 lower/laa()/V.使…降下；typhoon/ta'fun/n.台风 clinic/'klmrk/n.诊所；（医院把…放低 lamb1em/n.羔羊；小羊 的)门诊部 arch/at∫/n.拱（支撑如桥梁或suspect3'spekt/v.怀疑（某人 witness/wItnas/v.当场看到，房屋上部的弧形结构) 有罪) 目击：n.目击者：证人 drag/draeg/v.(使而吃力地)instinct/'instmkt/n.本能；天性 cheat/tfi:t/v.欺骗 拖，拉，拽 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.blame /bleim/v.把…归咎于；责备；指责 名词形式：blame（责备；责任) 形容词形式：blameless(无可指责的) 构词解析：后缀-lss:加在名词后，构成形容词，表”无…的：免于…的”。 同类词：careless(粗心的)、homeless(无家可归的) 例句：He took the blame for the mistake although it wasn't his fault 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：She felt (blame)for not taking good care of her younger brother.(答案：to blame) 2.witness/'wtns/V.当场看到，目击；n.目击者；证人 形容词形式：witnessed(目击的) 名词复数：witnesses 构词解析：后缀-nss:此处不构成抽象名词，而是名词后缀表”人或物'；动词过去分词可作形容 词。 The police are looking for witnesses to the accident that happened last night. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：She witnessed the car crash and reported it to the police immediately. 3.cheat/tfi:t/v.欺骗：n.骗子；欺骗行为 1 高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 【词汇变形及词缀精讲】 名词形式：cheater(骗子) 形容词形式：cheating(欺骗的) 构词解析：后缀-：加在动词后，表”做…的人”；现在分词可作形容词。 同类词：teacher(教师)、worker(工人) 例句：He was caught cheating in the exam and got punished, 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习)：It's wrong to(cheat)in games;:we should play fair..(答案：cheat) 4.lower'la()/V.使…降下；把…放低；adj.较低的 反义词：higher(较高的) 比较级：lower(本身为low的比较级) 构词解析：前缀low-:形容词”低的”；后缀-er:构成比较级。 例句：Please lower your voice in the library. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句)：The temperature will lower by5 C tomorrow. 5.prejudice/'pred3uds/n.偏见；成见 形容词形式：prejudiced(有偏见的) 构词解析：前缀pre-:表”预先”；后缀-ice:构成名词；-ed:构成形容词，表”具有…性质的”。 例句：We should fight against racial prejudice in society. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：Don'tbe_(prejudice)against people from different backgrounds.(答案：prejudiced) 6.expectation/,kspek'ten/n.预料：预期；期待 动词形式：expect(期待：预料) 形容词形式：expected(预期的) 构词解析：前缀ex-:表”向外”；后缀-ation:构成名词，表”动作或状态”；-ed:构成形容词。 例句：Her performance met all our expectations 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：We(expectation)to finish the project by the end of this month.(答案：expect) 7.suspect/.sa'spekt/v.怀疑（某人有罪）：/'sAspekt/n.嫌疑犯 形容词形式：suspicious(可疑的；怀疑的) 名词形式：suspicion(怀疑) 构词解析：前缀sus-(=sb-):表”在…之下”；后缀-ious:构成形容词：-ion:构成名词。 例句：The police suspect that he stole the money. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：She looked suspicious when the police asked her questions. 8.instinct/'mstmkt//n.本能；天性 形容词形式：instinctive（本能的；直觉的) 构词解析：后缀-iv:加在名词后，构成形容词，表”具有…性质的”。 同类词：active(积极的)、creative（创造性的) 高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 【词汇变形及词缀精讲】 例句：Birds build nests by instinct. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：It's__(instinct)for a mother to protect her child.(答案：instinctive) 9.clinic/'knk/n.诊所；门诊部 名词形式：clinician(临床医生) 构词解析：后缀-in:加在名词后，表”从事…职业的人”。 同类词：musician(音乐家)、historian(历史学家) 例句：She works as a nurse in a local clinic. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第四册教材例句）：You can go to the clinic on the second floor for a check-up. 10.arch/atn.拱：v.拱起：ad.主要的 形容词形式：arched(拱形的) 名词复数：arches 构词解析：后缀-ed:构成形容词，表”具有…形状的”。 例句：The bridge has a beautiful stone arch. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习）：The cat arched its back when it saw the dog.(答 案：arched) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The jury listened carefully to the (证人)before making a decision. 7.She has a strong()for knowing when someone is lying. 8.The hospital has a special (for children's eye problems. 9.We should try to overcome (偏见)and treat everyone equally. 10.Her success was beyond all our (预期)： 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.He was accused of(cheat)in the competition and was disqualified. 7.The company decided to(lower)the prices of its products to attract more customers. 8.She felt (blame)for the failure of the project,though it wasn't her fault. 9.The police have several (suspect)in the robbery case. 3 高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 【词汇变形及词缀精讲】 10.It's (instinct)for parents to protect their children from danger. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 5.他因考试作弊受到了严厉的惩罚。 He was severely punished for 6.温度明天将下降8摄氏度。 The temperature will 8C tomorrow 7.不要对不同文化背景的人抱有偏见。 Don't be people from different cultural backgrounds 8.她的表演没有达到我们的期望。 Her performance didn't meet our 四、语篇填空（选自沪教版高中选择性必修第四册同步练习） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A recent survey shows that many people hold(prejudice)against online education,believing it is less effective than traditional learning.However,such views often come from a lack of under- standing rather than (practice)experience. Take my friend Li Ming as an example.He once had a strong(suspect)of online courses, thinking they couldn't provide real interaction.But last year,he had to take an online course due to illness.To his surprise,the course was well-designed,and the teacher's(instruct)was clear and timely.He even made progress faster than before. Li Ming's story tells us that we should not judge things based on(instinct)alone.Instead,we should keep an open mind and avoid(blame)new things without trying them.Only by doing so can we truly expand our horizons and embrace progress. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.witness 7.instinct 8.clinic 9.prejudice 10.expectations Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.cheating 7.lower 8.to blame 9.suspects 10.instinctive 高中选择性必修第四册沪教版 【词汇变形及词缀精讲】 III.完成句子 5.cheating in exams 6.lower by 7.prejudiced against 8.expectations V.语篇填空 prejudices practical suspicion instruction instinct blaming 5