Unit 2 Live longer live better 三-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第四册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 【选择性必修第四册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇精讲 Unit 2 Live longer,live better? 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 occupy/'okjupar/V.使用，占用iput/mpot/n.投入资源（指时 养者 (空间、面积、时间等) 间、知识、思想等)；投入；输protein/pr3tin/n.蛋白质 legend/"led3and/n.(尤指某领入；（电、数据等的）输入端 hostile/hostarl/adj.有阻碍的： 域中的)传奇人物：传说：传奇distract/d'straekt/v.转移（注不利的：敌意的：敌对的 故事 意力)：分散（思想）：使分心basin/'beisn/n.盆地：凹地：海 frustrate/frA'streit/v.使沮丧；bat /baet/n.蝙蝠 盆 使懊恼 install/n'sto:/v.安装；设置domestic/da'mestik/adj..本国 garlic/'ga:lik/n.蒜；大蒜 circuit./s3kt/n.电路：线路：（工地；国内地 legal'Ii:gl/adj.法律允许的：合作等的)巡回，环行 stock/stok/v.存货 法的：法律要求的 automatically/,:ta'maetikli/adv.tolerance/'tplarans/n.容忍；忍 boundary/baundri/n.边界：界自动地 受 限；分界线 mud /mAd/n.泥；淤泥：泥浆diversity/dar'v3 sati/n. 差异 label/'lebl/n.标签；签条：标pretend /pri'tend/v.(在游戏（性）：不同（点） 记 中)装扮，扮作，模拟；假装；dominance/'dpmmans/n.优势： administration/ed mir'strern/佯装 支配地位 n.（企业、学校等)管理，行政teapot/'tipot/n.茶壶 handle/'haendl/v.处理，应付chart∫a:t/n.图表 (局势、人、工作或情感) breeder/'bri:da)/n.培育者；饲 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.legal/'ligl/adj.法律允许的；合法的：法律要求的 词汇变形 名词形式：legality(合法性) 副词形式：legally 构词解析 前缀leg-(=aw,法律)：后缀-al:加在名词后构成形容词，表“与…有关的”。 同类词：logic-→logical(逻辑的)、nation-→national(国家的) 例句：It is legal to drive at60km/h on this road.. 1 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第四册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：Ever yone has the right to (legal)protect their own interests.(答案：legally) 2.domestic/da'mestik/adj.本国的；国内的：家庭的 词汇变形 名词形式：domesticity(家庭生活) 构词解析 前缀dom-(=house.,家)：后缀-tic:构成形容词，表“与…相关的”。 衍生词：domesticate(v.驯化；使适应家庭生活) 例句：The country has seen a rise in domestic tourism this year 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四教材例句）：Domestic products are becoming more popular than imported ones. 3.diversity/dar'v3sati/n.差异（性）：多样性 词汇变形 形容词形式：diverse 副词形式：diversely 构词解析 前缀di-(=apat,分开)词根vers(=tum,转向)：后缀-ity:构成名词，表“性质、状态”。 同类词：possible-→possibility(可能性)、active-→activity(活动) 例句：The city is known for its cultural diversity. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：We should respect the(diverse)of different cultures.(答案：diversity) 4.dominance/'dommans/n.优势；支配地位 词汇变形 形容词形式：dominant 动词形式：dominate 构词解析 词根domin(ule,统治)：后缀-ance:构成名词，表“行为、状态”。 固定搭配：gain dominance over(取得对…的支配地位) 例句：The team's dominance in the game led to an easy victory. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四教材例句）：Male dominance in society has been challenged in recent years. 5.tolerate/'tplereit/.v.容忍：忍受（词汇变形参考：tolerance) 词汇变形 名词形式：tolerance 形容词形式：tolerant 副词形式：tolerantly 构词解析 前缀toler-(=bear,忍受)；后缀-ance:构成名词；-ant:构成形容词。 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第四册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：Ican't tolerate people who are late for meetings. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：Her(tolerate)of noise helped her live in the busy city..(答案：tolerance) 6.frustrate /frA'stet/v.使沮丧：使懊恼 词汇变形 名词形式：frustration 形容词形式：frustrated(感到沮丧的)、frustrating(令人沮丧的) 构词解析 前缀frust-(=break,打破)；后缀-ate:构成动词；-ion:构成名词；-ed-ing:构成形容词。 例句：Failing the exam frustrated him a lot, 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：She felt (frustrate)when she couldn't solve the problem.(答案：frustrated) 7.distract/d'straekt/v.转移（注意力）：使分心 词汇变形 名词形式：distraction 形容词形式：distracting 构词解析 前缀dis-(=away,离开)：词根ract(pull,拉)：后缀-ion:构成名词；-ing:构成形容词。 固定搭配：distract sb.from sth.（使某人分心) 例句：The noise outside distracted me from my study 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：Try to avoid (distract)while doing homework. (答案：distractions) 8.install/m'st/v.安装：设置 词汇变形 名词形式：installation 构词解析 前缀in-(=into,进入)：词根stall(place,放置)：后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作、过程”。 例句：We need to install a new air conditioner in the bedroom. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四教材例句）：The installation of solar panels will save energy costs. 9.automate/'o:tameit/.v.使自动化（词汇变形参考：automatically) 词汇变形 形容词形式：automatic 副词形式：automatically 名词形式：automation 构词解析 前缀auto-(=self,自己)：词根mat(nove,移动)：后缀-ate:构成动词；-ic:构成形容词；-ly: 构成副词。 例句：The doors open automatically when you approach them. 3 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第四册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：This machine can (automatic)sort different types of waste.(答案：automatically) 10.hostile/'hpstarl/adj.敌意的：不利的 词汇变形 名词形式：hostility 构词解析 前缀host-(=enemy,敌人)；后缀-ile:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”。 反义词：friendly(友好的) 例句：The team faced hostile criticism from the public 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四教材例句）：A hostile environment makes it hard for plants to grow 11.occupy/'Dkjupar/v.使用：占用：占据 词汇变形 名词形式：occupation(职业：占用) 形容词形式：occupied 构词解析 前缀oc-(=towards,朝向)；词根cupy(=take,拿取)；后缀-ation:构成名词；-ed:构成形容词。 固定搭配：occupy oneself with sth.(忙于某事) 例句：The room is occupied by three students. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：What's your father's_(occupy)?(答案：occu- pation) l2.pretend /pri'tend/v.假装；佯装 词汇变形 形容词形式：pretended(假装的) 名词形式：pretence(英式)/pretense(美式) 构词解析 前缀pre-(=before,预先)：词根tend(=stretch,伸展)：后缀-ed:构成形容词；-ence:构成名词。 例句：She pretended to be asleep when her parents came in.. 真题链接（沪教版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：He made a__(pretend)of knowing the answer. (答案：pretence) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The company's new policy has raised questions about its (合法性) 2.The government is taking measures to promote (国内的)tourism. 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第四册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.We should learn to respect cultural (多样性)in our daily life. 4.The team worked hard to gain (over their competitors. 5.Her()of different opinions made her popular among friends 6.He couldn't hide his (when he failed the exam again 7.The loud music from next door was a great()while I was studying 8.The (of the new system will be completed next week. 9.The factory has introduced advanced technology to improve (自动化) 10.They faced from the local people when they first arrived. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Everyone has the right to(legal)protect their own interests 2.We should respect the( (diverse)of different cultures. 3.She felt (frustrate)when she couldn't solve the problem. 4.Try to avoid (distract)while doing homework. 5.What's your father's(occupy)? 6.He made a (pretend)of knowing the answer. 7.The (dominant)of English in international communication is obvious. 8.This machine can(automatic)sort different types of waste 9.The (tolerant)of the local people surprised all the visitors. 10.The noise outside (distract)me from my study yesterday. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.这个城市以其文化多样性而闻名。 The city its cultural diversity. 2.近年来，社会中的男性主导地位受到了挑战。 Male in society in recent years. 3.他假装生病来逃避上学。 He ill to avoid going to school. 5 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第四册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 4.我们需要在卧室安装一台新空调。 We need a new air conditioner in the bedroom 5.外面的噪音使我无法专心学习。 The noise outside my study. 6.这个团队在比赛中的优势使其轻松获胜。 The team's in the game an easy victory. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 In modern society,the(diverse)of cultures has become more obvious.People from different backgrounds need to learn(tolerant)and respect each other.However,sometimes cultural differences can lead to(hostile).For example,some people may feel frustrated when they can't understand others'customs,which may(distract)them from building goodrelationships. To create a harmonious environment,it's important to avoid(pretend)to know everything. Instead,we should occupy ourselves with learning about different cultures.Schools can play a role by organizing activities that promote cultural exchange.Through these efforts,we can gradually reduce misunderstandings and gain a better understanding of each other's(occupy)and lifestyles. In the workplace,(dominant)of one group over another is not beneficial.Instead,teamwork based on mutual respect can improve efficiency.Some companies even install systems to ensure fair treatment for all employees,which helps to maintain a positive working atmosphere. (legal) speaking,everyone has the right to be treated equally,regardless of their background 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.legality 2.domestic 3.diversity 4.dominance 5.tolerance 6.frustration 7.distraction 8.installation 9.automation 10.hostility Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.legally 2.diversity 3.frustrated 4.distractions 5.occupation 6.pretence 7.dominance 8.automatically 9.tolerance 10.distracted L.完成句子 1.is known for 2.dominance;has been challenged 3.pretended to be 4.to install 5.distracted me from 6.dominance;led to 6 高中沪教版 【选择性必修第四册】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 V.语篇填空 1.diversity 2.tolerance 3.hostility 4.distract 5.pretending 6.occupations 7.dominance 8.Legally 7