Unit 9 Human Biology Lesson 3-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第三册（北师大版）

高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 3 词汇精讲 Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 3 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 *epidemic /,epI'demik/n. 传染 classification/klaesifi'kern/m.像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态 病，流行病 归类，分类，分级 lung/y/m.肺 irus/varras/n.病毒 *parallel/'paeralel/h.(不同地点*steadily/'stedali/adv.稳定地 variation/,veari'er[n/n.变化物，或不同时间的两事物之间的)联outbreak/'autbreik/h. (战争或 变体：差异，变动 系，相似：adj.平行的 疾病)爆发，突然发生 factor/'faekta/n.因素，要素 depressing/dr'presn/)adj.令人trial/'trarel/n.试验：审判，审理 *bacteria /baek'trari3/n.细菌 沮丧的，让人忧愁的 actual/'aekt fual//adj.实际的，真 officially fili/adv.官方地，sample/'sa:mpl/n.样本，样品；实的 正式地 t.品尝，尝试：对…做抽样underline/,nd'lan/t.强调， classify /'klaesifal/vt. 将…分调查 使突出；在…之下画线 类：把…归入一类 CE/,si:'il公元（用于日期后） thorough/0nra/adj.彻底的，全 rare /res/adj.稀有的，罕见的，estimate/estimert/t.&n.估计，面的，详尽的 不常发生的 估算 systematic /sIsta'matik/adj. baseline/beislam/n.(医学或科visible/'vzbl/adj.看得见的 统化的，有条理的 学中的)基线，准线 *symptom/'smmptam/n.症状；征globe/glaub/n.地球，世界；地 opposed /a'paozd/adj..与某事物兆，症候 球仪 相反：反对某事物，不赞成某事bury/'beri/vt.埋葬，安葬；埋Writing Workshop 物 藏 paragraph/'paeragra:f/n.(文章 widespread /'wardspred adj. pose /pauz/v.造成，引起，产生的)段 布广的，广泛流传的 (问题、危险、困难等)：n.(为画 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.classify/'klaesifaI/vt.将…分类；把…归入一类 词汇变形 名词形式：classification 构词解析 前缀class.-(等级、类别)+后缀-ify(使…化，构成动词)：名词变形加后缀-ication(表行为或 结果)。 同类词：simplify(简化)→simplification(简化) 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 3 Scientists classify animals into different groups based on their characteristics. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：Te (classify)of viruses is a complex scientific process.(答案：classification) 2.estimate/'estimert/.t.&n.估计，估算 词汇变形 形容词形式：estimable(可估计的：值得尊敬的) 构词解析 前缀e-(出)+stim(价值，如sten词根变体)+后缀-ate（构成动词或形容词)。 The scientist estimated the number of deaths caused by the epidemic. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3单元检测）：The_(estimate)cost of the project is over one million yuan.（答案：estimated) 3.visible/'VIzabl//adj.看得见的 词汇变形 反义词：invisible(看不见的)：动词形式：visualize(想象，使可见) 构词解析 前缀vis-（看，如vision视力)+后缀-ible(可…的，构成形容词)：否定前缀in-。 同类词：possible(可能的)→impossible(不可能的) 例句：The symptoms of the disease may not be visible in the early stage, 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3阅读填空)：Stars are(visible)only when the sky is dark.(答 案：visible) 4.actual/'aektfual/adj.实际的，真实的 词汇变形 副词形式：actually;名词形式：actuality(现实) 构词解析 词根act(行动，做)+后缀-ual（具有…性质的，构成形容词)：副词加后缀-ly。 例句：The actual number of cases was much higher than reported, 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3语法填空)：(actual),the virus can spread through both air and contact.(答案：Actually) 5.thorough/r/adj.彻底的，全面的 词汇变形 副词形式：thoroughly 构词解析 后缀y加在形容词后构成副词，表“彻底地”。 例句：The doctor gave the patient a thorough examination, 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3完形填空)：We need to clean the lab(thorough)before the experiment.(答案：thoroughly) 6.systematic/,sIsta'maetik/adj..系统化的，有条理的 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 3 词汇变形 名词形式：system;副词形式：systematically 构词解析 词根system(系统)+后缀-atic(具有…特征的，构成形容词)：副词加后缀-ally。 例句：The research was carried out in a systematic way. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3写作任务)：A(system)study of the data will help us find the cause.（答案：systematic) 7.oppose/'pauzd/adj..与某事物相反；反对某事物 词汇变形 动词形式：oppose;名词形式：opposition 构词解析 前缀op-(相反)+pose(放置)：形容词形式为opposed,表“被反对的”。 例句：Many experts opposed the new policy on virus control 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3阅读理解）：The government was (oppose)by the public for its slow response.(答案：opposed) 8.outbreak/'aotbreik/n.(战争或疾病)爆发 构词解析 前缀out-(向外，超出)+break(打破，爆发)，合成名词表“突然发生”。 同类词：outlook(前景)、outcome(结果) 例句：The outbreak of the disease caused widespread panic. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3单元话题写作）：The_(out break)of COVID-l9in2020 affected the whole world.(答案：outbreak) 9.steady/'stedali//adv.稳定地（注：原词为steadily,此处调整为形容词steady讲解） 词汇变形 副词形式：steadily;名词形式：steadiness 构词解析 形容词steady(稳定的)+后缀-ly构成副词：名词加后缀-ness。 The number of new cases decreased steadily after the measures were taken. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3图表描述)：The death rate dropped(steady)from5%to2%, (答案：steadily) 10.p0 se /pauz/vt.造成，引起 词汇变形 名词形式：position(位置，姿势) 构词解析 词根pos(放置，如position)+后缀-e,动词表“摆放：造成”。 例句：The virus poses a serious threat to public health 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3阅读理解）：Pollution (pose)a great danger to our living envi- ronment.(答案：poses) 3 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 3 11.underline/nda'lam/t.强调，在…之下画线 构词解析 前缀under-（在…之下)+line(线)，合成动词表“在下方画线；强调”。 例句：The report underlines the importance of early prevention. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3语法填空)：The teacher asked us to (underline)the key points in the passage.(答案：nderline) l2.variation/,veari'eujn/n.变化物，变体 词汇变形 动词形式：vay:形容词形式：various(各种各样的) 构词解析 词根vai(变化，如vary)+后缀-ation(表动作或状态)。 There are many variations of the virus,which makes it hard to control 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3词汇填空）：The(vay)of temperatures in spring often causes colds.(答案：variation) l3.epidemic/,epI'demik/h.传染病，流行病 构词解析 前缀pi-(在…之上，遍及)+dem(人民，如democracy民主)+后缀-ic(表“与…有关的”， 构成名词)。 The government took measures to prevent the epidemic from spreading. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3单元主题阅读）：The Spanish Flu was one of the worst (epidemic) in history.(答案：epidemics) 14.symptom/'sImptam/h.症状：征兆 词汇变形 形容词形式：symptomatic(有症状的) 构词解析 前缀sym-(共同，如symbol象征)+ptom(落下，如ptosis下垂)+后缀-m(名词后缀)。 例句：Fever and cough are common symptoms of the disease.. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3完形填空）：Early一(symptom)should be treated immediately to avoid worsening.(答案：symptoms) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The (of the new virus has attracted global attention 7.We need to make a__(彻底的)investigation to find out the truth. 8.The (of this disease include fever and headache. 4 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 3 9.The report (the importance of protecting the environment. 10.There are many (of this virus,which makes it hard to control. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.The (classify)of these plants is based on their leaf shapes. 7.The (estimate)number of participants in the event is over 500 8.The stars are (visible)only on clear nights. 9.She (actual)finished the task ahead of schedule 10.The lab must be cleaned (thorough)before the experiment 11.We need a(system)approach to solve this problem. 12.The new policy was. (oppose)by most citizens. 三、完成句子 6.The death rate has (稳定地下降)since last month, 7.This kind of virus (造成威胁to human health. 8.The (系统化的研究)helped them find the solution quickly. 9 (实际上)，the situation is more serious than we thought. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Scientists have been studying the recent (outbreak)of a new epidemic.They first need to (classify)the virus into different types based on its genetic (variation)】 (Actual), the virus can spread through air,so people are advised to wear masks.Doctors say early (symp- tom)like cough and fever should not be ignored.A(thorough)examination is necessary for diagnosis.The government has taken(system)measures to control the spread,and the number of cases has decreased(steady)over the past two weeks.Experts also(underline)the importance of washing hands frequently,as this(pose)a key step in prevention 参考答案 5 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 3 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.outbreak 7.thorough 8.symptoms 9.underlines 10.variations Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.classification 7.estimated 8.visible 9.actually 10.thoroughly 11.systematic 12. opposed I.完成句子 6.decreased steadily 7.poses a threat 8.systematic study 9.Actually speaking V.语篇填空 1.outbreak 2.classify 3.variation 4.Actually 5.symptoms 6.thorough 7.system- atic 8.steadily 9.underline 10.poses 6