Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson2-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第二册（北师大版）

高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇精讲 Unit 5:Humans and Nature Lesson 2 自然灾害与救援词汇专题 全部单元单词 rescue/reskju/n.&t.营救；伤，损害 suffering/'SAforI四/n.(肉体或精 救援 measure/me3/t.估量，衡量；神上的)痛苦；折磨 vehicle/'vik/n.交通工具，车测量 conduct /ken'dkt/t.实施：进 辆 operation/.Dp3ren/n.行动，行：执行：vi.&t.指挥 apep/t.困住：使陷于危活动：手术：操作 protection /pra'tek/n.保护： 险中 overseas/aova'si:zadv.在海防护 attempt/月'tempt/.n.&vt.努力，外，在外国 lamp /laemp/n.灯 尝试，企图 site/sat/n.场所，地点 nearby/,nIa'ba/adv.附近 interrupt/,Inta'ropt/vi.&t.打process/'prauses/n.过程，进程breathe/bri:/vi.&t.呼吸 断讲话 battle/'betl/n.较量，竞争；斗breathe in吸气 death/deθ/n.死，死亡 争：战斗 dust/dast/n.灰尘；尘埃 loss1Dsn.丧失；死亡 duy/dju:ti//n.职责，义务；责run out用完；耗尽 damage/'daemId3/n.伤害，损任 词汇变形及词缀精讲 l.rescue/reskju:/n.&t.营救；救援 词汇变形 形容词形式：rescue(无词性变化，可直接作定语，如rescue team):过去式/过去分词：rescued 构词解析 前缀re-:表“再、又：回、重新”，词根scue意为“安全”，合为“使重回安全”。 同类词：rebuild(重建)、return（返回) The firefighters managed to rescue three children from the burning building. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：The soldiersrisked their lives to(rescue)the villagers trapped in the flood..(答案：rescue) 2.vehicle/'vi:akl/n.交通工具，车辆 词汇变形 形容词形式：vehicular(车辆的，交通的) 构词解析 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 前缀veh-:来自拉丁语“搬运”，后缀-icle:表“小的东西”，合为“搬运的小工具”→交通工具。 同类词：article（文章，原义“小物件")、particle(微粒) 例句：Cars,buses and bikes are all common vehicles in cities. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2单元测试）：The new policy aims to reduce the number of private (vehicle)to improve air quality..(答案：vehicles) 3.attempt/a'tempt/n.&t.努力，尝试，企图 词汇变形 名词形式：attempt(同形)；形容词形式：attempted(未遂的，如attempted murder) 构词解析 前缀at(=ad-):表“朝向”，词根tempt意为“尝试”，合为“向着目标尝试”。 同类词：attract(吸引)、attach(附加) He made an attempt to climb the mountain alone but failed due to bad weather. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2阅读填空）：Scientistshave_(attempt)to find a cure for the disease for years.(答案：attempted) 4.death/de9/n.死，死亡 词汇变形 形容词形式：dead(死的)；动词形式：die(死亡)：副词形式：deadly(致命的) 构词解析 词根die(死亡)，后缀-h:将动词/形容词转化为名词，表“状态”。 同类词：growth(生长，←grow)、strength(力量，←-strong） 例句：The old man's death made his family very sad. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2完形填空)：The doctor tried his best to save the patient,.but (die)came soon after.(答案：death) 5.loss/lDs/n.丧失：死亡 词汇变形 动词形式：lose(失去，过去式lost):形容词形式：lost(迷路的：丢失的) 构词解析 词根lose（失去)，后缀-ss:将动词转化为名词，表“行为或结果”。 同类词：pass一pass（通过)→pass(关口)：press一press(按压)→press(新闻界) 例句：The loss of her wallet made her very upset. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2语法填空）：He (lose)his keys yesterday and had to call a locksmith.(答案：lost) 6.damage/'daemId3/n.伤害，损伤，损害 词汇变形 动词形式：damage(同形)：形容词形式：damaged(受损的) 构词解析 前缀dam-:来自拉丁语“伤害”，后缀-age:表“行为或结果”，合为“伤害的结果”。 同类词：marriage(婚姻，←-may)、storage(储存，←-store) 2 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：The storm caused great damage to the houses in the village. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2单元测试)：The car was badly (damage)in the accident,but no one was hurt..(答案：damaged) 7.measure/'me3a/t.估量，衡量；测量 词汇变形 名词形式：neasure(同形，“措施”)：形容词形式：measurable(可测量的) 构词解析 词根meas(测量)，后缀-ure:构成名词，表“行为或工具”。 同类词：pleasure(快乐，←-please)、pressure(压力，←-press). 例句：We need to measure the length of the room before buying a carpet,. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习)：The government has taken effective (measure)to reduce pollution.(答案：measures) 8.operation/,Dp3reIn/n.行动，活动：手术；操作 词汇变形 动词形式：operate(操作；手术)：形容词形式：operational(可操作的) 构词解析 前缀oper-:来自拉丁语“工作”，后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作或过程”。 同类词：education(教育，←-educate)、information(信息，←-inform) 例句：The doctor will perform an operation on the patient tomorrow morning. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2阅读理解）：The machine requires careful (operate)to avoid accidents.（答案：operation) 9.conduct /kan'dkt/t.实施：进行：执行；vi.&t.指挥 词汇变形 名词形式：conduct(行为，发音/'kpndAkt/):形容词形式：conductive(传导的，如conductive materials) 构词解析 前缀con-(=com-):表“共同”，词根duct意为“引导”，合为“共同引导”→指挥；实施。 同类词：introduce(介绍，←-in+duct)、produce(生产，←-pro+dct) The teacher conducted an experiment to show the effect of gravity. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2语法填空)：The survey was_(conduct)by a team ofresearchers from the university.(答案：conducted) l0.protection /pra'tekn/n.保护；防护 词汇变形 动词形式：protect(保护)：形容词形式：protective(保护的，如protective parents) 构词解析 前缀pro-:表“在前”，词根tect意为“覆盖”，合为“在前面覆盖”→保护；后缀-ion:构成名词。 同类词：detect（发现，←-de+tect,“揭开覆盖物”)、architect(建筑师，←一archi+-tect,“首席建造 者”) 例句：Wearing masks is an important protection against air pollution. 3 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2单元测试)：We should take steps to (protection)endangered species..（答案：protect) 11.breathe /bri:/vi.&t.呼吸 词汇变形 名词形式：breath(呼吸，发音bre/):形容词形式：breathless(喘不过气的) 构词解析 词根breath(呼吸)，后缀-e:构成动词（名词去e加-e构成动词，如bathe←-bath)。 同类词：teeth(牙齿)→teethe(长牙)、cloth（布)→clothe(穿衣) 例句：It's important to breathe deeply when you feel nervous. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2完形填空）：After running for 10 minutes,she was out of (breathe). (答案：breath) l2.damage/demd3n.伤害，损伤，损害 词汇变形 反义词：repair(修复)：副词形式：damagingly(破坏性地) 构词解析 (补充)前缀de-:表“向下”，词根mage意为“伤害”，合为“使向下受损”→损害。 例句：The heavy rain caused serious damage to the crops,. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2写作）：It's important to avoid (damage)the environment while developing industry.(答案：damaging) l3.attempt/a'tempt/n.&t.努力，尝试，企图 固定搭配 attempt to do sth.(尝试做某事)：make an attempt at sth.(尝试某事) 例句：She attempted to solve the problem but couldn't find a solution,. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2阅读理解)：Anyone who_(attempt)to break the rules will be punished.(答案：attempts) 14.process/'prauses/n.过程，进程 词汇变形 动词形式：process(处理，发音/pra'ses/);形容词形式：processing(处理中的，如processing fee) 构词解析 前缀pro-:表“向前”，词根cess意为“行走”，合为“向前行走”→进程。 同类词：progress(进步)、access(通道) 例句：Learning a language is a long process that requires patience. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2单元测试）：The_(process)of applying for university takes several months.(答案：process) 4 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The firefighters formed a special (team to save people from the burning building. 2.Cars,buses and bikes are all common_ (交通工具)in cities.. 3.His first (to climb the mountain failed due to bad weather. 4.The old man's (死亡)made his family very sad. 5.The (of her phone made her unable to contact her friends 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The storm (damage)many houses in the village last night 2.Scientists have(attempt)to find a cure for the disease for years. 3.The survey was (conduct)by a team of researchers from the university. 4.We should take steps to (protection)endangered species 5.After running for 10 minutes,she was out of (breathe). 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.士兵们冒着生命危险去营救被困在洪水中的村民。 The soldiers risked their lives to the villagers trapped in the flood. 2.新政策旨在减少私家车数量以改善空气质量。 The new policy aims to reduce the number of private 3.多年来，科学家们一直尝试寻找这种疾病的治愈方法。 Scientists have to find a cure for the disease for years. 4.医生尽力抢救病人，但死亡很快就降临了。 The doctor tried his best to save the patient,but came soon after. 四、语篇填空 J 高中英语北师大版 【必修2】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 A strong earthquake hit the city yesterday,causing great disaster.Many people were trapped in col- lapsed buildings,and the government immediately organized a_ (rescue)operation.Firefighters and soldiers worked together to(attempt)to save as many lives as possible.Unfortunately, some people couldn't be saved,and the(death)toll continued to rise.The earthquake also led to the (lose)of many homes and serious(damage)to roads and bridges. To deal with the situation,the government took effective(measure).Medical teams were sent to provide first aid,and tents were set up for homeless people.Volunteers helped distribute food and water,and engineers began to(conduct)repairs on damaged infrastructure.Experts warned that aftershocks might still occur,so people were advised to stay in safe places and wear masks to protect their (breathe)from dust. Although the disaster caused great suffering,people showed strong unity.Everyone hoped that with joint efforts,the city would soon recover from the (damage). 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.rescue 7.vehicles 8.attempt 9.death 10.loss Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.damaged 7.attempted 8.conducted 9.protect 10.breath L.完成句子 5.rescue 6.vehicles 7.attempted 8.death V语篇填空 1.rescue 2.attempt 3.death 4.loss 5.damage 6.measures 7.conduct 8 breathing 9.damage 6