Unit 8 Literature Lesson1-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲选择性必修第三册（北师大版）

高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 8:Literature Lesson 3 词汇精讲 Unit 8:Literature Lesson 3 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 league/Ii:gn.里格（时长度单护；保护：保持，维持：保存 steel/sti:l/n.钢，钢铁 位，约5000米)：体育运动联合drown/draon/vi.&t.(使)淹evidently/'evidantli/adv.明显 会，联赛：联盟，同盟 死，（使）溺毙 地，显然 violent/varalant//adj.强烈的；暴strike/strak/vi.&vt.打，击，撞；solid/'sold/adj.固体的；坚硬 力的，强暴的 突然发生不幸：n.罢工：打击的 recollection/rek3'lekn/n.想起，chest /tfest/n.胸部，胸 polished/'pDli/t/adj.擦亮的，磨 记起 unconscious/n'kDns/adj.不光的；精湛的；精致的 desperation/.desp3'rem/n.绝省人事的，失去知觉的 const女ruction/kn'strak fn/n.建 望：拼命，不顾一切 being/'bi:/n.生物（尤指人）；筑物：建造物：建造，建筑 sink/skv.&t.下沉，沉没诞生；出现：存在 daybreak/'deibreik/n.黎明，破 ease /i:z/n.轻易，毫不费劲 whale /weil/n.鲸 晓 grab/greb/t.取，抓住 weapon/'wepn/n.武器，兵器；utter/'At/t.(尤指吃力地)发 nevertheless/nevada'les/adv.凶器 出（声音） 然而，不过：尽管如此 bounce/bans/vi.&t.(使)弹 preservation/.prez3'ven/n.维起，（使）反弹 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.violent/'varalant/adj.强烈的；暴力的，强暴的 名词形式：violence 副词形式：violently 构词解析：后缀-ent:构成形容词：ence是对应的名词后缀；-y构成副词。 同类词：different(不同的)→difference(差异)、patient(耐心的)一patience(耐心) 例句：The violent storm caused great damage to the village. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3同步练习)：He reacted (violent)to the unfair treatment. 案：violently) 2.recollection/rek3'lek/n.想起，记起 动词形式：recollect 构词解析：前缀re-:表“再次、重新”；collect(收集)→recollect(重新收集→想起)：后缀-ion 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 8:Literature Lesson 3 构成名词。 同类词：collection(收集)→recollect(想起) 例句：Her recollection of the accident helped the police find the truth. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3教材例句）：It was beyond my recollection when I first met her. 3.preservation/preza'veIn/n.维护；保护；保存 动词形式：preserve 构词解析：前缀pre-:表“预先、提前”；seve(服务、保持)→preserve(预先保持→保护)：后 缀-tion构成名词，表“动作或过程”。 同类词：reserve(保留)→reservation(预定)、celebrate(庆祝)→celebration(庆祝) The preservation of ancient buildings is important for cultural heritage. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3同步练习)：We should take action to (preservation)the envi- ronment..(答案：preserve) 4.unconscious/n'konfas/adj..不省人事的，失去知觉的 名词形式：unconscious1ess 反义词：conscious(有意识的) 构词解析：前缀un-:表“否定”；conscious(有意识的)→unconscious(无意识的)：后缀-ness构 成名词，表“状态”。 同类词：happy(快乐的)一unhappiness(不快乐)、comfortable(舒适的)一uncomfortable(不舒 适的) He was unconscious after the car accident and was sent to the hospital immediately. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3教材例句)：The patient remained unconscious for three days after the operation. 5.polished/polt/adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的：精致的 动词形式：polish 名词形式：polish(抛光剂) 构词解析：后缀-ed:构成形容词，表“已完成的动作或状态”；polish(动词，擦亮)→polished(被 擦亮的)。 同类词：interest(使感兴趣)→interested(感兴趣的)、develop(发展)一developed(发达的) 例句：Her polished performance won a lot of applause from the audience, 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3同步练习)：The__(polish)surface of the table looks very smooth, (答案：polished) 6.construction /ken'strAk[n/n.建筑物：建造物：建造，建筑 动词形式：construct 形容词形式：constructive(建设性的) 构词解析：前缀con-:表“共同、一起”；struct(建造，来自拉丁语“结构”)→construct(共同建 造→构建)：后缀-ion构成名词。 同类词：instruct(指导)→instruction(指令)、destruct（破坏)→destruction（破坏) 例句：The construction of the new bridge will be completed next year. 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 8:Literature Lesson 3 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3教材例句)：The main building is under construction and will be put into use soon. 7.utter/At/vt.(尤指吃力地)发出（声音） 形容词形式：uter(完全的，彻底的，如：utter darkness漆黑) 构词解析：前缀un-(此处为加强语气，非否定)+uter(原始含义“说出”)：作形容词时表“彻底 的”，为同源多义。 例句：She managed to utter a few words before passing out, 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：There was an(utter)silence in the room when the bad news came..(答案：uter) 8.evident/'evidant/adj.明显的，显然的 副词形式：evidently 名词形式：evidence 构词解析：前缀e-(=ex-,表“出”)；vid(看，如：vision视力)→evident(看出来的→明显的)： 后缀-y构成副词，-ce构成名词。 同类词：visible(可见的)→vision(视力)、provide(提供)→provision(供应) 例句：It was evident that he was telling a lie from his facial expression. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3同步练习）：(evident),the team needs more practice to win the gane.(答案：Evidently) 9.desperation/.desp3ten/n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切 形容词形式：desperate 构词解析：前缀de-:表“向下、否定”；sper(希望，如：prosper繁荣)→desperate（失去希望的 →绝望的)；后缀-ation构成名词，表“状态”。 同类词：separate（分离)一→separation（分离)、expect(期待)一expectation(期待) 例句：He acted out of desperation when he lost all his money. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3教材例句)：In desperation,she turned to her friends for help, 10.solid/'sDl1d/ad.固体的；坚硬的 副词形式：solidly 名词形式：solid(固体) 构词解析：后缀-d:构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”；solid(名词，固体)→形容词“固体的”。 同类词：fluid(液体)→fluid(流动的)、acid(酸)→acidic(酸性的) 例句：The ice on the lake is solid enough to walk on. 真题链接（北师大版高中选修3同步练习)：The building was built on a_(solid)foundation.(答 案：solid) 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 8:Literature Lesson 3 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The government has taken measures to protect cultural heritage through_()of old temples. 2.After the earthquake,many people were trapped under the()and needed rescue. 3.Her face showed no()when she heard the unexpected news. 4.The()presented in court proved that he was innocent 5.In a state of_(绝望)，he decided to risk everything for his family. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The storm last night was so(violent)that several trees were uprooted. 2.She(recollect)her childhood memories while looking at the old photos. 3.It is our duty to(preserve)the natural environment for future generations. 4.The(polish)wooden table in the dining room looks brand new. 5.-(evident),the new policy has greatly improved people's quality of life. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.他在车祸后失去了知觉，被立刻送往医院。 He was_after the car accident and was sent to the hospital immediately 2.保护古建筑对文化遗产很重要。 Theof ancient buildings is important for cultural heritage. 3.她的精彩表演赢得了观众的热烈掌声。 Her_performance won a lot of applause from the audience. 4.显然，这个团队需要更多练习才能赢得比赛。 一，the team needs more practice to win the game, 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 4 高中选修3北师大版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 8:Literature Lesson 3 A terrible storm hit the small village last night.The(violent)wind and rain caused serious dam- age.Many houses were destroyed,and some people were injured and left_(conscious).Rescue workers arrived quickly,but the(construct)of fallen walls made it hard to reach the trapped.In -(desperate),villagers joined therescue effort.One old man,though tired,-(utter)words of encour- agement to everyone.-(evident),teamwork was the key to saving lives.By morning,all survivors were safe,and the_(preserve)of food and water became the next task. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.preservation 7.construction 8.expression 9.evidence 10.desperation Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.violent 7.recollected 8.preserve 9.polished 10.Evidently I.完成句子 5.unconscious 6.preservation 7.polished 8.Evidently V.语篇填空 1.violent 2.unconscious 3.construction 4.desperation 5.uttered 6.Evidently 7 preservation 5