内容正文:
高中选修3北师大版
【词汇精讲】
Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 1
词汇精讲
【Unit9】Human Biology Lesson1
词汇变形及词缀精讲
全部单元单词
clone /kla/t.克隆,使无性繁地
crucial/'ku/adj.至关重要的,
殖:n.克隆动物或植物,无性*primate'praimeit/n.灵长目动
关键性的
繁殖的个体
物
bound /baund/adj.很有可能,肯
edit/'edit/i.&t.编辑,编校:*ape /erp/m.猿
定会
剪辑,剪接
comparison /kam'paerisn/h.比较*ethical/'eθikl/adj.关于伦理的:
*gene/d3in/n.基因
reproductive/,Iipr3'dAktIv/adj.合乎道德的
artificially/,a:tI'fifoli/adv.人为繁殖的,生殖的
mere /mia/adj.仅仅,只不过:极
地,虚假地
wholly /haolli/adv.完全地
小的,极不重要的
barrier /'baeria/n.障碍,壁垒
clue /klu:m.线索,提示
*inferior /in'fieria/adj.低级别
identical/ar'dentikl/adj.完全相accurate/'aekjarat/.adj.准确的,的,下级的;差的,次的
同的,非常相似的
正确的
abuse /a'bju:z/vt.滥用,妄用:
twin /twm/m.双胞胎中的一个
treatment/'tri:tmant/n.诊疗,治虐待:Abju:sh.滥用;虐待
*mammal/'meml/m.哺乳动物
疗,疗法:对待方式
blessing/'bles/h.福气,幸运
camel/'keml/m.骆驼
*provoke /pra'vakW.激起,引*curse /k3sh.祸因,祸根;诅
cattle/'ketl/m.牛
起
咒,咒语
goat/gaut/n.山羊
emotion/1ma迈n/m.
强烈的情
forever /f'reva/adv.永远:长久感,激情
词汇变形及词缀精讲
1.artificial/.atr'fi/adj.人造的:人为的
副词形式:artificially(人为地,虚假地)
构词解析:前缀ati-(=ski)+词根fic(=make)+后缀-ial(形容词后缀),字面义“用技巧制
造的”,即“人造的”;副词加后缀y。
例句:Some plants are grown artificially in greenhouses.(北师大版高中选修3教材例句)
2.identical/ar'dentikl/adj.完全相同的,非常相似的
副词形式:identically
名词形式:identity(身份:同一性)
构词解析:前缀iden-(=sane)+后缀-tical(形容词后缀,表“性质”):副词加-ly,名词去-tical
高中选修3北师大版
【词汇精讲】
Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 1
加-ity。
同类词:vertical(垂直的)一vertically(垂直地)
例句:The two twins look identical,,but their personalities are quite different.(北师大版高中选修3同
步练习)
3.reproductive/,Iipr3'dAktIv/adj.繁殖的,生殖的
动词形式:reproduce(繁殖:复制)
名词形式:reproduction(繁殖;reproduction)
构词解析:前缀re-(=again)+词根produce(生产)+后缀-ive(形容词后缀,表“与…有关
的”):动词去-ive加-e,名词去-ive加-ion。
例句:The reproductive system is crucial for the survival of a species.(北师大版高中选修3单元阅读)
4.ethical/'eikl/adj.关于伦理的;合乎道德的
名词形式:ethics(伦理学;道德准则)
副词形式:ethically
构词解析:词根ethic(道德规范)+后缀-al(形容词后缀,表“有关…的”):名词去-al加-s(表
“学科”),副词加-y。
真题链接(北师大版高中选修3同步练习):The use of cloning technology has raised many_
(ethic)questions.(答案:ethical)
5.inferior/n'fraria/adj.低级别的,下级的:差的,次的
名词形式:inferiority(自卑感;劣势)
构词解析:前缀in-(=not)+词根fer(=cay,带来)+后缀-ior(形容词后缀,表“较…的”),
字面义“带来较少的”,即“较差的”;名词加后缀-ity。
固定搭配:be inferior to(比…差)
例句:This product is by no means inferior to imported ones..(北师大版高中选修3单元测试)
6.abuse /a'bju:zt.滥用,妄用:虐待:13'bju:s1n.滥用;虐待
形容词形式:abusive(虐待的:辱骂的)
构词解析:前缀b-(=away,偏离)+词根use(使用),字面义“偏离正常使用”,即“滥用”;形
容词加后缀-ive。
例句:The government has made laws to prevent the abuse of power..(北师大版高中选修3单元讨论)
7.crucial/'ku:l/adj.至关重要的,关键性的
副词形式:crucially
构词解析:词根cuc(=cross,十字,象征“关键”)+后缀-ial(形容词后缀):副词加-y。
同类词:financial(金融的)→financially(金融上)
真题链接(北师大版高中选修3模拟题):It is crucial
_(protect)endangered species from extinction.
(答案:to protect)
8.provoke /pra'vak/.激起,引起
名词形式:provocation(挑衅;激怒)
2
高中选修3北师大版
【词汇精讲】
Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 1
形容词形式:provocative(挑衅的;刺激性的)
构词解析:前缀pro-(=forward,.向前)+词根vok(=call,呼喊)+后缀-e,字面义“向前呼喊”,
即“激起”:名词加后缀-ation,形容词加-ative。
例句:His rude words provoked a heated argument in the meeting.(北师大版高中选修3单元阅读)
9.blessing/'bles则n.福气,幸运
动词形式:bless(祝福:保佑)
构词解析:动词bless(bless的过去分词为blessed)+后缀-ing(名词后缀,表“行为的结果或产
物”),即“祝福带来的幸运”。
固定搭配:a blessing in disguise(塞翁失马,焉知非福)
真题链接(北师大版高中选修3同步练习):The rain was a
(bless))for the dry land.(答案:
blessing)
10.curse /k3sn.祸因,祸根;诅咒,咒语
动词形式:curse(诅咒;咒骂)
构词解析:名词、动词同形:动词过去式/过去分词:cursed或crst。
例句:Some people viewed the new technology as a curse rather than a blessing.(北师大版高中选修3
单元讨论)
11.accurate/'aekjarat/adj.准确的,正确的
副词形式:accurately
名词形式:accuracy(准确性)
构词解析:前缀ac-(=to,表加强)+词根cr(=care,关心)+后缀-ate(形容词后缀,表“具有
…性质的”),即“用心的”→“准确的”;副词加-y,名词去-ate加-cy。
真题链接(北师大版高中选修3同步练习):To get_(accurate)results,.we need to repeat the
experiment.(答案:accurate)
l2.edit/'edrt/vi.&vt.编辑,编校:剪辑,剪接
名词形式:editor(编辑):edition(版本)
构词解析:词根edit(编辑)+后缀-or(表“人”)→editor;+后缀-ion(表“动作结果”)→edition。
例句:She works as an editor for a famous publishing house.(北师大版高中选修3阅读拓展)
l3.barrier/'beri/n.障碍,壁垒
动词形式:br(阻挡;禁止)
构词解析:词根bar(栅栏)+后缀-ier(名词后缀,表“物”),即“栅栏”引申为“障碍”:动词
为词根原形bar。
固定搭配:break down barriers(打破障碍)
例句:Language differences can be a barrier to communication.(北师大版高中选修3教材例句)
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高中选修3北师大版
【词汇精讲】
Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 1
综合训练
一、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
l.The new policy has raised many._(伦理的)questions in society.
2.The_(繁殖的)cycle of this animal is still a mystery to scientists.
3.Some people consider modern technology a一(祸根)rather than a blessing.
4.Language differences can be a_()to effective communication.
5.She has worked as an _for a famous magazine for five years
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.It is crucial_(protect)wild animals from illegal hunting.(crucial)
2.The_(accurate)of the data directly affects the research results.(accurate)
3.His rude behavior_(provoke)a strong reaction from the audience.(provoke)
4.This product is by no means_(inferior)to imported brands.(inferior)
5.The government has taken measures to prevent the_(abuse)of power.(abuse)
6.The twins dress(identical)every day,making it hard to tell them apart.(identical)
三、完成句子(每空一词)
1.这项技术的滥用可能会引发伦理问题。
The of this technology may-ethical problems.
2.她的成绩和她哥哥的完全相同。
Her grades are_her brother's.
3.这个发现对医学研究至关重要。
This discovery is_-medical research.
4.有些人认为人工智能是福也是祸。
Some people view AI as both a_and a_
四、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
高中选修3北师大版
【词汇精讲】
Unit 9:Human Biology Lesson 1
Cloning technology has long been a topic of debate.Some see it as a-(bless)that can save endan-
gered species,while others call it a(curse)due to ethical concerns.The_(reproductive)process
of cloned animals is often_(artificial)controlled,which may lead to health problems.
Scientists emphasize the need for(ethic)guidelines to avoid-(abuse)of the technology.-
(Crucial),we must balance innovation with moral responsibility.For example,cloning for medical
research could be_(benefit),but cloning humans remains a controversial barrier.
参考答案
I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.ethical 2.reproductive 3.curse 4.barrier 5.editor
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.to protect 2.accuracy 3.provoked 4.inferior 5.abuse 6.identically
II.完成句子
1.abuse;provoke 2.identical to 3.crucial for 4.blessing;curse
V.语篇填空
1.blessing 2.curse 3.reproductive 4.artificially 5.ethical 6.abuse 7.Crucially
8.beneficial
5