Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson3-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第二册（北师大版）

高中必修2北师大版 【Unit 5】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 Unit 5 Unit 5:Humans and Nature Lesson 3 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 explorer /ik'splo:ra/n.探险者：础；t.以…为基地 distant/'drstant/adj.久远的：遥 勘察者 anxiously/'enkfasli/adv.焦虑远的 preparation/.prep3'ren/n.预地：不安地 continent/'kpntinant/n.洲，大 备，准备 break down停止运转，出故障洲；大陆 *sledge/sled3/n.雪橇 ambition/em'bun/n.抱负，雄*tent/tent/n.帐篷 ski/ski/n.滑雪板：vi.滑雪 心：追求，夙愿 honesty/Dnisti/n.坦诚；诚实， captain/'kaeptm/n.上校：队长；exploration/,ekspla'rerf/n.探正直 组长 险：探索 sincerity/sn'serati/n.真诚，真 polar /'paula/adj.极地的，地极cheerful/'t/iafl//adj.高兴的，兴挚，诚实 的 高采烈的 bravery/brervari/n.勇气；勇敢 base/beis/n.基地，大本营；基prove /pru:v/t.证明；证实 的行为 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.explorer /Ik'splo:ra/n.探险者；勘察者 动词形式：explore(探索：勘探) 构词解析：前缀x-:表”向外、超出”；后缀-r:加在动词后，表”做…的人”。 同类词：teacher(教师)←-teach(教)、worker(工人)←-work(工作) 例句：The explorer spent years exploring the remote forest, 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：Columbus was one of the greatest_(explore)in history. (答案：explorers) 2.preparation/.prep3'ren/n.预备，准备 动词形式：prepare(准备) 形容词形式：prepared(准备好的) 构词解析：前缀pre-:表”预先、提前”；后缀-ation:加在动词后，构成名词，表”动作或过程’。 例句：Good preparation is the key to success in the exam. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2教材例句）：They are making preparations for the coming expedition. 3.anxious/'e)ksad.焦虑的：不安的 副词形式：anxiously(焦虑地) 1 高中必修2北师大版 【Unit 5】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 名词形式：anxiety(焦虑：忧虑) 构词解析：后缀-ous:构成形容词；-y:构成副词；-ty:构成名词。 例句：She was anxious about her son'ssafety. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：He waited (anxious)for the test results.(答案： anxiously) 4.ambition/em'brn/n.抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿 形容词形式：ambitious(有雄心的；有抱负的) 构词解析：后缀-on:构成名词；-ious:构成形容词，表”具有…性质的”。 例句：His ambition is to become a famous scientist. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：She is an (ambition)student who wants to study abroad.(答案：ambitious) 5.exploration/,ekspla'ren/n.探险：探索 动词形式：explore(探索：探险) 构词解析：前缀ex-:表”向外”；后缀-ation:加在动词后，构成名词。 同类词：education(教育)←educate(教育)、invitation(邀请)←-invite(邀请) 例句：Space exploration has always been a human dream. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2教材例句）：The team's exploration of the polar region lasted three months 6.cheerful/'tJrof1//adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的 名词形式：cheer(欢呼：愉快) 副词形式：cheerfully(愉快地) 构词解析：后缀-f:加在名词后，构成形容词，表”充满…的”：y:构成副词。 同类词：careful(仔细的)←-care(小心)、successful(成功的)←-success（成功) 例句：She always has a cheerful smile on her face. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：The children sang(cheerful)on their way to the park. (答案：cheerfully) 7.prove/pru:v/vt.证明；证实 形容词形式：proven(被证实的) 名词形式：proof(证据；证明) 构词解析：后缀-en:构成形容词，表”被…的”；f:名词后缀(proof为prove的名词形式)。 例句：He tried to prove his innocence to the police. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：The experiment (prove)that the theory was correct. (答案：proved) 8.distant/'drstant/adj.久远的；遥远的 名词形式：distance(距离：远方) 构词解析：前缀dis-:表”分离、分开”；后缀-ant:构成形容词；-ce:构成名词。 例句：The village is located in a distant mountain area. 2 高中必修2北师大版 【Unit 5】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习)：What'sthe _(distant)between Beijing and Shanghai? (答案：distance) 9.honesty/'DnIsti//n.坦诚；诚实，正直 形容词形式：honest（诚实的：坦诚的) 副词形式：honestly(诚实地) 构词解析：后缀-ness:加在形容词后，构成抽象名词，表”性质、状态”：-y:构成副词。 同类词：kindness（善良)←-kind(善良的)、darkness(黑暗)←-dark(黑暗的) 例句：Honesty is the best policy in any relationship. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：Ie is an (honesty)boy who never tells lies.(答案： honest) 10.sincerity/sn'serati/n.真诚，真挚，诚实 形容词形式：sincere(真诚的：真挚的) 副词形式：sincerely(真诚地) 构词解析：前缀sin-(同single”,表”单一、纯粹)：后缀-ity:构成名词，表”性质”；-e:形容词 后缀；-y:副词后缀。 例句：Her sincerity moved everyone at the meeting. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：Please acceptmy_(sincere)thanks for your help.（答 案：sincere) 11.bravery/'brervari/n.勇气：勇敢的行为 形容词形式：brave(勇敢的) 副词形式：bravely(勇敢地) 构词解析：后缀-y:加在形容词后，构成抽象名词，表”性质、行为”；-y:构成副词。 同类词：cowardice(懦弱)←-coward(懦弱的)、slavery（奴隶制)←一slave(奴隶) 例句：The soldier's bravery in battle was praised by everyone. 真题链接（北师大版高中必修2同步练习）：She faced the difficulty_(brave)and never gave up. (答案：bravely) 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The (探险者)discovered a new species in the rainforest, 7.We need to make good for the upcoming exam. 8.His (焦虑)about the result made him unable to sleep. 9.Space_ (探索)has always been a topic of great interest. 10.The (between the two cities is about 500 kilometers. 3 高中必修2北师大版 【Unit5】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.She is an (ambition)leader who aims to expand the company. 7.The children laughed (cheerful)while playing games in the park. 8.The theory has been」 (prove)to be correct by many experiments. 9.He answered the question (honest),which won everyone's trust. 10.The soldiers showed great (bravery)in defending their country. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 5.这位科学家花了数年时间探索深海。 The scientist spent years the deep sea. 6.充分的准备是成功的关键。 Good is the key to success. 7.她真诚地感谢所有帮助过她的人。 She thanked all the people who had helped her 8.我们应该勇敢面对生活中的挑战。 We should face the challenges in life 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Marco Polo was a famous(explore)who traveled to Asia in the 13th century.His journey required careful (prepare)and great courage.During his travels,he often felt (anxious) about the unknown dangers,but his(ambition)to learn about new cultures kept him going.His (explore)of distant lands brought back many stories,which inspired later generations.People still remember his (bravery)and the (sincere)in his descriptions.Today,his experiences remind us that (honest)and curiosity are important for any adventure. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.explorer 7.preparation 8.anxiety 9.exploration 10.distance 4 高中必修2北师大版 【Unit 5】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 IⅡ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.ambitious 7.cheerfully 8.proven 9.honestly 10.bravery I.完成句子 5.exploring 6.preparation 7.sincerely 8.bravely V.语篇填空 1.explorer 2.preparation 3.anxious 4.ambition 5.exploration 6.bravery 7. sincerity 8.honesty 5